CN218780293U - Non-excavation reaming impacter - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of impactor equipment, in particular to a non-excavation reaming impactor, which comprises an end cover joint, a cylinder body, a check valve, a gas distribution seat, a gas distribution rod, an inner cylinder, a piston, a bushing, a drill rod clamping sleeve, a drill bit and a first joint; the end cover joint is installed at one end of the cylinder body, and the drill bit is installed at the other end of the cylinder body; the front end of a drill bit of the impactor is provided with a first joint, the first joint is connected with a traction mechanism, and the guide traction mechanism is used for guiding and controlling the drilling direction in a small-hole pipeline needing reaming, so that the directionality of the drilling direction of the impactor is ensured; meanwhile, the guide traction mechanism provides the axial tension of the drill bit, ensures that the crushing surface of the drill bit is tightly attached to the bottom surface of the hole during drilling, effectively crushes rocks, simultaneously ensures that the outer circle of the centralizer is tightly attached to the wall of the drilled hole, effectively reduces drilling deflection, and provides reaming drilling stability.

Description

Non-excavation reaming impacter

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an impacter technical field especially relates to a non-excavation reaming impacter.

Background

The trenchless construction technology refers to the technology of detecting, checking, laying, repairing and replacing various underground pipelines under the condition of not excavating the earth surface, is widely used for laying, repairing and updating pipelines such as pipelines, cables, communication lines and the like for supplying oil/natural gas/water under the conditions of crossing roads, railways, buildings, rivers, lakes, scenic spots and the like, and has the advantages of no influence on traffic, no pollution to the environment, safe and reliable construction, short period, low comprehensive construction cost and the like. In general, when a trenchless pipeline laying is implemented, a small-aperture guide hole channel is drilled by adopting a directional drilling technology, and then a reamer is used for reaming; the non-excavation impactor is applied to the drilling operation of the open pores of various underground pipelines, the basic structure of the impactor is that a check valve, an air distribution seat, an inner cylinder, a piston, a bushing, a drill rod clamping sleeve, a drill bit and the like are arranged in a cylinder body, the piston generates high-speed reciprocating motion to impact the drill bit through air distribution of the piston in the cylinder body, the reaming operation is finally realized through alloy teeth on the drill bit, and the generated rock slag is blown out of the bottom of a hole by high-pressure gas discharged by the impactor, so that the hole is finally formed. The existing impactor only provides axial impact thrust, and can realize reaming drilling operation, but the advancing direction of the reaming operation of the impactor is difficult to control, so that the reaming operation deviation of the impactor is easily caused.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides a non-excavation reaming impacter to current impacter easily produces the problem of reaming operation deviation among the solution background art.

The utility model provides a technical scheme as follows:

a trenchless reaming impactor comprising: the gas distribution device comprises an end cover joint, a cylinder body, a check valve, a gas distribution seat, a gas distribution rod, a piston, a drill bit and a first joint;

the end cover joint is installed at one end of the cylinder body, and the drill bit is installed at the other end of the cylinder body;

the piston is movably arranged in the cylinder body, a front cavity is formed between the front end of the piston and the cylinder body, and a rear cavity is formed between the rear end of the piston and the cylinder body;

the gas distribution seat is arranged in the cylinder body, the gas distribution rod is arranged in the gas distribution seat, one end of the gas distribution rod penetrates through the end cover joint, a gas inlet channel is arranged in the gas distribution rod at the end, and the check valve is arranged in the gas inlet channel; the other end of the gas distribution rod is inserted into the piston;

a gas distribution channel is formed among the cylinder body, the piston and the gas distribution rod, and the outlet of the gas inlet channel in the gas distribution rod is communicated with the gas distribution channel through a gas distribution seat; when the piston reciprocates in the cylinder body, the air distribution channel is alternately communicated with the front cavity and the rear cavity;

one end of the first joint is connected to the drill bit, and the other end of the first joint is used for being connected with a guiding traction mechanism.

Further, the distribution channel includes: the first air distribution channel that forms between the periphery wall of piston and the cylinder body to and the second air distribution channel that forms is joined in marriage to air distribution rod and piston hole.

Further, the cylinder block includes an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder; the inner cylinder is arranged in the rear cavity, and a transition air passage communicated with the air distribution channel is formed between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder; the drill bit is connected to the outer cylinder.

Furthermore, the air distribution seat is arranged in the inner cylinder and provided with an air distribution hole channel, one end of the air distribution hole channel is communicated with the air inlet channel of the air distribution rod, and the other end of the air distribution hole channel is communicated with the transition air passage.

Further, a lining is arranged in the outer cylinder close to one end of the drill bit, and the piston moves into the lining to enable the front cavity to be closed.

Furthermore, a drill rod clamping sleeve is arranged in one end of the outer cylinder, and the drill bit is connected with the drill rod clamping sleeve at one end of the outer cylinder through a spline; and the drill bit is provided with a slag blowing hole communicated with the front cavity.

Furthermore, the other end of the air distribution rod penetrates through the piston to be inserted into the drill bit, a transition airflow channel is arranged in the air distribution rod at the other end, the slag blowing hole of the drill bit is communicated with the transition airflow channel, and the transition airflow channel is communicated with the front cavity.

Further, the other end of first joint is connected with direction drive mechanism, direction drive mechanism includes: the device comprises a drill rod connected with the first joint and a power device connected with the drill rod and used for providing traction pulling force.

Further, the trenchless reaming impactor of the present application further comprises: and the centralizer is arranged at the joint end of the end cover and is used for stabilizing the drilling direction of the cylinder body and the drill bit.

Further, the centralizer comprises: the centering plate is sleeved on the mandrel;

an axial air passage is arranged in the mandrel, one end of the mandrel is connected with the gas distribution rod, and the axial air passage of the mandrel is communicated with the check valve;

and a channel hole along the axial direction of the mandrel is arranged between the righting plates and is used for discharging slag.

Has the advantages that:

according to the trenchless reaming impactor, the first joint is arranged at the front end of a drill bit of the impactor and connected with the traction mechanism, and the guide traction mechanism is used for controlling the drilling direction in a small-hole pipeline needing reaming, so that the directionality of the drilling direction of the impactor is ensured; meanwhile, the guide traction mechanism provides the axial tension of the drill bit, ensures that the crushing surface of the drill bit is tightly attached to the wall surface of the hole during drilling, effectively reduces the deflection of drilling and provides the stability of reaming drilling.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a non-excavation reaming impactor according to the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a non-excavation reaming impactor (including centralizers) according to the present application;

reference numerals: 1. end cover joint, 2, cylinder body, 2.1, outer cylinder, 2.2, inner cylinder, 3, check valve, 4, gas distribution seat, 5, gas distribution rod, 6, piston, 7, drill bit, 8, first joint, 9, bush, 10, drill rod clamping sleeve, 11, rear cavity, 12, front cavity, 13, first gas distribution channel, 14, second gas distribution channel, 15, centralizer, 15.1, mandrel, 15.2, centralizing plate, 16 and drill rod.

Detailed Description

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without making any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present application.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed" or "disposed" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly disposed on the other element; when an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.

It will be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like, as used herein, refer to an orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings that is solely for the purpose of facilitating the description and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be considered as limiting the present application.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present application, "plurality" or "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.

It should be understood that the structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the drawings are only used for matching the disclosure of the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the practical limit conditions of the present application, so that the modifications of the structures, the changes of the ratio relationships, or the adjustment of the sizes, are not essential to the technology, and the modifications, the changes of the ratio relationships, or the adjustment of the sizes, are all within the scope of the technical contents disclosed in the present application without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present application.

Referring to fig. 1-2, the utility model provides a non-excavation reaming impacter, include: the gas distribution device is provided with an end cover joint 1, a cylinder body 2, a check valve 3, a gas distribution seat 4, a gas distribution rod 5, a piston 6, a lining 9, a drill rod clamping sleeve 10, a drill bit 7 and a first joint 8; the end cover joint is installed at one end of the cylinder body, and the drill bit is installed at the other end of the cylinder body; the piston is movably arranged in the cylinder body, a front cavity 12 is formed between the front end of the piston 6 and the cylinder body 2, and a rear cavity 11 is formed between the rear end of the piston 6 and the cylinder body 2; the gas distribution seat 4 is arranged in the cylinder body 2, the gas distribution rod is arranged in the gas distribution seat, one end of the gas distribution rod penetrates through the end cover joint, a gas inlet channel is arranged in the gas distribution rod at the end, and the check valve 3 is arranged in the gas inlet channel; the other end of the gas distribution rod is inserted into the piston; a gas distribution channel is formed among the cylinder body 2, the piston 6 and the gas distribution rod 4, and the outlet of the gas inlet channel in the gas distribution rod is communicated with the gas distribution channel through a gas distribution seat; when the piston reciprocates in the cylinder body, the air distribution channel is alternately communicated with the front cavity and the rear cavity; the distribution passageway includes: a first air distribution channel 13 formed between the peripheral wall of the piston and the cylinder body, and a second air distribution channel 14 formed by the air distribution rod and the inner hole of the piston. One end of the first joint is connected to the drill bit, and the other end of the first joint is used for being connected with a guiding traction mechanism.

During operation, a small-diameter guide channel is drilled along the designed drilling route direction by using traditional trenchless channel equipment, hole expansion is carried out on the trenchless hole expansion impacter, a first connector is arranged at the front end of a drill bit of the impacter, the guide traction mechanism is connected through the first connector, and the guide traction mechanism is used for guiding and controlling the drilling direction in the small-diameter pipeline to be expanded, so that the directionality of the drilling direction of the impacter is ensured; meanwhile, the guide traction mechanism provides the tensile force of the drill bit in the axial direction, so that the crushing surface of the drill bit is tightly attached to the bottom surface of the hole during drilling, the rock is effectively crushed, the outer circle of the centralizer is tightly attached to the wall of the drilled hole, the deflection of drilling is effectively reduced, and the stability of reaming drilling is provided.

As a preferred embodiment, the other end of the first joint is connected with a guiding traction mechanism, and the guiding traction mechanism comprises: a drill pipe 16 connected to the first coupling 8, and a power unit connected to the drill pipe for providing a pulling force. The power device is the existing trenchless drilling rig equipment.

As a preferred embodiment, the cylinder block 2 comprises an outer cylinder 2.1 and an inner cylinder 2.2; the inner cylinder is arranged in the rear cavity, and a transition air passage communicated with the air distribution channel is formed between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder;

the air distribution seat is arranged in the inner cylinder and provided with an air distribution hole channel, one end of the air distribution hole channel is communicated with the air inlet channel of the air distribution rod, and the other end of the air distribution hole channel is communicated with the transition air passage.

And a lining is arranged in the outer cylinder close to one end of the drill bit, and the piston moves into the lining to close the front cavity. A drill rod clamping sleeve is arranged in one end of the outer cylinder, and the drill bit is connected to the drill rod clamping sleeve at one end of the outer cylinder through a spline; and the drill bit is provided with a slag blowing hole communicated with the front cavity. Preferably, the outlet end of the slag blowing hole is arranged obliquely to the crushing surface of the drill bit, so that crushed slag can be blown out conveniently.

Specifically, the other end of the air distribution rod penetrates through the piston to be inserted into the drill bit, a transition airflow channel is arranged in the air distribution rod at the other end, the slag blowing hole of the drill bit is communicated with the transition airflow channel, and the transition airflow channel is communicated with the front cavity.

As a preferred embodiment, the trenchless reaming impactor of the present application further comprises: and the centralizer 15 is arranged at the joint end of the end cover and is used for stabilizing the drilling direction of the cylinder body and the drill bit. Specifically, the centralizer 15 includes: the core shaft 15.1 and a righting plate 15.2 sleeved on the core shaft; an axial air passage is arranged in the mandrel, one end of the mandrel is connected with the air distribution rod, and the axial air passage of the mandrel is communicated with the check valve; the other end of the mandrel is used for being connected with an air pipe; and a channel hole along the axial direction of the mandrel is arranged between the righting plates and is used for discharging slag.

Referring to fig. 1, in the trenchless reaming impactor, two ends of a first joint are provided with conical threads, wherein a male thread end of the first joint is connected with a gas distribution rod, a female thread end of the first joint is connected with a drill rod, and a cylinder body and a drill bit of the impactor are drilled along a guide hole direction by pulling the first joint through the drill rod, so that the guided drilling of the impactor is realized; the trenchless drilling machine applies axial tension to the drill rod and transmits the axial tension to the drill bit of the impactor; the crushing surface of the drill bit is ensured to be tightly attached to the bottom surface of the hole during drilling, so that rocks are effectively crushed, the outer circle of the centralizer is ensured to be tightly attached to the wall of the drilled hole, the deflection of drilling is effectively reduced, and the stability of reaming drilling is provided. One end of the centralizer is connected with the air pipe, the other end of the centralizer is connected with the gas distribution rod of the impactor, compressed gas is input into the centralizer through the air pipe and then enters the gas distribution rod and the gas distribution seat to be distributed, the piston is communicated with the front cavity and the rear cavity alternately, the piston moves in the cylinder body in a reciprocating mode to impact the drill bit, and impact power for crushing the drill bit is provided.

During drilling construction, because reaming passageway diameter is greater than the impacter diameter greatly, there is great annular clearance between drilling pore and the impacter outer cylinder, the outer cylinder of traditional impacter radially does not have the location, under the uneven condition of each position atress of drill bit terminal surface when impacter self gravity and rock drilling, the impacter strikes and can produce radial beat, influences the direction of boring the hole, easily leads to causing equipment card to die unable operation and the hole site skew too big and scrap. When the first joint of the reaming impactor is connected with the guiding traction mechanism, the rear end of the cylinder body of the impactor is matched with the centralizer, and the outer diameter of the centralizer is close to the diameter of a reaming hole and is generally 2-10 mm smaller than the diameter of the reaming hole; the centralizer external diameter is close to reaming diameter, can realize impacter radial positioning, effectively alleviates the beat of impacter drilling process, ensures the accuracy of drilling direction.

The application discloses impact principle of non-excavation impacter: compressed gas passes through the trachea that links to each other with the centralizer, get into the axial air flue in the dabber of centralizer, the inlet channel of distribution pole, compressed gas pushes away the check valve and the spring of installing in the distribution pole and gets into the cylinder body of impacter, distribution hole passageway through the distribution seat, the transition air flue between inner cylinder and outer cylinder, the distribution passageway that piston and distribution pole formed gets into the preceding, the back cavity that piston and cylinder body formed, the high-speed reciprocating motion of axial direction is done to the drive piston, strike the drill bit afterbody, then through the broken rock of drill bit head alloy, realize quick rock drilling pore-forming.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention, and is not provided in any detail for enabling or limiting the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. A non-excavation reaming impactor is characterized by comprising an end cover joint, a cylinder body, a check valve, a gas distribution seat, a gas distribution rod, a piston, a drill bit and a first joint;

one end of the cylinder body is provided with the end cover joint, and the other end of the cylinder body is provided with the drill bit;

the piston is movably arranged in the cylinder body, a front cavity is formed between the front end of the piston and the cylinder body, and a rear cavity is formed between the rear end of the piston and the cylinder body;

the gas distribution seat is arranged in the cylinder body, the gas distribution rod is arranged in the gas distribution seat, one end of the gas distribution rod penetrates through the end cover joint, a gas inlet channel is arranged in the gas distribution rod at the end, and the check valve is arranged in the gas inlet channel; the other end of the gas distribution rod is inserted into the piston;

a gas distribution channel is formed among the cylinder body, the piston and the gas distribution rod, and the outlet of the gas inlet channel in the gas distribution rod is communicated with the gas distribution channel through a gas distribution seat; when the piston reciprocates in the cylinder body, the air distribution channel is alternately communicated with the front cavity and the rear cavity;

one end of the first joint is connected to the drill bit, and the other end of the first joint is used for being connected with a guiding traction mechanism.

2. The trenchless reaming impactor of claim 1 wherein said gas distribution channel comprises: the first air distribution channel that forms between the periphery wall of piston and the cylinder body, and the second air distribution channel that forms is joined in marriage to air distribution rod and piston hole.

3. The trenchless reaming impactor of claim 2 wherein said cylinder comprises an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder; the inner cylinder is arranged in the rear cavity, and a transition air passage communicated with the air distribution channel is formed between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder.

4. The trenchless reaming impactor of claim 3 wherein said gas distribution block is mounted to said inner casing and is provided with a gas distribution port channel, one end of which communicates with the gas inlet channel of said gas distribution rod and the other end of which communicates with said transition air passage.

5. The trenchless reaming impactor of claim 4 wherein a bushing is provided in the outer cylinder adjacent one end of the drill bit, the movement of the piston into the bushing closing the forward chamber.

6. An impacter for a trenchless reaming according to any one of claims 3 to 5 wherein a drill collar is provided in one end of the outer cylinder, the drill bit being splined to the drill collar at the one end of the outer cylinder; and the drill bit is provided with a slag blowing hole communicated with the front cavity.

7. The trenchless reaming impactor of claim 6 wherein the other end of the gas distribution rod extends through the piston and is inserted into the drill bit, and a transition gas flow channel is formed in the gas distribution rod at the other end, the slag blowing hole of the drill bit is communicated with the transition gas flow channel, and the transition gas flow channel is communicated with the front cavity.

8. The trenchless reaming impactor of any one of claims 1-5 and 7 wherein the other end of the first connector is connected to a guiding traction mechanism, the guiding traction mechanism comprising: the device comprises a drill rod connected with the first joint and a power device connected with the drill rod and used for providing traction pulling force.

9. The trenchless reaming impactor of claim 8, comprising: and the centralizer is arranged at the joint end of the end cover and is used for stabilizing the drilling direction of the cylinder body and the drill bit.

10. The trenchless reaming impactor of claim 9 wherein said centralizer comprises: the centering plate is sleeved on the mandrel;

an axial air passage is arranged in the mandrel, one end of the mandrel is connected with the gas distribution rod, and the axial air passage of the mandrel is communicated with the check valve;

and a channel hole along the axial direction of the mandrel is arranged between the righting plates and is used for discharging slag.

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