CN219562252U - Workpiece positioning pin - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of reverse gear processing tools, and particularly discloses a workpiece positioning pin, which comprises a pin head and a pin rod which are fixedly connected, wherein the length of the pin head is smaller than that of the pin rod, and the size of the pin rod is matched with the size of a pin hole on a positioning plate; still include spacing post, spacing post is connected in the one end that the pin head was kept away from to the round pin pole, and the diameter of spacing post and the external spline of reverse gear adjacent two key teeth between the distance phase-match. By adopting the technical scheme provided by the utility model, the technical problems of low processing efficiency and poor processing quality caused by the fact that the locating pin in the prior art is not suitable for processing the end face groove of the reverse gear can be solved.

Description

Workpiece positioning pin

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of reverse gear machining tools, in particular to a workpiece positioning pin.

Background

When the outer circular groove and the end face groove of the reverse gear are machined, the reverse gear is fixed on the five-axis machining center through a positioning tool, so that radial and axial rotation of the reverse gear is realized.

Positioning tool in the prior art comprises a positioning plate and a positioning pin. When the gear shifting device is used, the positioning plate is connected to the five-axis machining center through the center screw, the reverse gear is clamped between the positioning plate and the five-axis positioning center, and the axial movement of the reverse gear is limited; the positioning plate is provided with a pin hole corresponding to the external spline of the reverse gear, and a positioning pin is inserted in the pin hole and extends between two adjacent key teeth to limit the radial movement and rotation of the reverse gear; therefore, the positioning tool realizes positioning of the reverse gear so as to process the outer circular surface and the end surface of the reverse gear.

In order to realize quick connection and disassembly, the positioning pin in the positioning tool usually adopts a step-type positioning pin, but the common step-type positioning pin has the following problems in the use process:

1. the diameter of the lower section of the locating pin is larger, after the locating pin passes through the pin hole of the locating plate, the locating pin is difficult to insert between two adjacent key teeth of the external spline of the reverse gear to realize radial and rotation limiting of the reverse gear, and the locating pin is not suitable for machining of the external circular groove and the end face groove of the reverse gear.

2. The locating pin hypomere is shorter than the locating pin hypomere, then when processing outer circular groove and the terminal surface groove to reverse gear, the locating pin hypomere of length is difficult to be connected with the locating plate is stable, leads to the locating pin to become flexible because of the vibrations that processing produced easily in the course of working, and the position stability of reverse gear reduces after the locating pin is not hard up, can not only influence processingquality, still can restrict the processing linear velocity and the feed volume of cutter to unable the improvement processing velocity.

3. When the end face groove of the reverse gear is machined, the positioning pin and the cutter are in a vertical state, and the cutter is interfered by the overlong length of the positioning pin, so that the positioning pin needs to be stopped after the outer circle groove is machined and before the end face groove is machined, and the machining efficiency is low; and after the locating pin is taken down, the position stability of the reverse gear is reduced, and the processing quality is reduced.

Therefore, a workpiece positioning pin suitable for machining the outer circular groove and the end surface groove of the reverse gear is needed to improve the machining efficiency and the machining quality of the reverse gear.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide a workpiece positioning pin to solve the technical problems of low machining efficiency and poor machining quality caused by the fact that the positioning pin in the prior art is not suitable for machining an end face groove of a reverse gear.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

the workpiece positioning pin comprises a pin head and a pin rod which are fixedly connected, the length of the pin head is smaller than that of the pin rod, and the size of the pin rod is matched with the size of the pin hole on the positioning plate; still include spacing post, spacing post is connected in the one end that the pin head was kept away from to the round pin pole, and the diameter of spacing post and the external spline of reverse gear adjacent two key teeth between the distance phase-match.

The principle and the advantages of the scheme are as follows:

1. the processing method is suitable for processing the outer circular groove and the end surface groove of the reverse gear: by adopting the scheme, as the size of the pin rod (corresponding to the lower section of the positioning pin in the prior art) is matched with the size of the pin hole on the positioning plate, after the pin rod is inserted into the pin hole of the positioning plate, the pin hole limits the pin rod, so that the whole workpiece positioning pin is connected with the positioning plate; at the moment, as the size of the limiting post is matched with the distance between two adjacent key teeth of the external spline of the reverse gear, the limiting post can be inserted between the two adjacent key teeth after passing through the pin hole, so that the radial and rotation limiting of the reverse gear is realized; therefore, the scheme is suitable for machining the outer circular groove and the end surface groove of the reverse gear.

2. Can effectively promote machining efficiency: by adopting the scheme, as the length of the pin head (corresponding to the upper section of the positioning pin in the prior art) is smaller than that of the pin rod, the length of the pin head is shorter, and the pin head cannot interfere with the work of a cutter when the end face groove of the reverse gear is processed, the workpiece positioning pin is not required to be taken down by stopping before processing, and the processing efficiency can be effectively improved; in addition, the size of the pin rod is matched with the size of the pin hole on the positioning plate, the size of the limiting column is matched with the distance between two adjacent key teeth of the external spline of the reverse gear, the pin rod and the limiting column are respectively limited in the pin hole and between the two adjacent key teeth, the double limiting can improve the position stability of the workpiece positioning pin, and the workpiece positioning pin is prevented from loosening due to vibration generated in the processing process, so that the processing linear speed and the feeding amount of a cutter can be improved, and the processing speed is further improved.

3. Is favorable for ensuring the processing quality: by adopting the scheme, the workpiece locating pin is not required to be taken down after the outer circular groove is machined and before the end surface groove is machined, and the workpiece locating pin is stable in position and difficult to loosen due to vibration generated by machining in the machining process, so that the position stability of the reverse gear in the machining process can be effectively improved, the machining quality of the outer circular groove and the end surface groove of the reverse gear is guaranteed, and the product quality is improved.

Preferably, as an improvement, the limiting column is in a shape of a truncated cone, and the diameter of the limiting column gradually decreases along a direction away from the pin rod.

By adopting the scheme, when the positioning pin of the whole workpiece is inserted into the pin hole of the positioning plate, the round table-shaped limit column with the diameter gradually reduced along the direction away from the pin rod can pass through the pin hole more smoothly, so that the pin rod is led to enter the pin hole to realize the connection with the positioning plate; in addition, the round table-shaped limit column can smoothly enter between two adjacent key teeth to limit the reverse gear, so that the connecting efficiency of the workpiece positioning pin can be improved, and the overall machining efficiency is improved.

Preferably, as an improvement, a connecting column is arranged between the limiting column and the pin rod, the connecting column and the limiting column are integrally formed, and the diameter of the connecting column is the same as the diameter of the limiting column, which is close to the pin rod end.

By adopting the scheme, the connecting column is integrally formed at one end, close to the pin rod, of the limiting column, and the diameter of the connecting column is identical to that of the limiting column, close to the pin rod end, and then the connecting column and the limiting column are used as a whole, so that the structural strength of the connecting column and the pin rod connecting section can be improved, the workpiece locating pin is prevented from being broken from the position, close to the pin rod, of the limiting column, and the service life is prolonged.

Preferably, as an improvement, the pin rod comprises a transition section and a connecting section, the transition section is located between the limiting column and the connecting section, and the diameter of the transition section gradually increases from one end close to the limiting column to one end close to the connecting section until the diameter of the transition section is the same as that of the connecting section.

By adopting the scheme, the transition section of the pin rod is positioned between the limiting column and the connecting section of the pin rod, and the diameter of the transition section is gradually increased from one end close to the limiting column to one end close to the connecting section, so that the transition section can further improve the smoothness of the pin rod inserted into the pin hole when connecting the workpiece positioning pin and the positioning plate, thereby improving the connection convenience of the workpiece positioning pin.

Preferably, as an improvement, the included angle between the extension lines of the two symmetrical buses of the limiting post is 10-15 degrees.

By adopting the scheme, the included angle between the extension lines of the two symmetrical buses of the limiting post is set to be 10-15 degrees, so that the limiting post can be ensured to be smoothly inserted between two adjacent key teeth of the external spline of the reverse gear, and the radial and rotation limiting of the reverse gear can be realized; and the length of the limiting post inserted between two adjacent key teeth can be ensured to be long enough, firstly, the reverse gear is effectively limited in the machining process, secondly, the positioning stability of the workpiece positioning pin can be improved, the workpiece positioning pin is prevented from loosening due to vibration in the machining process, and the machining quality is ensured. If the included angle between the extension lines of the two symmetrical buses of the limiting column is too large and is larger than 15 degrees, the diameter of the end part of the limiting column far away from the pin rod is too large, so that the length of the limiting column inserted between two adjacent key teeth is shorter, and even the limiting column is difficult to insert between the two adjacent key teeth, and at the moment, the limiting column cannot effectively limit the reverse gear in the machining process; if the included angle between the extension lines of two symmetrical buses of the limiting column is too small and smaller than 10 degrees, the taper of the limiting column is too large, the diameter of the end part of the limiting column, which is far away from the pin rod, is too small, and although the length of the limiting column, which is inserted between two adjacent key teeth, is longer at the moment, the contact between the limiting column and the outer wall of the reverse gear is limited, so that the reverse gear cannot be effectively limited in the machining process, and even the positioning stability of the workpiece positioning pin is difficult to ensure, and the workpiece positioning pin is easy to loosen due to vibration.

Preferably, as a modification, the length of the limiting post is 3-7 mm.

By adopting the scheme, the length of the limiting post is set to 3-7 mm, so that the limiting post can be ensured to have enough limiting length, thereby enabling the limiting post to be fully contacted with the outer wall of the reverse gear, improving the limiting stability of the workpiece positioning workpiece to the reverse gear, and being beneficial to improving the positioning stability of the workpiece positioning pin. On the basis of the same taper, if the length of the limiting post is too short and is smaller than 3mm, the limiting post is not fully contacted with the reverse gear, and the limiting stability of the reverse gear and the positioning stability of the reverse gear cannot be effectively ensured; if the length of spacing post overlength is greater than 7mm, then spacing post and back gear fully contact back, the one section that the pin was kept away from to spacing post is difficult to with back gear outer wall contact because of the diameter is too little, can't provide value for improving the spacing stability and the self positional stability of back gear, leads to the waste of material.

Preferably, as a modification, the length of the pin rod is 1.7-2.8 times of the length of the pin head.

By adopting the scheme, the length of the pin rod is set to be 1.7-2.8 times of the length of the pin head, so that the interference of the pin head to a cutter in the machining process of the end face groove of the reverse gear can be effectively avoided on the premise of conveniently taking the pin head, and therefore the workpiece locating pin is not required to be taken down after the outer circular groove is machined and before the end face groove is machined, the machining efficiency of the reverse gear is improved, and the machining quality can be guaranteed. If the length of the pin head is longer, namely the length of the pin head is greater than 1/1.7 of the length of the pin rod, the pin head still easily interferes with a cutter in the machining process of the end face groove of the reverse gear, and the workpiece positioning pin needs to be removed by stopping before machining, so that the machining efficiency and the machining quality cannot be improved; if the length of the pin head is shorter, namely the length of the pin head is smaller than 1/2.8 of the length of the pin rod, a worker is difficult to realize quick installation and disassembly of the whole workpiece positioning pin by holding the pin head, so that the convenience of installation and disassembly of the workpiece positioning pin is reduced, and the whole machining efficiency is not improved.

Preferably, as a modification, the outer circumferential surface of the pin head is provided with anti-slip patterns.

By adopting the scheme, the anti-skid patterns are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the pin head, so that workers can conveniently take the whole workpiece positioning pin through the pin head, the workpiece positioning pin can be quickly installed and detached, and the overall machining efficiency is improved.

Preferably, as an improvement, the pin further comprises an auxiliary processing section, wherein the auxiliary processing section is connected to one end of the pin head away from the pin rod.

By adopting the scheme, the auxiliary processing section is arranged at one end of the pin head, far away from the pin rod, and then the round table-shaped limit column and the transition section with variable outer diameter are processed, the auxiliary processing section is convenient to clamp and fix the whole workpiece processing pin, so that the processing accuracy is ensured, and the processing quality of the workpiece processing pin is improved.

Preferably, as an improvement, a tool retracting groove is formed at the joint of the auxiliary processing section and the pin head along the circumferential direction.

By adopting the scheme, the cutter withdrawal groove is formed in the joint of the auxiliary processing section and the pin head along the circumferential direction, and after the limit column, the transition section and other positions of the workpiece positioning pin are processed, the pin head and the auxiliary processing section can be cut at the cutter withdrawal groove so as to accurately remove the auxiliary processing section from the pin head, thereby forming a final workpiece positioning pin product.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a top view of a reverse gear.

Fig. 2 is a top view of the locating plate.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 1 of the present utility model.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 2 of the present utility model.

Detailed Description

The following is a further detailed description of the embodiments:

reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: reverse gear 1, outer circular groove 11, end surface groove 12, external spline 13, locating plate 2, pin hole 21, outer circular notch 22, end surface notch 23, pin body 3, pin head 31, pin rod 32, transition section 321, connecting section 322, connecting column 33, limit column 34, pin body 3', auxiliary processing section 35, tool withdrawal groove 36, and included angle a.

Example 1

The workpiece positioning pin comprises a pin body 3, is used for being inserted into a pin hole 21 formed in a positioning plate 2 shown in fig. 2 in the process of machining an outer circular groove and an 11 end surface groove 12 of a reverse gear 1 shown in fig. 1, and is matched with the positioning plate 2 to position the reverse gear 1. As shown in fig. 1, an external spline 13 is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the outer diameter section of the reverse gear 1; as shown in fig. 2, an outer circular notch 22 is formed at a position of the positioning plate 2 corresponding to the outer circular groove 11, and an end surface notch 23 is formed at a position of the positioning plate 2 corresponding to the end surface groove 12.

The pin body 3, as shown in fig. 3, comprises a pin head 31, a pin rod 32, a connecting column 33 and a limiting column 34 which are fixedly connected in sequence, wherein the pin head 31, the pin rod 32, the connecting column 33 and the limiting column 34 are coaxially arranged and integrally formed.

The length of the pin head 31 is smaller than the length of the pin rod 32, specifically, the length of the pin rod 32 is 1.7-2.8 times of the length of the pin head 31, in this embodiment, the length of the pin head 31 is 4.5mm, and the length of the pin rod 32 is 8.5mm, so that the pin head 31 is ensured to have a sufficient holding length, and the interference to a cutter in the machining process of the end face groove 12 of the reverse gear 1 is avoided. The outer circumferential surface of the pin head 31 is provided with anti-slip patterns to ensure that a worker can quickly assemble and disassemble the whole pin body 3 by effectively holding the pin head 31.

The pin 32 includes a transition section 321 and a connecting section 322, the transition section 321 being located between the limit post 34 and the connecting section 322. The diameter of the transition section 321 increases gradually from the end near the stopper post 34 to the end near the connecting section 322 until the same diameter as the connecting section 322. The size of the connecting section 322 is matched with the size of the pin hole 21 formed on the positioning plate 2, namely, the connecting section 322 can be inserted into the pin hole 21 or can be taken out from the pin hole 21.

The diameter of the limit post 34 is matched with the distance between two adjacent key teeth of the external spline 13 of the reverse gear 1, namely, the limit post 34 can be fully or partially inserted between the two adjacent key teeth. The limiting column 34 is in a truncated cone shape, and the diameter of the limiting column 34 gradually decreases along the direction away from the pin rod 32; while the diameter of the connecting post 33 is the same as the diameter of the limit post 34 near the end of the pin 32. The included angle between the extension lines of the two symmetrical buses of the limiting post 34 is marked as a, as shown in fig. 3, a is 10-15 degrees, and a is 12 degrees in the embodiment, so that the limiting post 34 is fully contacted with the reverse gear 1, and the position stability of the pin body 3 is improved while the reverse gear 1 is effectively limited. The length of the spacing post 34 is 3 ~ 7mm, and the length of spacing post 34 is 6mm in this embodiment to further ensure spacing post 34 and the abundant contact of reverse gear 1, when carrying out effective spacing to reverse gear 1, avoid spacing post 34 to take place not hard up in the course of working.

The specific implementation process is as follows:

(1) Installing a workpiece and a positioning tool: the workpiece to be processed is placed on a five-axis machining center, the positioning plate 2 is coaxially placed on the workpiece, and the positioning plate 2 is connected to the five-axis machining center through a center screw, so that the axial limit of the workpiece is realized; and then the pin body 3 is vertically inserted into the pin hole 21 of the positioning plate 2, so that the pin rod 32 is positioned in the pin hole 21, and the limiting column 34 is positioned between two adjacent key teeth of the external spline 13 of the reverse gear 1, thereby realizing the radial and rotational limiting of the workpiece.

(2) Processing an outer circular groove 11: the five-axis machining center controls the workpiece to axially rotate, so that the axis of the workpiece is in a horizontal state, and the cutter cuts the outer circumferential surface of the small-diameter section of the workpiece at the corresponding position of the outer circular notch 22 of the positioning plate 2 to form the outer circular groove 11.

(3) End face groove 12 processing: after the outer circular groove 11 is machined, the five-axis machining center controls the workpiece to axially rotate, so that the axis of the workpiece is in a vertical state, and the cutter cuts the upper end face of the workpiece at the position corresponding to the end face notch 23 of the locating plate 2 to form the end face groove 12.

(4) Taking out the reverse gear 1: after the end face groove 12 is machined, the reverse gear 1 shown in fig. 1 is formed, at the moment, the five-axis machining center is stopped, the pin body 3 and the positioning plate 2 are disassembled in sequence, and the machined reverse gear 1 can be taken out from the five-axis machining center.

Example 2

The workpiece positioning pin, including the pin body 3', as shown in fig. 4, differs from embodiment 1 in that: an auxiliary processing section 35 is coaxially and integrally formed at one end of the pin head 31 far away from the pin rod 32, so that the pin body 3' is conveniently clamped and processed through the auxiliary processing section 35; the joint of the auxiliary processing section 35 and the pin head 31 is provided with a tool withdrawal groove 36 along the axial direction, so that after the pin body 3' is processed, the auxiliary processing section 35 is cut off at the tool withdrawal groove 36 to form the final workpiece positioning pin product.

The foregoing is merely exemplary of the present utility model, and specific technical solutions and/or features that are well known in the art have not been described in detail herein. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the technical solution of the present utility model, and these should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present utility model, which does not affect the effect of the implementation of the present utility model and the practical applicability of the patent. The protection scope of the present utility model is subject to the content of the claims, and the description of the specific embodiments and the like in the specification can be used for explaining the content of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. Workpiece positioning pin, its characterized in that: the pin head is smaller than the pin rod in length, and the size of the pin rod is matched with the size of the pin hole on the positioning plate; still include spacing post, spacing post is connected in the one end that the pin head was kept away from to the round pin pole, and the diameter of spacing post and the external spline of reverse gear adjacent two key teeth between the distance phase-match.

2. The workpiece locating pin of claim 1, wherein: the limiting column is in a round table shape, and the diameter of the limiting column is gradually reduced along the direction away from the pin rod.

3. The workpiece locating pin of claim 2, wherein: and a connecting column is arranged between the limiting column and the pin rod, the connecting column and the limiting column are integrally formed, and the diameter of the connecting column is the same as the diameter of the limiting column, which is close to the end of the pin rod.

4. The workpiece locating pin of claim 2, wherein: the pin rod comprises a transition section and a connecting section, wherein the transition section is positioned between the limiting column and the connecting section, and the diameter of the transition section gradually increases from one end close to the limiting column to one end close to the connecting section until the diameter of the transition section is the same as that of the connecting section.

5. The workpiece locating pin of claim 2, wherein: the included angle between the extension lines of the two symmetrical buses of the limiting column is 10-15 degrees.

6. The workpiece locating pin of claim 5, wherein: the length of the limiting column is 3-7 mm.

7. The workpiece locating pin of claim 1, wherein: the length of the pin rod is 1.7-2.8 times of the length of the pin head.

8. The workpiece locating pin of claim 7, wherein: the outer circumferential surface of the pin head is provided with anti-skid patterns.

9. The workpiece positioning pin of any of claims 1-8, wherein: the auxiliary processing section is connected to one end of the pin head, which is far away from the pin rod.

10. The workpiece locating pin of claim 9, wherein: and a tool retracting groove is formed in the joint of the auxiliary processing section and the pin head along the circumferential direction.