CN219086871U - Power supply switching circuit and electric appliance - Google Patents

Power supply switching circuit and electric appliance Download PDF

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Publication number
CN219086871U
CN219086871U CN202222989286.3U CN202222989286U CN219086871U CN 219086871 U CN219086871 U CN 219086871U CN 202222989286 U CN202222989286 U CN 202222989286U CN 219086871 U CN219086871 U CN 219086871U
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triode
power supply
switching circuit
battery
utility
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CN202222989286.3U
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莫立富
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Guangdong Jinlaite Intelligent Technology Co ltd
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Guangdong Jinlaite Intelligent Technology Co ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems

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  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The utility model discloses a power supply switching circuit and an electric appliance, wherein the power supply switching circuit comprises a power supply interface, a first triode, a battery, a second triode and a control unit, wherein the power supply interface is used for connecting an external power supply; the collector of the first triode is respectively connected with the positive electrode of the power interface and the positive electrode of the load, and the first triode is a PNP triode; the anode of the battery is connected with the emitter of the first triode; the collector of the second triode is connected with the base electrode of the first triode, the emitter of the second triode is grounded, and the second triode is an NPN triode; the control unit is connected with the base electrode of the second triode, and the power supply switching circuit can reduce response time of switching and quickly realize power supply switching.

Description

Power supply switching circuit and electric appliance
Technical Field
The present utility model relates to the field of power supplies, and in particular, to a power supply switching circuit and an electrical apparatus.
Background
At present, some electrical products are internally provided with a battery, and are externally provided with a power supply for power supply operation, whether the electrical products are connected with the external power supply or not is usually detected through a micro control unit (Microcontroller Unit; MCU), and the power supply is switched through a control signal of the MCU, however, as the MCU is required to detect the power supply signal to judge whether the electrical products are connected with the external power supply or not, the MCU is required to send the control signal to realize the power supply switching, and the MCU system is internally provided with a capacitor, and the detection and reaction time and the capacitor discharging time of the MCU can influence the power supply switching speed.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to at least solve one of the technical problems in the prior art, and provides a power supply switching circuit and an electric appliance, which can reduce the response time of switching and rapidly realize power supply switching.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present utility model provides a power switching circuit configured with an external power supply, including: the power interface is used for connecting the external power supply; the collector of the first triode is respectively connected with the positive electrode of the power interface and the positive electrode of the load, and the first triode is a PNP triode; the anode of the battery is connected with the emitter of the first triode; the collector of the second triode is connected with the base electrode of the first triode, the emitter of the second triode is grounded, and the second triode is an NPN triode; and the control unit is connected with the base electrode of the second triode.
According to the power supply switching circuit provided by the embodiment of the first aspect of the utility model, the power supply switching circuit has at least the following beneficial effects: when the control unit receives a load starting instruction, a control signal can be sent to enable the second triode to be conducted, so that the first triode is conducted, the battery can supply power to the load, when the external power supply is connected, the base electrode of the first triode is pulled up to a high level, the first triode is cut off, the battery does not supply power to the load any more, the external power supply supplies power to the battery, the control signal is not required to be changed by the control unit in the switching process, and the power supply is directly switched through hardware, so that the response time of switching is reduced, and the power supply switching is rapidly realized.
In one embodiment of the utility model, the battery is connected to the emitter of the first transistor through a fuse.
In one embodiment of the present utility model, the positive electrode of the power interface is connected to the collector electrode of the first triode through a first diode and a second diode.
In one embodiment of the present utility model, the positive electrode of the power interface is connected to the base electrode of the first triode through a third diode.
In one embodiment of the present utility model, the base of the first triode is connected to the collector of the second triode through a first resistor.
In one embodiment of the present utility model, the control unit is connected to the base of the second transistor through a second resistor.
In one embodiment of the present utility model, the output voltage of the external power supply is 3.7V, and the rated voltage of the battery is 3.7V.
In one embodiment of the utility model, the control unit is a micro control unit.
In one embodiment of the utility model, the battery is a rechargeable lithium battery.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present utility model provides a power supply, where the driver system includes a power switching circuit provided in any one of the embodiments of the first aspect of the present utility model.
According to the embodiment of the second aspect of the utility model, the electric appliance has at least the following beneficial effects: when the control unit receives a load starting instruction, a control signal can be sent to enable the second triode to be conducted, so that the first triode is conducted, the battery can supply power to the load, when the external power supply is connected, the base electrode of the first triode is pulled up to a high level, the first triode is cut off, the battery does not supply power to the load any more, the external power supply supplies power to the battery, the control signal is not required to be changed by the control unit in the switching process, and the power supply is directly switched through hardware, so that the response time of switching is reduced, and the power supply switching is rapidly realized.
Additional features and advantages of the utility model will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the utility model. The objectives and other advantages of the utility model may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate and do not limit the utility model.
The utility model is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a power switching circuit according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the present embodiments of the present utility model, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings are used to supplement the description of the written description so that one can intuitively and intuitively understand each technical feature and overall technical scheme of the present utility model, but not to limit the scope of the present utility model.
In the description of the present utility model, a number means one or more, a number means two or more, and greater than, less than, exceeding, etc. are understood to not include the present number, and above, below, within, etc. are understood to include the present number. The description of the first and second is merely for distinguishing technical features, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of technical features indicated or the precedence of the technical features indicated.
In the description of the present utility model, unless explicitly defined otherwise, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection, etc. should be construed broadly and the specific meaning of the terms in the present utility model can be reasonably determined by a person skilled in the art in combination with the specific contents of the technical scheme.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a power supply switching circuit and an electric appliance, which can reduce the response time of switching and quickly realize power supply switching.
Embodiments of the present utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a power switching circuit according to an embodiment of the present utility model, in fig. 1, D1 represents a first diode, D2 represents a second diode, D3 represents a third diode, R1 represents a first resistor, R2 represents a second resistor, Q1 represents a first transistor, and Q2 represents a second transistor. The power supply switching circuit comprises a power supply interface, a first triode, a battery, a second triode and a control unit, wherein the power supply interface is used for connecting an external power supply; the collector of the first triode is respectively connected with the positive electrode of the power interface and the positive electrode of the load, and the first triode is a PNP triode; the anode of the battery is connected with the emitter of the first triode; the collector of the second triode is connected with the base electrode of the first triode, the emitter electrode of the second triode is grounded, and the second triode is an NPN triode; the control unit is connected with the base electrode of the second triode. When the control unit receives a load starting instruction, a control signal can be sent, the control signal is in a high level, the emitting junction of the second triode is conducted, and the second triode is conducted at the moment. The emitter of the first triode is connected with the positive electrode of the battery and is in a high level, the emitter of the second triode is grounded, and under the condition that the second triode is conducted, the collector voltage of the second triode, namely the base voltage of the first triode, is not higher than the emitter voltage of the first triode, so that the emitter junction of the first triode is conducted, the first triode is in a conducting state, the battery can supply power for a load, when an external power supply is connected, the base of the first triode is pulled up to a high level, the first triode is cut off, the battery does not supply power for the load any more, but the external power supply supplies power for the load, the switching process does not need a control unit to change a control signal, but the state of the first triode is changed by directly completing power supply switching through hardware when the power supply is connected, namely the voltage of the base of the first triode is changed, the first triode is changed from the conducting state to the cut-off state, the response time of the switching is reduced, and the power supply switching is realized rapidly.
As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, when the external power source is turned off, the first transistor can be quickly turned from the off state to the on state in the case that the second transistor is turned on, and the circuit is turned to power the load by the battery, so that the power source switching is quickly completed.
In some embodiments of the utility model, as shown in fig. 1, the battery is connected to the emitter of the first transistor through a fuse, which can prevent the device from being damaged by a short circuit.
As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments of the present utility model, the positive electrode of the power interface is connected to the collector of the first triode sequentially through the first diode and the second diode, so as to ensure that current can only flow unidirectionally from the positive electrode of the power interface to the positive electrode of the load when the power is connected. And the first diode and the second diode are able to divide the voltage with each other so that the circuit can withstand a larger voltage.
In some embodiments of the utility model, as shown in fig. 1, the positive electrode of the power interface is connected to the base electrode of the first triode through the third diode, so that current can only flow unidirectionally from the positive electrode of the power interface to the base electrode of the first triode when the power is connected.
In some embodiments of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 1, the base of the first transistor is connected to the collector of the second transistor through a first resistor.
In some embodiments of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 1, the control unit is connected to the base of the second triode through the second resistor, so as to avoid oscillation of the control signal.
As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments of the present utility model, the output voltage of the external power source may be 3.7V, and the rated voltage of the battery may be 3.7V. In this embodiment, the load may be a low-power motor, and the rated voltage of the load may be 3.7V.
It can be understood that the output voltages of the external power supply and the battery are not specifically limited in this embodiment, and only the external power supply and the battery can be adapted to the load, so that the load can be ensured to work normally, and the external power supply and the battery are all within the protection scope of the embodiment of the present utility model.
As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments of the utility model, the control unit may be a micro control unit. It can be understood that the power supply switching circuit is a part of an overall circuit of the electric appliance, an MCU is generally used as a control unit in the circuit of the electric appliance, and a control signal received by the base electrode of the second triode, namely a high level signal, can be sent by the MCU.
It should be noted that, the type of the control unit is not specifically limited in this embodiment, and the control unit may be a logic control circuit, which is also within the protection scope of this embodiment.
In some embodiments of the utility model, the battery is a rechargeable lithium battery, as shown in fig. 1.
The embodiment of the utility model also provides an electric appliance, which comprises the power supply switching circuit provided by the embodiment of the first aspect of the utility model, when the control unit receives a load starting instruction, the control unit can send a control signal, the control signal can be a high-level signal, the emission junction of the second triode is conducted, and the second triode is conducted at the moment. The emitter of the first triode is connected with the positive electrode of the battery and is in a high level, the emitter of the second triode is grounded, under the condition that the second triode is conducted, the collector voltage of the second triode, namely the base voltage of the first triode, is not high relative to the emitter voltage of the first triode, so that the emitter junction of the first triode is conducted, the first triode is in a conducting state, the battery can supply power for a load, when an external power supply is connected, the base of the first triode is pulled up to a high level, the first triode is cut off, the battery does not supply power for the load any more, but the external power supply supplies power for the load, the switching process does not need a control unit to change a control signal, but the power supply switching is directly completed through hardware when the external power supply is connected, namely the voltage of the base of the first triode is changed to change the state of the first triode, the first triode is changed into a cut-off state from the conducting state, and when the external power supply is disconnected, the first triode can be quickly changed into the conducting state from the cut-off state, the battery is switched into the load to supply power, the response time of the power supply for power supply switching can be effectively reduced, and the power supply is switched.
In some embodiments, the appliance may be a fan.
The embodiments of the present utility model have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present utility model is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. A power supply switching circuit provided with an external power supply, comprising:
the power interface is used for connecting the external power supply;
the collector of the first triode is respectively connected with the positive electrode of the power interface and the positive electrode of the load, and the first triode is a PNP triode;
the anode of the battery is connected with the emitter of the first triode;
the collector of the second triode is connected with the base electrode of the first triode, the emitter of the second triode is grounded, and the second triode is an NPN triode;
and the control unit is connected with the base electrode of the second triode.
2. The power switching circuit of claim 1, wherein the battery is connected to the emitter of the first transistor through a fuse.
3. The power switching circuit of claim 1, wherein the positive electrode of the power interface is connected to the collector of the first transistor through a first diode and a second diode.
4. The power switching circuit of claim 1, wherein the positive pole of the power interface is connected to the base of the first transistor through a third diode.
5. The power switching circuit of claim 1, wherein the base of the first transistor is connected to the collector of the second transistor through a first resistor.
6. The power switching circuit according to claim 1, wherein the control unit is connected to the base of the second transistor through a second resistor.
7. The power switching circuit of claim 1, wherein the output voltage of the external power supply is 3.7V and the rated voltage of the battery is 3.7V.
8. The power switching circuit of claim 1, wherein the control unit is a micro control unit.
9. The power switching circuit of claim 1 wherein the battery is a rechargeable lithium battery.
10. An electrical appliance comprising the power switching circuit of any one of claims 1-9.
CN202222989286.3U 2022-11-09 2022-11-09 Power supply switching circuit and electric appliance Active CN219086871U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202222989286.3U CN219086871U (en) 2022-11-09 2022-11-09 Power supply switching circuit and electric appliance

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202222989286.3U CN219086871U (en) 2022-11-09 2022-11-09 Power supply switching circuit and electric appliance

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN219086871U true CN219086871U (en) 2023-05-26

Family

ID=86391350

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202222989286.3U Active CN219086871U (en) 2022-11-09 2022-11-09 Power supply switching circuit and electric appliance

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN219086871U (en)

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