CN219024269U - Interlocking purging device for neutralization reaction of ammonium nitrate - Google Patents
Interlocking purging device for neutralization reaction of ammonium nitrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN219024269U CN219024269U CN202223548607.2U CN202223548607U CN219024269U CN 219024269 U CN219024269 U CN 219024269U CN 202223548607 U CN202223548607 U CN 202223548607U CN 219024269 U CN219024269 U CN 219024269U
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Abstract
The utility model provides an interlocking purging device for ammonium nitrate neutralization reaction, which comprises a tubular reactor, wherein one end of the tubular reactor is communicated with a liquid inlet pipe and an air inlet pipe, and the other end of the tubular reactor is communicated with a flash tank through a pipe; the liquid inlet pipe is provided with a first switch valve; a first steam purging pipe is arranged on a pipeline which is communicated with the first switch valve and the first feeding port, and a third switch valve is arranged on the air inlet pipe; and a second steam purging pipe is arranged on a pipeline which is communicated with the third switch valve and the second feeding port. According to the utility model, the combination of the straight-through ball valve and the three-way valve is arranged on the steam purging pipe, and the mode of purging the feed pipe and the tubular reactor after discharging the steam condensate is adopted when the steam purging is stopped, so that impurities such as rust, chloride ions and the like in the steam condensate are prevented from being purged and entering the tubular reactor, possible explosion accidents are avoided, and the safety of a process generating system is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of ammonium nitrate production, in particular to an interlocking purging device for an ammonium nitrate neutralization reaction.
Background
Ammonium nitrate is an important basic chemical raw material, is mainly generated by neutralization reaction of ammonia and nitric acid, and has the following reaction equation:
NH 3 +HNO 3 ＝NH 4 NO 3 +Q
the reaction process gives off a large amount of heat, and if the heat given off by the reaction cannot be effectively controlled or removed in time, the temperature can be rapidly increased. Ammonium nitrate can undergo severe decomposition reaction at a certain high temperature, a large amount of gas is discharged, the volume is rapidly expanded, and explosion occurs.
Most industrial production adopts a pressurized neutralization reaction process to produce ammonium nitrate, namely, 0.6MPa (G) gas ammonia and 55-65% dilute nitric acid are adopted to carry out chemical reaction in a tubular reactor to produce the ammonium nitrate. In the specific process flow, liquid nitric acid is atomized into liquid drops through a spray head and is fully and quickly mixed with gaseous ammonia in a tubular reactor to react, and when the flow of raw material gas ammonia and nitric acid is improperly controlled or impurities are mixed in the raw material, the neutralization reaction exceeds the critical temperature, and explosion accidents can occur in severe cases. Therefore, it is necessary to find out an abnormal situation and stop the vehicle in time in a specific process flow to prevent further damage. When emergency stop or normal plan stop occurs due to abnormality, firstly, a feed valve of gas ammonia and nitric acid is closed to stop neutralization reaction; then a steam switch valve on a feed line is opened, and low-pressure steam is adopted to purge residual ammonia gas and nitric acid materials in the feed pipeline and the tubular reactor into the flash tank.
In the existing ammonium nitrate production device, purge pipelines are arranged on feed pipelines of nitric acid and gaseous ammonia, steam switching valves are arranged on the purge pipelines, the upstream of each valve is connected with low-pressure steam, and the downstream of each valve is connected to feed pipelines of the nitric acid and the gaseous ammonia. When the shutdown occurs, an operator manually opens the steam switch valve to purge the feed pipe and the tubular reactor, and the steam switch valve is manually closed after purging for a certain time. This operation has the following problems:
1. the steam switch valve for starting the purge is in a closed state for a certain period of time, and low-pressure steam in the pipeline in front of the valve does not flow, so that steam condensate is formed in the pipeline. The long-term condensate in the pipeline can cause electrochemical corrosion to the steam input pipeline made of carbon steel materials to generate impurities such as rust, chloride ions and the like, and if the impurities enter a subsequent ammonium nitrate system, the impurities can influence the thermal stability of an ammonium nitrate solution and accelerate the decomposition of ammonium nitrate, so that a plurality of unsafe factors are brought to the process production, and safety accidents are likely to be caused.
2. In the pressurized neutralization reaction process, the steam switch valve for purging may have an internal leakage problem. When the steam switch valve is in internal leakage condition, low-pressure steam in front of the valve can leak and enter the tubular reactor, so that the temperature in the reactor is rapidly increased, and emergency process stopping is needed to avoid further safety accidents.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the utility model provides an interlocking purging device for ammonium nitrate neutralization reaction, which can perform interlocking shutdown purging, avoid the steam condensate in a pipeline in front of a steam switch valve from being input into a feed pipeline and a tubular reactor during purging, monitor and alarm the internal leakage condition of the steam switch valve in real time, and promote timely elimination of potential safety hazards.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is as follows: an interlocking purging device for neutralization reaction of ammonium nitrate comprises a tubular reactor, wherein a first feed port at one end of the tubular reactor is communicated with a liquid inlet pipe, a second feed port is communicated with an air inlet pipe, and the other end of the tubular reactor is communicated with a flash tank through a pipe;
the liquid inlet pipe is provided with a first switch valve; a first steam purging pipe is arranged on a pipeline which is communicated with the first switch valve and the first feed inlet and used for inputting low-pressure steam for purging; the first steam purging pipe is sequentially provided with a three-way valve I and a second switch valve, the three-way valve I is positioned at one end of the first steam purging pipe, which is close to the liquid inlet pipe, and the other valve port of the three-way valve I is communicated with the liquid discharge pipe;
a third switch valve is arranged on the air inlet pipe; a second steam purging pipe is arranged on a pipeline which is communicated with the third switch valve and the second feeding port and used for inputting low-pressure steam for purging; the second steam purging pipe is sequentially provided with a three-way valve II and a fourth switch valve, the three-way valve II is positioned at one end, close to the air inlet pipe, of the second steam purging pipe, and the other valve port of the three-way valve II is communicated with the liquid discharge pipe;
the tubular reactor is provided with a remote thermometer which is in signal communication with a first switch valve, a second switch valve, a third switch valve, a fourth switch valve, a three-way valve I and a three-way valve II;
the air inlet pipe is provided with a remote pressure gauge which is in signal communication with a first switch valve, a second switch valve, a third switch valve, a fourth switch valve, a three-way valve I and a three-way valve II;
and a temperature detection alarm is arranged on the liquid discharge pipe.
In the above technical solution, the number of the remote thermometers is plural. In a specific process flow, the length and the volume of the tubular reactor are affected by the amount of the reaction body, and in order to improve the accuracy of detection interlocking of the remote thermometer, a plurality of remote thermometers are uniformly arranged along the extending direction of the tubular reactor in the technical scheme of the utility model, so that the monitoring range of the remote thermometers covers the whole tubular reactor through reasonable arrangement, and the temperature change condition of the tubular reactor is monitored in real time.
In addition, the remote thermometer is provided with a multi-stage alarm and high temperature Gao Liansuo, when the temperature detected by any one remote thermometer on the tubular reactor reaches a high limit value (adjustable), such as about 190 ℃, the remote thermometer will send out a pre-alarm to remind operators of focusing on the temperature change condition in the tubular reactor and take necessary emergency measures; when the detected temperature reaches a high limit (adjustable), such as about 195 ℃, the remote thermometer will send out a high alarm and emergency stop and initiate a low pressure steam purge to avoid further safety accidents.
In the technical scheme, the air inlet pipe for inputting the ammonia gas is provided with the remote pressure gauge, the remote pressure gauge is provided with the multi-stage alarm and the multi-stage pressure interlocking, and when the pressure detected by the remote pressure gauge reaches or is lower than a low limit value (adjustable), for example about 0.5MPa, the remote pressure gauge sends out the low limit value alarm, the interlocking is stopped and the low-pressure steam purging is started; when the pressure detected by the remote pressure gauge reaches a high limit value (adjustable), such as 0.75MPa, the remote pressure gauge gives out a high limit value alarm, stops in an interlocking way and starts low-pressure steam purging, so that the stability of neutralization reaction in the tubular reactor is prevented from being influenced by unstable pressure of the input ammonia gas.
In the above technical solution, a first remote flow meter and a second remote flow meter are respectively disposed on the liquid inlet pipe and the air inlet pipe, the first remote flow meter and the second remote flow meter are both provided with multi-stage alarm and multi-stage flow interlocking, when the flow detected by the remote flow meter reaches or is lower than a low limit value (adjustable), for example, 70% of the set flow, the remote flow meter will send out the low limit value alarm, stop the interlocking and start the low pressure steam purging; when the flow detected by the remote flow meter reaches a high limit (adjustable), such as 110% of the set flow, the remote flow meter will send out a high limit alarm, stop the interlocking and start the low pressure steam purge.
In the technical scheme, the remote thermometer, the remote pressure gauge, the first flowmeter and the second flowmeter are automatically interlocked to operate through the control system to purge. Optionally, the utility model relies on a DCS control system to realize the monitoring of ammonia and nitric acid pressurization neutralization reaction process flow and the low-pressure steam purging after the interlocking start and stop.
It should be noted that, based on the technical solution of the present utility model, a person skilled in the art can set appropriate alarm and interlock levels for the remote thermometer, the remote pressure gauge, the first flow gauge and the second flow gauge by non-creative labor, and the technical solution thus formed is within the scope of the present utility model.
A normal production stage working condition of the utility model,
the first switch valve and the third switch valve are in an open state, nitric acid solution and gaseous ammonia are respectively input from a liquid inlet pipe and an air inlet pipe, neutralization reaction is carried out between the liquid inlet pipe and the air inlet pipe in the tubular reactor to produce ammonium nitrate, the produced ammonium nitrate is input into a flash tank from the other end of the tubular reactor through a pipeline, and the concentrated ammonium nitrate solution is obtained after steam is flashed.
Optionally, the second switching valve and the fourth switching valve are switching valves provided with through ball valves.
Optionally, the three-way valve I, the three-way valve II, the second switch valve and the fourth switch valve are provided with two-position three-way electromagnetic valves and limit switches.
The three-way valve I and the three-way valve II are provided with L-shaped three-way ball valves, and the electromagnetic valve is powered off under normal production working conditions so that the three-way valve I and the three-way valve II are in a side-on liquid discharge state; under normal production working conditions, the electromagnetic valve is powered off so that the second switching valve and the fourth switching valve are in a closed state.
The utility model relates to a staged working condition of a stop interlocking low-pressure steam blowing,
when a control console scram button is pressed or the working conditions of stopping caused by triggering of any one or more of the remote thermometer, the remote pressure gauge, the first flow meter and the second flow meter are met, the first switch valve and the third switch valve are closed in an interlocking way, and the input of raw materials into the tubular reactor is stopped; and then the second switch valve and the fourth switch valve are opened in an interlocking way, low-pressure steam of about 0.6-1.0 MPa is introduced to discharge steam condensate from the first steam purging pipe and the second steam purging pipe, and the steam condensate condensed before the three-way valve I and the three-way valve II is discharged through the side-through input drain pipe.
And after the low-pressure steam is purged for a limited time (adjustable), for example, about 5-10 seconds, the three-way valve I and the three-way valve II are adjusted to be in a straight-through state by interlocking, the straight-through purging is performed, and materials in the liquid inlet pipe, the air inlet pipe and the tubular reactor are purged into the flash tank.
And after purging is performed for a limited time (adjustable), for example, about 10-15 seconds, the second switch valve and the fourth switch valve on the steam purging pipeline are closed in an interlocking mode, the three-way valve I and the three-way valve II are locked in parallel, the three-way valve I and the three-way valve II are restored to be in a side-on state, and the shutdown purging is completed.
The utility model relates to a staged working condition for alarming internal leakage of a steam switch valve,
the utility model respectively arranges the combination of the straight-through ball valve and the three-way valve on the first steam purging pipe and the second steam purging pipe, thereby completing the procedures of discharging steam condensate and then purging. Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the straight-through ball valves (second and fourth on-off valves) upstream of the steam purge line will be subjected to greater pressures with greater risk of internal leakage.
According to the utility model, the combination mode of the straight-through ball valve and the three-way valve is adopted on the steam purging pipeline, so that the existence of the three-way valve can effectively prevent low-pressure steam from leaking out to influence the normal neutralization reaction in the tubular reactor even if the straight-through ball valve has internal leakage. In addition, the liquid discharge pipe is provided with the temperature detection alarm, and the temperature detection alarm is provided with the alarm low limit value (adjustable) and the alarm high limit value (adjustable), for example, when the temperature in the liquid discharge pipe is detected to be 60-100 ℃, the temperature detection alarm gives an alarm, and an operator is warned to detect and exclude the internal leakage condition of the through valve.
It should be noted that under normal production conditions, no condensate of steam or low-pressure steam is discharged from the liquid discharge pipe, and the temperature in the pipe is normal temperature. The low limit value and the high limit value of the proper monitoring alarm can be set by a person of ordinary skill in the art through non-creative labor according to the temperature of condensate removal in the low-pressure steam blowing stage, the temperature of internal leakage steam removal, the temperature of production environment and the like, and the formed technical scheme is within the protection scope of the utility model.
In summary, the beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:
1. the combined mode of the straight-through ball valve and the three-way valve is adopted, and the mode of discharging steam condensate firstly and then purging the feed pipe and the tubular reactor is adopted during stopping purging, so that impurities such as rust, chloride ions and the like in the steam condensate are prevented from being purged and entering the tubular reactor, possible explosion accidents are avoided, and the safety of a process system is ensured.
2. The temperature of the reactor, the pressure of the air inlet pipe and the flow of nitric acid and ammonia in the ammonium nitrate neutralization reaction are detected in real time, the process of stopping automatically and discharging steam condensate first and then purging is carried out under abnormal conditions, the safety guarantee of the process flow can be improved, the stopping probability is reduced, the automation degree of the device is improved, and the labor cost is saved.
3. The low-pressure steam purging is started in a mode of combining the straight-through ball valve and the three-way valve, so that steam leakage to a reaction system caused by internal leakage of the straight-through valve can be effectively avoided, and device stopping caused by internal leakage of the valve is avoided. In addition, a temperature detection alarm is arranged on the liquid discharge pipe, so that the condition of leakage in the through valve is timely found and alarmed, and the safety of the device is improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and together with the description serve to explain the utility model.
In the drawings:
fig. 1 shows a schematic structure of an interlocking purge device for neutralization reaction of ammonium nitrate according to the present utility model.
Wherein the above figures include the following reference numerals:
the device comprises a 1-tubular reactor, a 12-remote thermometer, a 2-liquid inlet pipe, a 21-first switch valve, a 22-first steam purge pipe, a 221-three-way valve I, a 222-second switch valve, a 23-first remote flowmeter, a 24-liquid discharge pipe, a 241-temperature detection alarm, a 3-air inlet pipe, a 31-third switch valve, a 32-second steam purge pipe, a 321-three-way valve II, a 322-fourth switch valve, a 33-remote pressure gauge, a 34-second remote flowmeter and a 4-flash tank.
Detailed Description
The utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings by means of specific embodiments. It should be noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second" and the like in the present embodiment are used solely to distinguish one element from another element having the same name, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between the elements. Features defining "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such features.
In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and defined otherwise, the term "connected" shall be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific case.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, an interlocking purge device for neutralization reaction of ammonium nitrate according to this embodiment includes:
the device comprises a tubular reactor 1, wherein a first feed inlet at one end of the tubular reactor 1 is communicated with a liquid inlet pipe 2, a second feed inlet is communicated with an air inlet pipe 3, and the other end of the tubular reactor is communicated with a flash tank 4 through a pipeline;
the liquid inlet pipe 2 is provided with a first switch valve 21; a first steam purging pipe 22 is arranged on a pipeline which is communicated with the first switch valve 21 and the first feed inlet and is used for inputting low-pressure steam for purging; the first steam purging pipe 22 is sequentially provided with a three-way valve I221 and a second switch valve 222, the three-way valve I221 is positioned at one end of the first steam purging pipe 22 close to the liquid inlet pipe 2, and the other valve port of the three-way valve I221 is communicated with the liquid discharge pipe 24;
the air inlet pipe 3 is provided with a third switch valve 31; a second steam purging pipe 32 is arranged on a pipeline which is communicated with the third switch valve 31 and the second feed port and is used for inputting low-pressure steam for purging; the second steam purging pipe 32 is sequentially provided with a three-way valve II 321 and a fourth switch valve 322, the three-way valve II 321 is positioned at one end of the second steam purging pipe 32 close to the air inlet pipe 3, and the other valve port of the three-way valve II is communicated with the liquid discharge pipe 24;
the tubular reactor 1 is provided with a remote thermometer 12 which is in signal communication with a first switch valve 21, a second switch valve 222, a third switch valve 31, a fourth switch valve 322, a three-way valve I221 and a three-way valve II 321;
the air inlet pipe 3 is provided with a remote pressure gauge 33 which is in signal communication with the first switch valve 21, the second switch valve 222, the third switch valve 31, the fourth switch valve 322, the three-way valve I221 and the three-way valve II 321;
the liquid discharge pipe 24 is provided with a temperature detection alarm.
Examples 2-3 each show an interlocking purge device for neutralization of ammonium nitrate according to the present utility model under specific conditions, and it should be noted that these examples are only shown for specific preferred conditions and do not limit the scope of the present utility model.
Example 2
In the normal production process, the first switch valve 21 and the third switch valve 31 are in an open state, nitric acid solution and gaseous ammonia are respectively input from the liquid inlet pipe 2 and the air inlet pipe 3, and the nitric acid solution and the gaseous ammonia undergo a neutralization reaction in the tubular reactor 1 to produce ammonium nitrate. At this time, the three-way valve i 221 and the three-way valve ii 321 are in a side-on drain state, and the second switching valve 222 and the fourth switching valve 322 are in a closed state.
When the device is in emergency stop or a stop triggering command is planned, the first switch valve 21 and the third switch valve 31 are closed in an interlocking way, then the second switch valve 222 and the fourth switch valve 322 are opened in an interlocking way to introduce low-pressure steam purging, and condensed steam condensate in the steam purging pipe is purged to the drain pipe 24 for removal; after purging for about 5-10 seconds, the three-way valve I221 and the three-way valve II 321 are adjusted to be in a straight-through state by interlocking, the straight-through purging is carried out, and materials in the liquid inlet pipe 2, the air inlet pipe 3 and the tubular reactor 1 are purged into the flash tank 4; after purging for about 10-15 seconds, the second switch valve 222 and the fourth switch valve 322 are closed in an interlocking manner, the three-way valve I221 and the three-way valve II 321 are locked in parallel, and the side-on state is restored, so that the shutdown purging is completed.
Example 3
Under normal production conditions, no steam condensate or low-pressure steam is discharged from the liquid discharge pipe 24, and the temperature in the pipe is normal temperature. When the second switch valve 222 and/or the fourth switch valve 322 leak, the leaked low-pressure steam enters the liquid discharge pipe 24 through the side pipeline of the three-way valve I221 and/or the three-way valve II 321, and the temperature detection alarm 241 arranged on the liquid discharge pipe 24 detects a temperature signal and then gives an alarm to alarm an operator to check the leak in the valve so as to eliminate potential safety hazard.
The foregoing is a further detailed description of the utility model in connection with specific embodiments, and it is not intended that the utility model be limited to such description. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several simple modifications and adaptations of the utility model can be made without departing from the spirit of the utility model and are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.
Claims (7)
1. An interlocking purging device for ammonium nitrate neutralization reaction is characterized by comprising a tubular reactor (1), wherein a first feed inlet at one end of the tubular reactor (1) is communicated with a liquid inlet pipe (2), a second feed inlet is communicated with an air inlet pipe (3), and the other end of the tubular reactor is communicated with a flash tank (4) through a pipeline;
a first switch valve (21) is arranged on the liquid inlet pipe (2); a first steam purging pipe (22) is arranged on a pipeline which is communicated with the first switch valve (21) and the first feed inlet and is used for inputting low-pressure steam for purging; the first steam purging pipe (22) is sequentially provided with a three-way valve I (221) and a second switch valve (222), the three-way valve I (221) is positioned at one end, close to the liquid inlet pipe (2), of the first steam purging pipe (22), and the other valve port of the three-way valve I is communicated with the liquid outlet pipe (24);
a third switch valve (31) is arranged on the air inlet pipe (3); a second steam purging pipe (32) is arranged on a pipeline which is communicated with the third switch valve (31) and the second feeding port and is used for inputting low-pressure steam for purging; a three-way valve II (321) and a fourth switch valve (322) are sequentially arranged on the second steam purging pipe (32), the three-way valve II (321) is positioned on one end, close to the air inlet pipe (3), of the second steam purging pipe (32), and the other valve port of the three-way valve II is communicated with the liquid discharge pipe (24);
the tubular reactor (1) is provided with a remote thermometer (12) which is in signal communication with a first switch valve (21), a second switch valve (222), a third switch valve (31), a fourth switch valve (322), a three-way valve I (221) and a three-way valve II (321);
the air inlet pipe (3) is provided with a remote pressure gauge (33) which is in signal communication with a first switch valve (21), a second switch valve (222), a third switch valve (31), a fourth switch valve (322), a three-way valve I (221) and a three-way valve II (321);
the liquid discharge pipe (24) is provided with a temperature detection alarm (241).
2. The interlocking purge device for ammonium nitrate neutralization reaction according to claim 1, wherein a first remote flow meter (23) is arranged on the liquid inlet pipe (2), and the first remote flow meter is in signal communication with the first switch valve (21), the second switch valve (222), the third switch valve (31), the fourth switch valve (322), the three-way valve i (221) and the three-way valve ii (321).
3. The interlocking purge device for the neutralization reaction of ammonium nitrate according to claim 1, characterized in that a second remote flow meter (34) is arranged on the air inlet pipe (3), and the second remote flow meter (34) is in signal communication with the first switch valve (21), the second switch valve (222), the third switch valve (31), the fourth switch valve (322), the three-way valve i (221) and the three-way valve ii (321).
4. The interlocking purge device for an ammonium nitrate neutralization reaction according to claim 1, wherein the number of the remote thermometers (12) is plural.
5. The interlocking purge device for an ammonium nitrate neutralization reaction according to claim 1, wherein the second switching valve (222) and the fourth switching valve (322) are switching valves provided with a straight-through ball valve.
6. The interlocking purge device for the neutralization reaction of ammonium nitrate according to claim 1, wherein the three-way valve i (221), the three-way valve ii (321), the second switching valve (222) and the fourth switching valve (322) are provided with two-position three-way solenoid valves and limit switches.
7. The interlocking purge arrangement for an ammonium nitrate neutralization reaction according to claim 1, further comprising a control system; the control system is a DCS control system.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202223548607.2U CN219024269U (en) | 2022-12-27 | 2022-12-27 | Interlocking purging device for neutralization reaction of ammonium nitrate |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202223548607.2U CN219024269U (en) | 2022-12-27 | 2022-12-27 | Interlocking purging device for neutralization reaction of ammonium nitrate |
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| CN219024269U true CN219024269U (en) | 2023-05-16 |
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| CN202223548607.2U Active CN219024269U (en) | 2022-12-27 | 2022-12-27 | Interlocking purging device for neutralization reaction of ammonium nitrate |
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