CN219997309U

CN219997309U - Ionization chamber detector

Info

Publication number: CN219997309U
Application number: CN202321366705.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张振朝; 花锋; 吕锋; 杜金健; 杜和阳; 王军善
Original assignee: Xi'an Zhonghe Nuclear Instrument Co ltd
Current assignee: Xi'an Zhonghe Nuclear Instrument Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-05-31
Filing date: 2023-05-31
Publication date: 2023-11-10
Anticipated expiration: 2033-05-31

Abstract

The utility model discloses an ionization chamber detector, which relates to the field of nuclear radiation detectors, and comprises: the utility model can solve the radiation-resistant problem of the detector under the condition of strong radiation, and simplify the internal structure of the detector of an ionization chamber.

Description

Ionization chamber detector

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of nuclear radiation measuring instruments, in particular to an ionization chamber detector.

Background

At present, an electrometer and a corresponding preamplifier are arranged in an ionization chamber detector and are used for amplifying weak current signals and then transmitting the weak current signals to an on-site processing box for processing through a cable, and the ionization chamber is widely applied to regional radiation monitoring of nuclear power plants and nuclear facilities. With the continuous development of domestic spent fuel post-treatment projects, the regional radiation monitoring of a strong radiation field also provides requirements. The accumulated dose which needs to be tolerated by the radiation monitoring system and equipment in the working scene is generally not lower than 1000Gy, however, a processing circuit is arranged in the traditional ionization chamber detector, particles and rays in a strong radiation field can damage components in the circuit, and many components can fail when the maximum accumulated dose is 100Gy, so that the performance of the radiation monitoring equipment is reduced or even cannot work directly.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the utility model provides an ionization chamber detector, which can solve the problems that particles and rays in a strong radiation field in the prior art can damage components in a circuit, and a plurality of components can fail when the maximum accumulated dose is 100Gy, so that the performance of radiation monitoring equipment is reduced or even the radiation monitoring equipment cannot work directly.

An embodiment of the present utility model provides an ionization chamber detector including:

an outer cylinder, one end of which is closed, the other end of which is open, and the outer side wall of which is provided with a boss;

the upper cover is clamped at the opening end of the outer cylinder, a groove is formed in the inner side wall of the upper cover, and a fixed socket is arranged in the middle of the upper cover in a penetrating manner;

the ceramic column is sleeved on the connecting piece at one end, the connecting piece penetrates through the inside of the outer cylinder, a first through hole is formed in the center of the ceramic column, a second through hole is formed around the first through hole, a support column is fixedly penetrated in the second through hole, and the support column is in threaded matching connection with the groove;

the collector is hollow in the inside, the thick end and the thin end of the outside are fixedly connected, and the thin end passes through the first through hole and is fixedly connected with the ceramic column.

Further, the outside of boss is equipped with two semi-circular buckles, and two semi-circular buckle tops are equipped with the knob, and one semi-circular buckle one side is equipped with fixed section of thick bamboo.

Further, the upper cover includes:

the center of the circular ring is provided with a third through hole, one end of the side surface of the fixed socket inserted in the third through hole is provided with an annular step, the other end of the side surface of the fixed socket is provided with an annular groove, a rubber ring is arranged between the annular groove of the circular ring and the outer cylinder, the inner side wall of the circular ring is provided with a groove, and the groove is in threaded matching connection with the support column;

the annular clamping cover is clamped on the annular step at one end and is clamped on the outer side wall of the outer cylinder at the other end.

Further, the connecting piece comprises a U-shaped sleeve, and a fourth through hole is formed in the center of the U-shaped sleeve.

Further, the ceramic column comprises a thick circular ring and a thin circular ring, the centers of the thick circular ring and the thin circular ring are communicated with each other to form a first through hole, the diameter of the thin circular ring sleeve is smaller than that of the fourth through hole, the diameter of the thick circular ring is larger than that of the fourth through hole, an annular groove is formed in one end, far away from the thin circular ring, of the thick circular ring, the height of the thick circular ring is smaller than the depth of the U-shaped sleeve, and struts are arranged around the thick circular ring.

Further, the extremely fine one end of collection wears to locate first through-hole, and its free end cover that is located the ring channel is equipped with a plurality of metal rings, and the cover is equipped with annular and connects electric seat on the free end of the collector that is located the outside of metal ring, is equipped with the nut on the free end of the collector outside the annular and connects electric seat.

Further, the thick one end diameter of the collector is larger than that of the first through hole, and a gasket is arranged between the thick one end diameter of the collector and the outer side wall of the first through hole.

Further, the inside of fixed socket wears to be equipped with negative high-voltage pole wire, earth connection, signal line, and negative high-voltage pole wire is connected with annular electric seat electricity, and the earth connection is connected with the urceolus, and the signal line is connected with the collector free end.

Compared with the prior art, the ionization chamber detector provided by the embodiment of the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

the ionization chamber detector is internally connected with the cable and the lead, does not contain any circuit board and electronic components, the whole ionization chamber detector can be regarded as a metal structural member, the influence of rays on the ionization chamber detector can be avoided in a high-dose field, the radiation resistance problem of the detector under the condition of strong radiation is solved through the design of the ionization chamber detector, the internal structure of the ionization chamber detector is simplified, the weight of the ionization chamber detector is reduced, the ionization chamber detector can be carried on a plurality of industrial mechanical arms, and the processing and manufacturing cost of equipment is reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an ionization chamber detector according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an ionization chamber detector according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of a usage scenario of an ionization chamber detector according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of embodiments of the utility model is, therefore, to be taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the scope of the utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments.

It is to be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "transverse," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are directional or positional relationships as indicated based on the drawings, merely to facilitate describing the utility model and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus are not to be construed as limiting the utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first", "a second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

It should be noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific case.

The principle of detecting gamma rays in the ionization chamber is as follows: the ionization chamber detector is internally filled with gas and is provided with a high-voltage electrode and a collector electrode, and certain voltage is applied between the two electrodes. When charged particles pass through a gas, gas molecules are ionized or excited, and a large number of electron-ion pairs are generated in the path through which the charged particles pass. The average energy required for charged particles to produce a pair of particles in a gas becomes the average ionization energy ω, and when the incident particle energy is E and N pairs of ions are produced in the gas, the average ionization energy required to produce a pair of ions can be approximated as:

for a mixed gas, the calculation of the average ionization energy can be approximated as:

wherein omega is _i 、p _i 、Z _i And omega _j 、p _j 、Z _j Average ionization energy, partial pressure and atomic number of the i-th gas and the j-th gas, respectively.

The incident gamma rays interact with the air in the ionization chamber to generate secondary electrons, and the secondary electrons deplete their energy in the air in the ionization chamber cavity to ionize the air to generate a large number of ion pairs, and the ion pairs drift and are collected under the action of an electric field so as to output nuclear radiation signals.

The device utilizes the air ionization chamber as a core detection module to complete regional nuclear radiation dose monitoring of the post-treatment strong radiation field.

The gamma dose rate monitor of the radiation-resistant ionization chamber carried by the mechanical arm mainly comprises 1 radiation-resistant ionization chamber detector, a cable, 1 on-site treatment box and a corresponding installation kit.

The radiation-resistant ionization chamber detector is used for completing the acquisition of nuclear radiation signals in a strong radiation field; the on-site processing box provides a high-voltage power supply for the ionization chamber detector through a cable, processes, displays, stores and transmits the weak current signal containing nuclear radiation information acquired by the ionization chamber, and can output audible and visual alarm prompt and signal according to the measured radiation data.

Referring to fig. 1, an ionization chamber detector comprising:

an outer cylinder 1, one end of which is closed, the other end of which is open, and the outer side wall of which is provided with a boss 2;

the upper cover 3 is clamped at the opening end of the outer cylinder 1, a groove is formed in the inner side wall of the upper cover 3, and a fixed socket 4 is arranged in the middle of the upper cover 3 in a penetrating manner;

the ceramic column 6 is sleeved on the connecting piece at one end, the connecting piece penetrates through the outer cylinder 1, a first through hole is formed in the center of the ceramic column 6, a second through hole is formed around the first through hole, the support column 7 is fixedly penetrated in the second through hole, and the support column 7 is in threaded matching connection with the groove;

the collector 8 is hollow in the inside, the thick end and the thin end of the outside are fixedly connected, and the thin end passes through the first through hole and is fixedly connected with the ceramic column 6.

In the utility model, in order to reduce the weight of the ionization chamber detector and meet the use requirement of being carried on a mechanical arm, the outer cylinder 1 of the ionization chamber detector is made of metal aluminum, and the outermost surface is subjected to spraying and film coating treatment, so that the ionization chamber detector has certain corrosion resistance while reducing the weight of the detector, and the maximum dose rate of resisting irradiation can reach 10 ³ Gy/h, cumulative dose rate up to 10 ⁶ Gy, collector 8 in the ionization chamber is a hollow oneThe aluminum bar is connected with the fixed socket 4 through an internal lead, the outside of the collector is a sealed outer cylinder made of an aluminum shell, the collector aluminum bar is wrapped in the sealed outer cylinder, and the medium in the container is atmospheric air.

Generally, the weight of the detector can be effectively reduced by using a non-metal shell, but the ionization chamber detector needs a high-voltage electrode, so that the ionization chamber of the non-metal shell needs an additional metal inner cylinder to form the high-voltage electrode, or the non-metal inner cylinder sprayed with a conductive graphite coating is used as the high-voltage electrode, but the conductivity of the non-metal high-voltage electrode is not ideal due to the spraying process, and the measurement effect is poor.

Compared with the ionization chamber with a nonmetallic shell, the ionization chamber effectively simplifies the internal structure of the ionization chamber detector (without an inner cylinder of the nonmetallic ionization chamber) and effectively reduces the weight of the ionization chamber detector, and simultaneously meets the irradiation-resistant requirement.

The ionization chamber detector uses a triaxial connector and a triaxial cable matched with the triaxial connector, the connector and the cable penetrate through the mechanical arm wire slot to be connected with the on-site processing box, a weak current signal output by the detector is connected with the collector through the ionization chamber connector, and the weak current signal is transmitted to the electrometer inside the on-site processing box through the cable to be subjected to signal processing.

In one possible embodiment, two semicircular buckles 9 are arranged on the outer side of the boss 2, a knob is arranged on the top of each semicircular buckle 9, and a fixed barrel 10 is arranged on one side of each semicircular buckle 9.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, a circle of boss 2 protruding outwards is reserved on the outer cylinder 1 of the ionization chamber detector as an installation interface, and the ionization chamber detector and the matched quick-connection sleeve member can be quickly assembled and disassembled during connection. The quick-connection sleeve member comprises a semicircular clamping buckle 9, a fixed barrel 10 and a knob, the knob is loosened when the ionization chamber detector is installed, the semicircular clamping buckle 9 is embedded with a boss 2 of the detector, the knob is tightened again, the installation of the detector and the quick-connection sleeve member can be completed, 5 installation interfaces are reserved at the tail of the fixed barrel 10, the butt joint installation is completed with the mechanical arm, after the installation holes are in butt joint with the installation holes at the tail ends of the flexible arms during the butt joint installation, countersunk screws are used for wedging the installation holes of the ionization chamber detector and the flexible arms, and the connection fastening between the ionization chamber and the flexible arms is completed.

In one possible embodiment, the upper cover 3 comprises:

the center of the circular ring 301 is provided with a third through hole, one end of the side surface of the fixed socket 4 inserted in the third through hole is provided with an annular step 302, the other end of the side surface of the fixed socket is provided with an annular groove 303, a rubber ring 304 is arranged between the annular groove 303 of the circular ring 301 and the outer cylinder 1, the inner side wall of the circular ring 301 is provided with a groove, and the groove is in threaded matching connection with the support column 7;

the annular locking cap 305 has one end locked to the annular step 302 and the other end locked to the outer wall of the outer cylinder 1.

In this embodiment, a rubber ring 304 is disposed between the annular groove 303 of the ring 301 and the outer cylinder 1 to seal air, one end of the side surface of the fixed socket 4 is provided with an annular step 302, which is clamped with one end of the annular clamping cover 305, when in use, the ring 301 is firstly inserted into one end of the outer shell 1, then the ring clamping cover 305 is used to press the ring, the other end of the ring clamping cover 305 is clamped on the outer side wall of the outer cylinder 1, and it can be understood that a circle of clamping groove is disposed on the outer side wall of the outer cylinder 1.

In one possible embodiment, the connector comprises a "U" shaped sleeve with a fourth through hole in its centre.

In this embodiment, a thick round hole and a thin round hole are arranged in the middle of the connecting piece, the height of the thick round hole is higher, and the height of the thin round hole is lower, so that the ceramic column can be placed in the connecting piece.

In one possible embodiment, the ceramic column 6 comprises a thick ring and a thin ring, the centers of the thick ring and the thin ring are penetrated and provided with a first through hole, the diameter of the thin ring sleeve is smaller than that of the fourth through hole, the diameter of the thick ring is larger than that of the fourth through hole, one end, far away from the thin ring, of the thick ring is provided with an annular groove, the height of the thick ring is smaller than the depth of the U-shaped sleeve, and the periphery of the thick ring is provided with a strut 7.

In this embodiment, the thin one end of ceramic post 6 passes thin round hole, and thick ring then keeps off in thin round hole outside, and the one end that keeps away from thin ring of thick ring is equipped with the ring channel, and thick ring highly is less than "U" telescopic degree of depth, guarantees that the thick ring of ceramic post 6 is located thick round hole, and the ring channel is located thick round hole, and the quantity of pillar is two at least.

In one possible embodiment, the thin end of the collector 8 is arranged through the first through hole, the free end of the collector 8, which is positioned in the annular groove, is sleeved with a plurality of metal rings, the free end of the collector 8, which is positioned outside the metal rings, is sleeved with an annular power receiving seat 9, and the free end of the collector 8, which is positioned outside the annular power receiving seat, is provided with a nut.

In this embodiment, the thin one end of collector 8 wears to locate first through-hole, and its free end cover that is located the ring channel is equipped with a plurality of metal rings, and the cover is equipped with annular electricity receiving seat 9 on the free end of collector 8 that is located the outside of metal ring, is equipped with the nut on the free end of collector 8 in the annular electricity receiving seat outside, and the effect is: in one possible embodiment, the thick end diameter of the collector 8 is larger than the first through hole, and a gasket is arranged between the thick end diameter and the outer side wall of the first through hole, and the gasket plays a role of buffering and compacting, so that a tight fit between the collector and the ceramic column is achieved without a vibrating gap.

In this embodiment, the gasket functions as: the annular gasket is arranged to play a role in buffering and compacting, so that a gap without vibration is tightly attached between the collector and the ceramic column.

The negative high voltage is connected with an annular power receiving seat 9 on the connecting ring; the signal wire is connected with the tail end of the collector 8 and welded on a fixed nut of the collector 8, generally, a gasket which is the same as the annular power receiving seat 9 is sleeved on the collector 8, and then the fixed nut is fastened; one end of the ground wire is directly connected to the outer shell of the fixed socket 4, the annular clamping cover 305 of the fixed socket 4 is communicated with the outer barrel 1 of the ionization chamber, and the other end of the ground wire is connected to the outer barrel 1.

The application scene of the utility model is as follows:

the gamma dose rate monitor system of the irradiation-resistant ionization chamber mainly comprises an irradiation-resistant ionization chamber detector, a flexible arm robot, an on-site treatment box, a connector, a cable and the like. The schematic diagram of the application scene of the gamma dose rate monitor system of the irradiation-resistant ionization chamber is shown in fig. 3. The ionization chamber detector is arranged at the tail end of a mechanical arm or a flexible arm of the robot, and enters a place (red area) in a strong radiation environment along with the flexible arm to complete regional radiation monitoring work, the robot body and the on-site treatment box are arranged outside the place, and are connected with the ionization chamber detector through a power supply and communication cable penetrating through the inside of the flexible arm of the robot to supply power to the detector and receive nuclear radiation signals output by the detector.

The weak current signal output by the ionization chamber detector is amplified by an electrometer in the data acquisition module in the processing box and then converted into a voltage frequency signal, and the voltage frequency signal is transmitted to the output control module through inter-board communication. After the measured value formed after the collected nuclear radiation signal is processed exceeds the alarm threshold value set by the processing box, the on-site processing box transmits the measured value, alarm information and other data to the upper DCS system or the control system of the robot, and the alarm lamp and the buzzer installed on the processing box start to work to provide audible and visual alarm.

In addition, the alarm lamp and the buzzer installed on the processing box are not responsible for alarming, the processing box only completes processing and transmission of measurement data, and alarming work can be judged by an alarm threshold set by an upper system. The two application modes can be selected according to the requirements of owners and actual situations in the field.

The foregoing disclosure is merely illustrative of specific embodiments of the utility model, but the embodiments are not limited thereto and variations within the scope of the utility model will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An ionization chamber detector, comprising:

an outer cylinder (1) with one end closed and the other end open, and a boss (2) arranged on the outer side wall;

the upper cover (3) is clamped at the opening end of the outer cylinder (1), a groove is formed in the inner side wall of the upper cover (3), and a fixed socket (4) is arranged in the middle of the upper cover (3) in a penetrating manner;

the ceramic column (6) is sleeved on the connecting piece at one end, the connecting piece penetrates through the outer cylinder (1), a first through hole is formed in the center of the ceramic column (6), a second through hole is formed around the first through hole, a support column (7) is fixedly arranged in the second through hole in a penetrating mode, and the support column (7) is in threaded matching connection with the groove;

and the collector (8) is hollow in the inside, one thick end of the outside is fixedly connected with one thin end, and the thin end penetrates through the first through hole and is fixedly connected with the ceramic column (6).

2. The ionization chamber detector according to claim 1, wherein two semicircular buckles (9) are arranged on the outer side of the boss (2), a knob is arranged on the top of each semicircular buckle (9), and a fixing barrel (10) is arranged on one side of each semicircular buckle (9).

3. An ionization chamber detector as claimed in claim 1, wherein said upper cover (3) comprises:

the novel socket comprises a circular ring (301), wherein a third through hole is formed in the center of the circular ring (301), a fixed socket (4) is inserted in the third through hole, an annular step (302) is formed in one end of the side face of the circular ring (301), an annular groove (303) is formed in the other end of the side face of the circular ring, a rubber ring (304) is arranged between the annular groove (303) of the circular ring (301) and the outer cylinder (1), a groove is formed in the inner side wall of the circular ring (301), and the groove is in threaded matching connection with the support column (7);

and one end of the annular clamping cover (305) is clamped on the annular step (302), and the other end of the annular clamping cover is clamped on the outer side wall of the outer cylinder (1).

4. An ionization chamber detector according to claim 1, wherein said connector comprises a "U" shaped sleeve having a fourth through hole at its center.

5. An ionization chamber detector according to claim 4, wherein the ceramic column (6) comprises a thick ring and a thin ring, a first through hole is formed through the centers of the thick ring and the thin ring, the diameter of the thin ring sleeve is smaller than that of the fourth through hole, the diameter of the thick ring is larger than that of the fourth through hole, an annular groove is formed at one end, far away from the thin ring, of the thick ring, the height of the thick ring is smaller than the depth of the U-shaped sleeve, and the support posts (7) are arranged around the thick ring in a penetrating manner.

6. An ionization chamber detector according to claim 1, wherein the thin end of the collector (8) is arranged through the first through hole, the free end of the collector (8) located in the annular groove is sleeved with a plurality of metal rings, the free end of the collector (8) located on the outer side of the metal rings is sleeved with an annular power receiving seat (5), and the free end of the collector (8) located on the outer side of the annular power receiving seat (5) is provided with a nut.

7. An ionization chamber detector as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the thick end of the collector (8) has a larger diameter than the first through hole and a spacer is arranged between the collector and the outer side wall of the first through hole.

8. The ionization chamber detector according to claim 6, wherein the fixed socket is internally provided with a negative high-voltage electrode lead, a grounding wire and a signal wire, the negative high-voltage electrode lead is electrically connected with the annular power receiving seat (5), the grounding wire is connected with the outer cylinder (1), and the signal wire is connected with the free end of the collector (8).