CN218888985U - Precise small corn planter - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a precision small corn planter, which comprises a frame, wherein the upper end of the frame is provided with a seed feeding mechanism, the lower end of the frame is provided with a ditching mechanism, a soil covering mechanism and a seed pressing mechanism in sequence from front to back, the soil covering mechanism comprises a first soil covering device and a second soil covering device, and the first soil covering device is arranged in front of the second soil covering device; the first earthing device and the second earthing device all include the earthing wheel that two symmetries set up, the earthing wheel is V font, opening slope setting forward, throw kind of mechanism, earthing mechanism and press kind of mechanism and be synchronous drive. According to the utility model, a twice earthing mode is adopted, so that the sowing position of seeds is better adjusted, the sowing distance is more uniform, and the position offset of seeds is smaller; the sowing and grain discharging are uniform, so that the condition of rebroadcasting and miss-sowing is reduced; the corn planter is simple in structure and lighter in weight.

Description

Precise small corn planter

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the field of sowing devices, and particularly relates to a precise small corn sowing machine.

Background

Sowing plays a quite important role in corn production, and the quality of sowing corn seeds is directly related to the yield harvest of the period. The workload of sowing is very large, and the manual sowing wastes too much manpower resources, and the sowing effect and sowing efficiency cannot be ensured. Most of the existing agricultural machines are large machines, which are suitable for large-scale large farmlands, but are not suitable for small farmlands; many homemade small-sized seeders have the defect of low seeding precision while improving seeding efficiency.

In order to ensure the sowing plant spacing of seeds and effectively control the bouncing of the seeds, the utility model patent of publication No. CN113179711A discloses a ditching, seed pressing and earthing device for a positive pressure sowing machine, which comprises a machine base, wherein the machine base is provided with a ditching device for opening a seed groove on the land, a seed feeding pipe, a seed pressing device and an earthing device, the seed pressing device comprises a seed pressing wheel with a hub part and an outer rim which are both made of flexible materials, and the hub part is provided with a hollowed hole. Through setting up the seed pressing wheel, fall to ground in the seed from throwing the seed tube, the seed is pushed down to the seed pressing wheel, carries out earthing landfill through earthing device. Although the mode of high-speed air flow and the like is adopted in the pipe, the problems that seeds collide with the inner wall of the pipe in the seed feeding process, and the seeds collide with hard soil blocks or stone blocks on the ground when falling to the ground, so that the seeds randomly bounce, and the problems of re-sowing, missed sowing, uneven sowing distance, overlarge position offset of the seeds and the like are caused are still unavoidable.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to: in order to solve the problems in the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a precise small corn planter which is suitable for small farmland sowing and is uniform in sowing.

The technical scheme is as follows: the utility model provides a precision small corn planter, which comprises a frame, wherein a seed throwing mechanism is arranged at the upper end of the frame, a ditching mechanism, a soil covering mechanism and a seed pressing mechanism are sequentially arranged at the lower end of the frame from front to back, the soil covering mechanism comprises a first soil covering device and a second soil covering device, and the first soil covering device is arranged in front of the second soil covering device; the first earthing device and the second earthing device comprise two earthing wheels which are symmetrically arranged, and the earthing wheels are arranged in a V shape with openings obliquely towards the front; the seed throwing mechanism, the earthing mechanism and the seed pressing mechanism are all synchronously driven.

In order to ensure the precision of single seed sowing, the sowing speed and the number are controlled, the sowing mechanism adopts a cam with an eccentric circular structure, a flashboard radially inserted into a sowing pipe is arranged above the cam, a through hole consistent with the pipe diameter of the sowing pipe is arranged at the upper part of the flashboard, and a roller is arranged at the lower part of the flashboard to be contacted with the cam; through the rotation of the cam, the up-and-down reciprocating linear movement is carried out, when the round hole is overlapped with the seed feeding pipe hole, the seeds fall into the seed discharging wheel which rotates coaxially with the ratchet wheel by the self weight and the weight of the seeds at the rear.

Preferably, the ratchet wheel is a disc, 16 small cylinders are uniformly distributed on the disc according to the circumference, and push rods for pushing the ratchet wheel to rotate are arranged on the cam.

Preferably, the outer ring of the seed sowing wheel is provided with holes, and the hole diameter is larger than the outer diameter of a single corn seed and smaller than the outer diameters of two corn seeds.

In order to simplify the structure and improve the transmission efficiency, the synchronous rotation of the first shaft, the second shaft, the third shaft and the fourth shaft is ensured, and the seeder adopts a V-belt, gear and chain transmission mode.

Preferably, a key slot is adopted for transmission between the large belt wheel and the small chain wheel.

In order to ensure that the offset from the falling point is in a proper range after the seeds are covered with soil, and simultaneously, the seed distance is more uniform because the seed position is randomly bounced in the sowing process, a twice soil covering mode is adopted, namely, a small amount of soil at the high positions on the two sides of the opened seed groove is filled into the seed groove by utilizing a first soil covering device to cover the seeds, so that the seed position is adjusted and limited; and pushing residual soil at the heights of the two sides of the seed tank into the seed tank by using the second soil covering device to finish soil covering and landfill of seeds.

In order to prevent the seed pressing wheel from clay phenomenon and affecting the normal use of the seeder, the seed pressing mechanism is provided with a mud scraping plate in front of the seed pressing wheel.

In order to ensure the stability of the whole structure of the corn planter, nuts are used for fixing and limiting the transverse movement of the corn planter, the bearings are axially fixed by adopting bearing covers, and the bearing covers are fixedly connected with the support frame through bolts and nuts; the gears are all fixed by set screws; the supporting frame, the seed feeding pipe and the seed conveying pipe are welded on the platform of the seeder.

The beneficial effects are that: compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages: 1. the method of twice earthing is adopted, so that the sowing position of seeds is better adjusted, the earthing burying effect is better, the sowing distance is more uniform, and the position offset of seeds is smaller; 2. the sowing precision is high, the grain discharge is more uniform, and the probability of replay and miss-sowing is reduced; 3. the corn planter has a simple structure and is lighter, and is suitable for small farmlands.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a left side view of the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the utility model with the chain and belt removed;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the soil covering mechanism of the present utility model;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the press mechanism of the present utility model;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the shaft position of the present utility model;

fig. 7 is a three-dimensional schematic of the present utility model.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the utility model is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in figures 1-3, the precision small corn planter comprises a frame, wherein a seed throwing mechanism is arranged at the upper end of the frame, and a ditching mechanism, a soil covering mechanism and a seed pressing mechanism are sequentially arranged at the lower end of the frame from front to back. The appearance of the frame is in a handcart shape, the top end of the frame is a platform 1, the middle of the platform is hollowed for installing a seed feeding mechanism, and baffles 2 are arranged around the seed feeding mechanism to prevent seeds from bouncing out of a seed feeding box 20 due to collision; a hand push rod is arranged at the position of the platform 1 close to the user; the motor 3 is arranged in the frame.

The seed feeding mechanism 25 consists of a seed feeding box 20, a seed feeding pipe, a flashboard 21, a cam, a swing rod, a push rod, a ratchet wheel and a seed discharging wheel, wherein the cam is an eccentric circle, the cam completes rotation through a bearing 23 and drives the ratchet wheel to synchronously rotate through a small belt wheel 28, and a bearing cover 22 is arranged on the bearing 23 and used for axially fixing, preventing looseness and even falling off in the working process and reducing abrasion. The flashboard 21 is arranged right above the cam and contacts with the cam, a round hole is arranged at the upper part of the flashboard 21, the diameter of the round hole is consistent with that of the seed feeding hole, a small wheel is arranged at the lower part of the flashboard, the flashboard 21 moves up and down in a reciprocating and straight line along with the rotation of the cam, and the displacement and the number of seeds are controlled through the cam and the flashboard 21. When the round hole is overlapped with the seed feeding pipe hole, the seeds fall into the seed discharging wheel by the self weight and the weight of the seeds at the rear. The ratchet wheel is a disc, and 16 small cylinders are uniformly distributed on the ratchet wheel according to the circumference; the ratchet wheel and the seed sowing wheel rotate around the second shaft, single seeds fall into holes formed in the outer ring of the seed sowing wheel, the seed throwing mechanism is sequentially discharged from the holes along with rotation of the seed sowing wheel, and the ratchet wheel and the push rod control the movement speed and the plant spacing of the seed sowing wheel, so that single-seed precision sowing is realized. The seed feeding mechanism 25 synchronizes the rotation of the cam with the large pulley 5 and the small sprocket 9 connected to the motor 3 via the V belt 4 via the pinion 24. The small chain wheel 9 is connected with the large chain wheel 14 through a chain 10, and the related cam, the small belt wheel 28, the ratchet wheel, the seed sowing wheel large belt wheel 5, the small chain wheel 9 and the large chain wheel 14 rotate synchronously.

The earthing mechanism 16 includes a first earthing device and a second earthing device, the first earthing device being installed in front of the second earthing device; the first earthing device and the second earthing device all include two earthing wheels that the symmetry set up, the earthing wheel is V font, opening slope setting forward. The first earthing wheel used by the first earthing device is smaller than the second earthing wheel used by the second earthing device, as shown in fig. 4.

The small chain wheel 9 synchronously drives the large chain wheel 14 and the land wheel 15 to rotate through the chain 10, the outer ring of the land wheel 15 is uniformly provided with spikes to increase the friction force with the ground, the corn planter is driven to move forwards, and the large chain wheel 14 is fixed through the hexagonal bolt 26 and the hexagonal nut 27; the land wheel 15 synchronously drives the seed pressing wheel 19 to rotate through a chain, the seed pressing wheel 19 is clung to the ground, the soil covering mechanism 16 completes twice soil covering to fix the position of seeds and performs compacting after burying, and the soil above the seeds is compacted, so that the sowing operation is completed; the front of the seed pressing wheel 19 is provided with a mud scraping plate 18 for cleaning the soil stuck on the seed pressing wheel 19 in the pressing process, so as to avoid influencing the normal seeding operation, as shown in figure 5.

The belt wheel and the chain wheel are driven by key grooves, and are fixed by hexagonal nuts and limited to move transversely; bearing retainer rings are adopted at the bearing positions for axial fixation; the gear is fixed by a set screw and is convenient for later adjustment. The bearing cover is fixedly connected with the support frame through bolts and nuts, and the support frame 6, the seed feeding pipe and the seed conveying pipe are welded on a sowing machine platform; the soil covering mechanism is connected with the ditching mechanism 17 through the pin 11.

When the device specifically works, the starting motor 3 drives the large belt pulley 5 to rotate around a first shaft through a V belt, and drives the cam to rotate around a second shaft through a gear; the seed inlet and outlet speed in the seed feeding pipe is controlled by the cam, and the ratchet wheel is synchronously driven to rotate by the dead weight of the push rod. Seeds enter the seed feeding pipe from the seed feeding box, then enter the shaped holes of the seed discharging wheel, finally enter the seed conveying pipe from the outlet at the bottom of the seed feeding box, and finally fall into the seed grooves formed by the ditching mechanism 17. The small chain wheel 9 rotating around the first shaft drives the large chain wheel 14 and the land wheel 15 to synchronously rotate through the chain 10 so as to drive the corn planter to move forwards. When the wheel 15 rotates forward, the ditching mechanism 17 starts to work, after seeds automatically fall into the opened seed grooves, the first earthing device behind the seed conveying pipe covers part of soil at the high position above the seeds so as to adjust and fix the positions of the seeds deviating from the seed throwing positions due to random bouncing in the random direction due to collision, and the second earthing device behind the first earthing device pushes residual soil into the seed grooves. The large chain wheel 13 rotating around the third shaft drives the seed pressing wheel 19 to synchronously rotate through a chain so as to press seeds, and the mud scraping plate 18 in front of the pressing wheel 19 can automatically clean soil and weeds stuck on the pressing wheel 19 in the process of the sowing operation, so that the corn sowing operation is completed, as shown in figures 6-7.

Claims (10)

1. The precision small corn planter comprises a frame with a seed feeding mechanism (25) at the upper end, and is characterized in that a ditching mechanism (17), a soil covering mechanism (16) and a seed pressing mechanism are sequentially arranged at the lower end of the frame from front to back, the soil covering mechanism (16) comprises a first soil covering device and a second soil covering device, and the first soil covering device is arranged in front of the second soil covering device; the first earthing device and the second earthing device comprise two earthing wheels which are symmetrically arranged, and the earthing wheels are arranged in a V shape with openings obliquely towards the front; the seed throwing mechanism (25), the earthing mechanism (16) and the seed pressing mechanism are all synchronously driven.

2. The precision miniature corn planter according to claim 1 wherein the seed feeding mechanism comprises an eccentric circular cam with a seed feeding tube for transporting seeds and a gate plate radially inserted into the seed feeding tube for restricting the passage of seeds, the cam rotationally driving the gate plate to reciprocate up and down.

3. The precision miniature corn planter according to claim 1 wherein the first earthing device employs a first earthing wheel that is smaller than a second earthing wheel employed by the second earthing device.

4. The precision miniature corn planter according to claim 1 wherein the corn planter is driven using V-belts, gears, keyways and chains.

5. The precision miniature corn planter according to claim 1, characterized in that the seed pressing mechanism comprises a seed pressing wheel (19) provided with a scraper (18) at the front.

6. The precision mini corn planter according to claim 1, wherein the ditching mechanism (17) is pinned in front of the earthing mechanism (16) and in line with the seed pressing mechanism.

7. The precision mini corn planter according to claim 1, characterized in that a motor (3) for driving is provided inside the frame.

8. The precision small corn planter according to claim 1, wherein the frame is provided with a platform (1) for supporting a seed throwing mechanism (25), a baffle (2) for preventing the bouncing of seeds is arranged around the platform (1), and a hand pushing rod for holding is arranged at the rear.

9. The precision mini corn planter according to claim 1, wherein a seed guide tube for guiding the falling direction of seeds is provided below the seed feeding mechanism (25).

10. The precision small corn planter according to claim 1, characterized in that the corn planter is provided with a land wheel (15) for driving the corn planter to advance, and the outer ring of the land wheel (15) is uniformly provided with spines.

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