CN220252736U

CN220252736U - Instrument for assisting in manufacturing and observing hemispherical lens type pathological tooth specimens

Info

Publication number: CN220252736U
Application number: CN202122596659.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 傅建华; 傅子墨
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-10-27
Filing date: 2021-10-27
Publication date: 2023-12-26
Anticipated expiration: 2031-10-27

Abstract

The utility model discloses an instrument for assisting in manufacturing and observing a hemispherical lens type pathological tooth specimen, which comprises a shell, a laser module and a power supply assembly, wherein the front end of the shell is provided with a light outlet, the laser module is arranged on the front side in the shell, the power supply assembly is arranged on the rear side in the shell, the power supply assembly is electrically connected with the laser module, a concave lens positioned right in front of the light outlet end of the laser module is fixedly arranged in the shell, and laser output by the laser module is emitted in a horn-shaped divergent sub-highlight and dimming beam form from the light outlet after being diverged by the concave lens. The instrument can observe an anatomical specimen with an ultra-clear and enlarged view lesion structure, so that students can intuitively obtain ecological and morphological knowledge of corresponding lesion teeth, the understanding and the memorization of the knowledge are deepened, the correct knowledge is rapidly obtained, and the teaching quality is improved.

Description

Instrument for assisting in manufacturing and observing hemispherical lens type pathological tooth specimens

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of oral medical appliances, in particular to an appliance for assisting in manufacturing and observing hemispherical lens type pathological change tooth specimens.

Background

The pathological change tooth specimen is an important component of the teaching content of the stomatology, and the preservation of the anatomical specimen adopted by the existing stomatology is divided into two methods, namely wet method and dry method: namely: the formalin is stored in formalin or directly exposed in the air, or is inconvenient to observe, or is difficult to store, and great trouble is caused to teachers and students in teaching and observation.

The conventional wet preservation mode of diseased teeth is that formalin solution is soaked and preserved in a glass bottle. However, formaldehyde in formalin solution is easy to harden, deform, fade and not keep fresh; the formaldehyde solution is easy to polymerize and produce sediment because of containing methanol, and needs to be replaced frequently; methanol has a strong pungent odor, which not only pollutes the environment, but also damages eyes and respiratory systems of operators to various degrees, seriously harms human health, which is very harmful to teachers and students in teaching.

In addition, the preservation mode is simpler, hydrogen peroxide is used for cleaning and disinfecting, dental plaque, dental calculus and granulation tissue adhered on the tooth surface are removed, then formalin is solidified, finally natural air drying is carried out, finally thermosol or AB glue is used for adhering and fixing the tooth surface and the organic glass bracket, and an organic glass specimen box is used for packaging. Such teeth, which mainly observe the external morphology of the teeth, cannot meet the requirements for observing dental lesions. And is also prone to wind, mildew and fouling.

In this regard, the applicant developed a super-clean view diseased tooth specimen comprising diseased teeth and glycerin layer and super-clean epoxy resin ab crystal colloid which are sequentially covered on the surfaces of the diseased teeth from inside to outside, wherein bacterial infection type diseased structures of the diseased teeth are processed in at least one form of full section, half section and partial section, and non-bacterial infection type diseased structures of the diseased teeth are subjected to windowing.

The ultra-clear epoxy resin ab crystal glue in the ultra-clear visual field diseased tooth specimen is a double-component high-molecular material composed of epoxy resin and a curing agent, the bonding performance of the epoxy resin is strong, and dental plaque, tooth calculus delamination and stripping can be prevented; in the embedding process, the working fluid with good fluidity and low viscosity can fully impregnate the uneven structures of the tooth surface and the tooth profile windowing area. Through the combined use of the two materials, the problem that the observation is unclear due to diffuse scattering of light rays of various pathological structures of pathological teeth and rough surfaces of the cut-off tooth specimens after air drying is avoided, and meanwhile, the observation definition is increased. Meanwhile, the contact between the teeth and the air is isolated, so that the teeth are prevented from being weathered and moldy; dust and dirt are isolated, and the tooth appearance is not oxidized once embedded, so that the display structure of the tooth specimen keeps clear consistency for a long time. In addition, the smooth appearance of the specimen can be repeatedly disinfected and wiped by using gauze containing alcohol or chlordine disinfectant, and a custodian does not need special protection. In a word, the sample embedded by the resin is sealed in solid transparent resin to isolate the outside air, so that the sample can keep the original form and color for a long time, and meanwhile, the harm of toxic preservative to human body is avoided.

The observation mode of the conventional human tooth specimen mainly comprises the observation of appearance morphological structure, caries and the like under conventional illumination. Specific lesions are mainly completed by means of photographs, resin models and the like, and the current clinical intraoral photographs or photographs of diseased tooth specimens have few records of LIF laser induced fluorescence technology, probably because of the patent number: the LIF device of 2019111926976 is not yet marketed, whereas the traditional QLF product technology is not mature and its clinical use is not approved. Meanwhile, laser transillumination techniques simulating the effects of transparent teeth, similar to the intraoral photographs or photographs of diseased tooth specimens of patent No. ZL20171038922, have not been popular. The lack of these laser diagnostic observation techniques discounts the use value of the diseased tooth specimens in clinical teaching.

In the field of oral medical treatment, a number of optical-based diagnostic techniques are becoming more mature, such as patent numbers employing LIF laser fluorescence diagnostic techniques: 201911192697.6, "an instrument for aiding in visualizing periodontal treatment," is effective in identifying bacterial infections and plaque in teeth. For example, patent No. ZL20171038925.2 "an apparatus for back light scattering inspection of dental crowns" can help identify the lesions at hidden parts of teeth and generate diagnostic techniques similar to "transparent teeth", but these techniques are single-point irradiation, too small light spots and too high bright spots, and for the lesion teeth coated with glycerin layer and ultra-clear epoxy ab crystal colloid, the observation requirements cannot be met, and the observation brightness is low by using LED, so an apparatus capable of assisting in making and observing hemispherical lens type lesion teeth specimens is needed to enable students to clearly and intuitively obtain ecological and morphological knowledge of the corresponding lesion teeth.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the utility model provides an instrument for assisting in manufacturing and observing a hemispherical lens type pathological change tooth specimen, which can observe an anatomical specimen with an ultra-clear and enlarged view pathological change structure, so that students can intuitively obtain ecological and morphological knowledge of corresponding pathological change teeth, and the understanding and the memorization of the knowledge are deepened, thereby quickly obtaining correct knowledge and improving teaching quality.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present utility model provides the following technical solutions: the utility model provides an apparatus for assisting preparation and observation hemisphere lens formula pathological change tooth sample, includes casing, laser module and power supply module, the front end of casing is equipped with the light-emitting hole, the front side in the casing is installed to the laser module, power supply module installs the rear side in the casing, power supply module is connected with the laser module electricity, has set firmly the concave lens that is located laser module light-emitting end in front in the casing, the laser of laser module output is emitted with the form of the little highlight dim light beam of horn-shaped divergence from the light-emitting hole after the concave lens diverges.

Based on the above, under the auxiliary observation of the instrument beam projection, the clean finishing, cutting or windowing and pathological treatment of the isolated diseased teeth can be carried out, and the isolated diseased teeth are embedded with the epoxy resin ab crystal glue and manufactured into the hemispherical lens diseased tooth specimens. Meanwhile, the laser is used for observing the hemispherical lens type pathological change tooth specimen and carrying out pathological teaching work, so that clear amplified bacterial infection remains structure with fluorescence expression and non-infected tooth pathological change structure are seen.

In the above technical scheme, the utility model can also be improved as follows:

preferably, the laser output by the laser module is a purple electromagnetic wave with the wavelength of 405 nm.

Preferably, the power of the laser module is 10-100 mw.

Preferably, the laser module is of a cylindrical structure, the length of the laser module is 100-160 mm, and the diameter of an output beam of the laser module is 2-3 mm.

Preferably, the diameter of the concave lens is 2-3 times of the diameter of the laser module output beam.

Preferably, the divergence angle of the concave lens is 10-20 degrees.

Preferably, the concave lens is fixed in the light emitting hole in a gluing, inserting or clamping mode, and a connecting line between the central point of the concave lens and the center of the output light beam of the laser module is collinear with the central axis of the light emitting hole.

Preferably, the shell is in a cylindrical structure, and the hand holding part of the outer surface of the shell is a rough surface.

Additional aspects and advantages of the utility model will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the utility model.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of an instrument for assisting in the fabrication and observation of a hemispherical diseased tooth specimen in accordance with an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the divergence of the output beam of the laser module of FIG. 2;

in the reference numerals:

the device comprises a shell 10, a light emitting hole 111, a laser module 20, a battery 30, a concave lens 40 and a switch 50.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present utility model are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present utility model and should not be construed as limiting the utility model.

An apparatus for assisting in the preparation and viewing of a hemispherically-lenticular lesion dental specimen according to the present utility model is described in detail below with reference to fig. 1-3.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an apparatus for assisting in the fabrication and viewing of a hemispherical diseased dental specimen includes a housing 10, a laser module 20, a power supply assembly, and a concave lens 40.

As shown in fig. 2, the front end of the housing 10 is provided with a light outlet 111, the laser module 20 is mounted at the front side in the housing 10, the power supply assembly is mounted at the rear side in the housing 10, the power supply assembly is electrically connected with the laser module 20, a concave lens 40 positioned right in front of the light outlet of the laser module 20 is fixedly arranged in the housing 10, and the laser output by the laser module 20 is emitted in the form of a horn-shaped divergent sub-highlight and dimming beam from the light outlet 111 after being diverged by the concave lens 40.

Scientific reports show that various porphyrin substances generated by oral pathogenic bacteria generate the strongest fluorescence effect near 405nm, so in this embodiment, the laser output by the laser module 20 is preferably a purple electromagnetic wave with a wavelength of 405nm, and the power of the laser module 20 is 10 mw-100 mw. The laser module 20 is of a cylindrical structure, the length of the laser module 20 is 100-160 mm, the diameter of the output beam of the laser module 20 is 2-3 mm, and the diameter of the concave lens 40 is 2-3 times of the diameter of the output beam of the laser module 20.

As shown in fig. 2, the concave lens 40 is fixed in the light emitting hole 111 by gluing, inserting or clamping, and the line connecting the central point of the concave lens 40 and the central line of the output beam of the laser module 20 is collinear with the central axis of the light emitting hole 111.

In other alternative embodiments, the concave lens 40 may be held by clamping, and the divergence angle of the concave lens 40 is 10 ° to 20 °.

In alternative embodiments, the concave lens 40 may be biconcave, plano-concave, convex-concave, and in practice, a convex lens may be used to form a diverging beam (focus-then-diverge).

The collimated and highlighted beam with the original conventional diameter of 2-3 mm can be shaped into a conical divergent beam with a diffusion angle of 10-20 degrees by the concave lens 40, the brightness of the divergent beam is inversely proportional to the irradiation distance, and the spot size is directly proportional to the irradiation distance. The light beam is not only suitable for pathological preparation of pathological changes of teeth, but also suitable for close-range projection of teachers and students by using a pen, has strong light spot size and brightness controllability, can be controlled simply by means of a tabletop on the lower arm and the wrist, is not easy to fatigue, does not influence the stability of light spots due to physiological vibration, and meets the ergonomics of observation of specimen teeth.

In this embodiment, the power supply assembly is preferably a 18650 type dry cell battery, and in other alternative embodiments, the power supply assembly may also be a lithium cell battery.

In this embodiment, the switch 50 for controlling the laser module 20 is disposed on the housing 10, and the switch 50 may be disposed at the tail end of the housing 10 or at a location on the housing 10 that is convenient for operation.

In this embodiment, the housing 10 has a cylindrical structure, and the grip portion of the outer surface of the housing 10 is a rough surface.

Based on the above-described instrument, the following describes the observation effect of using the above-described instrument to produce a hemispherical diseased tooth specimen:

in the process of manufacturing a hemispherical diseased tooth specimen, under the irradiation of a divergent light beam of a laser module 20 with the wavelength of 405nm, an isolated diseased tooth with teaching significance is selected as a candidate tooth according to the fluorescence expression, and the diseased structure is bacterial infectious diseases and comprises the following steps: calculus and plaque of periodontal disease; caries (deep caries/shallow caries/pit point gap caries, surface demineralization infection, static caries/progressive caries, etc.); pulp infection; the prosthetic adhesive remains.

In the process of manufacturing a hemispherical diseased tooth specimen, under the irradiation of a divergent light beam of a laser module 20 with the wavelength of 405nm, an isolated diseased tooth with teaching significance is selected as a candidate tooth according to the fluorescence expression, and the diseased structure is a non-bacterial infectious disease and comprises the following steps: tooth saphenosis, tooth fissure, occlusal abrasion, fluoride spot tooth, non-caries tooth body defect, abnormal tooth, secondary dentin, dental pulp calcification, filler-containing tooth, crown tooth restoration and the like.

In the process of manufacturing the hemispherical diseased tooth specimen, the dental calculus, dental plaque and adhesive residue of the restoration, bad restoration and diseased soft tissue attached to the surface of the diseased tooth are carefully screened and stored according to the fluorescence expression of the hemispherical diseased tooth specimen under the irradiation of the light beam diverging by the laser module 20 with the wavelength of 405 nm.

In the manufacturing process of the hemispherical diseased tooth specimen, in the in-vitro diseased tooth treatment and subsequent steps, the laser module 20 with the wavelength of 405nm is fixed by a bracket, the projection angle is set, an operator can cooperatively treat the diseased tooth by two hands, and the angles and the moving positions are repeatedly converted, so that the optimal fluorescent observation effect is obtained.

Referring to fig. 3, the following describes the observation effect of using the above instrument to observe a hemispherical diseased tooth specimen:

in clinical teaching, a teacher takes out a classified prepared pathological tooth specimen according to course requirements, the teacher and students wear excitation goggles for isolating 190-540 nm to 99.9999% of OD < 6+ >, a black matte leather containing tray with high light absorption is selected as a model observation substrate, meanwhile, illumination of indoor environment is reduced, incoherent electromagnetic wave interference is avoided, and then the teacher and students light the observation instrument to hold a pen to throw light on the convex side of the pathological tooth specimen.

Based on periodontal disease hemisphere lens type specimens, dental plaque and calculus on the tooth surface are greatly enlarged under irradiation of 405nm divergent light beam, and irregular strips, spots, plates and layers of the bacterial infection structures and foggy gauze of the dental plaque can be seen.

Based on infection of the pulp hemisphere lens specimen, the pulp cavity has pink fluorescence, and further details of pulp infection can be seen, such as: changes in the streak of pulp tissue fibers, progression of infectious bacteria into dentinal tubules, relationship of infected pulp to old filling above it.

Based on caries hemispherical lens type specimens, cervical caries and occlusal caries, and remains of bacteria invading pulp cavities can be seen. Meanwhile, the fluorescence of hard tissues of teeth can be different, and lesion changes of non-bacterial infection can be observed in an auxiliary mode.

In clinical observation, the visual recognition sensitivity is higher than that of a record photo of a mobile phone or a camera, especially in visual observation, a hand-held laser and a hand-held tooth specimen are used for adjusting the projection distance and angle in real time, so that rich fluorescence expression and contrast are obtained.

If more teachers and students are provided, a tooth specimen observation table can be arranged, specimen teeth to be observed are placed in a black matte leather containing tray, and the optimal laser pen projection angle and distance are adjusted and fixed. Meanwhile, an observation screen is placed in front of the observation table, a teacher and a student can walk around to watch and explain together, or the observation screen is projected through a specially-debugged teaching rebroadcast system, so that the specimen observation efficiency is improved. The observability of such details, in turn, shows the unique advantages of hemispherical lens specimens, maximizing the presentation of the morphology and ecology of bacterial infectious diseases.

Therefore, by combining the reasons, the utility model provides the instrument for assisting in making and observing the hemispherical diseased tooth specimen, which can lead the isolated tooth which is originally planned to be discarded and destroyed and is rich in precious diseased structure to become an anatomic specimen which is nontoxic, tasteless and easy to process and maintain and has the observability of the diseased structure with ultra-clear visual field, and lead students to intuitively obtain the morphological and ecological knowledge of the corresponding diseased tooth, deepen the understanding and memorization of the learned knowledge, thereby rapidly obtaining the correct knowledge and improving the teaching quality.

While embodiments of the present utility model have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the utility model, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an apparatus for assisting preparation and observation hemisphere lens formula pathological change tooth sample, includes casing (10), laser module (20) and power supply unit, the front end of casing (10) is equipped with light-emitting hole (111), front side in casing (10) is installed to laser module (20), power supply unit installs the rear side in casing (10), power supply unit is connected with laser module (20) electricity, its characterized in that:

a concave lens (40) positioned right in front of the light emitting end of the laser module (20) is fixedly arranged in the shell (10), and laser output by the laser module (20) is emitted from the light emitting hole (111) in a horn-shaped divergent sub-highlight and dimming light beam mode after being diverged by the concave lens (40);

the diameter of the concave lens (40) is 2-3 times of the diameter of the light beam output by the laser module (20), and the divergence angle of the concave lens (40) is 10-20 degrees;

the laser beam output by the laser module (20) is a purple electromagnetic wave with the wavelength of 405nm, the power of the laser module (20) is 10-100 mw, the laser module (20) is of a cylindrical structure, the length of the laser module (20) is 100-160 mm, and the diameter of the laser module (20) output light beam is 2-3 mm.

2. An instrument for assisting in the preparation and visualization of a hemispherically-lens diseased tooth specimen as defined in claim 1, wherein: the concave lens (40) is fixed in the light emergent hole (111) in a gluing, inserting or clamping mode, and a connecting line of the central point of the concave lens (40) and the central line of the light beam output by the laser module (20) is collinear with the central axis of the light emergent hole (111).

3. An instrument for assisting in the preparation and visualization of a hemispherically-lens diseased tooth specimen as defined in claim 1, wherein: the shell (10) is of a cylindrical structure, and the hand holding part of the outer surface of the shell (10) is a rough surface.