CN220024099U - Capsicum harvesting and processing complete device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of pepper treatment equipment, and particularly relates to a pepper harvesting and processing complete device. The specific technical scheme is as follows: the hot pepper drying machine comprises a pre-drying machine, a hot pepper branch separator and a hot pepper dryer which are arranged according to the hot pepper processing sequence, wherein the discharging material of the pre-drying machine enters the hot pepper branch separator, the pre-drying machine is used for drying fresh hot peppers with branches, the hot pepper branch separator is used for separating hot pepper branches by utilizing pre-drying waste heat, and the hot pepper dryer is used for drying semi-dry hot peppers after branch removal. After pre-drying, the water content of the capsicum is controlled to be 40%, the capsicum has certain toughness and is not easy to damage, and the damage rate of capsicum branch separation is lower and is lower than 1%.

Description

Capsicum harvesting and processing complete device

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of pepper treatment equipment, and particularly relates to a pepper harvesting and processing complete device.

Background

The conventional pepper harvesting process comprises spraying pepper defoliant, waiting for 7-15 days, mechanically harvesting pepper with water content of about 40%, removing impurities, separating pepper branches, air-separating to remove leaves, air-separating to remove stones, dry-cleaning to remove dust, shearing pepper stem (handle), oven drying, softening, color selecting, and packaging, and the specific process flow is shown in figure 1. The harvesting process has the advantages of saving energy, but has the following defects:

1. when people eat the rice on the day, if people feel rainy and can not harvest the rice in time, more peppers are easy to break, and large-scale yield reduction is caused.

2. Because the capsicum is naturally dried in the sun, the water content of the capsicum is not easy to control, certain damage can occur, the capsicum damage rate is generally 3% -8% according to different harvesting equipment and branch separating equipment, and the capsicum damage rate can be higher when the capsicum is in rainy days, and the capsicum loss is huge.

3. The process has no influence on the use of industrial peppers, but if the process is used for the peppers eaten by people, the problem of pesticide residues is easy to occur.

Therefore, it is necessary to develop a weather independent pepper harvesting and processing kit.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model provides a pepper harvesting and processing complete set of device.

In order to achieve the aim of the utility model, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a pepper harvesting processing complete set device, includes the pre-dryer that sets up according to pepper processing order, hot pepper branch separating centrifuge, hot pepper drying-machine, the ejection of compact of pre-dryer gets into the hot pepper branch separating centrifuge, the pre-dryer is used for drying fresh hot pepper of taking branch, hot pepper branch separating centrifuge utilizes the semi-dried hot pepper after the pre-drying waste heat separation hot pepper branch, the hot pepper drying-machine is used for drying and removes branch.

Preferably: the semi-dry pepper discharging elevator and the branch discharging machine are respectively arranged at the discharging end of the pepper branch separator, the semi-dry pepper discharging elevator is used for discharging semi-dry peppers, and the branch discharging machine is used for discharging branches.

Preferably: and a pepper impurity removing machine and a pepper stem removing machine are also arranged between the pepper branch separator and the pepper dryer.

Preferably: the chilli impurity removing machine comprises a winnowing leaf removing machine and a winnowing stone removing machine.

Preferably: and a pepper softening machine and a pepper color selector are also arranged behind the pepper dryer according to the pepper processing sequence.

Preferably: when the diameter of the chilli is more than or equal to 2cm,

a cylindrical annular separator is adopted;

and/or the separation gap of the separator is 0.85-1.35cm;

preferably: when the diameter of the chilli is less than 2cm,

firstly, adopting a cylindrical strip separator and then adopting a cylindrical annular separator;

and/or the separation gap of the cylindrical bar separator is 2.5cm, and the separation gap of the cylindrical annular separator is 0.85cm.

Preferably: a feeding lifting machine and a first swing arm spreading machine are arranged in front of the pre-drying machine;

and/or a first lifting machine is arranged between the pre-drying machine and the pepper branch separator;

and/or a semi-dry pepper discharging lifting machine is arranged between the pepper branch separator and the pepper impurity removing machine;

and/or a third lifting machine is arranged between the pepper impurity removing machine and the pepper stem removing machine;

and/or a fourth lifter and a second swing arm spreading machine are arranged between the capsicum stem removing machine and the semi-dry capsicum dryer.

Preferably: the pre-dryer adopts a mesh belt dryer, and the height of a gap between two adjacent mesh belt layers of the mesh belt dryer is more than 500mm.

Preferably: the net belt layer is provided with a plurality of scraping plates, and one end of each scraping plate, which is far away from the net belt layer, is provided with a plurality of tooth parts.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

through setting up the pre-dryer, hot pepper branch separating centrifuge, hot pepper drying-machine, the ejection of compact of pre-dryer gets into hot pepper branch separating centrifuge, and the pre-dryer is used for drying the hot pepper of taking the branch, and the hot pepper drying-machine is used for drying the semi-dry hot pepper after removing the branch. After pre-drying, the water content of the capsicum is controlled to be 40%, the capsicum has certain toughness and is not easy to damage, and the damage rate of capsicum branch separation is lower and is lower than 1%.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a conventional pepper harvesting process of the background art;

fig. 2 is a block flow diagram of the pepper harvesting process of the present utility model;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the pepper harvesting and processing system of the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is a top view of the pre-drying apparatus of the present utility model;

fig. 5 is a front cross-sectional view of the pre-drying apparatus of the present utility model;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the partial structure of A in FIG. 5;

fig. 7 is a schematic view of various types of scraping plates of the pre-drying apparatus of the present utility model.

In the figure: the hot pepper feeding device comprises a feeding lifting machine 1, a first swing arm spreading machine 2, a pre-drying machine 3, a pre-drying discharging machine 4, a first lifting machine 5, a hot pepper branch separator 6, a semi-dry hot pepper discharging lifting machine 8, a winnowing leaf removing machine 9, a second lifting machine 10, a winnowing stone removing machine 11, a third lifting machine 12, a hot pepper stem removing machine 13, a fourth lifting machine 14, a fifth lifting machine 15, a second swing arm spreading machine 16, a hot pepper dryer 17, a hot pepper return softening machine 18, a return softening discharging machine 19, a hot pepper color selector 20, a hot pepper packing machine 21, a feeding machine 22, a box 23, a branch discharging machine 24, a height limiting plate 25, a feeding hopper 26, a net belt machine frame 27, a first net belt layer 28, a net belt transmission roller 29, a hot pepper with branches 30, a scraping plate 31, a last net belt layer 32, a baffle 33, a blast opening 34, a blast nozzle 35, a blast nozzle 36, a cleaning brush 37, a tooth 38 and a blast nozzle 39.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. The technical means used in the examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art unless otherwise indicated.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal," "transverse," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present utility model, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.

The utility model discloses a novel process for harvesting and processing peppers, which comprises the following steps of mechanically harvesting fresh peppers with branches, pre-drying fresh peppers with branches 30, separating pepper branches under the condition of higher temperature by utilizing pre-drying waste heat, carrying out air separation and leaf removal, carrying out air separation and stone removal, carrying out dry cleaning and dust removal, cutting handles (handles) of peppers, drying peppers again, softening peppers, carrying out pepper color selection and packaging. The harvesting link of the process is only focused on harvesting, and does not need the links of impurity removal, separation and the like, so that the loss rate of the capsicum in the harvesting link is smaller, and the loss rate of the capsicum is smaller than 1%.

And for the link of pre-drying the hot pepper 30 with branches, drying the collected hot pepper 30 with branches in a pre-dryer 3 for 1-1.5 hours, wherein the pre-drying temperature is 90-100 ℃. Due to different types of capsicum, the pre-drying temperature and the pre-drying time are generally different. It should be noted that, after the hot pepper with branches is pre-dried, the hot pepper branches need to enter the separation link rapidly, because the hot pepper becomes hard after being cooled, and the breakage rate of the hot pepper can be increased in the separation process.

After pre-drying, the water content of the capsicum is between 35 and 45 percent. According to the preferred technical scheme, the water content of the capsicum is 40%. The capsicum stalks are thinner and are dried faster, so that the moisture content of the capsicum stalks is generally between 12 and 15 percent, and the capsicum stalks are crisp. At the moment, the water content of the capsicum is about 40%, the capsicum has certain toughness and is not easy to damage, and the damage rate of capsicum branch separation is lower and is lower than 1%.

The process fully utilizes the waste heat of the pre-drying link, separates the hot pepper branches at high temperature, has certain toughness, is not easy to damage, reduces the damage rate of the hot pepper, does not need to set a cooling link, saves the processing time and improves the production efficiency. And the pre-drying process is carried out by cooling firstly and then carrying out the processing technology of separating the pepper branches, and as part of small peppers are hardened after cooling, the damage rate of the peppers can be increased when the pepper branches are separated. Therefore, compared with the process of drying and cooling the separated pepper branches, the process has the advantages of smaller pepper damage rate, shorter processing time and higher production efficiency.

For the separation link of the pepper branches, for the big peppers, namely the peppers with the diameter more than or equal to 2cm, a cylindrical annular separator is adopted for separation, and the separation gap of the separator is 0.85-1.35cm. For small peppers, namely, the diameter of the peppers is smaller than 2cm, a cylindrical strip separator is adopted to separate large branches from peppers and part of small pepper stems, and then a cylindrical annular separator is adopted to separate the big branches and the peppers and part of small pepper stems. The separation gap of the cylindrical bar separator is 2.5cm, and the separation gap of the cylindrical annular separator is 0.85cm.

The utility model also discloses a novel pepper harvesting and processing system, which is shown in fig. 3, wherein a pre-dryer 3, a pepper branch separator 6, a winnowing leaf remover 9, a winnowing stone remover 11, a pepper stem remover 13, a pepper dryer 17, a pepper return softener 18 and a pepper color selector 20 are arranged according to the pepper processing sequence.

Specifically, the pre-dryer 3 is used for drying fresh hot pepper 30 with branches, and the hot pepper 30 with branches after pre-drying enters the pepper branch separator 6. The pepper branch separator 6 separates branches of the pepper 30 with branches by utilizing pre-drying waste heat, and the semi-dried pepper after the branches are removed sequentially enters the winnowing and defoliating machine 9 and the winnowing and defoliating machine 11. The winnowing and leaf removing machine 9 is used for removing pepper leaves or other leaves in the semi-dry peppers, the winnowing and leaf removing machine 11 is used for removing solid impurities such as stones with smaller particle sizes in the semi-dry peppers, and the leaves and the fine stones are removed and then enter the pepper stem removing machine 13. The capsicum stem remover 13 is used for removing stems of the half-dried capsicum, and the half-dried capsicum after the stems of the capsicum are removed enters the capsicum dryer 17. The pepper dryer 17 is used for drying the half-dried peppers with branches and pepper stalks removed, and the dried peppers enter the pepper softening machine 18. The pepper softening machine 18 is used for drying peppers for softening, and peppers after softening enter the pepper color selector 20. The pepper color sorter 20 is used for sorting and grading peppers, and the pepper removal packer 21 after sorting and grading is used for packing.

Further, a feeding elevator 1, a first swing arm spreader 2, a pre-dryer 3, a pre-drying discharger 4, a first elevator 5, a pepper branch separator 6, a semi-dry pepper discharger 8, a winnowing and defoliating machine 9, a second elevator 10, a winnowing and defoliating machine 11, a third elevator 12, a pepper stem remover 13, a fourth elevator 14, a second swing arm spreader 16, a semi-dry pepper dryer 17, a pepper return-to-soft machine 18, a return-to-soft discharger 19, a pepper color selector 20 and a pepper packer 21 are arranged according to the pepper processing sequence.

The mechanically picked hot pepper 30 with branches enters a pre-dryer 3 for drying after passing through a feeding elevator 1 and a swing arm spreading machine, so that the water content of the dried hot pepper is about 40%, and the water content of a hot pepper stem is 12% -15%. Setting working parameters of the pre-dryer 3: the drying time is 1-1.5 hours, the drying temperature is 90-100 ℃, and the specific drying temperature and time are determined according to the variety of the chillies. The half-dried hot pepper 30 with branches after pre-drying sequentially passes through the pre-drying discharging machine 4 and the first lifting machine 5, and then enters the hot pepper branch separator 6 to separate the hot pepper from the branches at high temperature. The two discharging positions of the pepper branch separator 6 are respectively provided with a semi-dry pepper discharging lifter 8 and a branch discharging machine 24, the semi-dry pepper discharging lifter 8 is used for discharging semi-dry peppers after branch removal and conveying the semi-dry peppers to the winnowing leaf removing machine 9, and the branch discharging machine 24 is used for discharging branches after branch removal.

The half-dried chilli subjected to air separation and leaf removal enters an air separation stone remover 11 after passing through a second elevator 10, air separation stone removal is carried out, and then enters a chilli stem remover 13 after passing through a third elevator 12, wherein the chilli stem remover 13 is used for removing chilli stems. After the half-dried peppers with the peppers removed are sequentially sent to the fourth elevator 14 and the second swing arm spreading machine 16, the half-dried peppers enter the half-dried peppers dryer 17 to be dried again. The dried peppers enter a pepper softening machine 18 for softening, enter a pepper softening discharging machine 19 for color selection after softening, enter a pepper color selector 20 for color selection, and are packaged into a finished product through a pepper packaging machine 21 after color selection.

Selecting a pepper branch separator 6: for large peppers, namely, the diameter of the peppers is more than or equal to 2cm, a cylindrical annular separator is adopted, and the separation gap of the separator is 0.85-1.35cm; for small peppers, namely, the diameter of the peppers is smaller than 2cm, a cylindrical strip separator is adopted to separate large branches from peppers and part of small pepper stems, and then a cylindrical annular separator is adopted, wherein the separation gap of the separator is 0.85cm.

Since the length of the hot pepper 30 with branches is 400-500mm, and the gap between the net layers of a common net belt type dryer is generally 150-300mm, if the common net belt type dryer is adopted, the material blockage can be caused. Therefore, the pre-dryer 3 adopts a novel mesh belt dryer, and is suitable for drying the hot pepper 30 with branches. The semi-dry pepper dryer 17 is used for drying peppers after removing branches, so that a general mesh belt type dryer can be used.

A novel mesh belt dryer is shown in fig. 4-7, and comprises a box body 23 and mesh belt layers arranged in the box body 23, wherein a plurality of scraping plates 31 are arranged on the mesh belt layers and located at intervals on the periphery of the mesh belt layers, and the scraping plates 31 are used for driving the hot pepper 30 with branches to move along with the mesh belt, so that the hot pepper 30 with branches is prevented from being blocked on the mesh belt. The length direction of the scraping plate 31 is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the net belt layer.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, a plurality of teeth 38 are disposed on an end of the scraping plate 31 away from the web layer. The scraping plate 31 is an L-shaped scraping plate 31, and the transverse end of the L-shaped scraping plate 31 is used for being connected with a net belt. In order to avoid scratching and puncturing the top end of the tooth portion 38, each tooth portion 38 has a linear structure, for example, the tooth portion 38 may have an arc-shaped portion, a trapezoid-shaped portion, a square-shaped portion, etc.

Further, a plurality of layers of net belt layers are arranged in the box body 23, and the plurality of layers of net belt layers are arranged at intervals from top to bottom. The multi-layer net belt layer is horizontally arranged in the box body 23 through a net belt machine frame 27, and is driven to work through a net belt transmission roller 29 driven by a motor.

In a preferred embodiment, the drying sequence of the capsicum on the net belt layer is named as the last net belt layer 32 of the first net belt layer 28 and the second net belt layer … …, for example, 5 net belt layers are provided in total, and the fifth net belt layer is the last net belt layer 32. Wherein the last layer 32 has a greater belt density than the preceding layer. The belt density refers to the number of mesh openings per inch of length of the belt, typically expressed in mesh/inch. It should be noted that the preceding tape layers refer to all the tape layers above the last tape layer 32. Increasing the belt density of the last belt layer 32 reduces the ventilation gap and serves the purpose of filtering most (over 95%) of the dust. As shown in fig. 5, three layers of mesh belts are provided in the case 23, the first layer and the second layer are 12 mesh belts, and the third layer is 60 mesh belts.

The novel mesh belt dryer further comprises a feeding machine 22, wherein the feeding machine 22 is used for conveying the hot peppers 30 with branches into the box 23, a feeding hopper 26 is arranged at the material inlet end of the box 23, and the material at the outlet end of the feeding machine 22 falls onto a first mesh belt layer 28 through the feeding hopper 26. The feed hopper 26 end and be located the guipure layer top and be provided with limit for height board 25, limit for height board 25 is used for restricting the hot pepper height of taking branch hot pepper 30 on the guipure layer.

Further, the feeder 22 is a lifter for conveying materials obliquely upwards, and lifts the bottom hot pepper 30 with branches to the top. The inlet end of the feeder 22 is arranged at the bottom and the outlet end is arranged at the top of the box 23. The feeder hopper 26 specifically sets up at box 23 top, and limit for height board 25 top is fixed to be set up at the interior top of box 23. The hot pepper 30 with branches enters the net belt layer on the top layer through the feeding machine 22 and the feeding hopper 26 to start drying, and the height of the hot pepper on the net belt layer is controlled by arranging the height limiting plate 25 at the entrance of the net belt layer.

Further, since the length of the hot pepper 30 with branches is between 400 and 500mm, the gap height h1 of the upper end of the first net belt layer 28 from the bottom of the height limiting plate 25 is greater than 500mm, and preferably the gap height h1 of the upper end of the first net belt layer 28 from the bottom of the height limiting plate 25 is 550mm. The gap height h2 between two adjacent net belt layers is more than 500mm, and the gap height h2 between two adjacent net belt layers is preferably 550mm. The distance between two adjacent net belt layers refers to the vertical height between the net belt at the lower end of the upper net belt layer and the net belt at the upper end of the lower net belt layer. The first web layer 28 refers to the first web layer 28 below the hopper 26.

Further, a material transfer end between two adjacent layers of mesh belt layers is provided with a material baffle 33, and the material baffle 33 is used for transferring materials on an upper layer of mesh belt layer to a lower layer of mesh belt layer. Specifically, the striker plate 33 is disposed obliquely, and one end of the striker plate 33 is fixedly disposed on the inner side wall of the case 23. The material transfer end refers to a discharge end of the upper mesh belt layer and a feed end of the lower mesh belt layer.

Because the mechanically picked peppers are provided with a part of soil, dust, namely small stones, possibly exist in the hot peppers 30 with branches, and the last net belt layer is provided with an ash layer close to a discharging position, if the hot peppers are not treated in time, on-site sites and equipment can be quickly fully paved with the dust, and the production is seriously affected. Therefore, the novel mesh belt dryer further comprises a dust removing system, as shown in fig. 6, which is arranged at the discharge end of the box 23 and is used for removing dust in the hot pepper 30 with branches and removing solid impurities with small particle size. The dust removing system comprises a blast nozzle 39, an air suction nozzle 35 and a cleaning brush 37, wherein the blast nozzle 39 is arranged on the inner side of the last layer of net belt 32, and the blast ports 34 of the blast nozzle 39 face to the lower net belt of the last layer of net belt 32. The suction nozzle 35 is disposed outside the last layer of mesh belt 32, and the suction inlet 36 of the suction nozzle 35 faces the blast nozzle 39. The cleaning brush 37 is arranged between the blast spray pipe 39 and the air suction spray pipe 35, and the working surface of the cleaning brush 37 is close to the outer side of the lower end net belt of the last net belt layer 32. The cleaning brush 37 uses long bristles, the length of which is longer than the height of the scraper.

Further, the novel mesh belt dryer further comprises a branch discharging machine 24, wherein the branch discharging machine 24 is arranged at the outlet end of the box body 23 and is used for receiving the branch-carrying chilli 30 from the outlet of the box body 23.

The above embodiments are only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model, and various modifications, variations, alterations, substitutions made by those skilled in the art to the technical solution of the present utility model should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present utility model without departing from the spirit of the design of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a pepper harvesting processing complete set device which characterized in that: including the pre-dryer (3), pepper branch separating centrifuge (6), pepper dryer (17) that set up according to pepper processing sequence, pre-dryer (3) ejection of compact gets into pepper branch separating centrifuge (6), pre-dryer (3) are used for drying fresh area branch chilli, pepper branch separating centrifuge (6) are hot separation pepper branch, pepper dryer (17) are used for the semi-dried chilli after the stoving branch.

2. A pepper harvesting and processing kit as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the semi-dry pepper discharging elevator (8) and the branch discharging machine (24) are respectively arranged at the discharging end of the pepper branch separator (6), the semi-dry pepper discharging elevator (8) is used for discharging semi-dry peppers, and the branch discharging machine (24) is used for discharging branches.

3. A pepper harvesting and processing kit as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: and a pepper impurity removing machine and a pepper stem removing machine (13) are also arranged between the pepper branch separator (6) and the pepper dryer (17).

4. A pepper harvesting and processing kit as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the chilli impurity removing machine comprises a winnowing leaf removing machine (9) and a winnowing stone removing machine (11).

5. A pepper harvesting and processing kit as claimed in claim 3, wherein: and a pepper softening machine (18) and a pepper color selector (20) are further arranged behind the pepper dryer (17) according to the pepper processing sequence.

6. A pepper harvesting and processing kit as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: when the diameter of the chilli is more than or equal to 2cm,

a cylindrical annular separator is adopted;

and/or the separation gap of the separator is 0.85-1.35cm.

7. A pepper harvesting and processing kit as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: when the diameter of the chilli is less than 2cm,

firstly, adopting a cylindrical strip separator and then adopting a cylindrical annular separator;

and/or the separation gap of the cylindrical bar separator is 2.5cm, and the separation gap of the cylindrical annular separator is 0.85cm.

8. A pepper harvesting and processing kit as claimed in claim 5, wherein: a feeding lifting machine (1) and a first swing arm spreading machine (2) are arranged in front of the pre-drying machine (3);

and/or a first lifter (5) is arranged between the pre-dryer (3) and the pepper branch separator (6);

and/or a semi-dry pepper discharging lifting machine (8) is arranged between the pepper branch separator (6) and the pepper impurity removing machine;

and/or a third lifting machine (12) is arranged between the pepper impurity removing machine and the pepper stem removing machine (13);

and/or a fourth lifting machine (14) and a second swing arm spreading machine (16) are arranged between the capsicum stem removing machine (13) and the semi-dry capsicum dryer (17).

9. A pepper harvesting and processing kit as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the pre-dryer (3) adopts a mesh belt dryer, and the height of a gap between two adjacent mesh belt layers of the mesh belt dryer is more than 500mm.

10. A pepper harvesting and processing kit as claimed in claim 9, wherein: the net belt layer is provided with a plurality of scraping plates (31) which are positioned outside the net belt layer, and one end of each scraping plate (31) far away from the net belt layer is provided with a plurality of tooth parts (38).