CN218934328U - Bionic PDC coring bit cutting structure - Google Patents
Bionic PDC coring bit cutting structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN218934328U CN218934328U CN202223403461.2U CN202223403461U CN218934328U CN 218934328 U CN218934328 U CN 218934328U CN 202223403461 U CN202223403461 U CN 202223403461U CN 218934328 U CN218934328 U CN 218934328U
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Abstract
A bionic PDC coring bit cutting structure comprises a coring bit diamond matrix, wherein PDC composite sheets are inlaid on the bottom lip surface of the coring bit diamond matrix at a back inclination angle of 15-20 degrees; the drill bit is arranged at the tail end of the drill string, the drill bit transmits the weight and the rotating speed, when the drill bit breaks rock initially, the PDC composite sheet and the second pit-shaped bionic unit, the convex hull-shaped bionic unit, the annular groove-shaped bionic unit and the bionic stepped structure on the bottom lip surface of the diamond matrix of the core bit break rock together or break rock alternately, and through the ingenious design of the structure, the problems that the common core bit is low in efficiency, the PDC composite sheet is worn quickly and easily to lose efficacy, rock fragments are easy to adhere to form mud bags, the service life is short and the like in the drilling process are solved; the utility model has the characteristics of simple structure, cost saving and high efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of drilling equipment, in particular to a bionic PDC coring bit cutting structure.
Background
The development of domestic oil and gas resources gradually goes from shallow stratum to deep stratum, meanwhile, unconventional oil and gas resources show huge development potential, the development environment of the oil and gas resources is more and more complex, and the requirement on a drill bit is higher.
When a conventional PDC composite sheet drills into a soft stratum, rock fragments are easy to adhere to the surface of the composite sheet to generate mud, when drilling into a hard stratum and a hard stratum, along with the increase of drilling depth, the cutting edge surface is easy to wear, so that drilling is difficult, even the phenomenon of drill sticking or stagnation occurs, the drill bit is required to be continuously replaced in the whole drilling process, the drilling efficiency is seriously influenced, and the drilling cost is increased; the common coring bit mainly relies on the etching and grinding of the bottom lip surface and rock to drill, when softer stratum is drilled, broken rock scraps are adhered to the bottom lip surface of the bit by cement, and the drilling efficiency can be greatly reduced after diamond particles on the bottom lip surface are completely worn.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a bionic PDC coring bit cutting structure, which utilizes PDC composite sheets and second pit-shaped bionic units, convex hull-shaped bionic units, annular groove-shaped bionic units and bionic stepped structures on the bottom lip surface of a diamond matrix of the coring bit to jointly crush or alternately crush rocks.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows:
a bionic PDC coring bit cutting structure comprises a coring bit diamond matrix 2, wherein PDC composite sheets 1 are inlaid on the bottom lip surface of the coring bit diamond matrix 2 at a back inclination angle of 15-20 degrees.
The coring bit diamond matrix 2 comprises a first coring bit diamond matrix 2-1, a second coring bit diamond matrix 2-2, a third coring bit diamond matrix 2-3 and a fourth coring bit diamond matrix 2-4 which are in an annular structure and are uniformly distributed.
The number of the PDC composite sheets 1 is a plurality, and the PDC composite sheets are uniformly distributed on the bottom lip surfaces of the second core bit diamond matrix 2-2 and the fourth core bit diamond matrix 2-4.
The PDC composite sheet 1 comprises a hard alloy layer 4 at the bottom, a polycrystalline diamond surface 3 is arranged above the hard alloy layer 4, stepped structures 8 are respectively arranged at two sides and the rear end of the front end of the polycrystalline diamond surface 3, wedge structures 7 are respectively arranged above the stepped structures 8 and at two sides and the rear end of the front end of the polycrystalline diamond surface 3, chip breaking structures 6 are arranged above the wedge structures 7 and at two sides of the front end of the polycrystalline diamond surface 3, a stepped structure 16 is formed at the front end of the polycrystalline diamond surface 3, and a plurality of first pit-shaped bionic units 5 are arranged on the upper surface of the polycrystalline diamond surface 3.
Convex hull-shaped bionic units 12, annular groove-shaped bionic units 13 and second pit-shaped bionic units 11 are arranged on the bottom lip surfaces of the first coring bit diamond matrix 2-1 and the third coring bit diamond matrix 2-3 at intervals, the annular groove-shaped bionic units 13 and the second pit-shaped bionic units 11 are separated by the convex hull-shaped bionic units 12, the convex hull-shaped bionic units 12 are connected with the annular groove-shaped bionic units 13 through reinforcing rib structures 14, and stepped structures 15 are arranged at one ends of the first coring bit diamond matrix 2-1 and the third coring bit diamond matrix 2-3 respectively.
And a water gap 10 is respectively arranged among the first coring bit diamond matrix 2-1, the second coring bit diamond matrix 2-2, the third coring bit diamond matrix 2-3 and the fourth coring bit diamond matrix 2-4, and the width of the water gap 10 is 10-15mm.
The diameter of the PDC composite sheet 1 is 8mm-22mm, the total height is 7mm-17mm, the height of the polycrystalline diamond layer 3 is 2mm-4mm, and the height of the hard alloy layer 4 is 5mm-13mm.
The intersection of the polycrystalline diamond layer 3 and the hard alloy layer 4 is provided with a stripe-shaped structure 9, and the section of the stripe-shaped structure 9 is a semicircle with the radius of 1mm-1.5 mm.
The diameter of the first pit-shaped bionic unit 5 is 1mm-2mm; the diameter of the second pit-shaped bionic unit 11 is 1mm-2mm, the radial distance is 2mm-4mm, the circumferential distance is 3.5mm-7mm, and the second pit-shaped bionic unit 11 occupies 5% -20% of the area of the diamond matrix 2 of the core bit.
The convex hull-shaped bionic unit 12 is cuboid, the height of the convex hull-shaped bionic unit 12 is 0.5mm-1mm, the radial distance between the annular groove-shaped bionic unit 13 and the reinforcing rib structure 14 is 1mm-1.5mm, the width of the bionic stepped structure 15 is 0.5mm-1mm, and the height is 0.5mm-1mm.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:
1. the PDC composite sheet 1 is inlaid on the bottom lip surface of the diamond matrix 2 of the core bit at a back inclination angle of 15-20 degrees, so that high-efficiency rock breaking can be ensured.
2. According to the utility model, the first pit-shaped bionic unit 5 reduces the contact area between the cutting edge surface of the composite sheet and rock, reduces the friction between rock scraps and the surface, and a small amount of drilling fluid can be stored in the pit, so that the lubricating effect is realized in the contact process of the composite sheet and the rock, the generation of balling can be prevented, in addition, when the pit structure is contacted with the rock, the rock is tensioned, the rock is more easily broken under the tensile stress, and the rock breaking efficiency is improved.
3. According to the utility model, through the chip breaking structure 6, the wedge-shaped structure 7 and the stepped structure 8, the contact area of the composite sheet and the broken rock to generate rock chips is reduced by the stepped structure 8, so that the probability of adhesion of the rock chips is reduced; the stress is dispersed at three ladder parts when the polycrystalline diamond is contacted with rock, the stress is reduced, the service life of the polycrystalline diamond surface is prolonged, the contact area between the broken chip-shaped structure 6 and the rock is reduced when the composite sheet initially enters the stratum, the rock is more easily peeled off due to the increase of specific pressure, the rock breaking efficiency is improved, the heat stability is improved, the tips of the cutting teeth are kept sharper, the accumulated heat is reduced, meanwhile, the friction of the rock chips passing through the surface of the cutting teeth is reduced, and Gao Xiaopo rock is facilitated.
4. According to the utility model, through the chip breaking structure 6, the wedge-shaped structure 7 and the stepped structure 8, the contact area of the PDC composite sheet 1 and the broken rock to generate rock chips is reduced, so that the probability of the adhesion of the rock chips is reduced.
5. The corner of the stepped structure 8 can store a small amount of drilling fluid, plays a certain lubricating role when contacting with rock, and reduces friction and adhesion of rock scraps to the cutting edge surface.
6. The stripe-shaped structure 9 increases the contact area of the polycrystalline diamond layer 3 and the hard alloy layer 4, and improves the bonding strength between the polycrystalline diamond layer 3 and the hard alloy layer 4; when the polycrystalline diamond layer 3 is completely worn, the stripe-shaped non-smooth structure can still maintain drilling, so that the service life of the composite sheet is prolonged to a certain extent, and in addition, the structure is beneficial to heat dissipation of the composite sheet and prevents separation failure of structures of two different materials caused by friction heat generation in the rock breaking process.
7. According to the utility model, a graphite composite material can be implanted into the second pit-shaped bionic unit 11 on the core bit diamond matrix 2, the material is worn before the matrix is worn when the bit breaks rock, the pit shape can be maintained, and the worn material is distributed on the bottom lip surface of the core bit diamond matrix 2 to play a lubricating role, so that the service life and drilling efficiency of the core bit diamond matrix 2 are improved.
8. According to the utility model, the convex hull-shaped bionic unit 12 and the annular groove-shaped bionic unit 13 form a concave-convex combined shape, when the drill bit works, the convex hull-shaped bionic unit 12 pre-crushes rocks in a small area, and along with the action of the drill bit, the annular groove-shaped bionic unit 13 contacts with the pre-crushed rocks to form staggered rock breaking, so that the rock breaking efficiency is improved, in addition, the reinforcing rib structure 14 is connected with the annular groove-shaped bionic unit 13, the drill bit matrix strength is improved, and the service life is prolonged.
9. The utility model is arranged at the tail end of the drill string, the drill string transmits the bit weight and the rotating speed to the drill bit, and the cutting structure of the drill bit can effectively strip rock and prevent the generation of mud.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the structure of a PDC composite sheet 1 of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the present utility model.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of the diamond matrix 2 of the core bit of the present utility model.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the present utility model.
Wherein: 1. a PDC composite sheet; 2. coring the diamond matrix of the drill bit; 3. a polycrystalline diamond layer; 4. a cemented carbide layer; 5. a first pit-shaped bionic unit; 6. a chip breaking structure; 7. a wedge-shaped structure; 8. a stepped structure; 9. a striped structure; 10. a water gap; 11. a second pit-shaped bionic unit; 12. convex hull-shaped bionic units; 13. an annular groove-shaped bionic unit; 14. a reinforcing rib structure; 15. a bionic stepped structure; 16. a step structure.
Detailed Description
The utility model is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a cutting structure of a bionic PDC core bit comprises 4 PDC composite sheets 1 and 4 core bit diamond matrix parts, wherein the PDC composite sheets 1 are inlaid on the bottom lip surfaces of two core bit diamond matrixes at a back inclination angle of 15 ° -20 °, preferably 20 °.
As shown in fig. 1, the PDC composite sheet 1 includes a cemented carbide layer 4 at the bottom, a polycrystalline diamond surface 3 is disposed above the cemented carbide layer 4, two sides and a rear end of the front end of the polycrystalline diamond surface 3 are respectively provided with a stepped structure 8, two sides and a rear end of the front end of the polycrystalline diamond surface 3 are respectively provided with a wedge-shaped structure 7 above the stepped structure 8, two sides and a top of the wedge-shaped structure 7 are respectively provided with a chip breaking structure 6, a step structure 16 is formed at the front end of the polycrystalline diamond surface 3, and a plurality of first pit-shaped bionic units 5 are arranged on the upper surface of the polycrystalline diamond surface 3.
The polycrystalline diamond surface 3 of the PDC composite sheet 1 is provided with a chip breaking structure 6, a wedge-shaped structure 7 and a stepped structure 8, wherein the height of each layer of the stepped structure is 1mm, and the stepped structure 8 reduces the contact area of the composite sheet and broken rock to generate rock chips, so that the probability of adhesion of the rock chips is reduced; the stress is dispersed at three ladder parts when the polycrystalline diamond is contacted with rock, the stress is reduced, the service life of the polycrystalline diamond surface is prolonged, the contact area between the polycrystalline diamond surface and the rock is reduced by the chip breaking structure 6 and the wedge-shaped structure 7, the rock is more easily peeled off when the specific pressure is increased, the rock breaking efficiency is improved, the heat stability is further improved, the tips of the cutting teeth are kept sharper, the accumulated heat is reduced, meanwhile, the friction of the rock chips passing through the surface of the cutting teeth is also reduced, and Gao Xiaopo rock is facilitated.
The PDC compact 1 has a diameter of 8mm to 22mm, preferably 13.44mm, and a total height of 7mm to 17mm, preferably 8mm, wherein the polycrystalline diamond layer 3 has a height of 2mm to 4mm, preferably 3mm, and the cemented carbide layer 4 has a height of 5mm to 13mm, preferably 5mm.
Three stripe-shaped structures 9 are arranged at the joint of the polycrystalline diamond layer 3 and the hard alloy layer 4 on the PDC composite sheet 1, and the section of each stripe-shaped structure 9 is a semicircle with the radius of 1mm-1.5mm, preferably with the radius of 1mm. The stripe-shaped structure 9 increases the contact area between the polycrystalline diamond layer 3 and the hard alloy layer 4, and improves the bonding strength between the polycrystalline diamond layer 3 and the hard alloy layer 4; when the polycrystalline diamond layer 3 is completely worn, the stripe-shaped structure 9 can still maintain drilling, so that the service life of the composite sheet is prolonged to a certain extent, and in addition, the structure is beneficial to heat dissipation of the composite sheet and prevents the structure of two different materials from being separated and failing due to friction and heat generation in the rock breaking process.
The contact area of the cutting edge surface of the composite sheet and rock is reduced by the first pit-shaped bionic units 5, friction between rock scraps and the surface is reduced, a small amount of drilling fluid can be stored in the pits to play a lubricating role in the contact process of the composite sheet and the rock, the generation of balling can be prevented, in addition, when a pit structure is in contact with the rock, the rock is more easily broken under tensile stress, and the rock breaking efficiency is improved.
The diameter of the first pit-shaped bionic unit 5 is 1mm-2mm, preferably 1mm.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the core bit diamond matrix 2 includes a first core bit diamond matrix 2-1, a second core bit diamond matrix 2-2, a third core bit diamond matrix 2-3 and a fourth core bit diamond matrix 2-4, and is in a ring structure, and is uniformly distributed, and the outer diameter of the core bit diamond matrix can be 120mm, and the inner diameter of the core bit diamond matrix can be 90mm.
As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the number of PDC composite sheets 1 may be 4, and 2 PDC composite sheets 1 with 20 ° back rake angles are respectively disposed on the second core bit diamond matrix 2-2 and the fourth core bit diamond matrix 2-4. To ensure the rock breaking efficiency, 2 PDC composite sheets 1 are arranged on the bottom lip surface of the diamond matrix 2 of the core bit, and the PDC composite sheets 1 on each side are divided into a complex tooth and a main tooth.
Convex hull-shaped bionic units 12, annular groove-shaped bionic units 13 and second pit-shaped bionic units 11 are arranged on the bottom lip surfaces of the first coring bit diamond matrix 2-1 and the third coring bit diamond matrix 2-3 at intervals, the annular groove-shaped bionic units 13 and the second pit-shaped bionic units 11 are separated by the convex hull-shaped bionic units 12, the convex hull-shaped bionic units 12 are connected with the annular groove-shaped bionic units 13 through reinforcing rib structures 14, and bionic stepped structures 15 are respectively arranged at one ends of the first coring bit diamond matrix 2-1 and the third coring bit diamond matrix 2-3 along the direction perpendicular to the bottom lip surfaces.
Convex hull-shaped bionic units 12 and annular groove-shaped bionic units 13 and reinforcing rib structures 14 are arranged on the bottom lip surface of the core bit diamond matrix 2.
The water gaps 10 are respectively arranged among the first coring bit diamond matrix 2-1, the second coring bit diamond matrix 2-2, the third coring bit diamond matrix 2-3 and the fourth coring bit diamond matrix 2-4, the total number of the water gaps 10 is 4, and the width of each water gap 10 is 10-15mm, preferably 10mm.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the bottom lip surfaces of the first core bit diamond matrix 2-1 and the third core bit diamond matrix 2-3 are distributed with second pit-shaped bionic units 11, the diameter of which is 1mm-2mm, preferably 2mm, the radial distance is 2mm-4mm, preferably 4mm, the circumferential distance is 3.5mm-7mm, preferably 7mm, which are uniformly distributed on the bottom lip surface of the core bit diamond matrix 2, the second pit-shaped bionic units 11 occupy 5% -20%, preferably 15.4%, of the area of the core bit diamond matrix 2 so as to ensure that the service life and the rock breaking speed of the diamond matrix are optimal, and graphite composite materials can be implanted in the second pit-shaped bionic units 11, the abrasion speed of which is faster than that of the core bit diamond matrix 2, the pit shape is maintained, and the graphite composite materials can be adhered on the bottom lip surface after abrasion, so that the drill bit can maintain high rock breaking efficiency and the service life is improved.
The diamond matrix 2 of the coring bit is characterized in that convex hull-shaped bionic units 12 which are cuboid are distributed on the bottom lip surface of the diamond matrix 2 of the coring bit, the height of each convex hull-shaped bionic unit 12 is 0.5mm-1mm, preferably 1mm, the radial distance between each annular groove-shaped bionic unit 13 and each reinforcing rib structure 14 is 1mm-1.5mm, preferably 1.5mm, the convex hull-shaped bionic units 12 and each annular groove-shaped bionic unit 13 form a concave-convex combination shape, the convex hull-shaped bionic units 12 pre-crush rocks in a small area during the working of the bit, the annular groove-shaped bionic units 13 are in contact with the pre-crushed rocks along with the action of bit pressure to form staggered rock breaking, the rock breaking efficiency is improved, in addition, the reinforcing rib structures 14 are connected with the annular groove-shaped bionic units 13, the strength of the matrix of the coring bit is improved, and the service life of the bit is prolonged.
The bionic stepped structure 15 is arranged on the bottom lip surface of the core bit diamond matrix 2 without the PDC composite sheet 1, the width of the bionic stepped structure is 0.5mm-1mm, preferably 0.5mm, and the height of the bionic stepped structure is 0.5mm-1mm, preferably 1mm, and the bionic stepped structure 15 plays an auxiliary rock breaking role, so that the bit efficiency is further improved.
The working principle of the utility model is as follows: the utility model is arranged at the tail end of a drill string, the drill weight and the rotating speed are transmitted through the drill string, when the drill bit breaks rock initially, the PDC composite sheet 1 and the second pit-shaped bionic unit 11, the convex hull-shaped bionic unit 12, the annular groove-shaped bionic unit 13 and the stepped structure 15 on the bottom lip surface of the diamond matrix 2 of the core bit break rock together or break rock alternately, and the convex hull-shaped bionic unit, the pit-shaped bionic unit, the groove-shaped bionic unit and the stepped bionic structure make up the problem that the drilling efficiency is reduced after the PDC composite sheet 1 is worn and disabled together, and as shown in figure 2, the PDC composite sheet 1 and the diamond matrix 2 of the core bit with the pit-shaped and the convex hull-shaped bionic units have the functions of mud prevention and wear resistance.
Claims (8)
1. A bionic PDC coring bit cutting structure is characterized in that: the PDC composite sheet (1) is inlaid on the bottom lip surface of the core bit diamond matrix (2) at a back inclination angle of 15-20 degrees;
the PDC composite sheet (1) comprises a hard alloy layer (4) at the bottom, a polycrystalline diamond layer (3) is arranged above the hard alloy layer (4), stepped structures (8) are respectively arranged at two sides and the rear end of the front end of the polycrystalline diamond layer (3), wedge structures (7) are respectively arranged above the stepped structures (8) at two sides and the rear end of the front end of the polycrystalline diamond layer (3), chip breaking structures (6) are arranged at two sides of the front end of the polycrystalline diamond layer (3) and above the wedge structures (7), a step structure (16) is formed at the front end of the polycrystalline diamond layer (3), and a plurality of first pit-shaped bionic units (5) are arranged on the upper surface of the polycrystalline diamond layer (3);
the core bit diamond matrix (2) comprises a first core bit diamond matrix (2-1), a second core bit diamond matrix (2-2), a third core bit diamond matrix (2-3) and a fourth core bit diamond matrix (2-4), and is of a ring-shaped structure and uniformly distributed.
2. The bionic PDC coring bit cutting structure of claim 1, wherein: the number of the PDC composite sheets (1) is a plurality, and the PDC composite sheets are uniformly distributed on the bottom lip surfaces of the second core bit diamond matrix (2-2) and the fourth core bit diamond matrix (2-4).
3. The bionic PDC coring bit cutting structure of claim 1, wherein: convex hull-shaped bionic units (12), annular groove-shaped bionic units (13) and second pit-shaped bionic units (11) are arranged on the bottom lip surfaces of the first coring bit diamond matrix (2-1) and the third coring bit diamond matrix (2-3) at intervals, the annular groove-shaped bionic units (13) and the second pit-shaped bionic units (11) are separated by the convex hull-shaped bionic units (12), the convex hull-shaped bionic units (12) are connected with the annular groove-shaped bionic units (13) through reinforcing rib structures (14) arranged, and bionic stepped structures (15) are respectively arranged at one ends of the first coring bit diamond matrix (2-1) and the third coring bit diamond matrix (2-3).
4. The bionic PDC coring bit cutting structure of claim 1, wherein: and water gaps (10) are respectively arranged among the first coring bit diamond matrix (2-1), the second coring bit diamond matrix (2-2), the third coring bit diamond matrix (2-3) and the fourth coring bit diamond matrix (2-4), and the width of the water gaps (10) is 10-15mm.
5. The bionic PDC coring bit cutting structure of claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the PDC composite sheet (1) is 8mm-22mm, the total height of the PDC composite sheet is 7mm-17mm, the height of the polycrystalline diamond layer (3) is 2mm-4mm, and the height of the hard alloy layer (4) is 5mm-13mm.
6. The bionic PDC coring bit cutting structure of claim 1, wherein: the polycrystalline diamond layer (3) and the hard alloy layer (4) are provided with stripe structures (9) at the joint surface, and the section of each stripe structure (9) is a semicircle with the radius of 1mm-1.5 mm.
7. A bionic PDC coring bit cutting structure according to claim 3, wherein: the diameter of the first pit-shaped bionic unit (5) is 1mm-2mm; the diameter of the second pit-shaped bionic unit (11) is 1mm-2mm, the radial distance is 2mm-4mm, the circumferential distance is 3.5mm-7mm, and the second pit-shaped bionic unit (11) occupies 5% -20% of the area of the diamond matrix (2) of the core bit.
8. A bionic PDC coring bit cutting structure according to claim 3, wherein: the convex hull-shaped bionic unit (12) is cuboid, the height of the convex hull-shaped bionic unit (12) is 0.5mm-1mm, the radial distance between the annular groove-shaped bionic unit (13) and the reinforcing rib structure (14) is 1mm-1.5mm, the width of the bionic structure (15) is 0.5mm-1mm, and the height of the bionic structure is 0.5mm-1mm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202223403461.2U CN218934328U (en) | 2022-12-19 | 2022-12-19 | Bionic PDC coring bit cutting structure |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202223403461.2U CN218934328U (en) | 2022-12-19 | 2022-12-19 | Bionic PDC coring bit cutting structure |
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| CN218934328U true CN218934328U (en) | 2023-04-28 |
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| CN202223403461.2U Active CN218934328U (en) | 2022-12-19 | 2022-12-19 | Bionic PDC coring bit cutting structure |
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