CN219270529U

CN219270529U - Functional chair capable of moving waist

Info

Publication number: CN219270529U
Application number: CN202320451953.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: ***; 吉同武
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2023-03-10
Filing date: 2023-03-10
Publication date: 2023-06-30
Anticipated expiration: 2033-03-10

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of furniture production, in particular to a functional chair with a movable waist; the hip of human body is supported through the seat, and the back of human body is supported to the backup plate, and the back of human body leans on the backup plate, because of the backup plate can adjust inclination through rotary mechanism, makes the backup plate slope through the waist of human body, finds the comfort angle that is fit for the position of sitting, and the backup plate can dynamically follow the waist motion of human body and adjust inclination to can carry out rehabilitation training, reach recovered auxiliary function, the stable in structure moreover, convenient to use and long service life.

Description

Functional chair capable of moving waist

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of furniture production, in particular to a functional chair with a movable waist.

Background

Currently, chairs are commonly used furniture in the workplace and life of people, and generally comprise stool legs, a seat plate and a backrest fixed on one side of the side.

In the existing chairs, especially chairs with backrests, in order to improve comfort, the contact area between the upper back and the backrests is increased when a person sits on the chair, the upper half of the backrests are bent away from the chair, so that the upper back of a person can lean against the upper half of the backrests of the chairs when the person sits on the chairs and the back leans against the backrests, and the lower back and the waist of the person are far away from the backrests, furthermore, gaps are formed, if a person sits on the chair for a long time, discomfort and even risk of lumbar diseases occur to the waist, and sitting is uncomfortable, the person can lean backwards unnaturally, the chair is inclined by taking the back legs of the chair and the feet of the person as supporting points, and the sitting is comfortable, but the back legs of the chair bear too much weight, so that the service life of the chair is shortened.

The patent name is a from chinese patent of taking medical movable waist of waist support adjusting pad (publication No. CN 215502091U), and it includes back of the chair, seat support and waist support adjusting pad, and a vertical installation spout has been seted up respectively to the both sides of back of the chair, and waist support adjusting pad is adjustably cooperated and is installed in vertical installation spout, and waist support adjusting pad includes: elastic cushion body, arc push rod, mount pad and drive push rod body, mount pad pass through bolt and vertical installation spout looks fixed mounting, and drive push rod body and arc push rod are installed respectively on the mount pad, and elastic cushion body installs in arc push rod front end with adapting, drives

The movable push rod body is in driving connection with the arc push rod, and drives the arc push rod to move along the transverse direction; the medical functional chair with the movable waist can achieve the functions of waist support, waist support and waist support by carrying out position adjustment through the waist support cushion body, however, the medical functional chair with the movable waist needs to be adjusted by a waist support adjusting cushion in actual use, so that the operation is troublesome and the effect is not very good.

The patent name is Chinese patent utility model of a functional chair (publication number is CN 108937284A) with movable waist for personalized adjustment of the inclination of a chair back leg, which comprises a chair and a chair frame arranged at the bottom of the chair, wherein the back leg comprises an outer sleeve, a plurality of inner supporting blocks are arranged on the inner wall of the outer sleeve, a back-rest groove is reserved between two baffle rings, a plurality of baffle rods are arranged on the outer wall of each supporting rod, a shaft pin is arranged on the outer wall of each lower extending rod, an extrusion pad is arranged on the back surface of the chair, the functional chair with the adjustable four-leg movable waist of the back leg can slide in the outer sleeve, the shaft pin slides in a sliding groove, the leg pad extends out, the integral height of the back leg is changed, and the inclination degree of the chair back leg is personalized adjustment; the functional chair with the movable waist achieves the inclination degree of the chair surface by adjusting the rear legs, is troublesome to operate and is uncomfortable for people to sit.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects, the utility model aims to provide the functional chair with the movable waist, which supports the buttocks of a human body through the seat board, the back board supports the back of the human body, the back of the human body leans against the back board, the leaning angle of the back board can be adjusted through the rotating mechanism because the back board can be tilted through the waist of the human body, the comfortable angle suitable for a person sitting on the chair is found, and the leaning angle of the back board can be adjusted by dynamically following the movement of the waist of the human body.

The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:

the utility model provides a but function chair of movable waist, wherein, is including strutting arrangement and connect seat and backup plate on the strutting arrangement, strutting arrangement includes shank supporting mechanism and back supporting mechanism, the seat is connected on the shank supporting mechanism, the backup plate passes through rotary mechanism to be connected on the back supporting mechanism, rotary mechanism can carry out axial rotation.

As an improvement of the utility model, the rotating mechanism comprises a first rotating sleeve and a first rotating shaft sleeved in the first rotating sleeve, the first rotating sleeve is fixedly connected to the back supporting mechanism, and the first rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the backup plate.

As a further improvement of the utility model, the first rotary sleeve is provided with a limit groove, and the limit column penetrates through the limit groove and is connected in the first rotary shaft.

As a further improvement of the present utility model, the back support mechanism includes a back support fixedly connected to the first rotating sleeve and a back fixing plate fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft, and the back plate is connected to the back fixing plate.

As a still further improvement of the present utility model, the leg support mechanism includes three or four support feet.

As a further improvement of the utility model, the backup plate is concave, and the bottom end of the backup plate is provided with an inner groove.

As a further improvement of the utility model, the leg supporting mechanism is provided with armrests, the back support mechanism is provided with a back cushion above, and the back support mechanism is provided with vibrating balls or massaging balls.

As a further improvement of the utility model, the rotating mechanism comprises a second rotating shaft and a second rotating sleeve which is sleeved with the second rotating shaft, wherein both ends of the second rotating shaft are provided with cylindrical platforms, square cylindrical platforms are arranged on the cylindrical platforms, and the width of each square cylindrical platform is smaller than the diameter of each cylindrical platform; the second rotary sleeve is internally provided with a circular slot hole which is communicated and used for bearing the cylindrical table and a square slot which is used for bearing the square column table, the side wall of the square slot is provided with a concave arc slot, the second rotary shaft is fixedly connected to the backup plate, and the second rotary sleeve is fixedly connected to the back support mechanism.

As a further improvement of the present utility model, the rotation mechanism includes a third rotation shaft and a third rotation sleeve, wherein the side walls of both ends of the third rotation shaft are provided with cutting bars, and the third rotation sleeve is provided with a circular groove for sleeving the third rotation shaft and a slot for inserting the cutting bars.

As a further development of the utility model, the back support comprises a lifting mechanism for lifting the back fixing plate.

The utility model has the following advantages:

1. the existing chair is uncomfortable to sit and can lean backwards in an unnatural way, the chair is inclined by taking the back legs of the chair and the feet of a human body as supporting points, the back legs of the chair bear too much weight although sitting comfortably, the service life of the chair is shortened, and the back leaning inclination is adjusted by the rotating mechanism, so that the chair is prevented from being inclined backwards, and the service life of the chair can be prolonged.

2. The seat plate and the backup plate are concave, and have good wrapping property.

3. The back plate can dynamically follow the waist movement of a human body, so that rehabilitation training can be performed, and a rehabilitation auxiliary function is achieved.

Drawings

For ease of illustration, the utility model is described in detail by the following preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of the present utility model (two states of the back plate);

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the installation of a rotary mechanism according to a second embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of a rotary mechanism of the present utility model;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of a rotary mechanism of the present utility model;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a second rotary shaft of a second embodiment of the rotary mechanism of the present utility model;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a second rotating sleeve of a second embodiment of the rotary mechanism of the present utility model;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a third embodiment of a rotary mechanism of the present utility model;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a fourth embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the lift mechanism of the present utility model;

reference numerals: 1-supporting device, 11-leg supporting mechanism, 12-back supporting mechanism, 13-back supporting piece, 14-back fixing plate, 15-supporting foot, 2-seat plate, 3-backing plate, 31-inner groove, 4-rotating mechanism, 41-first rotating sleeve, 411-limit groove, 412-limit post, 42-first rotating shaft, 43-second rotating shaft, 431-cylinder table, 432-square column table, 44-second rotating sleeve, 441-circular slot, 442-square slot, 443-concave arc slot, 45-third rotating shaft, 451-cutting, 46-third rotating sleeve, 461-circular groove, 462-slot, 5-lifting mechanism, 51-nut, 52-screw, 6-backing pillow, 7-armrest.

Description of the embodiments

The present utility model will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model.

As shown in fig. 1 to 11, the functional chair for movable lumbar part of the present utility model comprises a support device 1, a seat plate 2 and a back plate 3 connected to the support device 1, wherein the support device 1 comprises a leg support mechanism 11 and a back support mechanism 12, the seat plate 2 is connected to the leg support mechanism 11, the back plate 3 is connected to the back support mechanism 14 through a rotation mechanism 4, and the rotation mechanism 4 can rotate axially.

In the utility model, the rotation mechanism 4 can rotate by 0-90 degrees in the axial direction, and the rotation mechanism 4 can rotate by 0-25 degrees in the axial direction.

The present utility model provides three embodiments of the rotation mechanism 4:

first embodiment of the rotation mechanism:

the rotary mechanism 4 comprises a first rotary sleeve 41 and a first rotary shaft 42 sleeved in the first rotary sleeve 41, the first rotary sleeve 41 is fixedly connected to the back support mechanism 12, the first rotary shaft 42 is fixedly connected to the backup plate 3, a limiting slot 411 is formed in the first rotary sleeve 41, and a limiting column 412 penetrates through the limiting slot 411 to be connected to the first rotary shaft 42, so that the specific working process is as follows: the waist of the human body leans against the leaning plate 3, the leaning plate 3 can dynamically follow the waist of the human body to move, when the human body leans backwards, the leaning plate 3 can drive the first rotating shaft 42 to move axially, when the limiting column 412 is propped against the rear edge of the limiting slot 411 to limit, when the human body leans forwards slightly, the leaning plate 3 can drive the first rotating shaft 42 to move axially, and when the limiting column 412 is propped against the front edge of the limiting slot 411 to limit; the specific rotation angle of the rotation mechanism 4 is designed and controlled by the limit slot 411, and can be 25 degrees, 30 degrees, 45 degrees or 60 degrees, and the preferred rotation angle of the rotation mechanism 4 is 30 degrees and 45 degrees in the design style at present, and the comfort and the experience of the two types of rotation angles are better in trial.

Second embodiment of the rotation mechanism:

the rotating mechanism 4 comprises a second rotating shaft 43 and a second rotating sleeve 44 sleeved with the second rotating shaft 43, two ends of the second rotating shaft 43 are provided with cylindrical platforms 431, square cylindrical platforms 432 are arranged on the cylindrical platforms 431, and the width of each square cylindrical platform 432 is smaller than the diameter of each cylindrical platform 431; the second rotary sleeve 44 is internally provided with a circular slot hole 441 which is communicated and used for bearing a cylindrical table 431 and a square slot 442 which is communicated and used for bearing a square cylindrical table 432, the side wall of the square slot 442 is provided with a concave arc slot 443, the second rotary shaft 44 is fixedly connected to the backup plate 3, and the second rotary sleeve 44 is fixedly connected to the back support mechanism 12; the specific working process is as follows: the waist of the human body leans against the leaning plate 3, the leaning plate 3 can dynamically follow the waist movement of the human body, when the human body leans backwards, the leaning plate 3 can drive the second rotating shaft 43 to axially move, the square column table 432 of the second rotating shaft 43 rotates, and when one edge angle of the square column table 432 is clamped on the groove wall at one side of the square groove 442 of the second rotating sleeve 44 to limit; when the human body is slightly inclined forward, the square column 432 of the second rotating shaft 43 rotates, and when the other edge of the square column 432 is clamped on the groove wall of the other side of the square groove 442 of the second rotating sleeve 44, the limit is carried out.

Third embodiment of the rotation mechanism:

the rotating mechanism 4 comprises a third rotating shaft 45 and a third rotating sleeve 46, wherein the side walls of the two ends of the third rotating shaft 45 are respectively provided with an inserting strip 451, the third rotating sleeve 46 is provided with a circular groove 461 for sleeving the third rotating shaft 45 and a slot 462 for inserting the inserting strip 451, and the width of the inner groove of the slot 462 is larger than that of the inserting strip 451; the specific working process is as follows: the waist of the human body leans against the backup plate 3, the backup plate 3 can dynamically follow the waist movement of the human body, when the human body leans backwards, the backup plate 3 can drive the third rotating shaft 45 to axially move, the cutting 451 of the third rotating shaft 45 rotates in a following way, the cutting 451 of the third rotating shaft 46 is limited when being propped against one side wall of the slot 462 of the third rotating sleeve 46, when the human body leans forwards slightly, the cutting 451 of the third rotating shaft 45 moves towards the other direction, and the cutting 451 of the third rotating shaft 45 is limited when being propped against the other side wall of the slot 462 of the third rotating sleeve 46.

In the utility model, the leg supporting mechanism 11 comprises three or four supporting feet 15, can be placed in a superimposed manner, does not occupy too much space for placement, and has the front two supporting feet higher than the rear supporting feet, so that the sitting upper surface of a person can lean backwards slightly, and the comfort is improved.

In the utility model, the seat plate 2 is concave, thereby fitting the buttocks of the human body, meeting the aesthetic requirement of the human body and having better wrapping property; the leaning plate 3 is concave, thereby being attached to the back of the human body and the spine of the human body, achieving the aesthetic requirement of the human body and having better wrapping property.

In order to prevent the leaning plate 3 from being easily pushed to the lower end of the waist of the human body or the buttocks of the human body when the leaning plate 3 is adjusted, the inner groove 31 is arranged at the bottom end of the leaning plate 3, and the situation is avoided through the arrangement of the inner groove 31, so that the comfort level is improved.

The present utility model provides an embodiment one:

the first embodiment comprises a supporting device 1, a seat plate 2 and a back plate 3 which are connected to the supporting device 1, wherein the supporting device 1 comprises a leg supporting mechanism 11 and a back supporting mechanism 12, the seat plate 2 is connected to the leg supporting mechanism 11, the back plate 3 is connected to the back supporting mechanism 14 through a rotating mechanism 4, and the rotating mechanism 4 can axially rotate; the rotating mechanism 4 can rotate by 0-25 degrees in the axial direction; the seat plate 2 is concave, the backup plate 3 is concave, the bottom end of the backup plate 3 is provided with an inner groove 31, the rotating mechanism 4 comprises a first rotating sleeve 41 and a first rotating shaft 42 sleeved in the first rotating sleeve 41, the first rotating sleeve 41 is fixedly connected to the back supporting mechanism 12, the first rotating shaft 42 is fixedly connected to the backup plate 3, the first rotating sleeve 41 is provided with a limiting slot 411, and a limiting column 412 passes through the limiting slot 411 and is connected to the first rotating shaft 42; the back support mechanism 12 includes a back support 13 and a back fixing plate 14, the back support 13 is fixedly connected with the first rotary sleeve 41, the back fixing plate 14 is fixedly connected with the first rotary shaft 42, and the back plate 3 is connected to the back fixing plate 14.

The present utility model provides a second embodiment:

the second embodiment comprises a supporting device 1, a seat plate 2 and a back plate 3 which are connected to the supporting device 1, wherein the supporting device 1 comprises a leg supporting mechanism 11 and a back supporting mechanism 12, the seat plate 2 is connected to the leg supporting mechanism 11, the back plate 3 is connected to the back supporting mechanism 14 through a rotating mechanism 4, and the rotating mechanism 4 can axially rotate; the rotating mechanism 4 can rotate by 0-25 degrees in the axial direction; the seat plate 2 is concave, the backup plate 3 is concave, the bottom end of the backup plate 3 is provided with an inner groove 31, the rotating mechanism 4 comprises a second rotating shaft 43 and a second rotating sleeve 44 sleeved with the second rotating shaft 43, both ends of the second rotating shaft 43 are provided with cylindrical platforms 431, the cylindrical platforms 431 are provided with square cylindrical platforms 432, and the width of the square cylindrical platforms 432 is smaller than the diameter of the cylindrical platforms 431; the second rotary sleeve 44 is internally provided with a circular slot hole 441 which is communicated and used for bearing a cylindrical table 431 and a square slot 442 which is communicated and used for bearing a square cylindrical table 432, the side wall of the square slot 442 is provided with a concave arc slot 443, the second rotary shaft 44 is fixedly connected to the backup plate 3, and the second rotary sleeve 44 is fixedly connected to the back support mechanism 12; the back support mechanism 12 comprises a back support 13 and a back fixing plate 14, the back support 13 is fixedly connected with a second rotary sleeve 44, the back fixing plate 14 is fixedly connected with a second rotary shaft 43, and the back plate 3 is connected to the back fixing plate 14.

The present utility model provides embodiment three:

the third embodiment comprises a supporting device 1, a seat plate 2 and a back plate 3 which are connected to the supporting device 1, wherein the supporting device 1 comprises a leg supporting mechanism 11 and a back supporting mechanism 12, the seat plate 2 is connected to the leg supporting mechanism 11, the back plate 3 is connected to the back supporting mechanism 14 through a rotating mechanism 4, and the rotating mechanism 4 can axially rotate; the rotating mechanism 4 can rotate by 0-25 degrees in the axial direction; the seat plate 2 is concave, the backup plate 3 is concave, the bottom end of the backup plate 3 is provided with an inner groove 31, the rotating mechanism 4 comprises a third rotating shaft 45 and a third rotating sleeve 46, the side walls of the two ends of the third rotating shaft 45 are respectively provided with an inserting strip 451, the third rotating sleeve 46 is provided with a circular groove 461 for sleeving the third rotating shaft 45 and a slot 462 for inserting the inserting strip 451, and the width of the inner groove of the slot 462 is larger than that of the inserting strip 451; the back support mechanism 12 comprises a back support 13 and a back fixing plate 14, the back support 13 is fixedly connected with a third rotary sleeve 46, the back fixing plate 14 is fixedly connected with a third rotary shaft 45, and the back plate 3 is connected to the back fixing plate 14.

The present utility model provides a fourth embodiment:

the fourth embodiment comprises a supporting device 1, a seat plate 2 and a back plate 3 which are connected to the supporting device 1, wherein the supporting device 1 comprises a leg supporting mechanism 11 and a back supporting mechanism 12, the seat plate 2 is connected to the leg supporting mechanism 11, the back plate 3 is connected to the back supporting mechanism 14 through a rotating mechanism 4, and the rotating mechanism 4 can axially rotate; the rotating mechanism 4 can rotate by 0-45 degrees in the axial direction; the seat plate 2 is concave, the backup plate 3 is concave, the bottom end of the backup plate 3 is provided with an inner groove 31, the rotating mechanism 4 comprises a first rotating sleeve 41 and a first rotating shaft 42 sleeved in the first rotating sleeve 41, the first rotating sleeve 41 is fixedly connected to the back supporting mechanism 12, the first rotating shaft 42 is fixedly connected to the backup plate 3, the first rotating sleeve 41 is provided with a limiting slot 411, and a limiting column 412 passes through the limiting slot 411 and is connected to the first rotating shaft 42; the back support mechanism 12 comprises a back support 13 and a back fixing plate 14, the back support 13 is fixedly connected with a first rotary sleeve 41, the back fixing plate 14 is fixedly connected with a first rotary shaft 42, the backup plate 3 is connected to the back fixing plate 14, the back fixing plate 14 is further connected with the lifting mechanism 5 and can lift, the leg support mechanism 11 is provided with an armrest 7, the back support mechanism 12 is arranged above the back support mechanism 6, the back support mechanism 12 is provided with vibrating balls or massaging balls, and the leg support mechanism 11 comprises four support legs 15.

In the utility model, because the heights of all persons are inconsistent, in order to be better suitable for most people, the back support piece comprises a lifting mechanism 5 for driving the back fixing plate 14 to lift, the height of the back fixing plate 14 can be adjusted through the lifting mechanism, so that the position of the rotating mechanism 4 can be adjusted, and the backrest can be better realized; the lifting mechanism 5 in the utility model can also adopt a telescopic rod structure or a gear rack structure.

In the first embodiment of the present utility model, the fixed connection position of the back fixing plate 14 and the rotation shaft 42 is located at the middle position of the waist of the human body, so that the back fixing plate 14 can be rotated better, and the waist of the human body can be used as the center to perform movement better, thereby achieving the function of waist support.

In the utility model, the leg supporting mechanism 11 is provided with the armrests 7, so that the armrests are convenient to hold; and also

The back cushion 6 is arranged above the back support mechanism 12, and the back cushion 6 is detachable, so that the back cushion is convenient for placing the head of a human body, and the user can feel more comfortable; the back support mechanism 12 is provided with vibrating balls or massage balls, which facilitate the massage.

The utility model can also carry out intelligent control, an intelligent control device is arranged on the back supporting mechanism 12, the intelligent control device comprises a motor and a button, the motor is controlled by the button to drive the rotating mechanism 4 to move, further, the intelligent control device can also comprise a wireless receiver and a remote controller, the wireless receiver is arranged in the button, the remote controller is used for transmitting a control signal to the wireless receiver to control the motor to drive the rotating mechanism 4 to move, and the remote controller can also be matched with a mobile phone APP or an applet in a wireless way.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the utility model is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the utility model.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a but function chair of movable waist, its characterized in that includes strutting arrangement and connects seat and backup plate on the strutting arrangement, strutting arrangement includes shank supporting mechanism and back supporting mechanism, the seat is connected on the shank supporting mechanism, the backup plate passes through rotary mechanism to be connected on the back supporting mechanism, rotary mechanism can carry out axial rotation.

2. The functional chair of claim 1, wherein the rotating mechanism comprises a first rotating sleeve and a first rotating shaft sleeved in the first rotating sleeve, the first rotating sleeve is fixedly connected to the back supporting mechanism, and the first rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the backup plate.

3. The movable lumbar function chair according to claim 2, wherein the first rotating sleeve is provided with a limit groove, and the limit post is connected in the first rotating shaft through the limit groove.

4. A functional chair with a movable lumbar according to claim 3, characterized in that the back support mechanism comprises a back support and a back fixing plate, the back support being fixedly connected to the first swivel housing, the back fixing plate being fixedly connected to the first swivel shaft, the back plate being connected to the back fixing plate.

5. The lumbar movable functional chair of claim 4 wherein said leg support mechanism includes three or four support feet.

6. The chair of claim 5, wherein the back plate is concave, and an inner groove is formed at the bottom end of the back plate.

7. The functional chair with movable waist according to claim 1, wherein the leg supporting mechanism is provided with armrests, the back supporting mechanism is provided with a detachable headrest above, and the back supporting mechanism is provided with vibrating balls or massaging balls.

8. The functional chair with movable waist according to claim 1, wherein the rotating mechanism comprises a second rotating shaft and a second rotating sleeve sleeved with the second rotating shaft, cylindrical platforms are arranged at two ends of the second rotating shaft, square cylindrical platforms are arranged on the cylindrical platforms, and the width of each square cylindrical platform is smaller than the diameter of each cylindrical platform; the second rotary sleeve is internally provided with a circular slot hole which is communicated and used for bearing the cylindrical table and a square slot which is used for bearing the square column table, the side wall of the square slot is provided with a concave arc slot, the second rotary shaft is fixedly connected to the backup plate, and the second rotary sleeve is fixedly connected to the back support mechanism.

9. The movable lumbar function chair according to claim 1, wherein the rotating mechanism comprises a third rotating shaft and a third rotating sleeve, wherein the side walls of both ends of the third rotating shaft are provided with cutting bars, and the third rotating sleeve is provided with a circular groove for sleeving the third rotating shaft and a slot for inserting the cutting bars.

10. The lumbar support of claim 6 wherein said back support includes an elevating mechanism for elevating said back support plate.