CN218972919U - Intelligent multifunctional solar heat collector, solar water heater and water heating system - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses intelligent multi-functional solar collector, solar water heater and hot water system, this solar collector is one kind and has heat collection, heat accumulation buffering of keeping in, freeze proof, prevent overheated, the solar collector of water scale resistant function, by the casing, heat collection and heat accumulation integrative case (6), cooler (18) are constituteed, the casing includes frame (1), printing opacity apron (2), backplate (3), heat collection chamber (4), heat preservation material (5), heat collection and heat accumulation integrative case (6) include heat collecting plate (7), heat accumulation case (8), between heat collecting plate (7) and heat accumulation case (8), be the seal welding all around, go up interface (16) and lower interface (17) and weld both ends about heat accumulation case (8), be the little deformation freeze proof structure of multichannel between last interface (16) and the lower interface (17), it is to receive expansion zone (13) above last interface (16), install between heat collection and heat accumulation integrative case (6) upper portion and backplate (3) cooler (18).

Description

Intelligent multifunctional solar heat collector, solar water heater and water heating system

Technical field:

the invention relates to the field of solar heat utilization, in particular to an intelligent multifunctional solar heat collector, a solar water heater and a hot water system.

The background technology is as follows:

the solar energy heat utilization has the photo-thermal conversion efficiency of more than 90%, the photo-thermal conversion efficiency of photovoltaic power generation is lower than 18%, the photo-thermal conversion efficiency is higher than the photo-thermal conversion efficiency by more than 3 times, the 1 square meter solar collector can collect and utilize more solar energy than 4 square meters photovoltaic panel, and the solar energy hot water heat energy can be stored in situ and directly utilized in situ for heating household and commercial hot water and heating, the practical use value is higher than the photovoltaic power generation by more than 3 times, and the solar energy heat collector has the natural advantages which are incomparable with the photovoltaic power generation.

The solar heat collector is an indispensable core component of a solar heat utilization product, and the solar water heater and the water heating system applied in each field are designed according to the structure, the function and the usage of the solar heat collector, and the combination mode, the heat collection operation method, the heat exchange method, the hot water heat energy transmission method, the antifreezing method, the overheat prevention method, the corrosion and scale prevention method and the measurement and control method of the solar water heater and the water heating system are determined according to the structure, the function and the usage of the solar heat collector, so that the safety, the reliability, the installation, the use and the maintenance convenience and the building compatibility of the solar water heater and the water heating system are determined, and the comprehensive cost, the operation and maintenance cost and the actual use value of the solar water heater and the water heating system can be said: without high applicability, intelligent and multifunctional solar heat collector, there is no solar heat utilization product with high applicability, high reliability and high value, and there is no sustainable solar heat utilization industry with large scale development.

The existing solar heat collector mainly comprises the following types: vacuum tubes, flat plate collectors and full flow channel collectors, which are characterized in that: the solar water heater has very high photo-thermal conversion efficiency, has single heat collection function, is afraid of freezing, is easy to overheat, is not suitable for directly heating tap water, cannot utilize tap water pressure to transfer hot water without energy consumption, and is composed of solar water heaters, water tanks which cannot be far away from the heat collector and cannot fall into a room, and a composed solar water heating system relates to a plurality of equipment types, a plurality of fault factors, large heat collection heat exchange and hot water transfer power consumption, large equipment and pipeline heat loss, low energy efficiency ratio, high comprehensive cost and operation and maintenance cost and low practical use value.

The global solar heat utilization product is widely popularized and used for more than thirty years, and the result proves that:

1. the solar heat collector with single function, whether vacuum tube type, flat plate type and full flow channel type, can not solve the problems existing in the solar heat collector and the formed products, and has low practical use value.

2. The vacuum heat-preserving vacuum tube solar heat collector has extremely high heat-preserving performance, is limited by the structure and the use method, and has more and larger problems in actual use than the non-vacuum heat-preserving flat plate solar heat collector, and has lower use value.

The invention comprises the following steps:

the invention provides an intelligent multifunctional solar collector which is developed based on the characteristics of cold and hot water, ice and gas, natural phenomena, basic rules and metal material characteristics and combines the existing conditions and high standard use requirements of users, has the functions of heat collection, heat storage temporary storage buffering, freezing resistance, overheat prevention, scale resistance, thermosyphon effect generation, high-efficiency guiding out of hot water heat energy, non-interval parallel connection, large-area parallel connection, comprehensive measurement and control and cluster control, is suitable for directly heating tap water, is suitable for conveying hot water by utilizing the pressure of tap water, does not consume electricity during heat collection and hot water conveying, can be deactivated or started at any time according to the heat utilization requirements, can comprehensively solve all the important technical problems existing in the existing solar collector and the formed product at one time, and can not cause any new problems, and solves the problems of the solar collector and the formed product, the technical scheme is as follows:

1. the integrated heat collection and storage box (6) is used for collecting heat, so that necessary conditions are created for realizing the intelligent and multifunctional functions of the solar heat collector and comprehensively and systematically solving the problems of the solar heat collector and the formed product.

The solar heat collector comprises a shell, a heat collection and storage integrated box (6) and a desuperheater (18), wherein the shell comprises a frame (1), a light-transmitting cover plate (2), a back plate (3), a heat collection cavity (4) and a heat preservation material (5), the light-transmitting cover plate (2) is arranged on the sunny side of the frame (1), the back plate (3) is arranged on the back side of the frame (1), the heat collection and storage integrated box (6) is arranged in the frame (1), the sunny side of the heat collection and storage integrated box (6) faces the light-transmitting cover plate (2), the heat collection cavity (4) is arranged between the heat collection and storage integrated box (6) and the light-transmitting cover plate (2), and the heat preservation material (5) is arranged on the inner side of the heat collection cavity (4) between the heat collection and storage integrated box (6) and the back plate (3), and is characterized in that: the heat collection and storage integrated box (6) is a stainless steel narrow water tank and is formed by welding a heat collection plate (7) and a heat storage box (8) in a preset shape, sealing welding is arranged between the heat collection plate (7) and the heat storage box (8), an upper interface (16) and a lower interface (17) are respectively welded at the upper end and the lower end of the heat storage box (8), a multi-channel micro-deformable capacity expansion freezing resistant structure is arranged between the upper interface (16) and the lower interface (17), a swelling area (13) is arranged above the upper interface (16), a heat storage temporary storage buffer area is arranged below the upper interface (16), a dirt receiving area (15) is arranged below the lower interface (17), a desuperheater (18) is arranged between the upper part of the heat collection and storage integrated box (6) and the backboard (3), and a measurement and control device (24) is arranged on the upper interface (16).

The solar water heater and the hot water system which are composed of the intelligent multifunctional solar heat collector adopt three high-efficiency methods of constant-temperature water discharge heat collection, constant-temperature circulation heat collection and constant-temperature water discharge circulation heat collection which are adaptive to the structure and the function of the heat collection and heat storage integrated box (6), can be compatible with a natural circulation heat collection method and a temperature difference control forced circulation heat collection method, and can meet the heat collection requirements of the solar water heater and the hot water system applied to various fields.

The existing vacuum tube type, flat plate type and full flow channel type solar heat collector has the heat collecting part of a tubular or plate type heat collecting structure, and the comprehensive analysis and long-term use results show that: the solar heat collector adopting the tubular and plate type heat collection structure does not have the conditions of realizing intellectualization and multifunction, can not solve the problems existing in the solar heat collector and the formed products, aims to realize the intellectualization and multifunction of the solar heat collector and solve the problems existing in the solar heat utilization products, and has the beneficial effects that the heat collection and heat storage integrated box (6) is adopted for heat collection only by adopting the water tank type heat collection structure:

1. the heat collection and heat accumulation integrated box (6) can store water and heat, has a heat accumulation temporary storage buffer function, can accumulate strong, weak and sometimes non-strong solar energy, improves heat collection efficiency, and creates necessary conditions for adopting a high-efficiency constant-temperature water discharge and constant-temperature circulation heat collection method.

2. The heat collectors are vertically arranged, a large water level difference can be formed in the heat collecting and storing integrated box (6), a strong thermosyphon effect is generated, and the heat energy leading-out efficiency of hot water can be improved.

3. The heat collection and storage integrated box (6) can be provided with various anti-freezing structures, so that the heat collector has anti-freezing capacity, and the formed product can replace anti-freezing liquid, an anti-freezing system, an isolated heat exchange system and a related measurement and control system, and can greatly simplify the formed solar water heater and hot water system.

4. The solar energy collected by each lighting surface of the heat collecting plate (7) can be guided to the vicinity of the overheat cooling air duct (19) in real time by utilizing the thermosyphon effect generated by water in the heat collecting and accumulating integrated box (6), so that conditions are created for arranging the overheat cooling device (18) and realizing the deactivation or activation of the solar heat collector at any time according to heat utilization requirements.

5. Four sides of the wall of the heat collection and storage integrated box (6) and the water in the box can be used for exchanging heat in a large area and having a larger flow passage cross section, so that the scale resistance and the blocking resistance are improved, and conditions are created for directly heating tap water and transmitting hot water without energy consumption by using tap water pressure.

6. The heat collectors are connected in parallel and are equal to the heat collecting and storing integrated boxes (6), the heat collecting and storing integrated boxes (6) are connected in parallel and can be equivalently a water tank with low-temperature water input from the bottom and high-temperature water output from the top, and the problems of uneven flow, local short circuit, local blockage and local overheating of the heat collectors existing in the parallel connection of the solar heat collectors can be solved based on the thermosyphon effect, so that necessary conditions are created for realizing cluster measurement and control.

7. The heat accumulation and temporary storage buffering, freezing resistance, overheat prevention and scale resistance functions of the heat collection and heat accumulation integrated box (6) can be utilized, conditions are created for changing a product combination mode, an installation method and a heat collection operation method, the purposes of falling to the ground and entering the room of a heat accumulation water tank of the solar water heater can be achieved, and the problems that a non-vacuum heat preservation solar heat collector is not good to use and is not applicable in cold areas can be solved.

2. The heat collection and storage integrated box (6) is provided with a plurality of paths of micro-deformable capacity-expansion freezing-proof structures and expansion areas (13), so that the invention has freezing resistance, and creates conditions for replacing freezing-proof liquid, freezing-proof systems, isolated heat exchange systems and related measurement and control systems for the formed products and greatly optimizing and simplifying the formed solar water heater and hot water system.

The multi-channel micro-deformable expansion freezing-resistant structure comprises a multi-channel pressurizing groove (9), a pressurizing welding bead (10), a heat conducting runner (11) and a micro-deformable expansion area (12), wherein the pressurizing welding bead (10) is positioned in the pressurizing groove (9), the micro-deformable expansion area (12) is positioned between the pressurizing welding bead (10) and two sides of the heat conducting runner (11), the heat collecting plate (7) and the heat accumulating box (8) are welded together by the pressurizing welding bead (10), the micro-deformable expansion area (12) which takes the pressurizing welding bead (10) as an axis and can be slightly lifted by expansion force is formed between the pressurizing welding bead (10) and the two sides of the heat conducting runner (11), the volume in the heat conducting runner (11) is enlarged through micro-deformation, the volume increased by water freezing is contained, the freezing resistance is achieved, the expansion force automatically disappears after ice melting, and the micro-deformable expansion area (12) automatically resets, and the structure and the shape of the heat conducting runner (11) comprise any one of single-sided unidirectional and double-sided bidirectional trapezoidal runners and arc runners.

The expansion area (13) is a water tank with a certain volume above an upper interface (16) of the heat collection and storage integrated tank (6), and the setting method is as follows: with the integrative case of heat collection heat accumulation (6) upper junction (16) as the world, be above upper junction (16) and receive expansion zone (13), be below and store the buffer zone of holding, blast pipe (14) are installed and are receiving expansion zone (13) top, communicate with the atmosphere, receive expansion zone (13) frost-proof principle and are: when water in the heat collection and heat storage integrated box (6) is in a liquid state, air exists in the expansion area (13), no influence is caused on heat collection, when water in the heat collection and heat storage integrated box (6) is frozen, the water and ice crystals which are increased due to water ice formation automatically enter the expansion area (13) under the action of expansion force, air in the expansion area (13) is discharged through the exhaust pipe (14), the expansion force generated due to water freezing is controlled to be in a harmless degree, the freezing resistance purpose is achieved, after the ice in the expansion area (13) is melted, the water automatically flows back to the heat storage temporary storage buffer area, and the air and water state is recovered in the expansion area (13).

The existing vacuum tube type, flat plate type and full flow channel type solar heat collector is limited by the structure of the solar heat collector, does not have the condition of setting an anti-freezing structure, has no anti-freezing capability, and causes the complexity of the composed product equipment.

The invention adopts the multichannel micro-deformable capacity-expansion anti-freezing structure and the nano-expansion area (13) to prevent freezing, and has the beneficial effects that: the heat collector is freeze-proof, antifreezing does not need antifreeze, tap water can be directly heated, a formed solar water heater water tank can be placed in a room to form a solar water heating system of any scale, a complex antifreezing system, an isolated heat exchange system and a related measurement and control system are not needed to be arranged, the types of related equipment are reduced by more than 50%, the power consumption of heat collection and hot water transmission is reduced by more than 97%, the comprehensive cost and the running cost are reduced in multiple, and the reliability and the service life are guaranteed.

The principle of the multi-channel micro-deformable capacity-expansion anti-freezing structure and the principle of the nano-expansion area (13) anti-freezing basis are as follows: the density ratio of water to ice is 1:0.9, liquid water is frozen into solid ice, the volume is increased by 11.1%, and the volume increased by the ice formation of water is contained by expansion, so that the expansion force is inhibited, and the anti-freezing purpose is achieved.

The micro-deformable capacity-expansion anti-freezing structure and the nano-expansion area (13) are two different capacity-expansion anti-freezing structures and methods, each has independent anti-freezing capacity, and can form a solar heat collector with a single anti-freezing method.

3. An overheat cooler (18) is arranged between the heat collection and storage integrated box (6) and the backboard (3), so that the heat collector has an overheat automatic cooling function, and various problems caused by overheat of the solar heat collector can be systematically solved.

The desuperheater (18) comprises a desuperheater air duct (19), a desuperheater fan (20) and a heat discharging opening (21), the desuperheater air duct (19) is arranged between the upper part of the heat collecting and storing integrated box (6) and the backboard (3), the desuperheater air duct (19) uses the outer wall of the heat storing box (8) as an isolating heat exchanger, the desuperheater fan (20) is automatically opened during desuperheater, heat energy in the heat collecting and storing integrated box (6) is discharged from the heat discharging opening (21), and the highest temperature in the solar heat collector is controlled within a set range.

Whichever type of solar heat collector has overheat problem, overheat accelerates corrosion and scaling of each component, influences heat collecting efficiency and service life, and the solar water heater and the hot water system which are formed cannot be stopped or started at any time according to heat utilization requirements, and hot water cannot be conveyed by tap water pressure, so that the solar water heater and the hot water system which are formed are caused, and a water tank cannot be far away from the solar heat collector, so that the solar water heater and the hot water system are difficult to land, enter a room and enter the ground.

The difficulty of setting up the desuperheater on solar collector lies in: the area of each solar heat collector reaches 2 square meters, the area of the desuperheater is usually only about 40 times of the area of the heat collector, more than 90 percent of lighting surfaces are far away from the desuperheater (18), the whole temperature reduction during the overheat of the solar heat collector is realized, the solar heat collector must have the condition that the solar energy collected by each lighting surface can automatically run towards the vicinity of a cooling air duct (19) in real time, the condition of setting the desuperheater is not provided by the vacuum tube type solar heat collector and the flat plate type solar heat collector of the existing tube type solar heat collector and the flat plate type solar heat collector, only the invention adopting a water tank type heat collecting structure can utilize the thermosyphon effect generated by water in the tank to automatically collect the solar energy collected by each lighting surface at the vicinity of the cooling air duct (19) in real time, the heat removal and the temperature reduction process is convenient: solar energy collected by each lighting surface nearby enters water in the heat collection and storage integrated box (6), heat energy automatically gathers to the upper part of the heat collection and storage integrated box (6) under the effect of the thermosyphon effect of the water, the desuperheater (18) is arranged on the upper part of the heat collection and storage integrated box (6), the heat energy in the cooling air channel (19) can be discharged as long as the cooling fan (20) is started, the desuperheater generates when the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the heat collector is large, the desuperheater (20) with small power and small volume can achieve the aim of integrally cooling the solar heat collector, the photovoltaic panel with small area can meet the power supply requirement of the desuperheater (20) when the overheat generates the strongest illumination, and the desuperheater overheat protection is not influenced by the commercial power.

The invention has the beneficial effects that the overheat cooler (18) is arranged: the solar heat collector is not damaged by overheat, the formed solar water heater and hot water system can be deactivated or activated at any time according to the heat utilization requirement, heat collection control automation can be truly realized, and conditions can be created for adopting a constant temperature water discharge heat collection method which does not need a pump or a heat exchanger for heat collection, does not consume electricity, can be used for keeping a water tank away from the solar heat collector, and can be used for falling to the ground, entering a room and entering the ground.

4. The product formed by the invention adopts a constant temperature water-discharging heat collection, constant temperature circulation heat collection and constant temperature water-discharging circulation heat collection method which is matched with the structure and the function of the heat collection and heat storage integrated box (6), and can meet the high-efficiency heat collection and hot water transmission requirements of hot water and heat energy output type solar water heaters and hot water systems.

To adopt a high-efficiency constant-temperature water-discharging heat collection and constant-temperature circulating heat collection method, the solar heat collector itself must have the following functions: the heat accumulation temporary storage buffering, freezing resistance, overheat prevention and scale resistance functions, the existing flat plate type, vacuum tube type and full flow passage type solar heat collector have no any one of four important functions, and only two heat collection methods of natural circulation heat collection and temperature difference control forced circulation heat collection can be adopted, and the natural circulation heat collection method has the following problems: the water tank must be installed at a position higher than the solar heat collector nearby, and cannot fall into the room, so that a series of unresolved problems are caused because the water tank is positioned at the outdoor high position; the temperature difference control forced circulation heat collection method has the following problems: the solar water heater and the hot water system are composed, the water tank cannot be far away from the heat collector, and long-term large-scale popularization and use practices prove that: the solar water heater and the hot water system adopting the natural circulation heat collection and temperature difference control forced circulation heat collection method have low practical use value.

The hot water output type solar water heater and the hot water system which are formed by the invention have the beneficial effects that the constant temperature water discharge heat collection method is adopted: the heat collector is not afraid of freezing, is not overheated, is not used for freezing prevention liquid, is not used for heat collection, is not used for circulating a heat collecting pump and a heat exchange pump, is not used for a heat exchanger, is not used for an antifreezing electric heating belt, is not used for a water tank, can be far away from the solar heat collector, can be placed on the ground, can enter a room and can enter the ground, is extremely simple and convenient to install, use and maintain, is not consumed by heat collection and hot water transmission, has running cost close to zero, and has the cost performance improved by more than 3 times compared with the most advanced vacuum tube type, flat plate heat collector type hot water output type solar water heater and hot water system, and has wider application range.

The product formed by the invention adopts the constant temperature circulation heat collection method, and has the beneficial effects that: the heat energy output type solar water heating system is composed of a heat collection device, a heat collection device and a heat collection device, wherein the heat collection device is free of antifreeze fluid and heat exchangers, few in types and quantity of related devices, large in heat collection temperature difference, small in required circulating pump power and small in heat collection electricity consumption.

The product formed by the invention adopts the constant-temperature water-discharging circulation heat collection method, and has the beneficial effects that: the heat energy output type solar water heating system is formed, and the heat collection does not need antifreeze solution, a pump and a heat exchanger; the electric valve which is electrified only during the opening and closing period can be used for replacing a circulating heat collecting pump which has high power consumption and is easy to damage, the gravity of water can be used for overcoming the circulating heat collecting resistance, the heat energy of hot water can be remotely transmitted, the water tank can be far away from the heat collector, and the water tank can be landed and can go into the ground.

The invention is compatible with natural circulation heat collection and temperature difference control forced circulation heat collection methods, and is compared with natural circulation heat collection and temperature difference control forced circulation heat collection products formed by the existing vacuum tube type, flat plate type and full flow channel type heat collectors.

The heat collector is divided into an anti-freezing structure and a function: the intelligent three-type multifunctional solar heat collector has micro-deformable capacity expansion anti-freezing type solar heat collector with nano-expansion area anti-freezing type solar heat collector and micro-deformable capacity expansion and nano-expansion area anti-freezing type solar heat collector.

The heat collector is divided into the following parts according to overheat protection functions: there are two solar collectors, a desuperheater (18) mounted and a desuperheater not mounted.

The heat collector is divided according to the installation direction, and comprises a vertical installation type solar heat collector and a horizontal installation type solar heat collector.

The outline size of the heat collector is standard: 2000 x 1000 x 80mm, ultra thin: 2000 x 1000 x 60mm or less, special type: the area, the length-width ratio and the thickness are determined by the enterprises according to the use requirements of different occasions.

The method for realizing the functions and solving the problems in the use of the product comprises the following steps:

1. The heat collection and heat storage temporary storage method comprises the following steps: sunlight irradiates the heat collecting plate (7) through the light-transmitting cover plate (2), and the heat absorbing coating on the heat collecting plate (7) converts the sunlight into heat energy, directly heats water in the heat collecting and storing integrated box (6) and temporarily stores the water in the heat collecting and storing integrated box (6).

2. The hot water heat energy guiding method comprises the following steps: when the water temperature at the upper part of the heat collection and storage integrated box (6) is higher than a set value, low-temperature water enters the heat collection and storage integrated box (6) from the lower interface (17), and high-temperature water is extruded into the heat storage water tank (26) from the upper interface (16).

3. Method of generating thermosyphon effect: the water heated by solar energy in the heat collection and storage integrated box (6) automatically sinks under the action of water head difference, the hot water molecules automatically gather to the upper part, and the hot water with the highest temperature in the heat collection and storage integrated box (6) is output from the upper interface (16).

4. The freezing resistance method comprises the following steps: the micro-deformable capacity-expansion freezing-resistant structure can automatically expand capacity and resist freezing when encountering freezing, and the added water and ice crystals automatically enter the expansion area (13).

5. The method for overheat cooling comprises the following steps: when the upper temperature of the heat collector (25) reaches the overheat protection set value, the cooling fan (20) is automatically started to cool.

6. The method for removing and preventing the scale comprises the following steps: a water processor (27) is arranged to filter and decontaminate water entering the heat collector (25) and prevent scaling, and various scaling prevention methods are available, including adding a phosphorus crystal scaling inhibitor meeting the standard of drinking water into the water, magnetizing, changing the pH value of the water, and the like.

7. The measurement and control method comprises the following steps: the measurement and control device (24) is arranged on the upper interface (16) and can monitor the temperature change in the heat collector (25) in real time to control the heat collection operation.

8. The heat collection method comprises the following steps: the hot water output type product adopts a constant temperature water discharge heat collection method, and the heat energy output type product adopts a constant temperature circulation heat collection method.

9. The cleaning method comprises the following steps: serious scale is arranged in the heat collection and storage integrated box (6), and a scale remover can be injected into the heat collection and storage integrated box and discharged from the lower interface (17) after the scale is melted.

The intelligent body of the invention is as follows:

1. the ice-melt micro-deformable expansion freezing-resistant area can automatically expand the volume and resist freezing, and the ice is automatically reset after melting.

2. The water and ice crystals which are increased when the ice is frozen due to the water freezing can automatically enter the expansion area (13) for freezing resistance, and the ice automatically flows back after melting.

3. The fan (20) is automatically started to cool when the fan is heated.

4. The heat energy in the heat collection and storage integrated box (6) automatically gathers towards the upward interface (16).

5. Solar energy collected by each lighting surface on the heat collecting plate (7) is automatically gathered towards the direction of the overheat cooling air duct (19).

The invention is characterized in that: the heat collector has more functions including heat collection, heat accumulation temporary storage buffering, freezing resistance, overheat prevention, scale resistance, thermosyphon effect generation, high-efficiency hot water heat energy leading-out, interval-free parallel connection, large-area parallel connection, comprehensive measurement and control, cluster control and the like.

The invention has the advantages that compared with the existing vacuum tube type, flat plate type heat collector type and full flow channel type solar heat collector and the formed products, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the invention is not afraid of freezing, does not need antifreeze, is applicable to high and low temperature areas, and is used globally without forbidden areas.

2. The invention is not overheated, can be deactivated or activated at any time according to the heat utilization requirement, and can truly realize heat collection control automation.

3. The invention can directly heat tap water, can utilize tap water pressure to transfer hot water, is applicable to places where tap water is available, and can adopt a pump for pressurizing places where tap water is not available.

4. The solar water heater composed of the invention has the advantages that the water tank can be far away from the heat collector, can fall to the ground and can enter the room, can collect long-distance and super high-rise solar energy for users, and is free from barriers in the installation and use of flat houses, villas, multi-storeys, high-rise and super high-rise residential buildings.

5. The solar water heating system formed by the invention does not need to be provided with a complex anti-freezing system, an isolated heat exchange system and a related measurement and control system and an anti-freezing electric heating belt, and relates to the solar water heating system with the equipment types reduced by more than 50 percent, and the solar water heating system is extremely simplified.

6. The hot water output type solar water heating system is used for obtaining the same amount of solar hot water, the power consumption is reduced by more than 97%, the comprehensive cost of products is reduced by more than 40%, and the running cost is reduced by more than 80%, so that the system reaches the ceilings of the industrial technology.

7. The product quality, the color value, the reliability and the compatibility with the building are higher, and the installation, the use and the maintenance are simpler and more convenient.

8. The invention is applicable to the field and covers the whole area and greatly exceeds the sum of the existing vacuum tube type, flat plate type and full flow channel type solar heat collectors.

9. The heat collector is designed in a standardized and modularized way, and is more suitable for intelligent and automatic mass production.

10. The heat collector has more important functions than the existing vacuum tube type, flat plate type and full flow channel type solar heat collectors by more than 5 times, so that the problems existing in the existing solar heat collectors and the formed products are comprehensively and systematically solved, and no new problems are caused.

11. The system solves the problems that the non-vacuum heat preservation solar heat collector is not good for use and is not applicable in cold areas, greatly expands the application range and the field, and is based on the following steps:

A. the heat collector is not afraid of freezing, the freezing resistance temperature is lower than 50 ℃ below zero, and the heat collector is applicable to high and low temperature areas.

B. The heat collector has a relatively large heat loss compared with a vacuum tube, but the effective lighting area is more than 30% larger than that of the vacuum tube heat collector, and the day and night heat loss is more than 70% smaller than that of the full-glass vacuum tube heat collector, so that the heat collection quantity reduced by non-vacuum heat preservation can be compensated.

C. The solar water heater is characterized by the indoor water tank, small temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the water tank, small heat loss, easy preservation of hot water and high utilization rate of collected solar energy.

D. The invention discloses a solar water heating system, which relates to a small number of equipment types and small heat loss of equipment and pipelines.

E. The air humidity in the cold area is low, the sunlight is more sufficient, and more solar energy can be collected and utilized.

New system definition and product name description:

the present invention relates to a solar water heater and a water heating system, which are constructed by vacuum tube type and flat plate type solar heat collectors to form two solar heat utilization technologies and product systems of the vacuum tube type and the flat plate type.

Description of the drawings:

fig. 1: the invention relates to a heat collection and storage integrated box (6) with a basic structure schematic diagram.

Fig. 2: the basic structure of the heat collector is schematically shown.

Fig. 3: the basic outline of the heat collector is schematically shown.

Fig. 4: application example 1 of the present invention: a basic schematic diagram of a constant-temperature water-discharging heat-collecting solar water heater.

Fig. 5: application example 2 of the present invention: a basic schematic diagram of a constant-temperature water-discharging heat-collecting solar water heating system.

Fig. 6: application example 3 of the present invention: a basic schematic diagram of a constant temperature circulation heat collection type solar water heating system.

Fig. 7: application example 4 of the present invention: a basic schematic diagram of a constant-temperature water-discharging circulation heat-collecting type solar water heating system.

Fig. 8: the solar heat utilization product system diagram constructed by the heat collector is provided.

Number designations in fig. 1-8: 1. the heat-collecting and heat-accumulating integrated box comprises a frame, a light-transmitting cover plate, a back plate, a heat-collecting cavity, a heat-insulating material, a heat-collecting and heat-accumulating integrated box, a heat-collecting plate, a heat-accumulating box, a pressurizing groove, a pressurizing weld bead, 11, a heat conduction flow passage, 12, a micro-deformable expansion area, 13, a nano-expansion area, 14, an exhaust pipe, 15, a nano-pollution area, 16, an upper interface, 17, a lower interface, 18, a desuperheater, 19, a cooling air duct, 20, a cooling fan, 21, a heat discharge opening, 22, an upper breather, 23, a lower breather, 24, a measuring and controlling device, 25, a heat collector, 26, a heat storage water tank, 27, a water processor, 28, a constant temperature water drain valve, 29, a water supplementing valve, 30, a water feeding valve, 31, a heat collecting pump, 32, a water feeding pump, 33, a temporary storage box, 34, a heat auxiliary device, A, a tap water input end and B, a hot water output end.

In fig. 1, the front view is a schematic back view of a heat collection and storage integrated box (6), the section "A-A" is a schematic view of a single-sided unidirectional flow channel shape and a micro-deformable capacity-expansion freezing resistance structure, the section "A-A" is a schematic view of a double-sided bidirectional flow channel shape and a micro-deformable capacity-expansion freezing resistance structure, the section "B-B" is a schematic view of a single-sided unidirectional flow channel basic structure, and the section "B-B" is a schematic view of a double-sided bidirectional flow channel basic structure.

In fig. 2, the front view is a schematic diagram of the invention without the back plate (3) and without the heat insulation material (5), and the heat collection and heat storage integrated box (6) with a single-sided unidirectional flow channel and the heat collection and heat storage integrated box (6) with a double-sided bidirectional flow channel are arranged in the section "A-A" and the section "B-B".

In fig. 3, "a" is a schematic view of the back surface of the present invention, "B" and "C" are schematic views of both sides of the present invention, and "D" is a schematic view of the sunny surface of the present invention.

Fig. 1-3 are basic structure diagrams of vertical solar collectors, and for the solar collectors installed horizontally, the structures, arrangement methods and working principles of the pressurizing grooves (9), the pressurizing beads (10) and the heat conducting runners (11) are unchanged, the number of the pressurizing grooves is increased along with the width of the solar collector, and the height of the pressurizing grooves is adapted to the horizontal height of the solar collector.

Fig. 4-8 are product schematic diagrams, embodiments and system diagrams of the present invention, illustrating the working principles, feasibility, benefits and application areas and fields of the present invention.

The specific embodiment is as follows:

the frame (1) has various structures, shapes and materials, comprises aluminum, polycarbonate and PVC high-strength high-temperature-resistant plastic materials, is applicable to structures, shapes and materials meeting the requirements of self-determined indexes, and adopts plastic materials, and the frame (1) and the backboard (3) can be integrated.

The light-transmitting cover plate (2) is made of low-iron glass, glass fiber reinforced plastic, polycarbonate and acrylic high-light-transmittance plastic materials, and is applicable to materials with high light transmittance and meeting the requirement of self-determined indexes.

The backboard (3) comprises a metal plate and a plastic material, the plastic material is adopted, and the backboard (3) and the frame (1) can be separated or integrated.

The heat collection cavity (4) is an air heat insulation layer with a certain thickness between the heat collection plate (7) and the light transmission cover plate (2) and is used for light transmission and heat preservation.

The heat insulating material (5) comprises phenolic resin, polyurethane foaming material and glass wool material, and can be used as materials which meet the heat-resistant requirement, have low water absorption, good heat insulating performance, no toxicity, weather resistance, flame retardance, no pollution and are suitable for use.

The heat collection and storage integrated box (6) is formed by welding a heat collection plate (7) and a heat storage box (8) with preset shapes according to requirements, wherein the heat collection and storage integrated box is made of stainless steel plates which are high in strength, corrosion resistant, flexible, easy to punch and easy to weld.

The heat absorption coating, film material and the acquisition method of the heat collecting plate (7) on the sunny side comprise spraying, coating, plating, oxidizing and bonding heat absorption film layers, such as plating black chromium, anodic oxidation, titanium-based and vanadium-titanium ceramic film layers, PVD magnetron sputtering film layers, bonding blue films, black chromium films and the like, and the solar energy absorptivity, reflectivity and acquisition process and cost of the various heat absorption coatings and film layers are different.

The pressurizing groove (9) is formed by punching the heat collecting plate (7) and the heat accumulating box (8) and is used for improving the bearing capacity of the heat collecting and accumulating integrated box (6), reducing the water tank volume and the deformation amount required by deformation expansion and facilitating welding.

The pressurizing welding bead (10) is a welding line between the heat collecting plate (7) and the heat accumulating box (8), the heat collecting plate (7) and the heat accumulating box (8) are welded together according to the micro-deformable capacity-expansion freezing resistance requirement, and the pressurizing welding bead (10) can be welded along the center of the pressurizing groove (9) in a single way or welded along two sides in multiple ways.

The heat conduction flow channel (11) is an elastic flow channel which is formed by punching on the heat collecting plate (7) and the heat storage box (8) and can be expanded by expansion force, has the multiple functions of heat storage temporary storage, heat generation siphon effect, flow guiding, capacity expansion and freezing resistance, and the structure, the shape and the number of the heat conduction flow channel (11) are set according to the use requirements of different occasions.

The micro-variable expansion area (12) is an elastic expansion freezing-resistant runner which is formed between the two sides of the heat conduction runner (11) and the pressurizing weld bead (10) and can be sprung by expansion force, and the maximum reversible expansion capacity is set by the distance between the two sides of the heat conduction runner (11) and the pressurizing weld bead (10).

The expansion area (13) is used for containing water and ice which are increased due to water icing, and the volume of the expansion area is equivalent to the volume of the water icing increase in the heat collection and storage integrated box (6).

The air inlet and outlet pipe (14) is used for the air inlet and outlet pipe of the expansion area (13), the solar heat collector of the expansion area (13) is not contained, and the air inlet and outlet pipe (14) is not contained.

The sewage containing area (15) is a water tank with a certain volume at the bottom of the heat collecting and storing integrated tank (6) and is positioned near the lower interface (17) so as to realize nearby sewage discharge.

The upper interface (16) and the lower interface (17) are output and input interfaces of the invention, and have two important characteristics:

1. the upper interface (16) and the lower interface (17) are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the heat collection and storage integrated box (6), and the beneficial effects are that: the heat collecting and accumulating integrated box (6) accords with the basic rules of cold under and hot over, and hot water heat energy can be efficiently led out.

2. The upper interface (16) and the lower interface (17) are arranged on the back of the heat collector, and have the beneficial effects that:

a. the heat collectors are independent input and output, can be limited by current respectively, do not affect each other, and can be connected in parallel, and the heat collecting area is not limited.

b. The heat collectors can be connected in parallel without interval, and the joint does not occupy lighting area.

c. The parallel heat collectors are not connected by structural members, and the installation, the disassembly and the maintenance are not affected.

d. The heat collector is downward in interface, and outside rainwater can't infiltrate into the heat collector from the interface.

e. The interface on the heat collector is provided with the measuring and controlling device (24) simply and conveniently.

The lower interface (17) can adopt an interface with relatively larger inner diameter, so that pollution discharge during cleaning is facilitated.

The positions of the external connection ports of the heat collector are two types: one on the back side of the solar collector and the other on both sides of the solar collector.

The box body part of the desuperheater (18) adopts heat-resistant plastic materials, the structure and the shape of the desuperheater are various, the desuperheater (18) can be an independent device, and can also be integrated with the backboard (3) and the frame (1), and the cooling fan (20) is a low-power fan.

The heat collector of the invention is used in areas with low ambient temperature and occasions with low overheat probability such as circulating heat collection, and the overheat cooler (18) can not be installed.

The upper breather (22) is used for eliminating positive and negative pressure generated by temperature change in the heat collection cavity (4).

The lower breather (23) is used for draining and dehumidifying the heat collecting cavity (4), and recovering performance, and can be canceled when being in a closed state at ordinary times.

The temperature sensor and the temperature control switch are arranged in the measurement and control device (24) and are arranged on the upper interface (16), so that the temperature change in the heat collector can be monitored in real time, the output water temperature of the heat collector is set, the operation of the overheat cooling fan, the solar water heater and the hot water system is controlled, and the heat collection system formed by connecting a plurality of heat collectors in parallel can achieve the aim of integral measurement and control by only arranging one measurement and control device (24) on any heat collector.

The heat collector (25) is the invention, namely: intelligent multifunctional solar heat collector.

The heat storage water tank (26) is a non-pressure-bearing heat preservation water tank and a pool with any shape and any volume.

The water treatment device (27) is a device with functions of filtering, descaling and scaling resistance, and the water treatment method comprises physical and chemical descaling and scaling resistance methods.

The heat collector is compared with the existing solar heat collector and the solar water heater and the hot water system which are formed by the heat collector:

the existing vacuum tube type, flat plate type and full flow channel type solar heat collector has the common characteristics that: all have very high photo-thermal conversion efficiency, all have single heat collection function, all have a series of unresolved problems, these problems are mainly:

1. The heat collector has no heat accumulation and temporary storage buffer function, can not improve the heat energy leading-out efficiency of hot water through accumulating solar energy, and can not adopt a high-efficiency constant-temperature water discharge and constant-temperature circulation heat collection method.

2. The heat collector has no anti-freezing capacity, and the solar water heating system is formed by only relying on anti-freezing liquid, and a complex anti-freezing system, an isolated heat exchange system and a related measurement and control system are required to be configured, so that equipment is complicated and faults frequently occur.

3. The heat collector has no overheat preventing capability, and the heat collector is greatly damaged by overheat, and more importantly: the solar water heater and the hot water system cannot be deactivated or activated at any time according to the heat utilization requirement, and heat collection control automation cannot be truly realized.

4. The heat collector does not have the conditions of directly heating tap water and utilizing tap water pressure to transfer hot water, and the full-glass vacuum tube can directly heat tap water, but is limited by the same end of the inlet and outlet of the vacuum tube, so that heat energy is difficult to lead out, the heat energy is difficult to utilize, and the day and night heat loss is extremely large.

5. The solar water heater is limited by the structure, the function and the using method of the heat collector, the water tank is required to be installed at a position higher than the heat collector nearby and cannot fall to the ground or enter the room, and as the water tank is positioned at the outdoor high position, the wind resistance is large, the day and night heat loss is large, the water tank is easy to be blown down by strong wind, the hidden danger is high, the influence on the building structure and the image is extremely large, the installation, the use, the heat auxiliary power supply and the maintenance are inconvenient, and the practical use value is low.

6. The solar water heating system is limited by the structure, the function and the using method of the heat collector, has small heat collecting area capable of being connected in parallel, relates to multiple sub-systems and multiple equipment types, and has the advantages of large power of the required heat collecting pump and the heat exchanging pump, large heat collecting and heat exchanging power consumption, low energy efficiency ratio, high comprehensive cost, high operation and maintenance cost and low practical use value.

Fig. 4 to 7 show embodiments of solar heat utilization products according to the present invention, each of which represents a product of a subdivided application field, which have comprehensively and systematically solved the problems of the existing vacuum tube-type, flat plate-type, full flow channel-type solar collectors themselves and the products comprising them.

Fig. 4 is a basic schematic diagram of the constant temperature water discharge heat collection type solar water heater of the present invention, which is one of embodiments of the hot water output type product of the present invention, and the working principle is: when the upper water temperature in the heat collector (25) is higher than a set value, a constant temperature water drain valve (28) is opened, tap water (A) enters the heat collector (25) from a lower interface of the heat collector (25) through a water processor (27) and the constant temperature water drain valve (28), high-temperature water is extruded from an upper interface of the heat collector (25) into a heat storage water tank (26), when the water temperature in the upper part of the heat collector (25) is lower than the set value, the constant temperature water drain valve (28) is closed, when the heat storage water tank (26) is full of water, the constant temperature water drain valve (28) is closed, during the closing period of the constant temperature water drain valve (28), if the heat collector (25) is overheated, a cooling fan (20) is automatically opened for cooling, when the water level in the heat storage water tank (26) is lower than the set lowest water level, a water supplementing valve (29) is opened, the lowest water level of the heat storage water tank (26) is kept at the set value, the hot water supply is not influenced by long-term cloudy days, and the stored hot water in the water tank (26) is output from a hot water output end (B) at the bottom of the water tank, and the solar collector has the same solar energy heat collector effect as the existing vacuum tube, plate and full-type and full-runner type solar energy collector.

1. The heat collector (25) is not afraid of freezing, and the heat collector is not required to be frozen, and the heat collector is applicable to high and low temperature areas.

2. The heat collector (25) is not overheated and is not damaged by overheat, and can be deactivated or activated at any time according to the heat utilization requirement.

3. The heat collector (25) can be closely attached to a roof, a floor and a wall surface and can be better fused with the roof, the floor and the wall surface.

4. The heat storage water tank (26) is arranged at any indoor position, the roof structure and the image are not affected, and the hidden dangers such as being blown off by strong wind are avoided.

5. The constant temperature water discharge heat collection utilizes running water pressure and gravity to convey hot water, the heat collection and the hot water conveying do not consume electricity, the water tank can be far away from the heat collector, long-distance and super high-rise solar energy can be collected for users, and the multi-layer, high-rise and super high-rise residential buildings are installed and used without barriers.

6. In the range of 2-30 square meters of heat collection area and 100-1500L of water tank volume, the user needs how much to fit.

7. The constant temperature water drain valve (28) is arranged at the cold water end, is not easy to corrode, scale and damage, and ensures the reliability and the service life.

The application range of the embodiment comprises: domestic hot water, small-sized catering industry, hairdressing industry, domestic hot water, constructor dormitory and public toilet hot water for washing hands, and is suitable for places with daily hot water quantity smaller than 1500L.

Fig. 5 is a basic schematic diagram of a constant-temperature water-discharging heat-collecting solar water heating system, which is one of embodiments of the hot water output type product of the invention, and the working principle is as follows: when the water temperature at the upper part in the heat collector (25) is higher than a set value, a constant temperature water drain valve (28) is opened, tap water (A) enters the heat collector (25) from a lower interface of the heat collector (25) through a water processor (27) and the constant temperature water drain valve (28), high-temperature water is extruded from an upper interface of the heat collector (25) into a heat storage water tank (26), when the water temperature at the upper part of the heat collector (25) is lower than the set value, the constant temperature water drain valve (28) is closed, when the heat storage water tank (26) is full of water, the constant temperature water drain valve (28) is closed, and during the closing period of the constant temperature water drain valve (28), if the heat collector (25) is overheated, a cooling fan (20) is automatically opened for cooling, when the water level in the heat storage water tank (26) is lower than the set lowest water level, the water supplementing valve (29) is opened, the lowest water level of the heat storage water tank (26) is kept at the set value, and hot water supply is not influenced by overcast and rainy days.

1. The heat collector (25) is freeze-proof, antifreezing fluid is not needed, and a complex antifreezing system, an isolated heat exchange system and a related measurement and control system are not needed.

2. The heat collector (25) is not overheated, can be deactivated or activated at any time according to the heat utilization requirement, and can truly realize heat collection control automation.

3. The heat storage water tank (26) can be placed on the ground, can enter a room and can enter the ground, does not occupy the lighting area of the roof, and does not influence the roof structure and the image.

4. The heat collectors (25) can be connected in parallel in a large area, the maximum controllable heat collecting area of one constant temperature water drain valve (28) is equivalent to a multipath heat collecting system formed by the existing vacuum tube type and flat plate type solar heat collectors, a plurality of sets of circulating heat collecting pumps, heat exchangers and heat exchange pumps can be replaced, and the heat collecting system formed by the plurality of constant temperature water drain valves (28) and the heat collectors (25) can be combined together to form a large-medium type and extra-large type solar water heating system with any scale.

5. The constant temperature water drain valve (28) only consumes tiny electric energy in the extremely short time of opening and closing, which is equivalent to no power consumption, and compared with the existing vacuum tube type and flat plate collector type solar water heating systems, the power consumption of heat collection and hot water transmission is reduced by more than 97%, and the energy efficiency ratio is more than 40 times.

6. The device types are reduced by more than 50%, the comprehensive cost of the product is reduced by more than 40%, and the operation and maintenance cost is reduced by more than 70%.

8. The constant temperature water drain valve (28) is arranged at the cold water end, is not easy to corrode, scale and damage, and ensures the reliability and the service life.

9. The equipment is easy to be frozen and damaged without pumps and heat exchangers, and the equipment and pipelines are not used for freezing protection.

The application range of the embodiment comprises: hotels, institutions, schools, hospitals, civilians, senior citizens, catering industry, hairdressing industry, industrial and agricultural production and other places needing hot water of any scale are applicable to places needing hot water of any scale.

Fig. 6 is a basic schematic diagram of a constant temperature circulation heat collection type solar water heating system composed by the invention, which is one of embodiments of the heat energy output type product of the invention, and the working principle is as follows: tap water (A) fills the heat storage water tank (26) through the water processor (27) and the water feeding valve (30), when the upper water temperature in the heat collector (25) is higher than a set value, the heat collecting pump (31) is opened, low-temperature water at the lower part of the heat storage water tank (26) is pumped into the heat collector (25) from a lower interface of the heat collector (25), high-temperature water is extruded from the upper interface of the heat collector (25) into the heat storage water tank (26), when the upper water temperature in the heat collector (25) is lower than the set value, the heat collecting pump (31) is closed, solar energy collected by the heat collector (25) is led into the heat storage water tank (26) through repeated heat collection, and the heat energy output type solar water system consisting of the existing vacuum tube type solar heat collectors, flat plate type solar heat collectors and full-flow channel type solar heat collectors is used by users at any time, and the embodiment has the following advantages:

1. The heat collector (25) is freeze-proof, antifreezing fluid is not needed, and a complex antifreezing system, an isolated heat exchange system and a related measurement and control system are not needed.

2. The heat collector (25) is not overheated and is not damaged by overheat, and can be deactivated or activated at any time according to the heat utilization requirement.

3. The heat collection temperature difference is large, the heat energy leading-out efficiency is high, the required circulating pump power is small, the heat collection electricity consumption is low, and the energy efficiency ratio is high.

The application range and the field of the embodiment comprise: villa, rural house solar water heating + heating system, big-arch shelter greenhouse and solar heating soil heat accumulation heating system, solar central heating system, hot water, boiled water, steam boiler solar energy preheating system, domestic solar seawater desalination ware, solar energy stoving, fermentation, pond water heating, artificial geothermal heat, artificial hot spring, all are suitable for the place that needs heat energy.

Fig. 7 is a basic schematic diagram of a constant-temperature water-discharging circulation heat collection type solar water heating system, which is one of embodiments of the heat energy output type product of the invention, and the basic requirements are as follows: the heat collector (25) is installed in the position that is higher than heat storage water tank (26), and temporary storage box (33) are installed in the position that is higher than heat collector (25), and heat storage water tank (26) lower part is through water pump (32) and temporary storage box (33) intercommunication, and temporary storage box (33) lower part is through constant temperature drain valve (28) and heat collector (25) lower interface intercommunication, heat collector (25) upper interface and heat storage water tank (26) upper interface intercommunication, and theory of operation is: tap water (A) fills up the heat storage water tank (26) through the water processor (27), the water supply valve (30), water supply pump (32) extracts heat storage water tank (26) lower part low water and fills up temporary storage tank (33), when heat collector (25) upper portion temperature is higher than the setting value, constant temperature water discharge valve (28) are opened, water in temporary storage tank (33) gets into heat collector (25) from heat collector (25) lower interface through constant temperature water discharge valve (28), high-temperature water is exported from heat collector (25) upper interface and gets into heat storage water tank (26), when temporary storage tank (33) water level is less than the setting value, water supply pump (32) are automatic to be opened, upper portion temperature is less than the setting value in heat collector (25), water supply pump (32) are automatic to be closed after temporary storage tank (33) water is full, through repeated constant temperature water discharge circulation, solar energy that collects heat collector (25) is imported into heat storage water tank (26) at any time for the user to take, this embodiment is the same ratio with current heat energy output type large-scale solar water system, it is beneficial:

1. The heat collector (25) is freeze-proof, antifreezing fluid is not needed, and a complex antifreezing system, an isolated heat exchange system and a related measurement and control system are not needed.

2. The heat collector (25) is not overheated and is not damaged by overheat, and can be deactivated or activated at any time according to the heat utilization requirement.

3. The gravity of water can be utilized to overcome the circulation resistance, the circulation heat collection electricity consumption is less, the hot water heat energy transmission distance is long, the heat storage water tank (26) can be far away from the heat collector (25), and the device can be placed on the ground and can be put into the ground, and is convenient and flexible to install.

4. The water supply pump (32) +temporary storage tank (33) and the constant temperature water drain valve (28) can replace several circulating heat collection pumps, heat exchange pumps and heat exchangers which have large power consumption, are easy to corrode and damage.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a solar heat utilization product system constructed by a heat collector of the present invention, wherein each product name in the product system is preceded by a "new system" for distinguishing from existing solar heat utilization products, and each product in the new system adopts different heat collection operation methods, which are respectively:

the solar water heater and the hot water system of the new system adopt a constant temperature water-discharging heat collection method, other products adopt a constant temperature circulation heat collection method, and the solar heat supply system of a very large scale can adopt the constant temperature water-discharging circulation heat collection method.

The application range and the field of each product in fig. 8 are fully covered and greatly exceed the sum of the solar heat utilization products of the existing vacuum tubes, flat plate collectors and full flow channel collectors.

The invention patent is separately filed in each product in fig. 8, and details are shown in the related patent documents.

Description of related words in this specification: the term "solar collector" as used in the specification may be simply referred to as "collector".

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides an intelligent multi-functional solar collector, includes casing, integrative case of heat collection and heat accumulation (6), desuperheater (18), the casing includes frame (1), printing opacity apron (2), backplate (3), heat collection chamber (4), heat preservation material (5), the installation printing opacity apron (2) to the positive side of frame (1), the back-mounting backplate (3) of frame (1), integrative case of heat collection and heat accumulation (6) are installed in frame (1), the facing positive of integrative case of heat collection and heat accumulation (6) is towards printing opacity apron (2), heat collection chamber (4) are located between integrative case of heat collection and heat accumulation (6) and printing opacity apron (2), heat preservation material (5) are located between integrative case of heat collection and backplate (3) and heat collection chamber (4) medial surface, characterized by: the heat collection and storage integrated box (6) is a stainless steel narrow water tank and is formed by welding a heat collection plate (7) and a heat storage box (8) in a preset shape, sealing welding is arranged between the heat collection plate (7) and the heat storage box (8), an upper interface (16) and a lower interface (17) are respectively welded at the upper end and the lower end of the heat storage box (8), a multi-channel micro-deformable capacity expansion freezing resistant structure is arranged between the upper interface (16) and the lower interface (17), a swelling area (13) is arranged above the upper interface (16), a heat storage temporary storage buffer area is arranged below the upper interface (16), a dirt receiving area (15) is arranged below the lower interface (17), a desuperheater (18) is arranged between the upper part of the heat collection and storage integrated box (6) and the backboard (3), and a measurement and control device (24) is arranged on the upper interface (16).

2. The intelligent multi-functional solar collector according to claim 1, wherein: the multi-channel micro-deformable expansion freezing-resistant structure comprises a multi-channel pressurizing groove (9), a pressurizing welding bead (10), a heat conducting runner (11) and a micro-deformable expansion area (12), wherein the pressurizing welding bead (10) is positioned in the pressurizing groove (9), the micro-deformable expansion area (12) is positioned between the pressurizing welding bead (10) and two sides of the heat conducting runner (11), the pressurizing welding bead (10) welds a heat collecting plate (7) and a heat accumulating box (8) together, and a micro-deformable expansion area (12) which takes the pressurizing welding bead (10) as an axis and can be slightly lifted by expansion force is formed between the pressurizing welding bead (10) and two sides of the heat conducting runner (11), and the structure and the shape of the heat conducting runner (11) comprise any one of a single-sided unidirectional double-sided bidirectional trapezoid runner and an arc runner.

3. The intelligent multi-functional solar collector according to claim 1, wherein: the expansion area (13) is a water tank with a certain volume above an upper interface (16) of the heat collection and storage integrated tank (6), and the setting method is as follows: the upper interface (16) of the heat collection and storage integrated box (6) is used as a boundary, the upper interface (16) is provided with a nano expansion area (13) above, the lower interface is provided with a heat storage temporary storage buffer area below, and an exhaust pipe (14) is arranged at the top of the nano expansion area (13) and communicated with the atmosphere.

4. The intelligent multi-functional solar collector according to claim 1, wherein: the desuperheater (18) comprises a cooling air duct (19), a cooling fan (20) and a heat discharging opening (21), and is arranged between the upper part of the heat collection and storage integrated box (6) and the backboard (3).

5. A solar water heater comprising a solar collector as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. A solar water heating system comprising a solar collector according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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