CN220009429U - Electric truck with electricity changing function - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an electric truck, which aims to solve the problem that a battery box of a battery changing type is arranged behind a cab in the existing electric truck, and constructs the battery box of the battery changing type, wherein the battery box space for accommodating the battery box of the battery changing type is arranged below a truck head driver, is positioned between two frame longitudinal beams of a truck chassis, the front part of the vehicle head is provided with a panel capable of opening and closing a battery box access opening at the front part of the space of the electric box, the inner sides of the two frame longitudinal beams are provided with guide rails which longitudinally extend from the front ends of the frame longitudinal beams to the rear part of the space of the electric box, and the middle lower parts of the left side and the right side of the box body of the battery box for changing electricity are respectively provided with a sliding support piece capable of sliding on the guide rails; a plurality of opening and closing locking devices are arranged on the left side and the right side of the battery box or on the left side and the right side and the rear side of the battery box. According to the utility model, the battery box for replacing electricity is arranged below the cab, the electricity replacement is convenient, the arrangement space of the cargo box is not occupied, the battery box is simple to fix, and the gravity center of the vehicle is lowered.

Description

Electric truck with electricity changing function

Technical Field

The present utility model relates to an electric truck, and more particularly, to a battery-powered electric truck.

Background

The power battery of the battery-exchanging type electric driving vehicle is integrated to form a battery-exchanging type battery box, and the battery-exchanging type battery box is usually arranged behind a cab and is located on a battery-exchanging base on the upper side of the vehicle frame. The power conversion mode is top hoisting type power conversion, and the power conversion type battery box is taken down under the action of a special power conversion device, put into a charging station and put into a power conversion base of an electric truck.

After the battery box of the existing electric truck is arranged in a cab, a special battery replacing device is needed for hoisting, so that the battery is inconvenient to replace; in addition, the arrangement position is higher, so that the center of gravity of the whole vehicle is raised, and the stability of the vehicle is reduced. The battery box for replacing the power is connected with the power replacing seat by virtue of the bottom, and has high requirements on the vehicle-mounted power replacing seat, so that the power replacing seat is complex in structure and increases in weight; the battery box with the electricity changing function is arranged on the rear wall of the cab, occupies the space of a cargo box and influences the loading quantity of cargoes.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that the conventional electric truck has the defect that a battery box for replacing electricity is arranged behind a cab, so that the electric truck for replacing electricity is provided.

The technical scheme for achieving the purpose of the utility model is as follows: the electric truck comprises a battery box, and is characterized in that an electric box space for accommodating the battery box is arranged below a truck head driver, the electric box space is arranged between two frame longitudinal beams of a truck chassis, a panel capable of opening and closing an inlet and an outlet of the battery box at the front part of the electric box space is arranged at the front part of the truck head, guide rails which horizontally and longitudinally extend backwards from the front ends of the frame longitudinal beams to the rear part of the electric box space are arranged at the inner sides of the two frame longitudinal beams, and sliding support pieces capable of sliding in the guide rails and sliding out from the front ends of the guide rails are respectively arranged at the middle lower parts of the left side and the right side of the battery box body; a plurality of opening and closing locking devices are arranged on the left side and the right side of the battery box or on the left side, the right side and the rear side of the battery box; the opening and closing locking device comprises a bolt, a limiting block fixed on the side face of the battery box body of the battery box, and a bolt driving device fixedly installed relative to the chassis of the truck, wherein a pin hole is formed in the limiting block; the bolt driving device is used for pushing the bolt to stretch into and pull out of the corresponding pin hole.

In the utility model, the battery box of the battery change type is arranged below the cab and is positioned between two frame longitudinal beams of the truck chassis, the lower part of the battery box of the battery change type is positioned at the lower side of the frame longitudinal beams, the gravity center position is lower, the gravity center position of the whole truck can be reduced, the stability of the truck is improved, the sliding rail is arranged at the middle lower part of the side surface of the battery box of the battery change type, the height difference between the sliding rail and the gravity center of the battery box of the battery change type is relatively smaller, and the battery box of the battery change type is easy to fix. The sliding rail is adopted to slide to take out and load the battery box of changing electricity from the front side of the vehicle head, the carrying vehicle which can practically carry the battery box of changing electricity is aligned with the outlet and inlet of the battery box at the front part of the space of the battery box, the battery box of changing electricity can be taken out and loaded in through pushing and pulling, lifting equipment is not needed, and the operation of changing electricity is simple and convenient.

In the power-exchanging type electric truck, the bolt driving device can be an air cylinder or an oil cylinder or a linear displacement motor.

In the battery-changing electric truck, the truck chassis comprises a U-shaped front cross beam with an upward opening, two ends of the front cross beam are respectively fixed at the front ends of two frame longitudinal beams, and the lower part of the battery box is located in a concave of the front cross beam. The front cross member is used for reinforcing the strength of the front part of the frame.

In the power-exchanging type electric truck, the front cross beam comprises a connecting cross beam with two ends bent upwards and connecting bases correspondingly and fixedly connected with two ends of the connecting cross beam, the tops of the two connecting bases are correspondingly and fixedly connected with the front ends of two frame longitudinal beams, the bolt driving device is arranged on the connecting bases, and a limiting block matched with the bolt driving device on the connecting base is arranged at the front lower part of the side face of the power-exchanging type battery box.

In the power-exchanging electric truck, the cross section of the two longitudinal frame beams is of a groove-shaped cross section structure, the notches of the two longitudinal frame beams are oppositely arranged, and the guide rail is fixedly arranged in the groove of the longitudinal frame beam and positioned on the lower leg. The guide rail is mounted in the longitudinal beam of the frame and can be well fixed.

In the power-exchanging electric truck, the truck chassis comprises side limiting brackets fixedly arranged on the outer sides of two frame longitudinal beams, the upper parts of the side limiting brackets extend upwards to the middle upper part of the side faces of a power-exchanging battery box, front cross beams which are arranged on the rear side of an electric box space and the two ends of the front cross beams are fixedly connected with the two longitudinal beams, and cab rear suspension frames which are arranged on the rear side of the electric box space and the two lower ends of the front cross beams are correspondingly and fixedly connected with the two frame longitudinal beams; the bolt driving device is arranged on the upper part of the side limiting support, the upper part of the cab rear suspension frame and/or the front cross beam, and the limiting block is arranged at the corresponding position of the battery box body of the power exchange type.

In the battery-powered truck, the truck further comprises a pushing device, wherein the pushing device is arranged at the rear side of the space of the battery box and fixedly arranged on a truck chassis for pushing the battery box forwards. Further, the pushing device comprises a push rod, an air cylinder or an oil cylinder or a linear displacement motor which is connected with the rear end of the push rod and used for pushing the push rod to move forwards and backwards, and the front end of the push rod is used for being abutted to the rear side face of the battery box body of the battery box.

In the battery-changing electric truck, the sliding support piece is provided with the support part which can be contacted with the guide rail, the rear end of the sliding support piece is provided with the roller which protrudes downwards from the support part and can roll on the guide rail, the rear end of the guide rail is provided with the inclined surface which inclines downwards, and the descending height of the inclined surface at the rear end of the guide rail is not less than the height difference between the supporting point of the roller wheel surface and the support part; the maximum displacement of the push rod moving back and forth is not less than the length of the guide rail inclined plane in the front-back direction.

In the battery-changing electric truck, the guide rail is provided with the trapezoid groove for being in contact with and supported by the supporting part and the idler wheel, and the shape of the lower part of the supporting part is matched with the trapezoid groove of the guide rail. Further, the front part of the trapezoid groove is provided with a trapezoid guide part, the notch width of the front end of the trapezoid guide part is larger than that of the rear end, and the height of the groove bottom of the front end is lower than that of the groove bottom of the rear end.

In the battery-changing electric truck, the structure of the front part of the trapezoid groove and the structure of the rear part of the trapezoid groove are symmetrical. The front and back symmetry of the guide rail structure is the same, so that the mounting positions of the guide rail on the left and right frame longitudinal beams are exchanged left and right after the guide rail turns.

Compared with the prior art, in the power-exchanging type electric truck, the power-exchanging type battery box is arranged below the cab, the power exchanging is convenient, the arrangement space of the cargo compartment is not occupied, the power-exchanging type battery box is simple to fix, and the center of gravity of the vehicle is lowered.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a power conversion type electric truck according to the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the head of the power-exchanging electric truck of the utility model.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the chassis structure of the power conversion type electric truck according to the present utility model.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the front of the chassis of the power conversion electric truck of the present utility model.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the chassis of the power conversion type electric truck of the present utility model at a position at the rear side of the space of the electric box.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the battery box of the present utility model on the chassis.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a battery box structure of a battery-powered electric truck according to the present utility model.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a sliding rail of a power conversion type electric truck according to the present utility model.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a rear end of a sliding rail of a power conversion type electric truck according to the present utility model.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a guide rail of a power conversion type electric truck according to the present utility model.

Fig. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of the front end of the guide rail of the power conversion type electric truck of the present utility model.

Fig. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a rail of a power conversion electric truck according to the present utility model.

Fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of a plug driving device of a power-change type electric truck according to the present utility model.

Fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the plug pin driving device of the power conversion type electric truck of the present utility model.

Fig. 15 is a schematic structural view of a stopper of a power conversion type electric truck according to the present utility model.

Fig. 16 is a schematic view of the structure of the pusher in the power-change type electric truck according to the present utility model.

Fig. 17 is a schematic view of the mating of the sliding support, rail and pusher in a power-change electric truck according to the present utility model.

Fig. 18 is a fixed schematic view of a battery box of a power conversion type in a power conversion type electric truck according to the present utility model.

Part names and serial numbers in the figure:

cab 10, upper panel 11, lower panel 12, and electric box space 13.

Truck chassis 20, frame rail 21, front cross member 22, connecting cross member 221, connecting seat 222, front cross member 23, cab rear suspension 24.

A battery box 30, a traction lug 31 and a middle surface 32.

Bolt drive device 40, piston rod 401, bolt 402, side limit bracket 41, stopper 42, pinhole 421.

Slide support 50, roller 51, roller pin 52, support 53, tread support point 54.

A guide rail 60, a trapezoidal groove 61, a slope 62, and a trapezoidal guide 63.

A pushing device 70, a push rod 71 and a driving device 72.

Detailed Description

The following describes specific embodiments with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 1 to 18 show the structure of a battery-powered electric truck according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

As shown in fig. 1, the battery-powered electric truck in this embodiment includes a truck chassis 20, a cab 10 is disposed at a vehicle head position, an electric box space 13 accommodating a battery box for battery replacement is provided below the cab 10, and an entrance/exit of the electric box space 13 is located at a front portion of the vehicle head. As shown in fig. 2, the front side of the cab 10 has a reversible upper panel 11 and lower panel 12, the upper panel 11 can be turned upward, the lower panel 12 can be turned downward, the upper panel 11 and the lower panel 12 can be turned open to expose the entrance of the battery compartment 13, and the battery compartment 30 can be taken out or put into the battery compartment 13 from the entrance of the battery compartment 13.

As shown in fig. 3, the truck chassis 20 includes two side members 21 arranged in parallel, the cross-sectional shape of the side members 21 being a channel-sectional structure, and the notches of the side members being opposed. A front cross member 22 and a front cross member 23 are disposed at the front portions of the two frame rails 21, wherein the front cross member 22 is connected to the front ends of the two frame rails 21 for reinforcing the strength of the front portions of the frames. The front cross member 23 is arranged at the rear side of the electric box space 21.

As shown in fig. 4, the front cross member 22 is U-shaped with an upward opening, and includes a connecting cross member 221 with two ends bent upward, and connecting seats 222 corresponding to the two ends of the connecting cross member 221 and fixedly connected to the front ends of the two frame rails 21.

As shown in fig. 5, the truck chassis 20 further includes a cab rear suspension bracket 24 disposed at the front, and the cab rear suspension bracket 24 is disposed at the rear side of the electric box space 13, and both ends thereof are fixedly connected to the two frame rails 21.

As shown in fig. 6, the battery box 30 is disposed between the frame rails 21, the guide rail 60 is disposed on the frame rails 21, the slide supports 50 slidable on the guide rail 60 are disposed on the right and left sides of the battery box 30, and a plurality of opening and closing devices are disposed on the right and left sides of the battery box 30. The locking and unlocking device comprises a bolt 402, a limiting block 42 and a bolt driving device 40, wherein the limiting block 42 is fixed on the side surface of the box body of the battery box 30, and a pin hole 421 is formed in the limiting block, and the structure of the locking and unlocking device is shown in fig. 15; the latch driving device 40 is fixedly installed relative to the truck chassis 20, and is used for pushing the plug, and the plug 402 is telescopically inserted into and pulled out of the corresponding pin hole 421.

As shown in fig. 7, the battery box 30 is mirror-symmetrical about the middle surface 32, and a plurality of traction lugs 31 are provided on the front side of the box body, and the traction lugs 31 are used for connecting traction devices for pushing and pulling the battery box 30.

As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the lower part of the sliding support 50 is a support 53 running in the longitudinal direction, a roller 51 is mounted at the rear end of the sliding support 50 through a roller pin 52, and a wheel surface support point 54 of the roller 51 protrudes downward from the support 53.

As shown in fig. 4 and 10, the rail 60 is disposed within a recess of the frame rail 21 on the lower leg. As shown in fig. 12, the guide rail 60 is provided with a trapezoidal groove 61 for contacting and supporting the supporting portion 53 and the roller 51, and the shape of the lower portion of the supporting portion 53 is adapted to the trapezoidal groove 61 of the guide rail 60.

As shown in fig. 11, the trapezoidal groove 61 of the guide rail 60 has a trapezoidal guide 63 at the front, the width of the notch at the front end of the trapezoidal guide 63 being larger than the width of the notch at the rear end, and the height of the front end bottom of the groove being lower than the height of the rear end bottom of the groove. The structure of the front part of the trapezoid groove is symmetrical with the structure of the rear part of the trapezoid groove. The guide rail 60 has the same structure in a front-back symmetry way, so that the guide rail can be installed on the frame longitudinal beam on the left side and the frame longitudinal beam on the right side, and when the installation position is exchanged left and right, the guide rail only needs to be turned back and forth, thereby improving the universality.

As shown in fig. 17, the rail rear end slope (i.e., the bottom surface of the trapezoidal guide portion) 62 is lowered by a height not smaller than the difference in height between the wheel surface support point 54 of the roller and the support portion 53. When the roller 51 rolls in the horizontal trapezoid groove between the trapezoid guide parts 63 at the two ends of the guide rail, the support part 53 at the lower part of the sliding support piece 50 is separated from the guide rail 60, the battery box 30 is supported by the roller 51 in contact with the guide rail 60, and the roller rolls when the battery box 30 moves forwards and backwards, so that friction force is reduced. When the roller 51 moves onto the inclined surface 62 at the rear end of the guide rail, the height of the supporting part 53 gradually decreases along with the backward movement of the roller 51 and finally contacts with the trapezoid groove 61 of the guide rail, at this time, the supporting part 53 and the trapezoid groove 61 form surface contact support, sliding friction is formed between the supporting part and the trapezoid groove, the sliding friction force is greater than the rolling friction force of the roller rolling in the trapezoid groove, and the trapezoid supporting part is matched with the trapezoid groove of the guide rail, so that the battery box with the electricity changing function is more stable.

As shown in fig. 5 and 17, the truck further comprises a pushing device 70, wherein the pushing device 70 is arranged at the rear side of the electric box space and fixedly installed on the front cross beam 23 of the truck chassis, and the pushing device 70 is used for pushing the battery box 30. As shown in fig. 16, the pushing device 70 includes a pushing rod 71 and a driving device 72 connected to the rear end of the pushing rod, where the driving device 72 is used to push the pushing rod 71 to move back and forth, the driving device 72 may be an air cylinder, or an oil cylinder, or a linear displacement motor, and the front end of the pushing rod 71 is used to abut against the rear side surface of the battery box body.

As shown in fig. 17, the maximum displacement of the push rod 71 moving forward and backward is not smaller than the length of the rail slope 62 in the forward and backward direction. When the push rod 71 moves forward to maximum displacement, the roller also moves from the incline at the rear end of the rail to the horizontal section of the trapezoidal groove in front of the incline. The pushing device is used for helping the roller to move on the inclined plane in a climbing manner.

As shown in fig. 13 and 14, in this embodiment, the latch driving device 40 is a cylinder, and the latch 402 is fixedly connected to the piston rod 401 thereof. In some other embodiments, the latch actuation device 40 may also be a cylinder, or a linear displacement motor.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the bolt driving devices 40 are mounted on the connection seats 222 at two ends of the front cross beam 22, and the front lower parts at the left and right sides of the battery box are respectively provided with a limiting block 42, which corresponds to the bolt driving devices of the connection seats and is matched with the bolts connected with the bolt driving devices of the connection seats, so that the battery box can be fixed at the front lower parts of the left and right sides of the battery box.

As shown in fig. 4, the truck chassis includes a side limiting bracket 41 fixedly mounted on the outer sides of the two frame rails, and the upper parts of the side limiting brackets extend upwards to the middle upper part of the side faces of the battery box, a bolt driving device 40 is mounted on the upper parts of the side limiting brackets 41, and a limiting block 42 is correspondingly arranged on the middle upper part of the side faces of the battery box 30, and is matched with the bolt driving device on the side limiting brackets, so that the battery box is fixed at the position.

As shown in fig. 5, the middle part of the rear suspension frame 24 and the positions of the front cross beam 23 near two ends of the rear suspension frame are respectively provided with a bolt driving device 40, and the corresponding positions of the rear side surfaces of the battery box 30 are respectively provided with a limiting block matched with the bolt driving devices, wherein the limiting blocks 42 are matched with bolts, and the battery box is fixed. The bolt driving device and the pushing device control the extension and retraction of the bolt driving device and the pushing device through valves.

As shown in fig. 1 to 18, in the present embodiment, the battery box 30 for battery replacement is arranged below the cab, not occupying the cabin arrangement space behind the cab. The battery box of changing electricity is located between two frame longerons, is located the frame longeron upside for changing electricity battery box is complete, and the focus of changing electricity battery box moves down, is favorable to reducing whole car focus, improves vehicle stability. The electric box can be arranged below the cab from the front part of the cab, the posture of the electric box carrying vehicle can be adjusted during power conversion, the electric box or the placing position of the electric box is opposite to the space entrance of the electric box, the electric box can be pushed into the space of the electric box on the truck through pushing or pulling, or the electric box can be taken out from the space of the electric box of the truck, the power conversion operation is completed, and the power conversion operation is simple and convenient without using lifting equipment.

Claims (10)

1. The electric truck comprises a battery box of a battery replacement type, and is characterized in that an electric box space for accommodating the battery box of the battery replacement type is arranged below a truck head driver, the electric box space is arranged between two frame longitudinal beams of a truck chassis, a panel capable of opening and closing an inlet and an outlet of the battery box at the front part of the electric box space is arranged at the front part of the truck head, guide rails which horizontally and longitudinally extend backwards from the front ends of the frame longitudinal beams to the rear part of the electric box space are arranged at the inner sides of the two frame longitudinal beams, and sliding supports which can slide on the guide rails and slide and move out from the front ends of the guide rails are respectively arranged at the middle lower parts of the left side and the right side of the battery box of the battery replacement type; a plurality of opening and closing locking devices are arranged on the left side and the right side of the battery box or on the left side, the right side and the rear side of the battery box; the opening and closing locking device comprises a bolt, a limiting block fixed on the side face of the battery box body of the battery box, and a bolt driving device fixedly installed relative to the chassis of the truck, wherein a pin hole is formed in the limiting block; the bolt driving device is used for pushing the bolt to stretch into and pull out of the corresponding pin hole.

2. The battery-powered truck of claim 1 wherein the truck bed includes a U-shaped front cross member with an upwardly opening, the front cross member being secured at each end to the front ends of the two frame rails, the front lower portion of the battery compartment being seated in a recess in the front cross member.

3. The battery-operated electric truck according to claim 2, wherein the front cross member comprises a connecting cross member with two ends bent upwards, and connecting seats corresponding to the two ends of the connecting cross member and fixedly connected with the front ends of the two frame longitudinal members.

4. The battery powered electric truck of claim 1 wherein the cross-sectional shape of both of said frame rails is a channel-section configuration with the notches of both frame rails being disposed in opposition, said rails being fixedly mounted in the channels of the frame rails and on the lower legs.

5. The battery-powered electric truck of claim 1, wherein the truck chassis comprises side limiting brackets fixedly mounted on the outer sides of the two frame stringers and having upper parts extending upward to the middle upper part of the side faces of the battery box, front cross beams arranged on the rear sides of the space of the electric box and having both ends fixedly connected with the two stringers, and cab rear suspension brackets arranged on the rear sides of the space of the electric box and having both lower ends fixedly connected with the two frame stringers;

the bolt driving device is arranged on the upper part of the side limiting support, the upper part of the cab rear suspension frame and/or the front cross beam, and the limiting block is arranged at the corresponding position of the battery box body of the power exchange type.

6. The battery-powered truck of any one of claims 1 to 5 further comprising a pusher disposed behind the electrical compartment space and fixedly mounted to the truck chassis for pushing the battery-powered battery compartment forward.

7. The battery-operated electric truck according to claim 6, wherein the sliding support member has a support portion capable of contacting with the guide rail, a roller is mounted at the rear end of the sliding support member, which protrudes downward from the support portion and rolls on the guide rail, the rear end of the guide rail has a downward inclined surface, and the inclined surface at the rear end of the guide rail descends by a height not smaller than a height difference between the roller wheel surface support point and the support portion; the pushing device comprises a push rod, an air cylinder or an oil cylinder or a linear displacement motor which is connected with the rear end of the push rod and used for pushing the push rod to move forwards and backwards, and the front end of the push rod is used for being abutted against the rear side face of the battery box body of the battery box; the maximum displacement of the push rod moving back and forth is not less than the length of the guide rail inclined plane in the front-back direction.

8. The battery-operated electric truck according to claim 7, wherein the guide rail is provided with a trapezoidal groove for contact support with the support portion and the roller, and the shape of the lower portion of the support portion is adapted to the trapezoidal groove of the guide rail.

9. The battery-operated electric truck according to claim 8, wherein the front portion of the trapezoidal groove has a trapezoidal guide portion, the notch width of the front end of the trapezoidal guide portion being larger than the notch width of the rear end, and the front end bottom of the groove being lower than the rear end bottom of the groove.

10. The battery-operated electric truck of claim 9, wherein the configuration of the front portion of the dovetail slot and the configuration of the rear portion of the dovetail slot are symmetrical with each other.