CN219398784U - Power battery pack fire extinguishing and explosion suppression system - Google Patents
Power battery pack fire extinguishing and explosion suppression system Download PDFInfo
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- CN219398784U CN219398784U CN202222572601.2U CN202222572601U CN219398784U CN 219398784 U CN219398784 U CN 219398784U CN 202222572601 U CN202222572601 U CN 202222572601U CN 219398784 U CN219398784 U CN 219398784U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a power battery pack fire-extinguishing and explosion-suppressing system, which comprises a battery box body and a fire-extinguishing device, wherein the fire-extinguishing device comprises a plurality of pressure containers, a plurality of fire-extinguishing pipelines, a plurality of detection assemblies, a plurality of control valves and a main control module; the pressure containers store fire extinguishing gas, and the pressure containers are fixedly connected with the battery box body; the fire extinguishing pipelines are arranged around the periphery of the battery modules and connected with the pressure container so as to supply fire extinguishing gas to the fire extinguishing pipelines through the pressure container; the fire extinguishing pipeline is provided with a plurality of prefabricated nozzles, a plurality of control valves are arranged on the fire extinguishing pipeline, and each control valve is positioned between a pressure container and a corresponding prefabricated nozzle; a plurality of detection components are arranged in the battery box body; and the detection assemblies and the control valves are electrically connected with the main control module. The utility model is designed mainly aiming at the easy ignition point in the power battery pack, and the fire extinguishing gas can be emitted from the prefabricated nozzle preferentially to perform primary fire extinguishing and explosion suppression on the easy ignition point.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of power battery packs, in particular to a power battery pack fire-extinguishing explosion-suppressing system.
Background
The power battery has been widely used in the fields of electric automobiles, energy storage, aerospace and the like, and the safety problem of the power battery is more and more prominent. When the power battery is used in the fields of electric automobiles, energy storage and the like, the power battery is generally in the form of a whole power battery pack. The power battery system is generally composed of power battery cells (hereinafter referred to as cells) assembled into a power battery module (hereinafter referred to as a built-up module), and the module is placed in a power battery box (hereinafter referred to as a battery pack).
In the use process of the battery cell, when the battery cell encounters the conditions of excessive discharge, short circuit, strong external force action and the like, electrolyte is easy to decompose, toxic and inflammable smoke is generated, and serious safety accidents such as fire, explosion and the like can occur when the smoke concentration is too high. The battery cells are generally assembled into a battery module in a plurality of stacked forms by corresponding structures, and the anode and cathode of the battery cells and the safety valve are all oriented on one side (generally, the top is upward) of the battery module, so that the battery cells are generally provided with a safety valve on the top. The safety valve is an important explosion-proof barrier of the battery cell. When the internal pressure of the battery cell is overlarge, the top safety valve of the battery cell can be broken to realize the exhausting and pressure reduction, so that the explosion of the battery cell is avoided. Patent number CN113113709a discloses a battery pack and fire extinguishing device thereof, through setting up exhaust pipeline with relief valve exhaust gas discharge box first to detect its temperature, rethread fire extinguishing pipeline carries fire extinguishing gas in to the exhaust pipeline, in order to reach explosion-proof fire prevention's purpose. However, the battery cell also stores an electrolyte, which is one of the main components of the lithium ion battery and is composed of organic carbonate. Once the electrolyte in the battery cell leaks in the air, fire and explosion accidents are extremely easy to happen. After the safety valve of the battery core is opened, chemical substances leaked from the battery core are still enriched in the battery pack, the exhaust pipeline in the patent can not effectively discharge electrolyte, the electrolyte can chemically react with oxygen in air under the condition of high temperature, the condition of fire can still occur, and the explosion of the whole battery system can be caused if serious, so that the position of the battery core is an extremely important ignition point of the whole power battery pack, the battery pack needs to be responsible for the safe operation of the whole power battery system and bears the responsibility of the last fire wall, and therefore, a fire-extinguishing and explosion-suppressing system for the power battery pack needs to be developed, primary fire extinguishment is effectively performed aiming at the ignition point position of the battery pack, the inflammable source is effectively suppressed, and the safety problems such as spontaneous combustion and explosion of the power battery are suppressed.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides a fire-extinguishing explosion-suppressing system of a power battery pack, which is mainly designed aiming at easy-to-fire points in the power battery pack, wherein prefabricated nozzles are arranged according to the positions of the easy-to-fire points, and fire-extinguishing gas can be emitted from the prefabricated nozzles preferentially to perform primary fire-extinguishing explosion-suppressing on the easy-to-fire points.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows:
the power battery pack fire-extinguishing and explosion-suppressing system comprises a battery box body and a fire-extinguishing device, wherein the battery box body is provided with a closed cavity structure, a plurality of battery modules are arranged in the battery box body, and the fire-extinguishing device comprises a plurality of pressure containers, a plurality of fire-extinguishing pipelines, a plurality of detection assemblies, a plurality of control valves and a main control module; the pressure containers are used for storing fire extinguishing gas, and a plurality of the pressure containers are fixedly connected with the battery box body; the fire extinguishing pipelines are arranged around the periphery of the battery modules and connected with the pressure container so as to supply fire extinguishing gas to the fire extinguishing pipelines through the pressure container; the battery module is provided with a plurality of prefabricated nozzles, and the direction of each prefabricated nozzle corresponds to the position of a safety valve of each battery core; the control valves are arranged on the fire extinguishing pipeline, each control valve is positioned between one pressure container and the corresponding prefabricated nozzle, and the control valve is used for controlling the on-off of the fire extinguishing pipeline; the detection assemblies are arranged in the battery box body and used for monitoring the state in the battery box body; the detection assemblies and the control valves are electrically connected with the main control module, and the main control module is used for controlling the detection assemblies and the control valves to work.
Further, a single air leakage hole is formed in the position, corresponding to the battery core safety valve, of the fire extinguishing pipeline to form the prefabricated nozzle.
Further, a plurality of densely distributed small holes are formed in the position, corresponding to the battery core safety valve, of the fire extinguishing pipeline to form the prefabricated nozzle.
Further, the fire extinguishing pipeline is pre-pressed at the position corresponding to the battery core safety valve to form a prefabricated notch, and the prefabricated notch is broken to form the prefabricated nozzle after being inflated and pressed.
Further, the peripheral side of the prefabricated nozzle is connected with a covering layer in a sealing mode, and the covering layer is made of a hot-melting material.
Further, the detection assembly comprises a plurality of temperature sensors, a plurality of smoke sensors, a plurality of air pressure sensors and a plurality of current sensors; the temperature sensors, the smoke sensors, the air pressure sensors and the current sensors are all connected with the main control module point; each current sensor is electrically connected with one battery module and is used for monitoring the charge and discharge current of the battery module; one side of each battery module is provided with a temperature sensor and a smoke sensor; the air pressure sensors are distributed in the battery box body.
Further, the fire extinguishing gas is a gas having flame retardant capability.
Further, the fire extinguishing gas is a mixed gas of nitrogen and carbon dioxide.
Further, the valve core of the control valve is made of a hot-melting material.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:
1) The utility model is mainly designed aiming at the easy ignition point in the power battery pack, the prefabricated nozzle is arranged according to the position of the easy ignition point, and the fire extinguishing gas can be emitted from the prefabricated nozzle preferentially to perform primary fire extinguishing and explosion suppression on the easy ignition point; the electric core is one of the emergence sources of power battery fire accident, and the electric core generally sets up in the top of battery module, consequently, one side of each battery module all needs to set up a fire extinguishing pipeline, and the prefabricated spout on the fire extinguishing pipeline corresponds the relief valve one side that is located the electric core, when detecting the subassembly and detecting safety alarm, opens the control valve, and fire extinguishing gas first time supplies to fire extinguishing pipeline and jets out from prefabricated spout, and then sprays electric core relief valve position, suppresses the intensity of a fire and spread.
2) The cladding layer has a lower melting point, and can be made of materials with melting point temperature lower than 200 degrees, and can be heated and melted in a proper temperature range to spray fire extinguishing gas.
3) The temperature sensor monitors the temperature change in the detectable range, the smoke sensor monitors the smoke concentration in the detectable range, the air pressure sensor monitors the air pressure change in the battery box body, the current sensor monitors whether the charge and discharge current of each battery module exceeds the standard, whether fire occurs in the power battery pack or not is judged according to various working conditions, and then the main control module actively opens the control valve to supply fire extinguishing gas so as to inhibit the fire source.
4) The valve core can be made of low-melting-point materials, and when the temperature rises, the valve core can be melted and then passively opened, so that fire extinguishing gas leaks out and is supplied to each fire extinguishing pipeline, and the problem that fire cannot be extinguished due to failure of the control valve is avoided.
Drawings
The utility model is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the fire extinguishing apparatus of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a first mode of prefabricating spouts in accordance with the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the prefabricated spout according to the present utility model;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of a prefabricated spout according to the present utility model;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the cover layer according to the present utility model;
fig. 6 is an enlarged view at a in fig. 1.
The attached drawings are identified:
1-battery box, 2-fire extinguishing device, 3-battery module, 4-relief valve, 21-pressure vessel, 22-fire extinguishing pipeline, 23-detection component, 24-control valve, 221-prefabricated nozzle, 222-cover layer, 231-temperature sensor, 232-smoke sensor and 233-air pressure sensor.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the utility model. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When a component is considered to be "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or intervening components may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present, as well as being disposed not only in an intermediate position but also in both ends as far as they are within the scope defined by the intermediate position. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this utility model belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the utility model is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the utility model. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, a power battery pack fire-extinguishing and explosion-suppressing system comprises a battery box body 1 and a fire-extinguishing device 2, wherein the battery box body 1 is provided with a closed cavity structure, a plurality of battery modules 3 are arranged in the battery box body 1, and the fire-extinguishing device 2 comprises a plurality of pressure containers 21, a plurality of fire-extinguishing pipelines 22, a plurality of detection assemblies 23, a plurality of control valves 24 and a main control module; the pressure containers 21 store fire extinguishing gas, and a plurality of the pressure containers 21 are fixedly connected with the battery box body 1; a plurality of fire extinguishing pipes 22 surrounding the plurality of battery modules 3 at the circumference side, the fire extinguishing pipes 22 being connected with the pressure container 21 to supply fire extinguishing gas to the fire extinguishing pipes 22 through the pressure container 21; the battery module 3 is provided with a fire extinguishing pipeline 22 at a position close to the battery core, the fire extinguishing pipeline 22 is provided with a plurality of prefabricated nozzles 221, and the direction of each prefabricated nozzle 221 corresponds to the position of the safety valve 4 of each battery core; a plurality of control valves 24 are installed on the fire extinguishing pipeline 22, each control valve 24 is positioned between one pressure container 21 and the corresponding prefabricated nozzle 221, and the control valves are used for controlling the on-off of the fire extinguishing pipeline 22; a plurality of detection assemblies 23 are arranged in the battery box body 1 and are used for monitoring the state in the battery box body 1; the detection assemblies 23 and the control valves 24 are electrically connected with the main control module, and the main control module is used for controlling the detection assemblies 24 and the control valves 23 to work. Specifically, the pressure container 21 may adopt a gas tank, and the shape and size of the gas tank may be determined according to the layout of the battery pack; the fire extinguishing pipeline 22 can adopt a rubber hose, the trend can be determined according to the layout in the battery box body 1, and the installation is convenient; the pressure container 21 can be arranged in the battery box body 1 in a centralized or decentralized manner and is fixedly connected with the battery box body 1; the pressure vessel 21 can also be arranged outside the battery box body and connected with the battery box body 1 through a pipeline; the power sources of the main control module, the detection assembly 23 and the control valve 24 are externally supplied; the detecting component 23 is used for monitoring the states of temperature, air pressure, smoke and the like in the battery box body 1, and can judge whether a fire condition occurs or not; the control valve 24 is used for controlling the release of the fire extinguishing gas in the fire extinguishing container 21 for supply to the corresponding fire extinguishing line 22; the fire extinguishing pipeline 22 bypasses each battery module 3 according to the arrangement of the battery modules 3, and the fire extinguishing pipeline 22 is fixed in position through a plurality of pipe clamps after being arranged. The utility model is mainly designed aiming at the easy ignition point in the power battery pack, the prefabricated nozzle is arranged according to the position of the easy ignition point, and the fire extinguishing gas can be emitted from the prefabricated nozzle preferentially to perform primary fire extinguishing and explosion suppression on the easy ignition point. Taking the position of the safety valve 4 of the battery core of the battery module 3 as an example, the safety valve of the battery core is one of the sources of occurrence of fire accidents of the power battery, as shown in fig. 1 and 6, the position of the safety valve 4 of the battery core is generally set at the top of the battery module 3, therefore, one side of each battery module 3 needs to be provided with a fire extinguishing pipeline 22, a prefabricated nozzle 221 on the fire extinguishing pipeline 22 is correspondingly located at one side of the safety valve 4 of the battery core, when the detection assembly 23 detects a safety alarm, the control valve 24 is opened, fire extinguishing gas is supplied to the fire extinguishing pipeline at the first time and is ejected from the prefabricated nozzle 221, and then the position of the safety valve 4 of the battery core is ejected to inhibit fire spreading.
The prefabricated nozzle 221 may be arranged in various ways:
first, as shown in fig. 2, a single venting hole is formed at a position of the fire extinguishing pipeline 22 corresponding to the cell safety valve 4 to form the prefabricated nozzle 221.
Second, as shown in fig. 3, the fire extinguishing pipeline 22 is provided with a plurality of densely distributed small holes corresponding to the position of the cell safety valve 4 to form the prefabricated nozzle 221. The densely distributed small holes can make the structure of the part fragile, and the part is easily spread by air pressure to form a larger notch.
Third, as shown in fig. 4, the fire extinguishing line 22 is pre-pressed corresponding to the position of the cell safety valve 4 to form a pre-cut, and the pre-cut is ruptured to form the pre-made nozzle 221 after being inflated and pressurized. Similarly, the structure at the prefabricated cut is riveted in advance during manufacturing, and the riveting position is weaker than other positions of the fire extinguishing pipeline 22, so that the fire extinguishing pipeline is easily broken by air pressure stretching, and single-point opposite spraying is realized.
It should be understood that the above three embodiments are not limited thereto, but are intended to cover all technical means which are changed, modified or equivalent according to the principle thereof.
Referring to fig. 5, a cover layer 222 is sealed and connected to the outer peripheral side of the prefabricated nozzle 221, and the cover layer 222 is made of a hot-melt material. The cover layer 222 is made of a material with a low melting point, such as PVC material or PP material, and is melted by heating in a suitable temperature range, so that the fire extinguishing gas is sprayed out.
The detecting assembly 23 includes a plurality of temperature sensors 231, a plurality of smoke sensors 232, a plurality of air pressure sensors 233, and a plurality of current sensors (not shown); the temperature sensors 231, the smoke sensors 232, the air pressure sensors 233 and the current sensors are all connected with the main control module point; each current sensor is electrically connected with one battery module 3 and is used for monitoring the charge and discharge current of the battery module 3; one side of each battery module 3 is provided with a temperature sensor 231 and a smoke sensor 232; the air pressure sensor 233 is distributed in the battery case 1. The temperature sensor 231 monitors the temperature change in the detectable range, the smoke sensor 232 monitors the smoke concentration in the detectable range, the air pressure sensor 233 monitors the air pressure change in the battery box 1, the current sensor monitors whether the charge and discharge current of each battery module 3 exceeds the standard, and various working conditions are used for judging whether fire occurs in the power battery pack, so that the main control module actively opens the control valve 24 to supply fire extinguishing gas to inhibit the fire source. The number of the temperature sensor 231, the smoke sensor 232, the air pressure sensor 233 and the current sensor is determined according to the actual situation, and the positions of the plurality of cell safety valves 4 are in the same monitoring range, and the same temperature sensor 231 and the same smoke sensor 232 can be used for monitoring.
The fire extinguishing gas is a gas with flame retarding capability. Specifically, the fire extinguishing gas may be a mixed gas of nitrogen and carbon dioxide, or may be nitrogen or carbon dioxide. When the pressure vessel is inflated, the air pressure in the pressure vessel is not lower than 2 atmospheres.
The valve core of the control valve 24 is made of a hot-melt material. The valve core can be made of metal tin or tinning, and can also be made of other low-melting-point materials, such as nylon materials, when the temperature rises, the valve core can be heated and melted, so that fire extinguishing gas leaks from the pressure container 21 and is supplied to each fire extinguishing pipeline 22, and the condition that the fire extinguishing gas cannot flow out due to failure of the control valve 24 is avoided.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present utility model and not for limiting the same, and any modifications or equivalent substitutions without departing from the spirit and scope of the present utility model should be covered in the scope of the technical solution of the present utility model.
Claims (8)
1. The power battery pack fire-extinguishing and explosion-suppressing system comprises a battery box body and a fire-extinguishing device, wherein the battery box body is provided with a closed cavity structure, and a plurality of battery modules are arranged in the battery box body; the pressure containers are used for storing fire extinguishing gas, and a plurality of the pressure containers are fixedly connected with the battery box body; the fire extinguishing pipelines are arranged around the periphery of the battery modules and connected with the pressure container so as to supply fire extinguishing gas to the fire extinguishing pipelines through the pressure container; the battery module is provided with a plurality of prefabricated nozzles, and the direction of each prefabricated nozzle corresponds to the position of a safety valve of each battery core; the control valves are arranged on the fire extinguishing pipeline, each control valve is positioned between one pressure container and the corresponding prefabricated nozzle, and the control valve is used for controlling the on-off of the fire extinguishing pipeline; the detection assemblies are arranged in the battery box body and used for monitoring the state in the battery box body; the detection assemblies and the control valves are electrically connected with the main control module, and the main control module is used for controlling the detection assemblies and the control valves to work.
2. The power battery pack fire-extinguishing and explosion-suppressing system according to claim 1, wherein a single air vent is formed at a position of the fire-extinguishing pipeline corresponding to the battery cell safety valve to form the prefabricated nozzle.
3. The power battery pack fire-extinguishing and explosion-suppressing system according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of densely-distributed small holes are formed in the position, corresponding to the battery cell safety valve, of the fire-extinguishing pipeline to form the prefabricated nozzle.
4. The fire extinguishing and explosion suppression system of a power battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the fire extinguishing pipeline is pre-pressed at a position corresponding to the battery cell safety valve to form a prefabricated notch, and the prefabricated notch is broken to form the prefabricated nozzle after being inflated and pressed.
5. A fire extinguishing and explosion suppression system for a power battery pack according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein a cover layer is hermetically connected to the outer peripheral side of the prefabricated nozzle, and the cover layer is made of a hot-melt material.
6. The power battery pack fire suppression and explosion suppression system according to claim 1, wherein the detection assembly comprises a plurality of temperature sensors, a plurality of smoke sensors, a plurality of air pressure sensors and a plurality of current sensors; the temperature sensors, the smoke sensors, the air pressure sensors and the current sensors are all connected with the main control module point; each current sensor is electrically connected with one battery module and is used for monitoring the charge and discharge current of the battery module; one side of each battery module is provided with a temperature sensor and a smoke sensor; the air pressure sensors are distributed in the battery box body.
7. The fire suppression and explosion suppression system for a power battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the fire suppression gas is a gas with flame retardant capability.
8. The fire extinguishing and explosion suppression system of a power battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the valve core of the control valve is made of a hot-melt material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222572601.2U CN219398784U (en) | 2022-09-28 | 2022-09-28 | Power battery pack fire extinguishing and explosion suppression system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222572601.2U CN219398784U (en) | 2022-09-28 | 2022-09-28 | Power battery pack fire extinguishing and explosion suppression system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN219398784U true CN219398784U (en) | 2023-07-25 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222572601.2U Active CN219398784U (en) | 2022-09-28 | 2022-09-28 | Power battery pack fire extinguishing and explosion suppression system |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN219398784U (en) |
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2022
- 2022-09-28 CN CN202222572601.2U patent/CN219398784U/en active Active
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