CN220128097U

CN220128097U - Deep hole processing positioning structure of horizontal numerical control drilling and milling machine

Info

Publication number: CN220128097U
Application number: CN202321120836.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 顾斌超; 洪江波
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2023-05-08
Filing date: 2023-05-08
Publication date: 2023-12-05
Anticipated expiration: 2033-05-08

Abstract

The utility model discloses a deep hole machining and positioning structure of a horizontal numerical control drilling and milling machine, which is characterized in that: comprises a guide plate, a Y-axis guide rod and a Z-axis guide rod; the Z-axis guide rod is in sliding fit on a main shaft mechanism of the numerical control milling and drilling machine; the guide plate is arranged at the front end of the Z-axis guide rod, and a detachable guide sleeve is arranged at the center of the guide plate; the upper end of the Y-axis guide rod is connected with a sliding block, the Y-axis guide rod is matched with the numerical control milling and drilling machine in a sliding mode along the X-axis direction through the sliding block, and the lower end of the Y-axis guide rod can be inserted into the guide plate to be matched with the guide plate in a sliding mode. The utility model can obviously improve the stability of deep hole processing on the side surface of the workpiece.

Description

Deep hole processing positioning structure of horizontal numerical control drilling and milling machine

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of machining, in particular to a deep hole machining positioning structure of a horizontal numerical control drilling and milling machine.

Background

The long shaft cutter is needed to be used for machining the side deep holes of the parts, and in the machining process, the problem of poor stability in the use process, namely the problem that the cutter is easy to shake or even break, is caused by the long axial length of the long shaft cutter, so that the cutter needs to be further improved.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the utility model provides a deep hole machining positioning structure of a horizontal numerical control drilling and milling machine, which can obviously improve the stability of deep hole machining on the side surface of a workpiece.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present utility model provides the following technical solutions:

a deep hole processing positioning structure of a horizontal numerical control drilling and milling machine is characterized in that: comprises a guide plate, a Y-axis guide rod and a Z-axis guide rod;

the Z-axis guide rod is in sliding fit on a main shaft mechanism of the numerical control milling and drilling machine;

the guide plate is arranged at the front end of the Z-axis guide rod, and a detachable guide sleeve is arranged at the center of the guide plate;

the upper end of the Y-axis guide rod is connected with a sliding block, the Y-axis guide rod is matched with the numerical control milling and drilling machine in a sliding mode along the X-axis direction through the sliding block, and the lower end of the Y-axis guide rod can be inserted into the guide plate to be matched with the guide plate in a sliding mode.

Preferably, the main shaft mechanism of the numerical control milling and drilling machine is provided with a horizontal main shaft, wherein the horizontal main shaft comprises a main shaft frame, a main shaft which is arranged on the main shaft frame and extends in the same direction with the Z-axis guide rod, a motor for driving the main shaft to rotate and a main shaft box which is positioned outside the main shaft and the main shaft frame;

the main shaft bracket is provided with a through hole, a sliding sleeve matched with the Z-axis guide rod is arranged in the through hole, a guide block is arranged on the outer side wall of the guide plate, and a lower guide hole for the lower end of the Y-axis guide rod to be inserted is formed in the guide block;

the numerical control milling and drilling machine is provided with a cross beam, and an X-axis sliding rail for sliding fit of the sliding block is arranged on the cross beam.

Preferably, the sliding block is provided with an upper guide hole matched with the Y-axis guide rod, the front side wall of the sliding block is provided with a threaded hole communicated with the upper guide hole, and the threaded hole is internally provided with a positioning bolt.

Preferably, the center of the guide plate is provided with a center hole, and the guide sleeve is assembled on the center hole through a bolt.

Preferably, the headstock has a space capable of accommodating the Z-axis guide bar.

The utility model has the advantages that: the Z-axis guide rod can circumferentially position the guide plate, the Y-axis guide rod can axially position the guide plate, the guide plate guides and supports the middle part of the deep hole machining tool and the position close to the tool bit through the guide sleeve at the central position, the stability of deep hole machining is remarkably improved, and the problem that the deep hole machining tool shakes or breaks due to overlong shaft length is avoided.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a horizontal numerically controlled milling and drilling machine according to the present embodiment;

fig. 2 is another schematic diagram of the horizontal numerically controlled drilling and milling machine according to the present embodiment;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of a lathe bed according to the present embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a deep hole machining positioning structure according to the present embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a tool magazine according to the present embodiment;

fig. 6 is another schematic diagram of the tool magazine according to the present embodiment.

Detailed Description

The deep hole processing positioning structure of the horizontal numerical control drilling and milling machine is further described with reference to fig. 1 to 6.

A horizontal numerical control milling and drilling machine is characterized by comprising a machine body 2, a positioning mechanism 3 and a main shaft mechanism 1.

The lathe bed 2 is provided with a lower mounting table 22 and an upper workbench 21 which are in a ladder structure and are distributed front and back; the positioning mechanism 3 is arranged on the upper workbench 21 and is used for positioning a workpiece to be processed placed on the upper workbench 21, the spindle mechanism 1 comprises a multi-spindle sliding table 12 arranged on the lower mounting table 22 and a horizontal spindle 11 arranged on the multi-spindle sliding table 12, the multi-spindle sliding table 12 drives the horizontal spindle 11 to move relative to the upper workbench 21 so as to adjust the corresponding positions of the horizontal spindle 11 and the side wall of the workpiece to be processed, the upper workbench 21 and the lower mounting table 22 are distributed in a stepped mode, a height difference can be formed, and the position between the spindle mechanism 1 and the side wall of the workpiece to be processed can be conveniently corresponding.

Specifically, the lathe bed 2 is an integral cast iron structure, and the cast iron structure has stable structure, can not deform after long-term use, and can stably support the spindle mechanism 1 arranged on the lower mounting table 22 of the lathe bed 2 and large-scale plate parts placed on the upper workbench 21 so as to ensure the machining accuracy. For improving the overall aesthetic appearance, side plates are provided on each side of the bed 2, and electric cabinets are provided on the left and right sides of the table 21 on the bed 2.

The positioning mechanism 3 comprises a positioning table 33 arranged on the table surface of the upper workbench 21, and a plurality of positioning holes 3311 are formed in the positioning table 33. The positioning table 33 can be fixed by various tool fixtures through the positioning holes 3311 thereon, and the tool fixtures can position the workpiece to be processed on the positioning table 33 for processing. The lower end of the positioning hole 3311 is a closed structure to prevent the coolant or scraps from falling below the positioning table 33.

In this embodiment, a screw sleeve is disposed in each positioning hole 3311, and after the screw sleeve is damaged after long-term use, the screw sleeve is only required to be removed and replaced, so that the replacement cost is effectively reduced.

The positioning table 33 is formed by tiling and splicing a plurality of positioning plates 331, namely, the table surface of the upper workbench 21 is provided with a connecting hole for bolt matching, each positioning plate 331 is fixed on the upper workbench 21 through bolts, and the structure can reduce the customizing cost of the positioning table 33 and facilitate the local replacement of the positioning table 33 in later use so as to reduce the production cost. The positioning holes 3311 on each positioning plate 331 have different spacing to cope with the clamping and positioning of large metal plates of various sizes and shapes.

A water return groove structure is arranged at the peripheral position of the upper workbench 21 corresponding to the positioning table 33, the water return groove structure comprises a water guide groove 211 and a water outlet groove 212, the water guide groove 211 is arranged on the surface of the upper workbench 21, the periphery of the positioning table 33 is wound with a C-shaped structure, two ends are water outlet ends, the water outlet groove 212 is arranged on the front side wall of the workbench 21 and is lower than the water guide groove 211, two water outlet ends of the water guide groove 211 are connected, and the water outlet end of the water outlet groove 212 is connected with a cooling liquid groove 213. In the processing process, the water guide groove 211 is matched with the water outlet groove 212, so that the cooling liquid on the positioning table 33 can be returned to the cooling liquid groove 213 for recycling, thereby ensuring the cleanliness in the using process and achieving the energy-saving effect.

The positioning mechanism 3 further includes a cross member 31 provided above the upper table 21 and extending along the X axis, and a plurality of pressing cylinders 32 provided on the cross member 31. The beam 31 is provided with upright posts at positions near two ends, and the beam 31 is arranged on the upper workbench 21 through the upright posts; the plurality of compression cylinders 32 are distributed along the X axial direction and are fixed on the lower surface of the cross beam 31 in an inverted state, a lower compression pad is arranged on a piston rod of the compression cylinder 32, and after the compression cylinder 32 stretches, the compression cylinder is compressed on the upper surface of a workpiece to be processed through the lower compression pad, so that a positioning effect is achieved on the workpiece to be processed; the pressing pad is a plastic pad or a rubber pad, and can protect the workpiece.

An assembly groove extending along the X axial direction is formed in the lower surface of the cross beam 31, an installation plate is connected to the end of the cylinder body of the compression cylinder 32 through bolts, the cylinder body is located below the cross beam 31 when the compression cylinder 32 is installed, the installation plate 52 is located above the assembly groove, and the bolts penetrate through the assembly groove to connect the installation plate 52 with the end of the cylinder body. When the nuts on the bolts are screwed down, the compression cylinder 32 can be locked, and after the threads on the bolts are loosened, the compression cylinder 32 can be moved along the X axis on the lower surface of the cross beam 31 so as to adapt to the positioning of the plate with different sizes and shapes, and the flexibility of use is obviously improved.

One end of the cross beam 31 is connected with a system controller 43 through two rotary joints 41 and a cantilever 42, and the display surface of the system controller 43 can rotate towards all directions, so that the position of an operator can be adjusted, and the convenience of the operator in use is remarkably improved.

The multi-axis sliding table 12 is a three-axis sliding table, and comprises an X-axis sliding table 121 arranged on the lower mounting table 22, a Z-axis sliding table 122 arranged on the X-axis sliding table 121, and a Y-axis sliding table 123 arranged on the Z-axis sliding table 122 and used for mounting the horizontal spindle 11, so as to drive the spindle mechanism 1 to move in the X, Y, Z direction. The X-axis sliding table 121, the Y-axis sliding table 123 and the Z-axis sliding table 122 each include a linear guide rail, a sliding plate slidingly engaged on the linear guide rail, and a ball screw structure driving the sliding plate to slide on the linear guide rail. In actual use, the multi-axis sliding table 12 can be set as a four-axis sliding table or a sliding table with more axes according to the use requirement.

The horizontal spindle 11 includes a spindle frame 111 mounted on a sliding plate 1231 of the Y-axis sliding table 123, a spindle 112 disposed on the spindle frame 111, a servo motor 113 for driving the spindle 112 to rotate, and a spindle box 114 disposed outside the spindle 112 and the spindle frame 111. The head of the spindle 112 can clamp tools of different types to perform different types of hole machining or sidewall milling; the spindle bracket 111 is formed by connecting the upper and lower anchor clamps 1111 by bolts, and is fixed to the slide plate 1231 by bolts, and the head stock 114 is also fixed to the slide plate 1231 to conceal the spindle bracket 111, the servo motor 113, and the parts below the head of the spindle 112.

When the large-scale plate type part is required to be subjected to side processing, the part is horizontally placed on the positioning table 33 and positioned through the positioning mechanism 3, a corresponding cutter is arranged at the head of the main shaft 112, and the main shaft mechanism 1 is driven by the multi-shaft sliding table 12 to move relative to the side wall of the workpiece to be processed, so that various hole processing or milling processing, such as drilling, hole inner wall polishing, tapping or side wall milling, is performed at different positions of the side wall of the workpiece. In this course of working, need not to overturn the operation with the part, show the convenience that promotes the part processing, cooperate multiaxis sliding table simultaneously to the multiple removal of spindle unit 1, realize spindle unit 1's automatic processing operation, show the convenience of promotion processing and the precision of processing.

In order to realize deep hole machining on the side wall of the plate, the horizontal numerical control drilling and milling machine further comprises a deep hole machining positioning structure 6, wherein the deep hole machining positioning structure 6 comprises a guide plate 61, a Y-axis guide rod 62 and a Z-axis guide rod 64;

the Z-axis guide rods 64 are four and are distributed in a square shape and are in sliding fit on the main shaft bracket 111; the guide plates 61 are arranged at the front ends of the four Z-axis guide rods 64, and a detachable guide sleeve 611 is arranged at the center of each guide plate; the upper end of the Y-axis guide bar 62 is connected with a slider 63, and is slidably fitted on the cross beam 31 by the slider 63, and the lower end can be inserted into the guide plate 61 to be slidably fitted with the guide plate 61. When deep hole machining is required, an upper deep hole machining tool is installed at the head of the main shaft 112, the guide plate 61 is moved towards a workpiece to be machined, the Y-axis guide rod 62 is moved downwards to enable the lower end of the Y-axis guide rod 62 to be inserted onto the guide plate 61, the Z-axis guide rod 64 can circumferentially position the guide plate 61, the Y-axis guide rod 62 can axially position the guide plate 61, the guide plate 61 can guide and support the middle part of the deep hole machining tool and the position close to the tool bit through the guide sleeve 611 at the central position, the stability of deep hole machining is remarkably improved, and the problem that the deep hole machining tool shakes or breaks due to overlong shaft length is avoided; in the process, the Y-axis guide rod 62 can also move along with the spindle mechanism 1 and the deep hole machining tool in the X-axis direction so as to machine different hole sites in the X-axis direction, and the machining flexibility is remarkably improved. Under the condition of no deep hole machining, the Y-axis guide rod 62 is pulled away from the guide plate 61 and is moved to the tail end position of the cross beam 31 together with the sliding block 63, so that the machining action of the spindle mechanism 1 is prevented from being influenced; secondly, the guide sleeve 611 on the guide plate 61 is removed, and then the guide plate 61 is pushed to the main shaft 112, so that the guide plate 61 is sleeved at the head position of the main shaft 112 to form a front end plate of the main shaft box 114; the space capable of accommodating the Z-axis guide rod is provided in the headstock, that is, the space capable of accommodating the Z-axis guide rod 64 is provided in the headstock 114 at a position corresponding to the rear side of the headstock 111, so that the Z-axis guide rod 64 can be completely slid into the headstock 114 to be hidden, and the headstock has the characteristics of convenience in disassembly and storage.

The main shaft frame 111, that is, the anchor ear 1111 is provided with a through hole, a sliding sleeve 11111 for the Z-axis guide rod 64 to be matched is arranged in the through hole, two guide blocks 632 are arranged on the outer side wall of the guide plate 61, and a lower guide hole for the lower end of the Y-axis guide rod 62 to be inserted is arranged on the guide blocks 632.

The cross beam 31 is provided with an X-axis sliding rail 633 for sliding fit of the sliding block 63, the sliding block 63 is provided with an upper guide hole for matching with the Y-axis guide rod 62, the front side wall of the sliding block 63 is provided with a threaded hole communicated with the upper guide hole, the threaded hole is provided with a positioning bolt 631, after the positioning bolt 631 is screwed, the end part of the positioning bolt 631 can be abutted against the Y-axis guide rod 62 to limit the Y-axis guide rod 62 to slide in the upper guide hole, and conversely, the Y-axis guide rod 62 can move.

The guide plate 61 has a central hole at the center thereof, and the guide sleeve 611 is mounted on the central hole by a bolt to realize a detachable mounting structure.

In order to further improve the convenience of use, the horizontal numerical control milling and drilling machine further comprises a tool magazine 5, and the tool magazine 5 comprises a tool rest 51, a tool holder 53 and a tool setting gauge 54.

The tool rest 51 is detachably arranged on the positioning table 33; the tool holder 53 has a plurality and is arranged on the tool holder 51 along the X-axis; the tool setting gauge 54 is arranged on the extension 52 below the tool holder 51. When various types of machining tools are clamped on the tool holders 53 and tool changing is needed, the multi-shaft sliding table 12 drives the horizontal main shaft 11 to move towards the tool magazine 5, and the tool changing operation is performed by enabling the main shaft 112 to accurately correspond to the tool magazine 5 through the tool setting gauge 54.

The tool holder 51 has a plurality of connecting holes 511, and the connecting holes 511 can be abutted with positioning holes 3311 on the positioning table 33, and the fixing on the positioning table 33 is realized after bolts 514 are penetrated. When extra-large plate is processed, the problem that influences the plate and put exists in this tool magazine 5, under this condition, can unscrew the bolt 514 that locks knife rest 51, with tool magazine 5 from locating bench 33 can, install tool magazine 5 again on locating bench 33 after the plate processing is accomplished, have the characteristics that the flexibility of use is high.

In order to improve the convenience of installing the tool magazine 5, the positioning table 33 and the tool rest 51 are provided with the calibration holes 512, when the tool magazine 5 is installed, the calibration holes 512 on the tool rest 51 are in butt joint with the calibration holes on the positioning table 33, then the tool rest 51 can be initially positioned by directly inserting the positioning pin 513, and then the bolts 514 for locking the tool rest 51 are screwed into the connecting holes 511 in sequence.

The tool holder 53 is a rubber clamp, the lower side part is fixed on the front side wall of the tool holder 51 through a bolt, an elastic clamping groove 531 with an upward opening is arranged on the upper side part of the tool holder 53, and the elastic clamping groove 531 is used for allowing a tool to enter or move out in a deformation mode, so that the tool holder has the characteristics of simple structure and low cost.

The inner wall of the elastic clamping groove 531 is provided with a positioning rib 532 for axially positioning the tool, and the positioning rib protrudes out of the inner wall of the elastic clamping groove 531 and can enter into a groove on the outer side wall of the tool to axially position the tool positioned on the tool holder 53; secondly, the elastic rib 532 can also play a role of a reinforcing rib so as to improve the structural strength and stability of the groove wall of the elastic clamping groove 531, and further improve the stability of positioning the cutter.

Unless specifically stated otherwise, in the present utility model, if there are terms such as "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., the positional or positional relationship indicated on the drawings are merely for convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and not for indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore, the terms describing the positional or positional relationship in the present utility model are merely for exemplary illustration and not to be construed as limitations of the present patent, and it is possible for those skilled in the art to combine the drawings and understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to circumstances.

Unless specifically stated or limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "connected," and "connected" herein are to be construed broadly, e.g., they may be fixed, removable, or integral; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, and the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited to the above examples, and all technical solutions belonging to the concept of the present utility model belong to the protection scope of the present utility model. It should be noted that modifications and adaptations to the present utility model may occur to one skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present utility model and are intended to be within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A deep hole processing positioning structure of a horizontal numerical control drilling and milling machine is characterized in that: comprises a guide plate, a Y-axis guide rod and a Z-axis guide rod;

2. The deep hole machining positioning structure of the horizontal numerical control drilling and milling machine, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the main shaft mechanism of the numerical control milling and drilling machine is provided with a horizontal main shaft, and the horizontal main shaft comprises a main shaft frame, a main shaft which is arranged on the main shaft frame and extends in the same direction with the Z-axis guide rod, a motor for driving the main shaft to rotate and a main shaft box which is positioned outside the main shaft and the main shaft frame;

3. The deep hole machining positioning structure of the horizontal numerical control drilling and milling machine, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the sliding block is provided with an upper guide hole for the Y-axis guide rod to be matched with, the front side wall of the sliding block is provided with a threaded hole communicated with the upper guide hole, and the threaded hole is internally provided with a positioning bolt.

4. The deep hole machining positioning structure of the horizontal numerical control drilling and milling machine, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the center of the guide plate is provided with a center hole, and the guide sleeve is assembled on the center hole through a bolt.

5. The deep hole machining positioning structure of the horizontal numerical control drilling and milling machine, according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the headstock has a space capable of accommodating the Z-axis guide bar.