CN220079147U - Device for fast solid-liquid separation and enrichment of rare earth precipitate - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a device for rapidly separating solid from liquid and enriching rare earth precipitates, which comprises a mother liquor hydrolysis tank, a separation and enrichment integrated tank and a back flush liquid storage tank; the outlet end of the mother liquor hydrolysis tank is connected with a separation and enrichment integrated tank, the mother liquor hydrolysis tank is used for generating hydrolysis liquor by the reaction of rare earth mother liquor and a precipitator, the separation and enrichment integrated tank comprises a solid-liquid separation section and a concentration and enrichment section which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the solid-liquid separation section comprises a ceramic membrane plate and an aeration mechanism positioned below the ceramic membrane plate, the ceramic membrane plate is used for separating the hydrolysis liquor to obtain permeate and precipitate, the concentration and enrichment section is used for enriching the precipitate, and the backwashing liquid storage tank is circularly connected with the solid-liquid separation section and is used for backwashing the ceramic membrane plate. The utility model does not need a standing process, saves time, improves productivity, and realizes continuous automation of mother liquor hydrolysis, solid-liquid separation and permeate cyclic utilization.

Description

Device for fast solid-liquid separation and enrichment of rare earth precipitate

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of rare earth hydrometallurgy, and relates to a device for rapidly separating solid from liquid and enriching rare earth precipitate.

Background

Leaching of rare earths from ionic rare earth ores is often performed with chemically active cations, such as Na ⁺ 、Mg ²⁺ 、Ca ²⁺ 、NH ⁴⁺ And the like as mineral leaching agents. However, the use of ammonium salt leaching agents in large quantities is liable to cause eutrophication pollution of rare earth mines and surrounding water bodies, and therefore, ammonium-free leaching agents such as magnesium sulfate and the like have been studied and used to obtain a large amount of ammonium-free rare earth mother liquor.

Magnesium oxide powder is usually added in the rare earth mother liquor in a rare earth precipitation mode, and filtering facilities such as a belt filter, a centrifuge, a plate-and-frame filter press and the like are adopted for filtering rare earth precipitates. However, the existing filtering facilities have the following problems: the sediment can be pumped into the filtering facility after the clarified liquid is discharged through siphoning after the sediment is settled for a long time and layered before the filtration, the whole process is intermittent clarification, the liquid treatment amount is large, a large number of transfer tanks are needed, the operation is complex, the time is long, and the productivity is greatly reduced. In addition, the filter screen of the filter press has larger pores, and liquid leakage exists in the initial stage of the filter press, so that part of the rare earth hydroxide can be lost from the filter screen, and the recovery rate of the rare earth is reduced.

At present, the industrial filtration is not fully automatic, and considerable labor cost is required, so that the method is not suitable for separating continuous sediment on a large scale. Therefore, aiming at the problems of the traditional precipitation-standing-filtration process of the rare earth mother liquor, the optimization method of the process needs to be researched and solved.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a device for rapidly separating solid from liquid and enriching rare earth precipitates, which adopts a precipitant to hydrolyze rare earth mother liquor, and can realize continuous precipitation, solid-liquid separation and rare earth precipitation enrichment of the rare earth mother liquor in production; meanwhile, the mother solution is filtered to obtain filtrate, and the filtrate can be directly used for the next mineral leaching process, and the rare earth hydroxide precipitation is continuously enriched to form high-concentration slurry and then discharged; the whole process cuts down the standing process, saves a large amount of time, improves the productivity, meets the requirements of matched filtering facilities, and realizes continuous automation of mother liquor hydrolysis, solid-liquid separation and permeate cyclic utilization.

To achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a device for rapidly separating and enriching rare earth precipitates in solid-liquid mode, which comprises a mother liquor hydrolysis tank, a separation and enrichment integrated tank and a back flushing liquid storage tank, wherein the mother liquor hydrolysis tank is arranged on the back flushing liquid storage tank;

the outlet end of the mother liquor hydrolysis tank is connected with the separation and enrichment integrated tank, the mother liquor hydrolysis tank is used for generating hydrolysis liquor by the reaction of rare earth mother liquor and precipitant, the separation and enrichment integrated tank comprises a solid-liquid separation section and a concentration enrichment section which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the solid-liquid separation section comprises a ceramic membrane plate and an aeration mechanism positioned below the ceramic membrane plate, the ceramic membrane plate is used for separating the hydrolysis liquor from the solid-liquid to obtain permeate liquor and precipitate, the concentration enrichment section is used for enriching the precipitate, and the backwash liquid storage tank is circularly connected with the solid-liquid separation section and is used for carrying out backwash on the ceramic membrane plate.

In the device for rapidly separating solid from liquid and enriching rare earth precipitate, rare earth mother liquor and a precipitator are filled into a mother liquor hydrolysis tank, so that rare earth is rapidly hydrolyzed into solid particles, and hydrolysate is continuously conveyed into a separation and enrichment integrated tank; the hydrolysate is subjected to solid-liquid separation by a ceramic membrane plate, and the precipitate is continuously enriched by a concentration enrichment section to form high-concentration slurry, so that intermittent or continuous discharge can be realized, and the separation enrichment efficiency is improved; the permeate liquid flowing out of the ceramic membrane plate flows into the back flushing liquid storage tank, and the rest of the permeate liquid can directly flow into the next mineral leaching process, so that the cyclic utilization of the permeate liquid is realized; the whole process is short in time consumption and high in efficiency, full automation can be realized, all processes are continuous operation, and the productivity is greatly improved.

As a preferable technical scheme of the utility model, the device for rapidly separating solid from liquid and enriching rare earth precipitate further comprises a first pipe network, a second pipe network and a third pipe network.

The inlet end of the solid-liquid separation section is connected with the outlet end of the mother liquor hydrolysis tank through the first pipe network, the outlet end of the solid-liquid separation section is circularly connected with the back flushing liquid storage tank through the second pipe network, and the concentration and enrichment section is communicated with the outside through the third pipe network.

As a preferable technical scheme of the utility model, the first pipe network comprises a discharging pipeline, a first driving pump and a feeding pipeline which are sequentially connected along the flowing direction of the hydrolysate, wherein an inlet of the discharging pipeline is connected with the mother liquor hydrolysis tank, and an outlet of the feeding pipeline is connected with the solid-liquid separation section.

And a stirring assembly is further arranged in the mother liquor hydrolysis tank and is used for stirring the mixed rare earth mother liquor and the precipitant.

The mother liquor hydrolysis tank is provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet, rare earth mother liquor and a precipitator are added through the feed inlet, the rare earth mother liquor and the precipitator are uniformly mixed under the action of a stirring assembly, so that rare earth is hydrolyzed and precipitated, hydrolysate is discharged into a discharge pipeline from the discharge outlet, enters the feed pipeline under the suction action of a first driving pump, and is conveyed into a separation and enrichment integrated tank for separation of the hydrolysate.

As a preferable technical scheme of the utility model, the second pipe network comprises a connecting pipeline, a first liquid outlet pipeline, a second driving pump, a second liquid outlet pipeline, a first backflushing pipeline, a second backflushing pipeline, a third driving pump and a third backflushing pipeline, wherein the connecting pipeline, the first liquid outlet pipeline, the second driving pump, the second liquid outlet pipeline, the first backflushing pipeline, the backflushing liquid storage tank, the second backflushing pipeline, the third driving pump and the third backflushing pipeline are sequentially connected and form a circulation loop.

The bottom of ceramic lamina membranacea is provided with the drain pipe, the drain pipe intercommunication connecting tube, the permeate after ceramic lamina membranacea solid-liquid separation by the drain pipe flows through connecting tube, first drain pipe, second actuating pump, second drain pipe, first backflushing pipeline, backflushing reservoir, second backflushing pipeline, third actuating pump and third backflushing pipeline in proper order, and the backward flow is to connecting tube is right ceramic lamina membranacea carries out the backflushing.

The ceramic membrane plate can intercept solid particles with the diameter larger than 0.1 mu m in the hydrolysate, permeate liquid penetrating the ceramic membrane plate is obtained after interception, then flows into the liquid discharge pipeline, flows into the connecting pipeline, sequentially passes through the first liquid discharge pipeline, the second driving pump, the second liquid discharge pipeline and the first backflushing pipeline, then enters the backflushing liquid storage tank for storage, and when backflushing is needed, the permeate liquid in the backflushing liquid storage tank flows back into the connecting pipeline through the second backflushing pipeline, the third driving pump and the third backflushing pipeline, and backflushes the ceramic membrane plate after entering the liquid discharge pipeline, so that particles adhered on the surface of the ceramic membrane are removed.

As a preferable technical scheme of the utility model, two ends of the connecting pipeline are respectively provided with a first interface and a second interface, the first interface is used for connecting the connecting pipeline with a liquid discharge pipeline, and the second interface is used for communicating the connecting pipeline with the first liquid discharge pipeline or communicating the connecting pipeline with a third flushing pipeline.

As a preferable technical scheme of the utility model, the second pipe network further comprises a third liquid outlet pipeline, one end of the third liquid outlet pipeline is connected to the joint of the second liquid outlet pipeline and the first backflushing pipeline through a three-way adjusting component, the other end of the third liquid outlet pipeline is communicated with the outside, and the three-way adjusting component is used for communicating the second liquid outlet pipeline with the first backflushing pipeline or is used for communicating the second liquid outlet pipeline with the third liquid outlet pipeline.

In the utility model, the permeate liquid in the second liquid outlet pipeline can be discharged in two ways, and when the three-way adjusting component is communicated with the second liquid outlet pipeline and the first backflushing pipeline, the permeate liquid is sent into the backflushing liquid storage tank for storage; when the three-way adjusting component is communicated with the second liquid outlet pipeline and the third liquid outlet pipeline, the penetrating fluid is discharged into the next ore leaching process outside the device.

As a preferable technical scheme of the utility model, the device for rapidly separating solid from liquid and enriching rare earth precipitate further comprises an equipment box, and the second driving pump and the third driving pump are fixed in the equipment box. The second driving pump is used for sucking and separating the permeate liquid after solid-liquid separation in the integrated tank, and the third driving pump is used for sending the permeate liquid of the backwashing liquid storage tank into the ceramic membrane plate to backwash the ceramic membrane holes, so that the clogging of the membrane holes is avoided.

And two ends of the connecting pipeline extend into the separation and enrichment integrated tank and the equipment box respectively.

In the utility model, one end of the connecting pipeline extending into the separation and enrichment integrated groove is connected with the liquid discharge pipeline through the first interface, and one end of the connecting pipeline extending into the equipment box is respectively connected with the first liquid outlet pipeline and the third backflushing pipeline through the second interface.

And a main control room and a switch control valve which are electrically connected are also arranged in the equipment box. The on-off control valve is used for automatically opening or closing the solution under the program setting of the control room of the main control room, and the main control room is used for controlling the opening and the lighting of the pump and the electromagnetic valve, regulating the flow or the program setting, and the like.

The first liquid outlet pipeline and the third backflushing pipeline are respectively provided with a first electromagnetic valve and a second electromagnetic valve, and the main control room is independently and electrically connected with the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve.

The second liquid outlet pipeline and the third backflushing pipeline are respectively provided with a first flowmeter and a second flowmeter, and the main control room is independently and electrically connected with the first flowmeter and the second flowmeter.

The back flush liquid storage tank is internally provided with a liquid level detection assembly, the liquid level detection assembly is electrically connected with the main control room, and the liquid level detection assembly is used for monitoring the liquid level of the penetrating liquid in the back flush liquid storage tank.

The back flushing liquid storage tank is a storage tank of the permeate liquid, the stored permeate liquid is used for back flushing a ceramic membrane plate, a liquid level detection assembly is used for monitoring the liquid level of the permeate liquid, when the liquid level reaches a set value, the permeate liquid stops flowing into the back flushing liquid storage tank, and the permeate liquid is discharged to the next working procedure as mineral leaching liquid.

As a preferable technical scheme of the utility model, the aeration mechanism comprises an aeration steel pipe and an aeration driving pump which are connected with each other, wherein the aeration steel pipe is distributed below the ceramic membrane plate, the aeration driving pump is fixed in the equipment box, and the aeration driving pump is used for driving the aeration steel pipe to perform aeration towards one side close to the ceramic membrane plate.

As a preferable technical scheme of the utility model, the third pipe network comprises a slurry discharge pipeline and a slurry pumping driving pump, the concentration and enrichment section is of an inverted cone structure, a slurry outlet is formed in the bottom of the concentration and enrichment section, one end of the slurry discharge pipeline is connected with the slurry outlet, the other end of the slurry discharge pipeline is connected with the slurry pumping driving pump, and the slurry pumping driving pump is used for pumping sediment in the concentration and enrichment section and discharging the sediment from the slurry outlet into the slurry discharge pipeline.

As a preferable technical scheme of the utility model, a grid column and a supporting frame are also arranged between the solid-liquid separation section and the concentration and enrichment section, the supporting frame is fixed on the inner cavity wall of the separation and enrichment integrated groove, and the supporting frame is used for supporting the grid column. During aeration, the grid bars can greatly slow down the disturbance of the liquid in the solid-liquid separation section on the thick slurry in the concentration and enrichment section.

In order to help the person skilled in the art to better understand the overall technical scheme and working process of the present utility model, the present utility model provides the following methods for using the device for fast solid-liquid separation and enrichment of rare earth precipitate, which specifically comprises the following steps:

step one: adding rare earth mother solution and MgO solution from a feed inlet of a mother solution hydrolysis tank, and uniformly mixing by using a stirring assembly to enable rare earth in the rare earth mother solution to react with MgO to generate hydrolysis solution;

step two: the hydrolysate flows into a separation and enrichment integrated tank, the ceramic membrane plate sucks the hydrolysate under the action of a second driving pump, particulate ceramic membrane plates in the hydrolysate are intercepted and adhered to the surface of the ceramic membrane, the particulate matters adhered to the surface of the ceramic membrane continuously fall off under the continuous action of aeration, and the precipitate is enriched into a concentration and enrichment section, and finally the concentrated solution is discharged from a slurry outlet under the action of a slurry sucking driving pump;

step three: the filtrate of the hydrolysate passing through the ceramic membrane plate is permeate, a first electromagnetic valve on a first liquid outlet pipeline is opened to enable the permeate to flow, a three-way adjusting assembly is used for communicating a second liquid outlet pipeline with a first backflushing pipeline to discharge a small amount of permeate to a backflushing liquid storage tank, when a liquid level detecting assembly in the backflushing liquid storage tank reaches a preset value, the three-way adjusting assembly is switched to communicate the second liquid outlet pipeline with a third liquid outlet pipeline to stop the permeate from flowing into the backflushing liquid storage tank, and the permeate is discharged from the third liquid outlet pipeline to the next mineral leaching process;

step four: when the flow rate of the permeate liquid of the ceramic membrane plate in unit time is reduced greatly, under the regulation and control of the main control room, the second driving pump and the first electromagnetic valve on the first liquid outlet pipeline are automatically closed, so that the permeate liquid is not discharged any more, the third driving pump and the second electromagnetic valve on the third backflushing pipeline are opened, and the permeate liquid in the backflushing liquid storage tank is fed into the ceramic membrane plate for backflushing, so that the ceramic membrane holes are dredged;

step five: after the back flushing is finished, the third driving pump and the second electromagnetic valve are automatically closed and opened, and the second driving pump and the first electromagnetic valve are simultaneously opened, at the moment, the liquid level of the penetrating fluid in the back flushing liquid storage tank is reduced, and the operation of the third to fifth steps is repeated.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:

(1) The device for rapidly separating and enriching rare earth precipitates provided by the utility model has the advantages that rare earth mother liquor and MgO precipitant react in the mother liquor hydrolysis tank to rapidly hydrolyze rare earth into solid particles, the hydrolysis liquid is continuously conveyed into the separation and enrichment integrated tank, the ceramic membrane is utilized to continuously perform solid-liquid separation, and the precipitates are enriched to the concentration and enrichment section, so that intermittent or continuous discharge of precipitation slurry can be realized, and the solid-liquid separation and precipitation and enrichment efficiency of the whole device is improved;

(2) According to the utility model, by utilizing aeration at the bottom of the ceramic membrane plate and reverse cleaning of the ceramic membrane plate, precipitates adhered on the surface of the ceramic membrane in solid-liquid separation can be quickly cleaned, the cleaning times after the ceramic membrane is disassembled are greatly reduced, the solid-liquid separation efficiency is improved, and the precondition of full automation is realized;

(3) According to the utility model, part of the permeate liquid flowing out of the ceramic membrane plate is conveyed into the back flushing liquid storage tank, and the rest of the permeate liquid can directly flow into the next mineral leaching process, so that the cyclic utilization of the permeate liquid is realized, the hydrolysis from the mother liquid, the rapid solid-liquid separation and the cyclic utilization of the permeate liquid are realized, the whole process is short in time consumption and high in efficiency, full automation can be realized, and all the processes are continuous and continuous operation, so that the productivity is greatly improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for rapid solid-liquid separation and enrichment of rare earth precipitates according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a top view of an apparatus for rapid solid-liquid separation and enrichment of rare earth precipitates according to one embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a solid-liquid separation section in a separation and enrichment integrated tank according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing connection between a mother liquor hydrolysis tank and a separation and enrichment integrated tank according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a first pipe network according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of the connection of a backwash reservoir to an equipment tank according to one embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a second pipe network in an equipment cabinet according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

Wherein, 1-a mother liquor hydrolysis tank; 10-a feed inlet; 11-a discharge hole; 12-a stirring assembly; 13-a first drive pump; 2-a separation and enrichment integrated tank; 21-a ceramic membrane plate; 22-a membrane plate support; 23-grid columns; 231-a support frame; 25-aerating steel pipes; 26-concentrating and enriching section; 27-a slurry outlet; 28-a slurry discharge pipeline; 29-pumping a slurry to drive a pump; 3-equipment box; 31-a second drive pump; 32-a third drive pump; 33-aeration driving pump; 34-switching the control valve; 35-a master control room; 4-back flushing the liquid storage tank; 40-liquid inlet; 41-a liquid outlet; 42-a liquid level detection assembly;

510, a feeding pipeline; 511-a discharge conduit; 520-a feed line; 521-a liquid discharge pipe; 522-first interface; 523-connecting pipeline; 524-a second interface; 530-a first liquid outlet pipe; 531-first solenoid valve; 532-a second outlet conduit; 533-first flow meter; 534-a three-way adjustment assembly; 535-a first backflush conduit; 536-a third outlet conduit; 541-a second backflushing conduit; 542-third backflush pipeline; 543-second flowmeter; 544-a second solenoid valve.

Detailed Description

It is to be understood that in the description of the present utility model, the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus are not to be construed as limiting the present utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first", "a second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

It should be noted that, in the description of the present utility model, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific case.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present utility model necessarily includes the necessary piping, conventional valves and general pumping equipment for achieving process integrity, but the foregoing is not a major innovation of the present utility model, and that the present utility model is not particularly limited and requires no additional layout by the skilled artisan based on process flow and equipment configuration options.

The technical scheme of the utility model is further described below by the specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In one embodiment, the utility model provides a device for rapidly separating solid from liquid and enriching rare earth precipitate, which is shown in fig. 1 and 2 and comprises a mother liquor hydrolysis tank 1, a separation and enrichment integrated tank 2 and a back flushing liquid storage tank 4. The device for rapidly separating and enriching rare earth precipitate comprises a first pipe network, a second pipe network and a third pipe network. The inlet end of the solid-liquid separation section is connected with the outlet end of the mother liquor hydrolysis tank 1 through the first pipe network, the outlet end of the solid-liquid separation section is circularly connected with the backwash liquid storage tank 4 through the second pipe network, and the concentration and enrichment section 26 is communicated with the outside through the third pipe network. The outlet end of the mother liquor hydrolysis tank 1 is connected with the separation and enrichment integrated tank 2, and the mother liquor hydrolysis tank 1 is used for generating hydrolysis liquid by the reaction of rare earth mother liquor and precipitant.

As shown in fig. 3 and fig. 4, the separation and enrichment integrated tank 2 comprises a solid-liquid separation section and a concentration and enrichment section 26 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the solid-liquid separation section comprises a ceramic membrane plate 21 and an aeration mechanism positioned below the ceramic membrane plate 21, the ceramic membrane plate 21 is used for solid-liquid separation of hydrolysate to obtain permeate and precipitate, and the aeration mechanism is used for aerating towards the direction of the ceramic membrane plate 21 to prevent the precipitate from adhering to the surface of the ceramic membrane. The concentration and enrichment section 26 is used for enriching sediment, and the back flushing liquid storage tank 4 is circularly connected with the solid-liquid separation section and is used for back flushing the ceramic membrane plate 21. The inner cavity wall of the separation and enrichment integrated tank 2 is provided with a membrane plate bracket 22, and the membrane plate bracket 22 is used for fixing the ceramic membrane plate 21.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 5, the first pipe network includes a discharge pipe 511, a first driving pump 13 and a feed pipe 520 sequentially connected along the flowing direction of the hydrolysis liquid, an inlet of the discharge pipe 511 is connected to the mother liquor hydrolysis tank 1, and an outlet of the feed pipe 520 is connected to the solid-liquid separation section. And a stirring assembly 12 is further arranged in the mother liquor hydrolysis tank 1, and the stirring assembly 12 is used for stirring the mixed rare earth mother liquor and the precipitant. The mother liquor hydrolysis tank 1 is provided with a feed inlet 10 and a discharge outlet 11, the feed inlet 10 is connected with a feeding pipeline 510, and the feeding pipeline 510 is used for feeding rare earth mother liquor and precipitant into the mother liquor hydrolysis tank 1 through the feed inlet 10. The rare earth mother liquor and the precipitant are uniformly mixed under the action of the stirring component 12, so that rare earth is hydrolyzed and precipitated, the hydrolyzed solution is discharged into the discharge pipeline 511 from the discharge port 11, enters the feed pipeline 520 under the suction action of the first driving pump 13, and is conveyed into the separation and enrichment integrated tank 2 for separation of the hydrolyzed solution. The stirring assembly 12 may employ a stirring paddle or a static mixer extending from the top of the mother liquor hydrolysis tank 1.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the second pipe network includes a connection pipe 523, a first liquid outlet pipe 530, a second driving pump 31, a second liquid outlet pipe 532, a first back flushing pipe 535, a second back flushing pipe 541, a third driving pump 32, and a third back flushing pipe 542, and the connection pipe 523, the first liquid outlet pipe 530, the second driving pump 31, the second liquid outlet pipe 532, the first back flushing pipe 535, the back flushing liquid reservoir 4, the second back flushing pipe 541, the third driving pump 32, and the third back flushing pipe 542 are sequentially connected and form a circulation loop. The top of the back flushing liquid storage tank 4 is provided with a liquid inlet 40, the bottom is provided with a liquid outlet 41, the liquid inlet 40 is connected with a first back flushing pipeline 535, and the liquid outlet 41 is connected with a second back flushing pipeline 541. The bottom of the ceramic membrane plate 21 is provided with a drain pipe 521, the drain pipe 521 is communicated with the connection pipe 523, and the permeate liquid after the solid-liquid separation of the ceramic membrane plate 21 flows through the connection pipe 523, the first liquid outlet pipe 530, the second driving pump 31, the second liquid outlet pipe 532, the first backflushing pipe 535, the backflushing liquid storage tank 4, the second backflushing pipe 541, the third driving pump 32 and the third backflushing pipe 542 sequentially from the drain pipe 521, and flows back to the connection pipe 523 to backflush the ceramic membrane plate 21. The two ends of the connecting pipe 523 are respectively provided with a first interface 522 and a second interface 524, the first interface 522 is used for connecting the connecting pipe 523 with the liquid discharge pipe 521, and the second interface 524 is used for communicating the connecting pipe 523 with the first liquid discharge pipe 530 or communicating the connecting pipe 523 with the third reflection pipe 542. The ceramic membrane plate 21 in the utility model can intercept solid particles with the diameter larger than 0.1 mu m in the hydrolysate, the intercepted permeate liquid is obtained, the permeate liquid passes through the ceramic membrane plate 21 and enters the liquid discharge pipeline 521, then flows into the connecting pipeline 523, sequentially passes through the first liquid discharge pipeline 530, the second driving pump 31, the second liquid discharge pipeline 532 and the first backflushing pipeline 535, then enters the backflushing liquid storage tank 4 for storage, and when backflushing is needed, the permeate liquid in the backflushing liquid storage tank 4 flows back into the connecting pipeline 523 through the second backflushing pipeline 541, the third driving pump 32 and the third backflushing pipeline 542, and enters the liquid discharge pipeline 521 to backflush the ceramic membrane plate 21, so that particles adhered on the surface of the ceramic membrane are removed.

As shown in fig. 7, the second pipe network further includes a third liquid outlet pipe 536, one end of the third liquid outlet pipe 536 is connected to the connection between the second liquid outlet pipe 532 and the first back flushing pipe 535 through a three-way adjusting assembly 534, the other end of the third liquid outlet pipe 536 is communicated with the outside, and the three-way adjusting assembly 534 is used for communicating the second liquid outlet pipe 532 with the first back flushing pipe 535 or is used for communicating the second liquid outlet pipe 532 with the third liquid outlet pipe 536. In the utility model, the permeate in the second liquid outlet pipe 532 can be discharged in two ways, and when the three-way regulating component 534 is communicated with the second liquid outlet pipe 532 and the first backflushing pipe 535, the permeate is sent into the backflushing liquid storage tank 4 for storage; when the three-way regulator assembly 534 communicates the second and third outlet conduits 532, 536, the permeate is discharged to the next leaching process located outside the apparatus. The structure of the three-way regulator 534 is not particularly limited in the present utility model, and any regulator that can switch the communication between the second liquid outlet pipe 532 and the third liquid outlet pipe 536, or between the second liquid outlet pipe 532 and the first back flushing pipe 535, can be used in the present utility model. To aid one skilled in the art in better understanding the overall solution and operation of the present utility model, the present utility model illustratively provides the following structure for the three-way adjustment assembly 534:

the three-way adjusting assembly 534 comprises a three-way pipeline, a first adjusting valve and a second adjusting valve, wherein three interfaces are formed in the three-way pipeline, the three structures are respectively connected with a first back flushing pipeline 535, a second liquid outlet pipeline 532 and a third liquid outlet pipeline 536, the first adjusting valve is arranged between the first back flushing pipeline 535 and the second liquid outlet pipeline 532, and the second adjusting valve is arranged between the second liquid outlet pipeline 532 and the third liquid outlet pipeline 536; opening the first regulator valve such that the first backwash conduit 535 communicates with the second effluent conduit 532 to deliver permeate into the backwash reservoir 4 for storage; the first regulating valve is closed and the second regulating valve is opened so that the second liquid outlet pipe 532 communicates with the third liquid outlet pipe 536 to discharge the permeate to the next leaching process located outside the apparatus. The first regulating valve and the second regulating valve can adopt an electric valve or an electromagnetic valve, and can be regulated and controlled through a control program to realize automatic opening and closing.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the apparatus for rapid solid-liquid separation and concentration of rare earth precipitate further comprises an equipment box 3, and the second driving pump 31 and the third driving pump 32 are fixed in the equipment box 3. The second driving pump 31 is used for sucking and separating the permeate liquid after solid-liquid separation in the integrated tank 2, and the third driving pump 32 is used for sending the permeate liquid of the backwashing liquid storage tank 4 into the ceramic membrane plate 21 to backwash the ceramic membrane holes, so that the clogging of the membrane holes is avoided. The two ends of the connecting pipe 523 extend into the separation and enrichment integrated tank 2 and the equipment box 3 respectively, one end of the connecting pipe 523 extending into the separation and enrichment integrated tank 2 is connected with the liquid discharge pipe 521 through the first interface 522, and one end of the connecting pipe 523 extending into the equipment box 3 is connected with the first liquid outlet pipe 530 and the third flushing pipe 542 through the second interface 524 respectively.

As shown in fig. 6, a main control chamber 35 and a switch control valve 34 that are electrically connected are further disposed in the equipment box 3. The master control room 35 is a frequency conversion central control room, the on-off control valve 34 is used for automatically opening or closing the solution under the program setting of the master control room 35, and the master control room 35 is used for controlling the opening and the lighting of the pump and the electromagnetic valve, regulating the flow or the program setting, and the like. The first liquid outlet pipe 530 and the third flushing pipe 542 are respectively provided with a first electromagnetic valve 531 and a second electromagnetic valve 544, and the main control chamber 35 is electrically connected with the first electromagnetic valve 531 and the second electromagnetic valve 544 independently. The second liquid outlet pipe 532 and the third flushing pipe 542 are further provided with a first flowmeter 533 and a second flowmeter 543, respectively, and the main control room 35 is electrically connected to the first flowmeter 533 and the second flowmeter 543 independently. A liquid level detection assembly 42 is arranged in the backwash liquid storage tank 4, the liquid level detection assembly 42 is electrically connected with the main control chamber 35, and the liquid level detection assembly 42 is used for monitoring the liquid level of the permeate liquid in the backwash liquid storage tank 4. The backwash liquid storage tank 4 is a storage tank of permeate liquid, the stored permeate liquid is used for backwashing the ceramic membrane plate 21, a liquid level detection assembly 42 is adopted for monitoring the liquid level of the permeate liquid, when the liquid level reaches a set value, the permeate liquid stops flowing into the backwash liquid storage tank, and the permeate liquid is discharged to the next working procedure as mineral leaching liquid.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the aeration mechanism of the present utility model includes an aeration steel pipe 25 and an aeration driving pump 33 connected to each other, the aeration steel pipe 25 is distributed below the ceramic membrane plate 21, the aeration driving pump 33 is fixed in the equipment box 3, and the aeration driving pump 33 is used for driving the aeration steel pipe 25 to perform aeration towards a side close to the ceramic membrane plate 21. A grid column 23 and a supporting frame 231 are further arranged between the solid-liquid separation section and the concentration and enrichment section 26, the supporting frame 231 is fixed on the inner cavity wall of the separation and enrichment integrated tank 2, and the supporting frame 231 is used for supporting the grid column 23. During aeration, the grid bars 23 can greatly slow down the disturbance of the liquid in the solid-liquid separation section on the thick slurry in the concentration and enrichment section 26.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 5, the third pipe network includes a slurry discharging pipe 28 and a slurry pumping driving pump 29, the concentrating and enriching section 26 has an inverted cone structure, a slurry outlet 27 is formed at the bottom of the concentrating and enriching section 26, one end of the slurry discharging pipe 28 is connected to the slurry outlet 27, the other end is connected to the slurry pumping driving pump 29, and the slurry pumping driving pump 29 is used for pumping the precipitate in the concentrating and enriching section 26, and discharging the precipitate from the slurry outlet 27 into the slurry discharging pipe 28.

In order to help the person skilled in the art to better understand the overall technical scheme and working process of the present utility model, the present utility model provides the following methods for using the device for fast solid-liquid separation and enrichment of rare earth precipitate, which specifically comprises the following steps:

step one: adding rare earth mother liquor and MgO solution from a feed inlet 10 of a mother liquor hydrolysis tank 1, and uniformly mixing by using a stirring assembly 12 to enable rare earth in the rare earth mother liquor to react with MgO to generate hydrolysis liquor;

step two: the hydrolysate flows into the separation and enrichment integrated tank 2, the ceramic membrane plate 21 sucks the hydrolysate under the action of the second driving pump 31, the particulate ceramic membrane plate 21 in the hydrolysate is intercepted and adhered to the surface of the ceramic membrane, the particulate matters adhered to the surface of the ceramic membrane continuously fall off under the continuous action of aeration, the precipitate is enriched into the concentration and enrichment section 26, and finally the precipitate is discharged from the slurry outlet 27 under the action of the slurry sucking driving pump 29;

step three: the filtrate of the hydrolysate passing through the ceramic membrane plate 21 is permeate, a first electromagnetic valve 531 on a first liquid outlet pipeline 530 is opened to enable the permeate to flow, a three-way adjusting assembly 534 is used for communicating a second liquid outlet pipeline 532 with a first backflushing pipeline 535 to discharge a small amount of permeate to a backflushing liquid storage tank 4, when a liquid level detecting assembly 42 in the backflushing liquid storage tank 4 reaches a preset value, the three-way adjusting assembly 534 is switched to communicate the second liquid outlet pipeline 532 with a third liquid outlet pipeline 536 to stop the permeate from flowing into the backflushing liquid storage tank 4, and the permeate is discharged from the third liquid outlet pipeline 536 to the next mineral leaching process;

step four: when the flow rate of the permeate liquid of the ceramic membrane plate 21 in unit time is reduced greatly, under the regulation and control of the main control chamber 35, the first electromagnetic valve 531 on the second driving pump 31 and the first liquid outlet pipeline 530 is automatically closed, so that the permeate liquid is not discharged any more, and the second electromagnetic valve 544 on the third driving pump 32 and the third flushing pipeline 542 is opened, and the permeate liquid in the backwashing liquid storage tank 4 is fed into the ceramic membrane plate 21 for backwashing, so that the ceramic membrane holes are dredged;

step five: after the back flushing is finished, the third driving pump 32 and the second electromagnetic valve 544 are automatically closed and opened, and the second driving pump 31 and the first electromagnetic valve 531 are simultaneously opened, at this time, the liquid level of the permeate in the back flushing liquid storage tank 4 is reduced, and the operations of the steps three to five are repeated.

The device for rapidly separating solid from liquid and enriching rare earth precipitate provided by the utility model is characterized in that rare earth mother liquor and MgO precipitant react in a mother liquor hydrolysis tank 1 to rapidly hydrolyze rare earth into solid particles, hydrolysis liquid is continuously conveyed into a separation and enrichment integrated tank 2, solid-liquid separation can be continuously carried out by utilizing a ceramic membrane, precipitate is enriched into a concentration and enrichment section 26 to carry out cyclic utilization of penetrating fluid, and the whole process is time-consuming and short in efficiency, full automation can be realized, all processes are continuous and continuous operation, and productivity is greatly improved.

The applicant declares that the above is only a specific embodiment of the present utility model, but the scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto, and it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that any changes or substitutions that are easily conceivable within the technical scope of the present utility model disclosed by the present utility model fall within the scope of the present utility model and the disclosure.

Claims (10)

1. The device for rapidly separating and enriching the rare earth precipitate is characterized by comprising a mother liquor hydrolysis tank, a separation and enrichment integrated tank and a back flushing liquid storage tank;

the outlet end of the mother liquor hydrolysis tank is connected with the separation and enrichment integrated tank, the mother liquor hydrolysis tank is used for generating hydrolysis liquor by the reaction of rare earth mother liquor and precipitant, the separation and enrichment integrated tank comprises a solid-liquid separation section and a concentration enrichment section which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the solid-liquid separation section comprises a ceramic membrane plate and an aeration mechanism positioned below the ceramic membrane plate, the ceramic membrane plate is used for separating the hydrolysis liquor from the solid-liquid to obtain permeate liquor and precipitate, the concentration enrichment section is used for enriching the precipitate, and the backwash liquid storage tank is circularly connected with the solid-liquid separation section and is used for carrying out backwash on the ceramic membrane plate.

2. The apparatus for rapid solid-liquid separation and concentration of rare earth precipitate according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus for rapid solid-liquid separation and concentration of rare earth precipitate further comprises a first pipe network, a second pipe network and a third pipe network;

the inlet end of the solid-liquid separation section is connected with the outlet end of the mother liquor hydrolysis tank through the first pipe network, the outlet end of the solid-liquid separation section is circularly connected with the back flushing liquid storage tank through the second pipe network, and the concentration and enrichment section is communicated with the outside through the third pipe network.

3. The device for rapid solid-liquid separation and rare earth precipitate enrichment according to claim 2, wherein the first pipe network comprises a discharging pipe, a first driving pump and a feeding pipe which are sequentially connected along the flowing direction of the hydrolysate, an inlet of the discharging pipe is connected with the mother liquor hydrolysis tank, and an outlet of the feeding pipe is connected with the solid-liquid separation section;

and a stirring assembly is further arranged in the mother liquor hydrolysis tank and is used for stirring the mixed rare earth mother liquor and the precipitant.

4. The device for rapid solid-liquid separation and rare earth precipitate enrichment according to claim 2, wherein the second pipe network comprises a connecting pipe, a first liquid outlet pipe, a second driving pump, a second liquid outlet pipe, a first back flushing pipe, a second back flushing pipe, a third driving pump and a third back flushing pipe, and the connecting pipe, the first liquid outlet pipe, the second driving pump, the second liquid outlet pipe, the first back flushing pipe, the back flushing liquid storage tank, the second back flushing pipe, the third driving pump and the third back flushing pipe are sequentially connected and form a circulation loop;

the bottom of ceramic lamina membranacea is provided with the drain pipe, the drain pipe intercommunication connecting tube, the permeate after ceramic lamina membranacea solid-liquid separation by the drain pipe flows through connecting tube, first drain pipe, second actuating pump, second drain pipe, first backflushing pipeline, backflushing reservoir, second backflushing pipeline, third actuating pump and third backflushing pipeline in proper order, and the backward flow is to connecting tube is right ceramic lamina membranacea carries out the backflushing.

5. The device for rapid solid-liquid separation and rare earth precipitate enrichment according to claim 4, wherein a first interface and a second interface are respectively arranged at two ends of the connecting pipeline, the first interface is used for connecting the connecting pipeline with a liquid discharge pipeline, and the second interface is used for communicating the connecting pipeline with a first liquid discharge pipeline or communicating the connecting pipeline with a third flushing pipeline.

6. The device for rapid solid-liquid separation and rare earth precipitate enrichment according to claim 4, wherein the second pipe network further comprises a third liquid outlet pipe, one end of the third liquid outlet pipe is connected to the connection part of the second liquid outlet pipe and the first backflushing pipe through a three-way adjusting component, the other end of the third liquid outlet pipe is communicated with the outside, and the three-way adjusting component is used for communicating the second liquid outlet pipe with the first backflushing pipe or communicating the second liquid outlet pipe with the third liquid outlet pipe.

7. The apparatus for rapid solid-liquid separation and rare earth precipitate enrichment according to claim 4, wherein the apparatus for rapid solid-liquid separation and rare earth precipitate enrichment further comprises an equipment box, wherein the second driving pump and the third driving pump are fixed in the equipment box;

two ends of the connecting pipeline extend into the separation and enrichment integrated tank and the equipment box respectively;

the equipment box is internally provided with a main control room and a switch control valve which are electrically connected;

the first liquid outlet pipeline and the third backflushing pipeline are respectively provided with a first electromagnetic valve and a second electromagnetic valve, and the main control room is independently and electrically connected with the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve;

the second liquid outlet pipeline and the third backflushing pipeline are also respectively provided with a first flowmeter and a second flowmeter, and the main control room is independently and electrically connected with the first flowmeter and the second flowmeter;

the back flush liquid storage tank is internally provided with a liquid level detection assembly, the liquid level detection assembly is electrically connected with the main control room, and the liquid level detection assembly is used for monitoring the liquid level of the penetrating liquid in the back flush liquid storage tank.

8. The device for rapid solid-liquid separation and rare earth precipitate enrichment according to claim 7, wherein the aeration mechanism comprises an aeration steel pipe and an aeration driving pump which are connected with each other, wherein the aeration steel pipe is distributed below the ceramic membrane plate, the aeration driving pump is fixed in the equipment box, and the aeration driving pump is used for driving the aeration steel pipe to perform aeration towards one side close to the ceramic membrane plate.

9. The apparatus for rapid solid-liquid separation and rare earth precipitate enrichment according to claim 2, wherein the third pipe network comprises a slurry discharging pipe and a slurry pumping driving pump, the concentration and enrichment section has an inverted cone structure, a slurry outlet is formed in the bottom of the concentration and enrichment section, one end of the slurry discharging pipe is connected with the slurry outlet, the other end of the slurry discharging pipe is connected with the slurry pumping driving pump, and the slurry pumping driving pump is used for pumping the precipitate in the concentration and enrichment section and discharging the precipitate from the slurry outlet into the slurry discharging pipe.

10. The device for rapid solid-liquid separation and rare earth precipitate enrichment according to claim 1, wherein a grid column and a supporting frame are further arranged between the solid-liquid separation section and the concentration enrichment section, the supporting frame is fixed on the inner cavity wall of the separation and enrichment integrated tank, and the supporting frame is used for supporting the grid column.