CN218783573U - Inverter and photovoltaic system - Google Patents
Inverter and photovoltaic system Download PDFInfo
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- CN218783573U CN218783573U CN202223075142.3U CN202223075142U CN218783573U CN 218783573 U CN218783573 U CN 218783573U CN 202223075142 U CN202223075142 U CN 202223075142U CN 218783573 U CN218783573 U CN 218783573U
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- inverter
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- surge protector
- photovoltaic module
- inverter circuit
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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Abstract
The application discloses an inverter and a photovoltaic system; the inverter includes: the first diode, the switch tube and the inverter circuit; the anode of the first diode is connected with the negative input end of the inverter circuit; the cathode of the first diode is used for being connected with the cathode of the photovoltaic module; the switching tube is connected in parallel at two ends of the first diode; when the voltage of the negative electrode of the photovoltaic module exceeds a voltage threshold value, lightning current flows in, the switch tube is turned off, the first diode is connected into the loop, and the lightning current is reversely blocked from flowing from the negative electrode of the photovoltaic module to the negative input end of the inverter circuit, so that components in the inverter circuit are protected from being damaged; when no lightning current flows in, the switch tube is closed, the first diode is bypassed, and the first diode can be prevented from being conducted to generate larger power consumption. The lightning stroke protection circuit can block lightning stroke current from flowing to a rear-stage circuit in the inverter, and effectively protects the inverter.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of new energy, in particular to an inverter and a photovoltaic system.
Background
The lightning current can seriously disturb the normal operation of the inverter, and brings many negative effects, such as: insulation breakdown, component failure, equipment failure and even burnout, etc. In order to reduce the loss caused by lightning stroke, surge Protectors (SPDs) are installed between the positive pole of a direct current input end and the ground, between the negative pole of the direct current input end and the ground and between an alternating current side and the ground in the inverter on the market at present; however, in practical situations, the above scheme cannot completely prevent lightning current from flowing into a subsequent circuit such as an inverter circuit, and still causes irreversible damage to the inverter.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of this, the present application provides an inverter and a photovoltaic system, which can block a lightning strike current from flowing to a subsequent circuit in the inverter, thereby effectively protecting the inverter.
In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution provided by the present application is as follows:
the application provides an inverter, including: the first diode, the switch tube and the inverter circuit;
the anode of the first diode is connected with the negative input end of the inverter circuit; the cathode of the first diode is used for being connected with the cathode of the photovoltaic module;
the switching tube is connected in parallel at two ends of the first diode;
when the voltage of the negative electrode of the photovoltaic module exceeds a voltage threshold value, the switching tube is switched off, and otherwise, the switching tube is switched on.
Preferably, the inverter further includes: a first surge protector;
the positive pole of the photovoltaic module is grounded through the first surge protector.
Preferably, the inverter further includes: a second surge protector;
the negative pole of the photovoltaic module is grounded through the second surge protector.
Preferably, the inverter further includes: a third surge protector;
the positive electrode of the photovoltaic module is grounded through a first surge protector and a third surge protector which are connected in series;
the negative pole of the photovoltaic module is grounded through the second surge protector and the third surge protector which are connected in series.
Preferably, the inverter further includes: a fourth surge protector;
the output end of the inverter circuit is grounded through a fourth surge protector.
Preferably, the inverter further includes: a fifth surge protector;
the output end of the inverter circuit is grounded through a fourth surge protector and a fifth surge protector which are connected in series.
Preferably, the inverter further includes: a capacitor;
the capacitor is connected between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the photovoltaic module.
Preferably, the inverter further includes: a second diode;
the positive input end of the inverter circuit is connected with the cathode of the second diode, and the anode of the second diode is used for being connected with the anode of the photovoltaic module.
Preferably, the first switch is an insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT.
The present application further provides a photovoltaic system, comprising: a photovoltaic module and the inverter described above;
the photovoltaic module is connected with the input end of the inverter; the output end of the inverter is used for connecting a power grid or a load.
Therefore, the application has the following beneficial effects:
the inverter provided by the application is additionally provided with the first diode and the switch tube; the anode of the first diode is connected with the negative input end of the inverter circuit, the cathode of the first diode is used for connecting the cathode of the photovoltaic module, and the switching tube is connected in parallel with the two ends of the first diode; when the voltage of the negative electrode of the photovoltaic module exceeds a voltage threshold value, lightning current flows in, the switch tube is turned off, the first diode is connected into the loop, and the lightning current is reversely blocked from flowing from the negative electrode of the photovoltaic module to the negative input end of the inverter circuit, so that components in the inverter circuit are protected from being damaged; when no lightning current flows in, the switch tube is closed, the first diode is bypassed, and the first diode can be prevented from being conducted to generate larger power consumption.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an inverter provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another inverter provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of a photovoltaic system provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand and implement the technical solution of the present application, a specific application scenario of the present application is described below.
In a photovoltaic system, the inverter functions to convert the direct current generated by the photovoltaic module into alternating current for supply to a load or transmission to a power grid. Therefore, in order to prevent the lightning current from damaging the inverter, surge protectors SPD can be installed between the positive pole of the direct current input end of the inverter and the ground, and between the negative pole of the direct current input end of the inverter and the ground and between the alternating current side of the direct current input end of the inverter and the ground.
However, in practical situations, for example, a lightning current is inrush from the negative electrode of the photovoltaic module, the ground SPD cannot discharge all the lightning current, and a part of the lightning current still flows through the negative electrode of the photovoltaic module, i.e., the negative half bus, so that the voltage of the negative half bus generates a large oscillation, at this time, the inverter circuit in the inverter is damaged, and even the switching device therein fails due to an excessive stress.
The application provides an inverter and photovoltaic system can block the interchange side that lightning current flows to the inverter, effectively protects the inverter.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, embodiments accompanying the drawings are described in detail below.
Referring to fig. 1, the figure is a schematic diagram of an inverter provided in an embodiment of the present application.
The inverter that this application embodiment provided includes: a first diode D1, a switching tube S1 and an inverter circuit 100.
The positive input BUS + of the inverter circuit 100 is used to connect the positive PV + of the photovoltaic module. The anode of the first diode D1 is connected with the negative input end BUS-of the inverter circuit 100; the cathode of the first diode D1 is used to connect the negative PV-of the photovoltaic module. The switching tube S1 is connected in parallel to two ends of the first diode D1. The output terminal of the inverter circuit 100 is used for connecting to a power grid or a load. In this embodiment, the inverter circuit 100 outputs three-phase ac power as an example.
When the inverter is in a normal working state, the switch tube S1 is closed, the first diode D1 is in a bypassed state, and no additional power consumption is generated by the first diode D1.
When the voltage of the negative pole PV of the photovoltaic module (i.e. the negative bus voltage) exceeds a voltage threshold, the switching tube S1 is switched off. When the voltage of the negative electrode PV-of the photovoltaic component exceeds a voltage threshold value, indicating that lightning current flows in from the negative electrode PV-of the photovoltaic component, and a residual voltage is formed between the PV-and the ground; at this time, the switch tube S1 is turned off, and the first diode D1 is connected to the loop.
Due to the reverse blocking characteristic of the first diode D1, the lightning current loses a path from the dc side to the ac side, and the components in the inverter circuit 100 can be effectively protected from the lightning current.
The present application does not specifically limit the specific value of the voltage threshold, for example: the specific value of the voltage threshold may be determined according to the model of the SPD installed to ground.
The specific types of the switch tube and the first diode are not particularly limited in the application; in order to achieve a better lightning protection effect, a switching tube with a faster switching speed, such as an Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT), may be selected; and selecting the diode with good impact resistance.
According to the inverter provided by the embodiment of the application, the first diode and the switch tube are additionally arranged; the anode of the first diode is connected with the negative input end of the inverter circuit, the cathode of the first diode is used for connecting the cathode of the photovoltaic module, and the switching tube is connected in parallel with the two ends of the first diode; when the voltage of the negative electrode PV-of the photovoltaic module exceeds a voltage threshold value, lightning current flows in, the switch tube is turned off, the first diode is connected into the loop, and the lightning current is reversely blocked from flowing from the negative electrode of the photovoltaic module to the negative input end of the inverter circuit, so that components in the inverter circuit are protected from being damaged; when no lightning current flows in, the switch tube is closed, the first diode is bypassed, and the first diode can be prevented from being conducted to generate larger power consumption.
The inverter provided by the application can be applied to a TN system besides the scene of blocking lightning current; since the first diode blocks the PV-to-BUS-current, failure due to PV-to-ground short circuit can be avoided.
The present application is not limited to the specific topology of the inverter, and a possible implementation manner is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 2, the figure is a schematic diagram of another inverter provided in the embodiment of the present application.
The inverter that this application embodiment provided includes: the circuit comprises a first diode D1, a switch tube S1, an inverter circuit 100, a second diode D2, a capacitor C1 and five surge protectors. Wherein, five surge protectors are respectively: the surge protector comprises a first surge protector SPD1, a second surge protector SPD2, a third surge protector SPD3, a fourth surge protector SPD4 and a fifth surge protector SPD5.
For the specific connection relationship among the first diode D1, the switching tube S1 and the inverter circuit 100, reference may be made to the above embodiments, and details are not repeated herein.
The capacitor C1 is connected between the positive electrode PV + and the negative electrode PV-of the photovoltaic module.
A positive input port BUS + of the inverter circuit 100 is connected to a cathode of the second diode D2, and an anode of the second diode D2 is used for connecting to an anode PV + of the photovoltaic module. The second diode D2 functions as a boost.
The positive pole PV + of the photovoltaic module is grounded through the first surge protector SPD1 and the third surge protector SPD3 which are connected in series.
And a negative pole PV of the photovoltaic module is grounded through a second surge protector SPD2 and a third surge protector SPD3 which are connected in series.
The output end of the inverter circuit 100 is grounded through a fourth surge protector SPD4 and a fifth surge protector SPD5 connected in series. Since the output end of the inverter circuit 100 is three-phase, the fourth surge protector SPD4 and the fifth surge protector SPD5 may be connected between any one phase and ground, which is not particularly limited herein.
The first diode D1 blocks the lightning current from flowing to the inverter circuit 100, and the lightning current can only be discharged through the first surge protector SPD1, the second surge protector SPD2 and the third surge protector SPD 3; therefore, multiple paths of surge protectors connected in parallel are not needed to be added for carrying out multiple times of discharge, and the size of the turn-on voltage of the surge protectors is not needed to be considered.
Because the model of the surge protector is single, the series connection of the surge protector can facilitate model selection.
Specifically, since the negative electrode PV of the photovoltaic module is grounded through the second surge protector SPD2 and the third surge protector SPD3 connected in series, the voltage threshold is the divided voltage when the second surge protector SPD2 and the third surge protector SPD3 are turned on.
The number and the connection mode of surge protectors in the inverter are not particularly limited in the application, fig. 2 is only one possible implementation mode, and the positive electrode PV + of the photovoltaic module can be grounded only through the first surge protector SPD 1; the negative PV-of the photovoltaic module is grounded only through the second surge protector SPD 2; the output terminal of the inverter circuit 100 is grounded only through the fourth surge protector SPD 4.
Based on the inverter provided by the above embodiments, embodiments of the present application further provide a photovoltaic system, which is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 3, the figure is a schematic view of a photovoltaic system provided in an embodiment of the present application.
The photovoltaic system that this application embodiment provided includes: photovoltaic module 1000 and inverter 2000 described in the above embodiments.
The photovoltaic module 1000 is connected with the input end of the inverter 2000; the output of the inverter 2000 is used to connect to a grid or a load.
The specific structure and operation principle of the inverter 2000 can be referred to the above embodiments, and are not described herein again.
According to the photovoltaic system provided by the embodiment of the application, the inverter is additionally provided with the first diode and the switch tube; the anode of the first diode is connected with the negative input end of the inverter circuit, the cathode of the first diode is used for connecting the cathode of the photovoltaic module, and the switching tube is connected in parallel with the two ends of the first diode; when the voltage of the negative electrode PV-of the photovoltaic module exceeds a voltage threshold value, lightning current flows in, the switch tube is turned off, the first diode is connected into the loop, and the lightning current is reversely blocked from flowing from the negative electrode of the photovoltaic module to the negative input end of the inverter circuit, so that components in the inverter circuit are protected from being damaged; when no lightning current flows in, the switch tube is closed, the first diode is bypassed, and the first diode can be prevented from being conducted to generate larger power consumption.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. An inverter, characterized in that the inverter comprises: the first diode, the switch tube and the inverter circuit;
the anode of the first diode is connected with the negative input end of the inverter circuit; the cathode of the first diode is used for being connected with the cathode of the photovoltaic module;
the switching tube is connected in parallel with two ends of the first diode;
when the voltage of the negative electrode of the photovoltaic module exceeds a voltage threshold value, the switch tube is turned off, and otherwise, the switch tube is turned on.
2. The inverter of claim 1, further comprising: a first surge protector;
the positive pole of the photovoltaic module is grounded through the first surge protector.
3. The inverter of claim 2, further comprising: a second surge protector;
and the negative electrode of the photovoltaic assembly is grounded through the second surge protector.
4. The inverter of claim 3, further comprising: a third surge protector;
the positive electrode of the photovoltaic module is grounded through the first surge protector and the third surge protector which are connected in series;
the negative pole of the photovoltaic module is grounded through the second surge protector and the third surge protector which are connected in series.
5. The inverter of claim 1, further comprising: a fourth surge protector;
and the output end of the inverter circuit is grounded through the fourth surge protector.
6. The inverter of claim 5, further comprising: a fifth surge protector;
the output end of the inverter circuit is grounded through the fourth surge protector and the fifth surge protector which are connected in series.
7. The inverter according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising: a capacitor;
the capacitor is connected between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the photovoltaic module.
8. The inverter according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising: a second diode;
the positive input end of the inverter circuit is connected with the cathode of the second diode, and the anode of the second diode is used for being connected with the anode of the photovoltaic module.
9. An inverter according to any of claims 1-6, characterized in that the first switch is an insulated gate bipolar transistor, IGBT.
10. A photovoltaic system, comprising: a photovoltaic module and the inverter of any one of claims 1-9;
the photovoltaic module is connected with the input end of the inverter; the output end of the inverter is used for connecting a power grid or a load.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202223075142.3U CN218783573U (en) | 2022-11-17 | 2022-11-17 | Inverter and photovoltaic system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202223075142.3U CN218783573U (en) | 2022-11-17 | 2022-11-17 | Inverter and photovoltaic system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN218783573U true CN218783573U (en) | 2023-03-31 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202223075142.3U Active CN218783573U (en) | 2022-11-17 | 2022-11-17 | Inverter and photovoltaic system |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN218783573U (en) |
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- 2022-11-17 CN CN202223075142.3U patent/CN218783573U/en active Active
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