CN219307054U - Femur stem installation tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of medical equipment, and provides a femur stem installation tool, which comprises the following components: the cap body, the positioning bracket and the dismounting rod; the positioning bracket is used for being fixedly connected to the femur handle, a guide hole is formed in the intersection of the positioning bracket and the axial direction, a side hole is formed in the position, close to the guide hole, of the femur handle, and the central axis of the guide hole coincides with the central axis of the side hole; the far end of the cap body is provided with external threads, the near end of the cap body is provided with a disassembly hole along the axial direction of the cap body, the disassembly hole is provided with internal threads, the rotation directions of the internal threads and the external threads are opposite, under the use state, the external threads of the cap body are in threaded connection with the side holes, and the disassembly rod is used for penetrating through the guide holes and is in threaded connection with the internal threads of the cap body sealed on the side holes so as to disassemble the cap body. The femur handle installation fixture of the structure is beneficial to being in sealing connection with the side holes of the femur handle, and the cap body is unscrewed through the disassembling rod after the femur drilling is finished.

Description

Femur stem installation tool

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of medical equipment, in particular to a femur stem installation tool.

Background

The hip joint mainly comprises hip bone and femoral head, wherein the femoral head is embedded in acetabulum, and ligament wraps around the femoral head, so the hip joint is one of main joints of human body. A common treatment for hip arthropathy is femoral head replacement, where the femoral head of the femur is resected and replaced by an implant, where the existing implant typically includes a femoral stem and a ball head, where the femoral stem is implanted in the resected location of the femur during the replacement procedure, where a portion of the femoral stem is inserted into the intramedullary canal of the femur and another portion is exposed to the exterior of the femur, and then the ball head is installed at the area of the femoral stem exposed to the exterior of the femur, where the ball head is used to replace the femoral head.

The existing femoral stem is usually fixed by a lateral bolt, and after the femoral stem is inserted into a medullary cavity, holes are drilled on the lateral side of the femur, and then the lateral bolt is installed, so that the femoral stem is fixed on the lateral side of the femur through the lateral bolt.

The existing femoral stem is usually provided with a central hole penetrating to the side part of the femoral stem at the stem cone, then the central hole of the stem cone passes through a drill, the drill uses the central hole as a guide to open a hole at the side part of the femur, then the drill is used as a guide, and the open hole at the side part of the femur is enlarged by a hollow drill. The one end that the centre bore of handle awl is close to the femur lateral part needs to be screwed with the side bolt, in this operation in-process, often can lead to partial remaining bone piece to get into in the centre bore of handle awl, and its connection that influences the side bolt leads to the side bolt to revolve not advance the centre bore of handle awl or revolve the condition emergence of not putting in place easily, need wash the centre bore of handle awl this moment, influences replacement efficiency and leaves the hidden danger for the installation tightness and the stability of femoral stem.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problem that bone fragments are affected in the fixing process of the femoral stem lateral bolt, the utility model provides a femoral stem installation tool.

The femoral stem installation frock for the installation of supplementary femoral stem, the femoral stem includes the handle awl, the axis place direction of handle awl is defined as the axial, its characterized in that, femoral stem installation frock includes: the cap body, the positioning bracket and the dismounting rod;

the positioning bracket is used for being fixedly connected to the femoral stem, one end of the positioning bracket is used for clamping a stem cone of the femoral stem, a guide hole is formed in the intersection of the other end of the positioning bracket and the axial direction, the femoral stem is provided with a side hole close to the guide hole, the side hole is a blind hole, and the central axis of the guide hole coincides with the central axis of the side hole;

the outer wall of the far end of the cap body is provided with an external thread, the near end of the cap body is provided with a disassembly hole along the axial direction of the cap body, the inner wall of the disassembly hole is provided with an internal thread, the rotation directions of the internal thread and the external thread are opposite, and the external thread is used for being in sealing connection with the side hole thread;

in the use state, the external thread of the cap body is in threaded connection with the side hole, and the disassembly rod is used for penetrating through the guide hole and is in threaded connection with the internal thread of the cap body sealed on the side hole so as to disassemble the cap body.

Optionally, the cap body includes linkage segment and dismouting section, the linkage segment with dismouting section axial connection, the external diameter of linkage segment is less than the external diameter of dismouting section, the external screw thread set up in the outer wall of linkage segment, the dismantlement hole set up in the proximal end of linkage segment.

Optionally, the dismounting section is a cylindrical optical axis structure.

Optionally, the axial length of the connecting section is smaller than the axial length of the dismounting section.

Optionally, an annular first inclined plane is arranged at the edge of the proximal end of the dismounting section; and/or an annular second inclined surface is arranged at the edge of the distal end of the disassembly section.

Optionally, the connection section and the dismounting section are coaxially arranged.

Optionally, the distal end of the cap is provided with a screw-in structure configured to: the screwing structure is used for being matched with a screwing tool, and driving the cap body to rotate through the screwing tool so as to screw the cap body into the side hole of the femoral stem.

Optionally, the screwing structure is a groove formed in the distal end face of the cap body.

Optionally, the pitch diameters of the internal thread and the external thread are the same.

Optionally, the femoral stem installation tool further comprises a boring tool for passing through the guide hole and boring a hole in the femur in an axial direction of the guide hole.

In summary, the femoral stem installation tool provided by the utility model comprises: the cap body, the bracket and the disassembly rod; the bracket is used for being connected to a femoral stem, the femoral stem is provided with a side hole, the bracket is provided with a guide hole, and the central axis of the guide hole coincides with the central axis of the side hole; the outer wall of the distal end of the cap body is provided with an external thread, the proximal end of the cap body is provided with a disassembly hole along the axial direction of the cap body, the inner wall of the disassembly hole is provided with an internal thread, the rotation directions of the internal thread and the external thread are opposite, and the external thread is used for being in threaded sealing connection with the side hole of the femoral stem; the detaching rod is used for penetrating through the guide hole and is in threaded connection with the internal threads of the cap body sealed on the side hole.

So dispose, the femur handle installation frock of this structure through the setting of external screw thread, does benefit to the side opening sealing connection with the femur handle, can form the jam to this side opening, and then prevent that the bone piece from getting into inside the side opening, can guarantee the side opening of femur handle and the connection effect of side bolt, and need not to wasing the inside of side opening, does benefit to improvement replacement efficiency. The cap body is convenient to unscrew the femur handle installation tool through the disassembly rod after the femur is drilled through the matching of the external thread and the internal thread of the disassembly hole, and meanwhile, the femur handle installation tool is screwed out of the side hole, and meanwhile, the femur handle installation tool is connected with the disassembly rod, so that the femur handle installation tool is convenient to take out; the support and the guide hole can form a guide for the disassembling rod and the drilling tool, so that the disassembly and the assembly are convenient.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a prior art femoral stem mounting structure 1;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a prior art femoral stem mounting structure 2;

FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a cap according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a cap according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a femoral stem mounting structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model 1;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of a femoral stem mounting structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

Wherein, the reference numerals are as follows:

10-a cap body; 101-connecting sections; 102, disassembling and assembling sections; 11-a disassembly hole; 12-a first incline; 13-a second bevel; 14-grooves;

20-femoral stem; 21-a stem cone; 22-a central hole; 23-side holes; 24-implantation groove;

30-femur;

40-drill bit;

50-positioning a bracket; 51-guiding holes;

60-disassembling the rod;

70-a drilling tool.

Detailed Description

The femur stem installation tool provided by the utility model is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The advantages and features of the present utility model will become more apparent from the following description. It should be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are all to a non-precise scale, merely for convenience and clarity in aiding in the description of embodiments of the utility model.

In the present utility model, "proximal" and "distal" are relative orientations, relative positions, directions of elements or actions relative to one another from the perspective of a physician using the product, although "proximal" and "distal" are not intended to be limiting, and "proximal" generally refers to the end of the product that is proximal to the physician during normal operation, and "distal" generally refers to the end that first enters the patient.

In the utility model, the rotation central axis refers to the central line when the rotator rotates, the outer diameter and the inner diameter correspond to the diameter size for a circular structure, the inner diameter refers to the diameter of an inscribed circle of the non-circular structure, and the outer diameter refers to the diameter of an circumscribed circle of the non-circular structure; the axial direction corresponds to the direction of the central axis of the cylindrical rod body, and the axial direction corresponds to the length direction of the rod body when the rod body is not cylindrical; the radial direction in the utility model is the direction which passes through the center of the section of the rod body and is perpendicular to the length of the rod body, and the rod body is understood in a broad sense and is a strip-shaped structure with a solid, hollow tubular or other special-shaped section;

in the present utility model, the term vertical should not be construed narrowly as an absolute vertical or an absolute parallel relationship, but should be construed as allowing an error of a set angle, typically ±10°, under the corresponding vertical or parallel condition, the specific value of the set angle being adjusted according to the desired use condition;

as used in this disclosure, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural referents, the term "or" are generally used in the sense of comprising "and/or" and the term "several" are generally used in the sense of comprising "at least one," the term "at least two" are generally used in the sense of comprising "two or more," and the term "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying any relative importance or number of features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first", "a second", "a third" may include one or at least two such features, either explicitly or implicitly. Furthermore, as used in this disclosure, "mounted," "connected," and "disposed" with respect to another element should be construed broadly to mean generally only that there is a connection, coupling, mating or transmitting relationship between the two elements, and that there may be a direct connection, coupling, mating or transmitting relationship between the two elements or indirectly through intervening elements, and that no spatial relationship between the two elements is to be understood or implied, i.e., that an element may be in any orientation, such as internal, external, above, below, or to one side, of the other element unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances. Furthermore, directional terms, such as above, below, upper, lower, upward, downward, left, right, etc., are used with respect to the exemplary embodiments as they are shown in the drawings, upward or upward toward the top of the corresponding drawing, downward or downward toward the bottom of the corresponding drawing.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a conventional femoral stem 20 is generally provided with a central hole 22 penetrating to the side of the femoral stem 20 at a stem cone 21 thereof, and a drill 40 is passed through the central hole 22 of the stem cone 21, and the drill 40 is guided to open a hole in the side of the femur 30 by using the central hole 22. Then, the drill is used as a guide, and a hollow drill is sleeved on the drill to expand the hole on the side of the femur 30 to form a side hole. The central hole of the handle cone is close to one end of the femur side hole, namely, the position of the end A in figure 1 is provided with an internal threaded hole, and the side bolt passes through the side hole on the femur and is in threaded connection with the end A. In the drilling process of the drill bit 40 and the core drill, a part of the residual bone chips often enter the end portion a of the central hole 22, which affects the connection of the side bolts, and easily causes the situation that the side bolts are not screwed into the central hole of the stem cone or are not screwed in place, so that the central hole of the stem cone needs to be cleaned, the replacement efficiency is affected, and hidden danger is left for the installation tightness and stability of the femoral stem.

In addition, in the process of drilling holes from the center of the handle cone through the drill bit, the space requirement is relatively large, the femur needs to be rotated to a proper angle, the required space is reserved, the muscle ligaments can be involved to a certain extent, and secondary injury is easy to cause.

The embodiment provides a femur handle installation frock for the installation of supplementary femur handle, femur handle installation frock includes: the cap body 10, the positioning bracket 50, the detaching rod 60 and the drilling tool 70;

the outer wall of the distal end of the cap body 10 is provided with external threads, the proximal end of the cap body is provided with a disassembly hole 11 along the axial direction of the cap body, the inner wall of the disassembly hole 11 is provided with internal threads, the rotation directions of the internal threads and the external threads are opposite, and in a use state, the external threads are used for being in threaded sealing connection with the side holes.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the external thread segments at the distal end of the cap 10 are adapted to threadedly engage the side holes of the femoral stem 20 to block the side holes and prevent bone chips from entering the interior of the side holes. The removal hole 11 at the proximal end of the cap 10 is of internal thread structure, which is mainly used for fitting a removal tool, and removing the cap 10 after the femoral stem 20 is installed.

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the femoral stem 20 includes a main body 201 and a stem cone 202 having an angle with the main body 201, and a direction of a central axis of the stem cone 202 is defined as an axial direction a. Along the axial direction a of the stem cone 202, a side hole 23 is formed on one side opposite to the extending direction of the stem cone 202 in advance, the side hole is a blind hole, an internal thread section is arranged in the side hole 23, the side hole 23 is used for being in threaded connection with the cap body 10 on one hand and in threaded connection with a lateral bolt on the other hand, and the femoral stem 20 is fixed on the femur 30 through the lateral bolt. The femoral stem 20 is provided with a positioning bracket 50, specifically, the positioning bracket 50 is bent, and in a use state, one end of the positioning bracket 50 clamps the end of the stem cone 202, for example, the end of the positioning bracket 50 is U-shaped, and the end of the positioning bracket 50 clamps the stem cone 202 and is fastened by a bolt. Preferably, the end of the positioning bracket 50 is disposed perpendicular to the axial direction a. The other end of the positioning bracket 50 is provided with a guide hole 51, and the guide hole 51 is opposite to the side hole 23 and is coaxially arranged along the axial direction a. The positioning bracket 50 is used for drilling and working during the process of disassembling the cap body 10, and is used for fixing the femoral stem.

As shown in fig. 5, the distal end of the cap body 10 is screwed into the side hole 23 to block the side hole 23 before the femoral stem 20 is mounted, and after the femoral stem 20 is implanted into the femur 30, the boring tool 70 may be inserted into the guide hole 51, the side of the femur 30 is bored by the guide of the guide hole 51, the side of the femur 30 is bored by the guide hole 51, and the side of the femur 30 is bored to face the side hole 23 and is coaxial, and the side hole 23 on the femoral stem 20 is blocked, so that the boring tool may be a conventional drill rod.

After the drilling is completed, the cap body 10 needs to be disassembled through the disassembling rod 60, as shown in fig. 6, the head of the disassembling rod 60 is provided with an external thread in threaded connection with the disassembling hole 11, the disassembling rod 60 stretches into the drilling hole of the femur 30, the head of the disassembling rod 60 stretches into the disassembling hole 11 to be screwed, the screwing direction of the internal thread of the disassembling hole 11 is the same as the unscrewing direction of the external thread of the distal end of the cap body 10 because the screwing direction of the internal thread of the disassembling hole 11 is opposite to the screwing direction of the external thread of the distal end of the cap body 10, and the cap body 10 can be driven to rotate in the corresponding direction while the disassembling rod 60 is screwed with the disassembling hole 11, at the moment, the cap body 10 is unscrewed relative to the side hole 23, and the cap body 10 is screwed out of the side hole 23. After the cap body 10 is screwed out of the side hole 23, the cap body 10 is connected to the disassembling rod 60, the disassembling rod 60 is withdrawn from the drilling hole of the femur 30, the cap body 10 is smoothly taken out of the side hole 23 of the femoral stem 20, then a side bolt is arranged at the drilling hole of the femur 30, and after the side bolt is in threaded connection with the side hole 23, the femur 30 and the femoral stem 20 are laterally fixed.

According to the femur handle installation tool with the structure, through the arrangement of the external threads, the femur handle installation tool is beneficial to being in sealing connection with the side hole 23 of the femur handle 20, the side hole 23 can be blocked, bone fragments are prevented from entering the inside of the side hole 23, the connection effect of the side hole 23 of the femur handle 20 and a side bolt can be ensured, the inside of the side hole 23 is not required to be cleaned, and the replacement efficiency is improved; the cap body is convenient to unscrew the femur stem installation tool through the disassembly rod after the femur drilling is finished through the matching of the external thread and the internal thread of the disassembly hole 11, and meanwhile, the cap body 10 is connected with the disassembly rod 60 while the cap body 10 is unscrewed from the side hole 23, so that the cap body 10 is convenient to take out; the positioning bracket 50 and the guide hole 51 are arranged to form a guide for the detaching rod 60 and the drilling tool 70, so that the detaching is convenient.

In the utility model, the cap body 10 is preset at the side hole 23 of the femoral stem 20, so that the drilling mode of the femoral stem 20 and the femur 30 is changed, the femoral stem 20 does not need to be provided with a central hole at the stem cone position, the structure of the femoral stem 20 is simplified, and meanwhile, the space requirement is smaller in the drilling process by changing the drilling mode of the femur, and the secondary injury caused by rotating the femur to adjust the installation space is improved.

Further, as shown in fig. 4, the cap body 10 includes a connection section 101 and a disassembly section 102, the connection section 101 is axially connected with the disassembly section 102, the outer diameter of the connection section 101 is smaller than that of the disassembly section 102, the external thread is disposed on the outer wall of the connection section 101, and the disassembly hole 11 is disposed at the proximal end of the connection section 101.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the connection section 101 and the detachable section 102 are configured such that the cap body 10 has a stepped shaft structure as a whole. Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the corresponding side hole 23 is adapted to be a stepped hole, wherein an implantation groove 24 is formed at the top of the femoral stem 20, and an implantation tool is abutted against the implantation groove 24 and hammered into the femoral bone 30 during the process of implanting the femoral stem 20 into the femoral bone 30. The highest position of the side hole 23 is arranged at the lower position of the implantation groove 24. To ensure local structural strength of the femoral stem 20, the distance between the highest point of the side hole 23 and the bottom of the implantation groove 24 should be made large. Therefore, in this embodiment, the connecting section 101 with a smaller outer diameter enables the side hole 23 to have a corresponding small-diameter thread section, which is beneficial to ensuring a larger distance between the side hole 23 and the bottom of the implantation groove 24. Therefore, the distance between the side hole 23 and the bottom of the implantation groove 24 meets the requirements even though the femur handle with the structure has different specifications and models.

In addition, the dismounting section 102 is of a cylindrical optical axis structure, and the connecting section 101 and the dismounting section 102 are coaxially arranged. The arrangement of this structure is convenient for the dismouting of the cap body 10, improves the sealed effect of jam of the cap body 10 simultaneously. The axial length of the connecting section 101 is smaller than that of the dismounting section 102. On the one hand, the disassembly and the assembly of the cap body 10 are convenient, and on the other hand, the length dimension of the cap body 10 is also reduced, so that the depth dimension of the side hole 23 is reduced, and the distance between the side hole 23 and the bottom of the implantation groove 24 is increased.

Further, an annular first inclined surface 12 is arranged at the edge of the proximal end of the dismounting section 102; and/or, an annular second inclined surface 13 is arranged at the edge of the distal end of the dismounting section 102. Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the first bevel 12 is formed by chamfering the proximal end of the detachable section 102, and the second bevel 13 is formed by chamfering the distal end of the detachable section 102. The second inclined plane 13 has an avoidance relationship, when the cap body 10 is connected into the side hole 23, the position of the distal edge of the disassembly section 102, which corresponds to the side hole 23, is not interfered, and the arrangement of the first inclined plane 12 and the second inclined plane 13 is also beneficial to improving the local stress concentration phenomenon of the cap body 10.

Further, the pitch diameters of the internal thread and the external thread are the same. The structure enables the torque received by the connecting section 101 and the dismounting section 102 in the unscrewing or screwing process to be approximately balanced, and is beneficial to the dismounting of the cap body 10; and on the premise of keeping balance, the smaller outer diameter of the disassembly and assembly section 102 is also facilitated to be ensured, and the volume of the cap body 10 is also facilitated to be reduced.

Further, the distal end of the cap body 10 is provided with a screwing structure configured to be engaged with a screwing tool, and the cap body 10 is driven to rotate by the screwing tool so as to screw the cap body 10 into the side hole of the femoral stem.

The specific structure of the screw-in structure is not limited herein, and for example, the screw-in structure may be a hexagonal head structure similar to a bolt, in which case the distal outer contour of the cap body 10 may be set to a hexagon. Of course, in other alternative embodiments, the outer profile of the distal end of the cap 10 may be configured in other polygonal configurations, where it is desirable to disassemble the cap 10 in conjunction with a screw sleeve. In this embodiment, the screwing structure is a groove 14 formed on the distal end surface of the cap body 10, the groove 14 is a hexagonal groove, the inscribed circle of the hexagonal groove is coaxial with the disassembling hole 11, and the inner diameter of the inscribed circle of the hexagonal groove should be ensured to be larger than the inner diameter of the disassembling hole 11, and at this time, the cap body 10 needs to be disassembled by matching with a hexagonal screwdriver. The screw-in structure is configured as a groove 14, which is more suitable for the application scenario of the cap body 10, and in other alternative embodiments, the groove 14 may be configured as another polygonal groove, for example, as a square groove, or as a polygonal annular groove surrounding the detachment hole 11. Other known structures may be adopted for the screwing structure, and will not be described in detail here.

In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other.

The above description is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model, and any alterations and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the above disclosure shall fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A femoral stem installation tooling for assisting the installation of a femoral stem, the femoral stem comprising a stem cone, the direction of the central axis of the stem cone being defined as axial, characterized in that the femoral stem installation tooling comprises: the cap body, the positioning bracket and the dismounting rod;

the positioning bracket is used for being fixedly connected to the femoral stem, one end of the positioning bracket is used for clamping a stem cone of the femoral stem, a guide hole is formed in the intersection of the other end of the positioning bracket and the axial direction, the femoral stem is provided with a side hole close to the guide hole, the side hole is a blind hole, and the central axis of the guide hole coincides with the central axis of the side hole;

the outer wall of the far end of the cap body is provided with an external thread, the near end of the cap body is provided with a disassembly hole along the axial direction of the cap body, the inner wall of the disassembly hole is provided with an internal thread, the rotation directions of the internal thread and the external thread are opposite, and the external thread is used for being in sealing connection with the side hole thread;

in the use state, the external thread of the cap body is in threaded connection with the side hole, and the disassembly rod is used for penetrating through the guide hole and is in threaded connection with the internal thread of the cap body sealed on the side hole so as to disassemble the cap body.

2. The femoral stem installation tool of claim 1, wherein the cap comprises a connecting section and a dismounting section, the connecting section is axially connected with the dismounting section, the outer diameter of the connecting section is smaller than the outer diameter of the dismounting section, the external thread is arranged on the outer wall of the connecting section, and the dismounting hole is formed in the proximal end of the connecting section.

3. The femoral stem installation fixture of claim 2, wherein the mounting and dismounting section is a cylindrical optical axis structure.

4. The femoral stem installation tool of claim 2, wherein the axial length of the connecting section is less than the axial length of the dismounting section.

5. The femoral stem installation tool of claim 2, wherein an annular first bevel is provided at the edge of the proximal end of the disassembly section; and/or an annular second inclined surface is arranged at the edge of the distal end of the disassembly section.

6. The femoral stem installation fixture of claim 2, wherein the connecting section and the dismounting section are coaxially arranged.

7. The femoral stem installation fixture of claim 1, wherein the distal end of the cap is provided with a screw-in structure configured to: the screwing structure is used for being matched with a screwing tool, and driving the cap body to rotate through the screwing tool so as to screw the cap body into the side hole of the femoral stem.

8. The femoral stem installation tool of claim 7, wherein the screw-in structure is a groove formed in a distal face of the cap.

9. The femoral stem installation tool of claim 1, wherein the internal thread and the external thread have the same pitch diameter.

10. The femoral stem installation tool of claim 1, further comprising a boring tool for passing through the guide bore and boring a hole in the femur in an axial direction of the guide bore.

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