CN219654770U

CN219654770U - Cooling arrangement and construction machine having the same

Info

Publication number: CN219654770U
Application number: CN202321407967.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 秦梦雪; 刘振斌; 丁仲毅; 薛胜火
Original assignee: Caterpillar Inc
Current assignee: Caterpillar Inc
Priority date: 2023-06-05
Filing date: 2023-06-05
Publication date: 2023-09-08
Anticipated expiration: 2033-06-05

Abstract

The utility model relates to a cooling arrangement for a construction machine, comprising a radiator and a fan module for generating an air flow through the radiator core, characterized in that the fan module comprises a first fan and a second fan which are both blowing fans and are located on the same side of the radiator core, the first fan having a larger blade diameter than the second fan, the second fan being located between the first fan and the radiator core and being located in the air flow direction downstream of a central fixing disk of the first fan, the first fan being fixed to a fan drive shaft by means of the central fixing disk, the dimensions, rotational speeds and distance relative to the radiator core of the first fan being so configured that hot air backflow in or near the radiator core downstream of the central fixing disk of the first fan can be avoided. The utility model also relates to a construction machine comprising said cooling arrangement.

Description

Cooling arrangement and construction machine having the same

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of engineering machinery, and particularly relates to a cooling arrangement structure for engineering machinery and the engineering machinery with the cooling arrangement structure.

Background

Currently, the engine mounted on the loader is equipped with a radiator for radiating heat from the engine. The radiator mostly adopts a direct-drive blowing fan. The fan blades extend from a central hub (i.e., a central fixed disk) that is mounted on a fan drive shaft, the rotation of which rotates the central hub and the fan blades. However, the fan is susceptible to large amounts of hot air backflow due to the central mounting plate, resulting in overheating of the radiator core. In order to meet the heat dissipation requirement, the heat sink is often required to be designed to be larger in size, and the manufacturing cost is increased.

The present utility model is directed to solving at least one of the problems discussed above and/or other disadvantages of the prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the present utility model is to provide an improved cooling arrangement for a working machine which makes it possible to advantageously avoid hot air backflow and thus to increase the cooling efficiency of the radiator, advantageously increasing the working efficiency of the engine.

To this end, according to one aspect of the present utility model there is provided a cooling arrangement for a working machine comprising a radiator and a fan module for generating an air flow through the radiator core, characterised in that the fan module comprises a first fan and a second fan which are both blowing fans and are located on the same side of the radiator core, the first fan having a larger blade diameter than the second fan, the second fan being located between the first fan and the radiator core and being located in the air flow direction downstream of a central fixed disk of the first fan, the first fan being fixed to a fan drive shaft by the central fixed disk, the dimensions, rotational speed and distance relative to the radiator core being such that hot air backflow in or near the radiator core downstream of the central fixed disk of the first fan is avoided.

Advantageously, the blade diameter of the second fan is greater than the diameter of the central fixed disk of the first fan.

Advantageously, the second fan is positioned close to the central fixed disk of the first fan.

Advantageously, the rotation speed of the second fan is higher than the rotation speed of the first fan.

Advantageously, the fan drive shaft is an output shaft of an engine of the work machine.

Advantageously, the second fan is driven by a motor.

Advantageously, the second fan is mounted in position by means of a support frame.

Advantageously, the second fan is rotated by an auxiliary rotating shaft connected to the output shaft of the engine, the auxiliary rotating shaft being connected to the output shaft of the engine by a clutch transmission.

According to a further aspect of the utility model there is provided a working machine, characterised by comprising a cooling arrangement as described above.

Advantageously, the working machine is a loader.

According to the utility model, the second fan is added to the central fixed disc of the first fan, and the second fan rotates while the first fan rotates, so that air disturbance at the downstream of the central fixed disc of the first fan can be enhanced, back pressure is increased, hot air reflux quantity is effectively reduced, in addition, the second fan not only blocks hot air reflux, but also increases ventilation quantity of the radiator core, and the overall heat exchange efficiency of the radiator core is improved, thereby reducing the size of the radiator core and manufacturing cost.

Drawings

The above and other features and advantages of the present utility model will become more readily appreciated from the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of an airflow flow field in a first cooling arrangement for a loader of the prior art;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an airflow flow field of another prior art second cooling arrangement for a loader; and

FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the relative arrangement of the components and the direction of airflow in a cooling arrangement according to the present utility model.

The figures are merely schematic and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The relative positional relationships of the various components shown in the drawings are also illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model. Furthermore, only those parts necessary for elucidating the utility model are shown in the drawings, other parts being omitted or merely mentioned briefly.

Reference numerals illustrate:

1. a cooling arrangement; 11. a heat sink; 12. a baffle; D. a central fixed disk; E. an engine; 1', a first cooling arrangement; 1", a second cooling arrangement; f1', a first cooling fan; f1", a second cooling fan; n, negative pressure area; r, backheating air flow; DZ, dead zone; DR, fan drive shaft; RF, high temperature gas flow reflux; s1, an engine output shaft; s2, an auxiliary shaft; f1, a first fan; f2, a second fan; 13. a clutch speed change mechanism.

Detailed Description

Exemplary embodiments according to the present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present utility model to those skilled in the art. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present utility model may be practiced without some of these specific details. Furthermore, it should be understood that the utility model is not limited to specific described embodiments. Rather, the utility model can be considered to be implemented with any combination of the following features and elements, whether or not they relate to different embodiments. Thus, the following features, embodiments, and advantages are merely illustrative and should not be considered elements or limitations of the claims except where explicitly set out in a claim.

The terms "comprising" and "having" are used in the following to mean that there are open-ended, including, and that there may be additional elements/components in addition to the listed elements/components.

In this context, the terms "left", "right", etc. refer to left-right, etc. orientations in FIGS. 1-3. Also, the orientations shown in FIG. 1 are merely exemplary, and the orientation terminology is merely introduced to facilitate the description of the relative positional relationship between the components.

Referring to FIG. 1, a schematic diagram of a conventional cooling arrangement associated with an engine cooling package on a work machine (e.g., a loader) is shown. The specifically shown first cooling arrangement 1 'comprises a radiator 11 for cooling the engine E and a first cooling fan F1' for forcing a flow of air from the surroundings through the radiator core. The first cooling fan F1' is fixed to the fan driving shaft DR by a central fixing plate D. Blades of the first cooling fan extend from the periphery of the central fixed disk. The heat transfer medium circulating in the radiator pipe is cooling water circulating through the engine cooling jacket. The cooling water taking away the heat of the engine enters the radiator to exchange heat with the air flow passing through the radiator core from left to right, so that the air flow rises in temperature and flows out of the radiator core, and the cooled cooling water returns to the engine cooling sleeve to further cool the engine.

In theory, the warmed air flow flows out from the right side surface of the radiator core and then is dispersed into the surrounding environment. However, due to the design in which the first cooling fan F1' is provided with the center fixed disk D in the center region, there is a lower air pressure in the region on the right side of the fan center fixed disk D close to the center fixed disk (i.e., in the downstream region of the fan center fixed disk in the air flow direction) than in the other regions. With the high rotational speed movement of the fan blades, a large pressure difference is formed in the region downstream of the central fixed disk with respect to the other regions, and thus a negative pressure region N is formed, into which the surrounding air flow is sucked, and a backflow is generated. Even the hot air flow flowing out from the right side of the radiator core deflects in direction and flows back to the radiator core (causing the cooling water in the radiator core to be heated) to form a regenerative air flow R which passes even through the left side of the radiator core to heat the cold air which is about to flow into the radiator core. Therefore, the efficiency of the radiator core is significantly reduced, and the temperature of the cooling water is hardly reduced to a desired temperature, thereby deteriorating the cooling of the engine and further reducing the operating efficiency of the engine. If the adverse effect of hot air reflux is offset by increasing the size of the radiator core in the early stage of radiator core design, the design cost and verification cost increase due to difficulty in obtaining an accurate thermal calculation model, and in addition, the manufacturing cost of the entire radiator core may also increase.

The second cooling arrangement 1″ shown in fig. 2 is a conventional modification of the first cooling arrangement 1' shown in fig. 1. Specifically, the same cooling arrangement as that shown in fig. 1 is also comprised of a radiator 11 and a second cooling fan F1 "disposed near the radiator core. The second cooling fan F1″ is fixed to the fan driving shaft DR through a central fixing plate. Blades of the second cooling fan F1″ extend from the four circumferences of the central fixed disk. In contrast, the second cooling arrangement 1 "shown in fig. 2 comprises a circular baffle 12 arranged on the right side of the radiator 11 core (i.e. downstream of the radiator core). The size of the circular baffle plate basically corresponds to the projection size of the fan central fixed disk D in the air flow direction. As shown in fig. 2, a low pressure region is formed on the right side of the baffle plate, and the hot air flowing from the radiator core around the baffle plate flows back to the baffle plate. By means of the baffle plate, part of the high-temperature air flow back RF can be blocked from entering the radiator core, so that the radiator core is protected, and the hot air reflux quantity in the radiator core is reduced. Furthermore, it can also be seen from fig. 2 that the air flow path from the fan runs directly into the radiator core, whereas the downstream region of the central fixing disk is in a low-pressure region, from which little air flow starts into the radiator core, and that a part of the air flow flowing out from the right side of the radiator core flows out from the gap near the outer periphery of the baffle. Therefore, in the upstream region of the baffle, a dead zone DZ is formed in the shielded region of the radiator core corresponding to the baffle. Due to the dead zone, the heat exchange efficiency of the partially shielded radiator core is almost zero. If the influence of dead zone is not considered in the early design stage or the analysis precision is inaccurate, overheat can occur in the use process of the after-sales machine, and the after-sales cost is increased. While if the reduction in heat dissipation efficiency due to the addition of the baffle plate is considered, an increase in the size of the heat dissipation core is required to counteract the negative effect of the "dead zone", resulting in an increase in design cost and verification cost, and an increase in manufacturing cost of the cooling system.

Fig. 3 shows a cooling arrangement 1 for a working machine according to the utility model. The cooling arrangement comprises a radiator 11 and a fan module F for generating an air flow through the radiator core. The fan module includes a first fan F1 and a second fan F2 that are both blowing fans and are located on the same side of the radiator core. The first fan F1 is fixed to the fan driving shaft DR by a central fixing plate D. The blades of the first fan extend from the central fixed disk D. The blade diameter of the first fan is larger than the blade diameter of the second fan. The second fan F2 is located between the first fan and the radiator core and is positioned downstream of the central fixed disk D of the first fan in the air flow direction. The dimensions, rotational speed and distance of the first and second fans relative to the radiator core are configured such that hot air backflow in or near the radiator core downstream of the central fixed disk of the first fan is avoided.

In the advantageous embodiment shown, the blade diameter of the second fan F2 is greater than the diameter of the central fixed disk of the first fan F1. Therefore, the turbulence generated by the rotation of the second fan is sufficient to change the negative pressure formed near the center fixed disk of the first fan to the positive pressure. Preferably, the second fan is positioned close to the central fixed disk of the first fan. By this configuration, the formation of negative pressure near the wind-in side of the radiator core near the center fixed disk of the first fan is effectively avoided.

Preferably, the rotation speed of the first fan and the rotation speed of the second fan are different. The more the rotation speeds of the two fans are different or the larger the rotation speed difference is, the more turbulent flow is formed by the second fan near the central fixed disk of the first fan, which is more beneficial to reducing the reflux quantity of hot air. It is particularly preferred that the rotational speed of the second fan is higher than the rotational speed of the first fan. And strong turbulence is generated in the downstream central area of the first fan through the rotation of the second fan, so that air flow is pushed to pass through the radiator core, and the hot air reflux quantity is greatly reduced.

In the illustrated embodiment, the first fan F1 is fixedly mounted on and rotated by an output shaft S1 of an engine of the construction machine by a central fixed disk thereof. Thus, the engine output shaft S1 serves as a fan drive shaft of the first fan. Advantageously, the second fan F2 is driven by a motor. The second fan is mounted in place, for example, by a support frame. Thus, the first fan does not need to be disassembled, and only the second fan needs to be installed at a proper position between the first fan and the radiator core. The whole system has low installation cost and low maintenance cost.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the first fan is mounted on and rotated by the output shaft S1 of the engine of the working machine, and the second fan is rotated by an auxiliary rotating shaft S2 connected to the output shaft of the engine, the auxiliary rotating shaft and the output shaft of the engine being connected by a clutch transmission 13. Therefore, the first fan and the second fan are driven to rotate by the engine at the same time, and the second fan can be rapidly switched to different rotational speeds through the clutch speed changing mechanism, so that the rotational speeds of the two fans can be adjusted according to the cooling requirement of the radiator core.

The engineering machinery provided by the utility model has the cooling arrangement structure, so that hot air backflow in the radiator can be effectively avoided, the core efficiency of the radiator is high enough, and cooling water with low enough temperature is provided for the engine cooling jacket, so that overheating of the engine is avoided.

Industrial applicability

The cooling arrangement according to the utility model may be used in a working machine, in particular in a loader.

When the loader is in operation, the engine is operated, generating heat. The heat generated by the engine E is carried away by the cooling water circulating in the cooling jacket. The warmed cooling water flows into the radiator 11 core through heat exchange with the air flow passing through the radiator core, thereby lowering the cooling water temperature. When the first fan F1 and the second fan F2 in the fan module F work simultaneously, the second fan rotates to generate an enhanced air flow, so as to enhance air disturbance at the downstream of the central fixed disk D of the first fan, increase back pressure of a projection area of the air inlet side and the air outlet side of the core body of the radiator 11 in the air flow direction of the central fixed disk of the first fan, and effectively reduce hot air reflux quantity. In addition, the second fan not only blocks hot air backflow, but also can increase ventilation of the radiator core body and increase overall heat exchange efficiency of the radiator core body, so that the size of the radiator core body is reduced, and manufacturing cost is further reduced.

In the description of the present specification, the terms "mounted," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly, and "connected" may be, for example, a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection. The specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present utility model will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific circumstances.

In the description of the present specification, the term "embodiment" or the like means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in the embodiment or example. Those of skill in the art will understand that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with different embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the embodiment of the present utility model, and various modifications and variations can be made to the embodiment of the present utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the embodiments of the present utility model should be included in the protection scope of the embodiments of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A cooling arrangement for a construction machine comprising a radiator and a fan module for generating an air flow through the radiator core, characterized in that the fan module comprises a first fan and a second fan which are both blowing fans and are located on the same side of the radiator core, the first fan having a larger blade diameter than the second fan, the second fan being located between the first fan and the radiator core and being located in the air flow direction downstream of a central fixing disc of the first fan, the first fan being fixed to a fan drive shaft by means of the central fixing disc, the dimensions, rotational speed and distance relative to the radiator core of the first fan being so configured that hot air backflow in or near the radiator core downstream of the central fixing disc of the first fan can be avoided.

2. The cooling arrangement of claim 1, wherein a blade diameter of the second fan is greater than a diameter of the central fixed disk of the first fan.

3. The cooling arrangement of claim 1, wherein the second fan is positioned proximate to the central fixed disk of the first fan.

4. The cooling arrangement of claim 1, wherein a rotational speed of the second fan is higher than a rotational speed of the first fan.

5. The cooling arrangement according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the fan drive shaft is an output shaft of an engine of a work machine.

6. The cooling arrangement of claim 5, wherein the second fan is driven by a motor.

7. The cooling arrangement of claim 6, wherein the second fan is mounted in place by a support frame.

8. The cooling arrangement of claim 5, wherein the second fan is rotated by an auxiliary shaft coupled to an output shaft of the engine, the auxiliary shaft and the engine output shaft being coupled by a clutch transmission.

9. A working machine comprising a cooling arrangement according to any one of claims 1-8.

10. The work machine of claim 9, wherein the work machine is a loader.