CN218929637U - Electric vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an electric vehicle, comprising: the vehicle comprises a vehicle body, a first wheel, a second wheel, a third wheel, a fourth wheel, a first driving piece and a second driving piece which are arranged on the vehicle body; the first wheel and the second wheel are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the vehicle body, the third wheel is arranged at the middle part of the front side of the vehicle body, the fourth wheel is arranged at the middle part of the rear side of the vehicle body, and the third wheel and the fourth wheel are all-wheel wheels; wherein the first wheel is driven by the first driving member and the second wheel is driven by the second driving member. The electric vehicle is simple in layout and low in cost.

Description

Electric vehicle

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to an electric vehicle.

Background

The general configuration of the existing low-speed unmanned vehicles, such as unmanned road sweeper and logistics distribution vehicle, naturally adopts the general arrangement of conventional four-wheel vehicles, four wheels are adopted, front wheels are steering wheels, a front steering device drives steering knuckles and wheels to rotate for a certain angle through left and right tie rods, so that steering is realized, and the steering device is driven by a steering motor, namely a steer-by-wire system is configured. Some vehicles adopt steering wheels, so that four-wheel independent steering can be realized, and further, in-situ center steering with steering radius approximately 0 can be realized, so that special track requirements can be met.

However, such vehicles have lower driving speeds, and the conventional or special steering performance requirements can be met by configuring the steer-by-wire system, but the steering system is too complex and has higher cost, and particularly, the rotating wheels occupy a lot of space in the outline of the vehicle body, so that certain challenges are brought to the overall arrangement. It is therefore also desirable to provide an electric vehicle having a simplified overall arrangement.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the foregoing problems in the prior art, it is an object to provide an electric vehicle.

The specific technical scheme is as follows:

an electric vehicle, comprising: the vehicle comprises a vehicle body, a first wheel, a second wheel, a third wheel, a fourth wheel, a first driving piece and a second driving piece which are arranged on the vehicle body;

the first wheel and the second wheel are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the vehicle body, the third wheel is arranged at the middle part of the front side of the vehicle body, the fourth wheel is arranged at the middle part of the rear side of the vehicle body, and the third wheel and the fourth wheel are all wheels;

wherein the first wheel is driven by the first drive member and the second wheel is driven by the second drive member.

In the electric vehicle, the third wheel may be mounted on the front side of the vehicle body via a front suspension, the fourth wheel may be mounted on the rear side of the vehicle body via a rear suspension, and the front suspension and/or the rear suspension may have a suspension structure that is capable of jumping up and down.

The electric vehicle further includes a first brake provided between the first driving member and the first wheel for braking the first wheel, and a second brake provided between the second driving member and the second wheel for braking the second wheel.

In the electric vehicle, the first brake and the second brake are both electromagnetic brakes.

In the electric vehicle, the first wheel and the second wheel may be pneumatic tires.

In the electric vehicle of the above-described aspect, the third wheel may be provided with a third brake, and the fourth wheel may be provided with a fourth brake.

In the electric vehicle, the third brake and the fourth brake are both electromagnetic brakes.

The technical scheme has the positive effects that:

according to the electric vehicle provided by the utility model, the first wheel, the second wheel, the third wheel and the fourth wheel are arranged on the vehicle body in a diamond-shaped manner, the first driving piece and the second driving piece which are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the vehicle body are used for driving, and when the electric vehicle turns, the rotation speeds of the first driving piece and the second driving piece are only required to be adjusted to be different, so that the steering of the vehicle body can be realized, and therefore, four wheels arranged on the vehicle body do not need to be capable of steering relative to the vehicle body, and therefore, a very simple non-steering mounting mode can be adopted for mounting the four wheels relative to the vehicle body, namely, the four wheels only need to rotate around the rotating shaft of the vehicle body, and steering is not needed.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric vehicle provided by the utility model.

In the accompanying drawings: 1. a vehicle body; 21. a first wheel; 22. a second wheel; 23. a third wheel; 24. a fourth wheel; 31. a first driving member; 32. a second driving member; 41. a front suspension; 42. a rear suspension; 51. a first brake; 52. and a second brake.

Detailed Description

The present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to examples, which are provided to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model.

The numbering of components herein, such as "first," "second," etc., is used merely to distinguish between the described objects and does not have any sequential or technical meaning. The terms "coupled" and "connected," as used herein, are intended to encompass both direct and indirect coupling (coupling), unless otherwise indicated. In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element in question must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.

In the present utility model, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

Referring to fig. 1, the present utility model discloses an electric vehicle, which includes: the vehicle body 1, and a first wheel 21, a second wheel 22, a third wheel 23, a fourth wheel 24, a first driving member 31, and a second driving member 32 mounted on the vehicle body 1;

the first wheel 21 and the second wheel 22 are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the vehicle body 1, the third wheel 23 is arranged at the middle part of the front side of the vehicle body 1, the fourth wheel 24 is arranged at the middle part of the rear side of the vehicle body 1, and the third wheel 23 and the fourth wheel 24 are all wheels;

wherein the first wheel 21 is driven by a first driving member 31 and the second wheel 22 is driven by a second driving member 32.

Specifically, the first wheel 21, the second wheel 22, the third wheel 23 and the fourth wheel 24 are arranged on the vehicle body 1 in a diamond shape, the first wheel 21 and the second wheel 22 are driving wheels, differential steering can be realized by adjusting the rotating speeds of the two driving wheels, the steering performance requirement of a low-speed vehicle is satisfied, when the rotating speed of one driving wheel is zero, the driving wheel on the other side rotates, fixed-point steering around one wheel can be realized, and the steering radius is the vehicle width; when the rotation speeds of the two driving wheels are equal and the directions are opposite, the in-situ center steering with the steering radius close to zero can be realized, the steering performance is extremely superior, and the method is very favorable for realizing the path planning and the realization in a narrow space. However, the conventional steering device is difficult to achieve the steering performance and has a complicated structure.

According to the electric vehicle provided by the utility model, the first wheel 21, the second wheel 22, the third wheel 23 and the fourth wheel 24 are arranged on the vehicle body 1 in a diamond-shaped manner, the first driving piece 31 and the second driving piece 32 which are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the vehicle body 1 are used for driving, and when the rotating speeds are reached, the rotating speeds of the first driving piece 31 and the second driving piece 32 are only required to be regulated so as to be different, and the steering of the vehicle body 1 can be realized, so that the first wheel 21, the second wheel 22, the third wheel 23 and the fourth wheel 24 which are arranged on the vehicle body 1 do not need to be capable of steering relative to the vehicle body 1, and therefore, the first wheel 21 and the second wheel 22 can be installed in a very simple non-steering installation mode relative to the vehicle body 1, namely, the first wheel 21 and the second wheel 22 only need to rotate around the rotating shafts of the first wheel 21 and the second wheel 22, and the steering is not required, so that compared with the prior art in the background technology, the use of the steering wheels and the application of the existing complex steering system are reduced, the overall arrangement is simplified, and the cost is reduced.

The third wheel 23 is mounted on the front side of the vehicle body 1 via a front suspension 41, the fourth wheel 24 is mounted on the rear side of the vehicle body 1 via a rear suspension 42, and the front suspension 41 and/or the rear suspension 42 adopt a suspension structure that can bounce up and down. Alternatively, in the present embodiment, the front suspension 41 and the rear suspension 42 are both prior art, and the specific structure is similar to that of the front and rear suspensions of the prior two-wheeled electric vehicle.

Specifically, four-wheel vehicles need to ensure that the four wheels are grounded. The wheels arranged in diamond shape, considering that the front wheel (the third wheel 23) or the rear wheel (the fourth wheel 24) first encounters an obstacle when going forward or backward, need to jump up and down to maintain the balance of the vehicle body, so at least one wheel is provided with a suspension structure capable of jumping up and down to ensure the ground connection requirement, therefore, in the present embodiment, the front suspension 41 and/or the rear suspension 42 adopts a suspension structure capable of jumping up and down, and because the requirements for riding comfort of a low-speed vehicle, particularly a low-speed unmanned vehicle, are lower, the suspension device can be simplified appropriately, whether the existing suspension structure or the suspension structure can be simplified in advance, the overall arrangement of the vehicle is simplified, and the cost is reduced compared with the prior art.

In the present automobile, the suspension structures with elastic structures are all provided to realize the up-and-down runout of the tires to meet the vibration reduction requirement, alternatively, in this embodiment, the first wheel 21 and the second wheel 22 are pneumatic tires, especially, the high-width relatively large, i.e. softer tires with more inflation like a tractor can be adopted, and the vibration reduction requirement of the low-speed vehicle can be met only by vibration reduction of the tires, so in this embodiment, the first wheel 21 and the second wheel 22 can be connected with the automobile body 1 in a manner of not being capable of up-and-down runout. The application of the suspension structure is thus reduced, further simplifying the overall layout of the vehicle and reducing costs. In general, the center of gravity of the vehicle is in the middle of the vehicle body 1, the first wheel 21 and the second wheel 22 are used as driving wheels, and the pneumatic tire can provide higher adhesive force, so that the requirements of starting, accelerating, climbing, obstacle surmounting and the like are met.

During running of the vehicle, the third wheel 23 and the fourth wheel 24 need to rotate, and during steering, the third wheel 23 and the fourth wheel 24 do not steer, and therefore, in the present embodiment, the third wheel 23 and the fourth wheel 24 employ omni-wheels. The omni-wheel may be of prior art and will not be described in detail herein.

Further, a first brake 51 is provided between the first driving member 31 and the first wheel 21 for braking the first wheel 21, and a second brake 52 is provided between the second driving member 32 and the second wheel 22 for braking the second wheel 22. The first driver 31 and the first brake 51 are disposed coaxially with the first wheel 21, and the first driver 31 and the second brake 52 are disposed coaxially with the first wheel 21. The braking performance requirements for low speed vehicles are lower than for conventional vehicles. Providing braking means at the first wheel 21 and the second wheel 22 as driving wheels, the ground can provide sufficient adhesion and can cooperate with regenerative braking of the driving motor to provide sufficient ground braking force.

Alternatively, in the present embodiment, the first brake 51 and the second brake 52 are both electromagnetic brakes. The conventional brake-by-wire system is relatively complex in structure, a motor is arranged on a brake caliper, and a brake friction plate is pushed to contact with a brake disc through a speed reducing mechanism to provide braking force. For low-speed vehicles, an electromagnetic brake with a simpler structure can be adopted, and the locking brake disc provides a parking function when the power is off, so that the vehicle is not only reliable, but also low in energy consumption.

Further, a third brake (not shown) is provided at the third wheel 23, and a fourth brake (not shown) is provided at the fourth wheel 24 to meet the requirements of some special conditions.

Optionally, the third brake and the fourth brake are both electromagnetic brakes.

In conclusion, the electric vehicle provided by the utility model has the advantages of simple structure and lower cost.

The technical features of the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.

The foregoing examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the utility model, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the utility model, which are all within the scope of the utility model. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present utility model is to be determined by the appended claims.

Claims (6)

1. An electric vehicle, characterized by comprising: the vehicle comprises a vehicle body, a first wheel, a second wheel, a third wheel, a fourth wheel, a first driving piece and a second driving piece which are arranged on the vehicle body;

the first wheel and the second wheel are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the vehicle body, the third wheel is arranged at the middle part of the front side of the vehicle body, the fourth wheel is arranged at the middle part of the rear side of the vehicle body, and the third wheel and the fourth wheel are all wheels;

wherein the first wheel is driven by the first drive member and the second wheel is driven by the second drive member;

the third wheel is arranged on the front side of the vehicle body through a front suspension, the fourth wheel is arranged on the rear side of the vehicle body through a rear suspension, and the front suspension and/or the rear suspension adopt suspension structures capable of jumping up and down.

2. The electric vehicle of claim 1, further comprising a first brake mounted between the first drive member and the first wheel for effecting braking of the first wheel and a second brake mounted between the second drive member and the second wheel for effecting braking of the second wheel.

3. The electric vehicle of claim 2, characterized in that the first brake and the second brake are both electromagnetic brakes.

4. An electric vehicle as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the first wheel and the second wheel employ pneumatic tyres.

5. The electric vehicle of claim 4, characterized in that a third brake is provided at the third wheel and a fourth brake is provided at the fourth wheel.

6. The electric vehicle of claim 5, characterized in that the third brake and the fourth brake are both electromagnetic brakes.

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