CN219212152U - Vertical cutter loading machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a vertical cutter loading machine, which is used for correcting a cutting tool of a spiral bevel gear, and comprises an upright post arranged on a lathe bed, a workpiece main shaft and a three-dimensional measuring head, wherein the three-dimensional measuring head is displaced along a Y axis and a Z axis relative to the upright post through a sliding component, and the rotating shaft of the workpiece main shaft is parallel to the Z axis; the measuring rod of the three-dimensional measuring head extends out of the body of the measuring rod, a height measuring needle and a radial measuring needle are arranged on the measuring rod, the height measuring needle is used for detecting the height position of the tool tip of the cutting tool to be detected, and the radial measuring needle is used for detecting the radial position of the cutting edge of the cutting tool to be detected; the three-dimensional measuring head is characterized in that a cutter pressing device is fixedly arranged on the body of the three-dimensional measuring head and is provided with a cutter pressing part, and the cutter pressing part can press against the cutter point of the cutting tool to be measured along the Z axis. The scheme can effectively improve the adjustment precision through structural optimization and improve the operation efficiency.

Description

Vertical cutter loading machine

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to a vertical cutter loading machine for correcting a spiral bevel gear cutting tool.

Background

In the prior art, the horizontal type adjusting method for adjusting the spiral bevel gear cutting tool is limited by the principle of the method, and has the problem of lower tool loading efficiency. Meanwhile, the mode detects the rear cutter surface of the cutting edge of the strip-shaped cutter bar and adjusts the rear cutter surface according to the mode, in practical application, the change of the rear cutter surface is relatively large based on the abrasion of the grinding wheel of the knife grinder, the cutting part is the cutting edge, and certain adjustment errors exist on the rear cutter surface during measurement, so that the number of processed workpieces is relatively small, and the use efficiency is low.

In view of this, there is a need for an optimized design of a correction device for a spiral bevel gear cutting tool to overcome the above-mentioned technical drawbacks.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model provides a vertical cutter loading machine, which is used for effectively improving the operation efficiency through structural optimization.

The utility model provides a vertical cutter loading machine, which is used for correcting a cutting tool of a spiral bevel gear, and comprises an upright post arranged on a lathe bed, a workpiece main shaft and a three-dimensional measuring head which is displaced along a Y axis and a Z axis relative to the upright post through a sliding component, wherein the rotating shaft of the workpiece main shaft is parallel to the Z axis; the measuring rod of the three-dimensional measuring head extends out of the body of the measuring rod, a height measuring needle and a radial measuring needle are arranged on the measuring rod, the height measuring needle is used for detecting the height position of the tool tip of the cutting tool to be detected, and the radial measuring needle is used for detecting the radial position of the cutting edge of the cutting tool to be detected; the three-dimensional measuring head is characterized in that a cutter pressing device is fixedly arranged on the body of the three-dimensional measuring head and is provided with a cutter pressing part, and the cutter pressing part can press against the cutter point of the cutting tool to be measured along the Z axis.

Preferably, the radial stylus is located close to the overhanging end side of the measuring rod with respect to the height stylus.

Preferably, the measuring part of the height measuring needle can stretch and retract along the Z axis relative to the height measuring needle body.

Preferably, the measuring part of the radial measuring needle can be telescopic along the Z axis and the Y axis relative to the radial measuring needle body, and the measuring part of the radial measuring needle is a sphere or a hemisphere.

Preferably, the knife pressing device comprises a fixing rod and a knife pressing rod, the fixing rod is fixedly connected with the body of the three-dimensional measuring head, the knife pressing part is formed on the knife pressing rod, the knife pressing rod is connected with the fixing rod, and the position of the knife pressing rod along the Z axis relative to the fixing rod is adjustable.

Preferably, the knife pressing rod is located below the fixed rod, one end of the knife pressing rod is fixedly connected with the fixed rod, and the other end of the knife pressing rod is connected with the fixed rod through an adjusting piece so as to adjust the position of the other end of the knife pressing rod along the Z axis relative to the fixed rod; the pressing knife part is positioned at the other end of the pressing knife rod.

Preferably, the adjusting member is a bolt; one of the pressing cutter bar and the fixing bar is provided with a threaded hole which is matched with the bolt, and the other one of the pressing cutter bar and the fixing bar is provided with a pressing surface which is opposite to the threaded hole.

Preferably, the knife pressing part is provided with a passing opening, and the measuring part of the height measuring needle can be inserted into the passing opening.

Preferably, the sliding component comprises a Z-axis guide rail and a Z-axis sliding block which are matched with each other, and a Y-axis guide rail and a Y-axis sliding block which are matched with each other; the Z-axis guide rail is fixedly arranged on the upright post, the Y-axis guide rail is fixedly arranged on the Z-axis sliding block, and the three-dimensional measuring head is fixedly arranged on the Y-axis sliding block.

Preferably, the Z-axis sliding block is driven by a Z-axis motor to displace relative to the Z-axis guide rail, and the Y-axis sliding block is driven by a Y-axis motor to displace relative to the Y-axis guide rail; the upright post is provided with a Z-axis sensor for detecting the displacement of the Z-axis sliding block; and a Y-axis sensor is arranged on the Z-axis sliding block so as to detect the displacement of the Y-axis sliding block.

Aiming at the spiral bevel gear cutting tool, the scheme provides a vertical tool loading machine. Specifically, the adjustment and control of the blade error of the to-be-measured cutter are realized through the three-dimensional measuring head, and the three-dimensional measuring head can move along the Y axis and the Z axis relative to the upright post so as to adjust the working position of the three-dimensional measuring head according to the actual sizes of different to-be-measured cutters. The measuring rod extending out of the three-dimensional measuring head body is provided with a height measuring needle and a radial measuring needle, the height measuring needle is used for detecting the height position of the cutter point of the cutting tool to be measured so as to control the axial error of the cutter bar, and the radial measuring needle is used for detecting the radial position of the cutting edge of the cutting tool to be measured so as to adjust the radial runout error of the cutter bar; meanwhile, a cutter pressing device is fixedly arranged on the body of the three-dimensional measuring head, and the cutter pressing part of the cutter pressing device can press the cutter point of the cutting tool to be measured along the Z axis so as to rapidly realize the positioning of each cutter bar in the height direction. Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial technical effects:

firstly, based on the vertical cutter loading machine provided by the utility model, the whole lifting operation of the cutter is convenient, and compared with a horizontal machine tool, the installation efficiency can be effectively improved; meanwhile, the scheme does not need to be composed of a tail frame center equiaxial system of a workpiece shaft, the shaft system is reduced, the equipment cost is reduced, and the device has the characteristics of good rigidity and high adjustment precision of the installed shaft system on the basis.

Secondly, when the scheme is used for adjusting operation, the cutter pressing part of the cutter pressing device can be used for pressing the cutter point of the cutter bars, each cutter bar of the cutter to be measured is automatically positioned at the designed height, and on the basis, the radial position of each cutter bar is adjusted, so that the adjusting efficiency is improved.

Thirdly, in the preferred scheme of the utility model, the measuring part of the height measuring needle can stretch and retract along the Z axis relative to the height measuring needle body, and the measuring part of the radial measuring needle can also stretch and retract along the Z axis and the Y axis relative to the radial measuring needle body, so that the working height of the corresponding measuring part can be adjusted according to the need in the adjustment process, so that corresponding position detection can be carried out one by one for a plurality of blades circumferentially arranged on the cutter disc, and the functional requirement of quick adjustment is met; in addition, the device can be widely applied to adjustment of different cutter types.

Fourth, in another preferred embodiment of the present utility model, a fixing rod of the pressing tool device is fixedly connected with a body of the three-dimensional measuring head, a pressing tool bar thereof is connected with the fixing rod, and a position of the pressing tool bar along a Z axis relative to the fixing rod is adjustable, so that a height position of a pressing tool portion formed on the pressing tool bar has an adjustable function; that is, the basic height position of the cutter pressing portion can be adjusted according to a specific cutter size, whereby the applicability of the vertical cutter loader can be further improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a vertical cutter loader according to an embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a partial enlarged view of the measurement end of the three-dimensional probe shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the dimensional relationship of the cutterhead adjustment in the specific embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a radial stylus touching the edge measurement points of an inner blade;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the radial side needle touching the edge measurement point of the outer blade bar;

fig. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.

In the figure:

the machine tool comprises a machine tool body 1, a workpiece spindle 2, a column 3, a three-dimensional measuring head 4, a measuring rod 41, a body 42, a height measuring needle 43, a measuring part 431, a radial measuring needle 44, a measuring part 441, a Z-axis guide rail 51, a Z-axis sliding block 52, a Z-axis grating ruler 53, a Z-axis motor 54, a Y-axis guide rail 61, a Y-axis sliding block 62, a Y-axis grating ruler 63, a Y-axis motor 64, a pressing device 7, a fixing rod 71, a threaded hole 711, a pressing rod 72, a pressing part 721, a pressing surface 722, a through hole 723, a bolt 73 and a balancing device 8;

cutterhead 9, outer cutter bar 91, inner cutter bar 92, threaded fastener 93, cutter slot 94.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solution of the present utility model better understood by those skilled in the art, the present utility model will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1, the overall structure of the vertical cutter loader according to the present embodiment is shown.

The vertical cutter loading machine is used for correcting cutting tools of spiral bevel gears, and as shown in the figure, a lathe bed 1 is used as a machine tool foundation, and a workpiece main shaft 2 and a stand column 3 are arranged on the vertical cutter loading machine. The workpiece spindle 2 can rotate along the direction indicated by the arrow C to construct a single installation shafting, and the axis of the rotation is parallel to the Z axis; the cutterhead 9 of the tool to be measured is mountable on the workpiece spindle 2 and rotates with the workpiece spindle 2 about its swivel axis. In this solution, other main functional components are provided on the upright 3.

Wherein, the three-dimensional measuring head 4 is displaced along the Y axis and the Z axis relative to the upright post 3 through the sliding component; here, the "Y axis" and the "Z axis" are constructed to form two dimensions of the adjustment coordinate system, as shown by the arrow in the figure, the "Y axis" defines the left-right displacement direction, and the "Z axis" defines the vertical displacement direction, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned dimensions are defined to clearly describe the dynamic fit relationship between the associated members, and do not constitute a substantial limitation to the vertical type cutter loader claimed in the present application.

In the scheme, the three-dimensional measuring head 4 can simultaneously sense the three-dimensional coordinate change of the measured point, and the detection precision is high. It can be understood that the working mechanism of the three-dimensional measuring head 4 is not the core utility model point of the present application, and can be implemented by a person skilled in the art based on the prior art, so that the description is omitted herein.

Referring also to fig. 2, an enlarged view of a portion of the measuring end of the three-dimensional measuring head 4 shown in fig. 1 is shown. The measuring rod 41 of the three-dimensional measuring head 4 extends out from the body 42 thereof to drive the height measuring needle 43 and the radial measuring needle 44 thereon to displace according to the actual adjustment requirement. The height measuring needle 43 is used for detecting the height position of the tool tip of each tool bar (91, 92) on the cutter disc 9 of the cutting tool to be measured so as to control the axial error of the tool bar; the radial measuring pin 44 is used for detecting the radial positions of the cutting edges of the cutter bars (91, 92) on the cutter disc 9 so as to adjust the radial runout error of the cutter bars. Based on this setting, the radial uniformity and the height uniformity of each blade (91, 92) on the cutter disc 9 of the cutting tool to be measured are determined. Referring to fig. 3, a schematic diagram of the dimensional relationship of the cutterhead adjustment is shown.

The spiral bevel gear cutting tool includes two sets of bars: the outer blade 91 and the inner blade 92 are sequentially spaced apart in the circumferential direction, as shown in fig. 1, respectively. For simplicity of illustration, the inner knife bars 92 are illustrated in FIG. 3 as radial and height dimensional relationships of the bars. Each cutter bar is inserted into a corresponding cutter groove of the cutter head 5 and is positioned and fixed through a threaded fastener 93.

In this scheme, fixedly provided with hold-down device 7 on body 42 of three-dimensional gauge head 4, based on the slip subassembly, this hold-down device 7 can be with three-dimensional gauge head 4 synchronous along Y axle and Z axle displacement. The blade pressing device 7 has a blade pressing portion 721 by which the tips of the respective blades of the cutting tool to be measured can be pressed along the Z axis.

The following briefly describes the specific operation flow of the vertical cutter loading machine according to the scheme:

1. the cutter bar is preassembled.

Firstly, respectively pre-loading an inner cutter bar 92 and an outer cutter bar 91 into a cutter groove 94 according to the design position, and screwing up an upper thread fastener 93 and a lower thread fastener 93 on the side surface of a cutter disc 9; then, the blades rotate for a certain angle respectively, and the blades can freely slide in the cutter slots and do not fall. The operator can push each cutter bar by hand to check whether the cutter bars can be easily pushed or not, and finally, the cutter bars are pulled up to about 5-10mm above the set height of the cutter.

2. And (5) preparing the cutter head adjustment.

The cutter 9 with the cutter bars is arranged on the workpiece spindle 2, and parameters of the cutter and the cutter bars are input into a machine tool to establish a cutter adjusting model. Then, the Y axis and the Z axis are manually moved, and the tip of the reference bar (outer bar or inner bar) is pressed by the pressing part 721 of the pressing device 7, as shown in fig. 2, and the reference bar is moved down to a predetermined position along the pocket, preferably, the EZ-direction reading of the three-dimensional measuring head 4 is controlled to be about 0.4 mm. The system records the position data of each axial pressing tool at the moment and takes the position data as a calibration reference value.

3. The system tuning procedure is initiated.

Firstly, a cutter loading program is started, and the inner cutter bars and the outer cutter bars are automatically pressed to the set height of the cutter loading according to the cutter head adjusting model and the set cutter pressing position, as shown in fig. 2. After the Y-axis errors of all the blades are within the tolerance range of the specified height, the upper and lower threaded fasteners 93 are sequentially tightened as required by the rated torque. Then, a blade measuring program is started, and radial errors of the blade measuring points of the inner and outer blades are sequentially measured by using the radial measuring needle 44 according to the Y-axis and C-axis linkage mode, please refer to fig. 4 and fig. 5 together, wherein fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the radial measuring needle 44 touching the blade measuring point of the inner blade 92, and fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the radial side needle 44 touching the blade measuring point of the outer blade 91.

In the radial error measuring process, the cutter bar exceeding the radial error range can be subjected to radial error within a set tolerance range by adjusting the height of the cutter bar and the screw tightening torque. Of course, the blade still cannot be adjusted to the set tolerance range through the comprehensive adjustment, and the blade needs to be replaced and then adjusted accordingly until the blade is adjusted to the set tolerance range. Compared with the adjustment mode of detecting the rear cutter face of the cutting edge of the strip-shaped cutter bar, the adjustment error can be effectively reduced, and the number of workpieces which can be machined by the cutter after adjustment can be increased.

In order to reduce the influence of the presser device on the radial error measurement operation space, it is preferable that the radial stylus 44 is located close to the overhanging end side of the measuring rod 41 with respect to the height stylus 43. That is, the radial needle 44 is located at the overhanging end side of the measuring rod 41, and the height needle 43 is located at the side of the measuring rod 41 near the main body 42, so that the space for measuring the radial error can be avoided after the pressing operation is completed.

In this embodiment, the measuring portion 431 of the height measuring needle 43 can stretch and retract along the Z axis relative to the body of the height measuring needle 43, and similarly, the measuring portion 441 of the radial measuring needle 44 can stretch and retract along the Z axis and the Y axis relative to the body of the radial measuring needle 44, and the posture change is adapted to the detection requirement of the cutter. Therefore, the working height of the corresponding measuring part can be adjusted according to the need in the adjustment process, so that corresponding position detection can be carried out one by one on each cutter bar circumferentially arranged on the cutter head, and the functional requirement of quick adjustment is met; in addition, the method can be widely applied to adjustment of types of non-tools.

Preferably, the measuring portion 441 of the radial probe 44 may be a sphere or a hemisphere to be in point contact with the blade measuring point, thereby improving the detection accuracy.

Further, in order to improve the applicability of the vertical cutter loader, the structure of the cutter pressing device 7 may be optimized. As shown in fig. 2, the hold-down device 7 includes a fixed rod 71 and a hold-down rod 72, wherein the fixed rod 71 is fixedly connected to the body 42 of the three-dimensional measuring head 4, and a hold-down part 721 for pressing the tip is formed on the hold-down rod 72. In this embodiment, the pressing rod 72 of the pressing device 7 is connected to the fixing rod 71, and the position of the pressing rod 72 along the Z axis relative to the fixing rod 71 is adjustable. Thus, the height position of the presser part 721 formed on the presser bar 72 has an adjustable function; that is, the base height position of the presser 721 can be set according to the specific cutter size.

It will be appreciated that the above-described position-adjustable function may be implemented in different ways. Such as, but not limited to, the preferred example structures shown in the figures. As shown in the figure, the pressing cutter bar 72 is located below the fixed bar 71, and one end of the pressing cutter bar 72 is fixedly connected with the fixed bar 71, and the other end of the pressing cutter bar 72 is connected with the fixed bar 71 through an adjusting piece (73) so as to adjust the position of the other end of the pressing cutter bar 72 relative to the fixed bar 71 along the Z axis; here, the presser 721 is located at the other end of the presser bar 72, in other words, the height of the single-side end of the presser bar 72 is adjustable, and the material selection is specifically performed according to the actual adjustment range, so long as the functional requirement of the single-side end height adjustment is satisfied.

Specifically, the adjusting member is a bolt 73, a threaded hole 711 adapted to the bolt is formed in the fixing rod 71, so that the bolt 73 can be screwed as required to adjust the extending length of the rod end, and correspondingly, a pressing surface 722 opposite to the threaded hole 711 is formed on the pressing rod 72. The pressing bar 72 is pushed by the rotating bolt 73 to change the relative positional relationship with the fixing bar 71. Has the characteristics of simple and reliable structure and convenient operation.

Of course, in order to further improve the structural integration, the blade pressing portion 721 may be provided with a through hole 723, and the measuring portion 431 of the height gauge 43 may be inserted into the through hole 723. Please refer to fig. 1 and fig. 6 together, wherein fig. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion a of fig. 1. In this way, the measuring portion 431 of the height measuring needle 43 can realize its height detecting function through the passing hole 723, and at the same time, has a function that the blade pressing portion 721 of the passing hole 723 can hold its blade pressing point.

In the scheme, the sliding component for the displacement of the three-dimensional measuring head 4 along the Y axis and the Z axis relative to the upright post 3 comprises two groups of guide rails and a sliding block mechanism. One group is an adapted Z-axis guide rail 51 and Z-axis slider 52 for Z-axis displacement, and the other group is an adapted Y-axis guide rail 61 and Y-axis slider 62 for Y-axis displacement; as shown in fig. 1, the Z-axis guide rail 51 is fixedly provided on the upright 3, the Y-axis guide rail 61 is fixedly provided on the Z-axis slider 52, and the three-dimensional measuring head 4 is fixedly provided on the Y-axis slider 62.

Specifically, the Z-axis slider 52 is driven by the Z-axis motor 54 to displace relative to the Z-axis guide rail 51, and the Y-axis slider 62 is driven by the Y-axis motor 64 to displace relative to the Y-axis guide rail 61; here, the Z-axis motor 54 and the Y-axis motor 64 are both linear motors.

In addition, a Z-axis sensor (53) is arranged on the upright post 3 to detect the displacement of the Z-axis sliding block 52, so that a closed-loop control system can be formed by the Z-axis sensor and a Z-axis motor 54 for providing power; the Z-axis slider 52 is provided with a Y-axis sensor (63) to detect the displacement of the Y-axis slider 62, thereby forming a closed loop control system with the powered Y-axis motor 64. The device can realize measurement circulation in a full-automatic mode, and realize the precise measurement function through the high-precision scanning measuring head, so that the adjusting function of the cutter bar installation precision is realized by means of the high-precision positioning device. Preferably, a Z-axis sensor may employ a Z-axis grating ruler 53 and a Y-axis sensor may employ a Y-axis grating ruler 63.

In addition, in order to make the up-and-down running along the Z axis smoother, a balancing device 8 may be added to balance the weight constituted by the Z axis slider 52, the Y axis guide rail 51, and the like.

In the foregoing embodiments provided in this embodiment, the functions of the motor, the grating scale, and the like constitute core points of the present application, and those skilled in the art can implement them based on the prior art, so that the description thereof is omitted herein.

The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present utility model, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. The vertical cutter loading machine is used for correcting a cutting tool of a spiral bevel gear and is characterized by comprising an upright post arranged on a lathe bed, a workpiece main shaft and a three-dimensional measuring head which is displaced along a Y axis and a Z axis relative to the upright post through a sliding component, wherein the rotating axis of the workpiece main shaft is parallel to the Z axis;

the measuring rod of the three-dimensional measuring head extends out of the body of the measuring rod, a height measuring needle and a radial measuring needle are arranged on the measuring rod, the height measuring needle is used for detecting the height position of the tool tip of the cutting tool to be detected, and the radial measuring needle is used for detecting the radial position of the cutting edge of the cutting tool to be detected;

the three-dimensional measuring head is characterized in that a cutter pressing device is fixedly arranged on the body of the three-dimensional measuring head and is provided with a cutter pressing part, and the cutter pressing part can press against the cutter point of the cutting tool to be measured along the Z axis.

2. The vertical cutter loader of claim 1, wherein said radial stylus is located near an overhanging end side of said measuring stick with respect to said height stylus.

3. The vertical cutter loader according to claim 1, wherein the measuring portion of the height gauge needle is retractable along the Z-axis with respect to the height gauge needle body.

4. The vertical cutter loader according to claim 1, wherein the measuring portion of the radial probe is retractable along the Z-axis and the Y-axis with respect to the radial probe body, and the measuring portion of the radial probe is a sphere or a hemisphere.

5. The vertical type tool loading machine according to claim 1, wherein the tool pressing device comprises a fixing rod and a tool pressing rod, the fixing rod is fixedly connected with the body of the three-dimensional measuring head, the tool pressing part is formed on the tool pressing rod, the tool pressing rod is connected with the fixing rod, and the position of the tool pressing rod along the Z axis relative to the fixing rod is adjustable.

6. The vertical type cutter loading machine according to claim 5, wherein the cutter pressing rod is located below the fixed rod, one end of the cutter pressing rod is fixedly connected with the fixed rod, and the other end of the cutter pressing rod is connected with the fixed rod through an adjusting piece so as to adjust the position of the other end of the cutter pressing rod relative to the fixed rod along a Z axis; the pressing knife part is positioned at the other end of the pressing knife rod.

7. The vertical cutter loader according to claim 6, wherein said adjusting member is a bolt; one of the pressing cutter bar and the fixing bar is provided with a threaded hole which is matched with the bolt, and the other one of the pressing cutter bar and the fixing bar is provided with a pressing surface which is opposite to the threaded hole.

8. The vertical cutter loader according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein said cutter pressing portion is provided with a passage opening, and a measuring portion of said height gauge needle is insertable into said passage opening.

9. The vertical cutter loader of claim 1, wherein said slide assembly comprises an adapted Z-axis rail and Z-axis slide, and an adapted Y-axis rail and Y-axis slide; the Z-axis guide rail is fixedly arranged on the upright post, the Y-axis guide rail is fixedly arranged on the Z-axis sliding block, and the three-dimensional measuring head is fixedly arranged on the Y-axis sliding block.

10. The vertical cutter loader of claim 9, wherein said Z-axis slider is driven by a Z-axis motor to displace relative to said Z-axis guide rail, and said Y-axis slider is driven by a Y-axis motor to displace relative to said Y-axis guide rail; the upright post is provided with a Z-axis sensor for detecting the displacement of the Z-axis sliding block; and a Y-axis sensor is arranged on the Z-axis sliding block so as to detect the displacement of the Y-axis sliding block.

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