CN218589145U - Dental instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

A dental instrument comprises an occlusion part, a lip and cheek baffle and a tongue baffle, wherein the occlusion part is integrally plate-shaped and the shape of the occlusion part is matched with the shape of a dental arch; the labial and buccal baffles are formed by extending the labial and buccal edges of the occlusal part to the vestibular groove in the gingival margin direction; the tongue block is formed by extending the lingual edge of the occlusion part to at least the gingival line position in the gingival margin direction; the occlusion part, the lip and cheek baffles and the tongue baffle are enclosed to form an upper U-shaped cavity body and a lower U-shaped cavity body which are used for respectively accommodating the upper jaw dentition and the lower jaw dentition of a patient; after the dental appliance is worn in place, the dental appliance is elastically deformed in a horizontal direction by squeezing or stretching, the inner surface of at least one side of the U-shaped cavity is in contact with the teeth accommodated therein, and the dental appliance exerts a preset force on the teeth in the horizontal direction sufficient to adjust the width of the dental arch to a predetermined width in the process of restoring the original shape. The dental arch width can be adjusted to the correct dental arch width while the growth and development of the teeth of the children are induced, so that a sufficient space is reserved for the growth of the teeth, and the teeth of the children can be better induced to grow normally.

Description

Dental instrument

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of medical equipment, more precisely relate to the orthodontic appliances field in the oral cavity, especially relate to a dental equipment.

Background

The replacement period of children is the period from the beginning of deciduous teeth falling from 6 years old to the end of the replacement of deciduous teeth by permanent teeth around 12 years old. In this stage, the situation in the oral cavity is complicated, and the alternation period of the breast and permanent teeth is a key period for establishing a new occlusion relation of the permanent teeth, and in this period, if children have bad habits such as mouth breathing, tongue spitting, abnormal swallowing, finger sucking and the like, the problems such as paradentition, maxillofacial dysplasia and the like can be induced. In addition, clinically, doctors find that children in the dental replacement period are often accompanied by abnormal conditions of dental arches, such as narrow dental arches or too wide dental arches, and the abnormal conditions are usually mostly caused by narrow dental arches and appear as crowded dentitions.

The appliance for early correction of children in the dental replacement stage is mainly a soft silica gel appliance (such as MRC, luo Mu and the like), and mainly has the effects of correcting bad oromandibular muscle functional habits, inducing teeth to be regularly arranged in a correct swallowing mode, a nasal breathing mode and the like by training the correct position of a tongue, but if the dental arch is too narrow or too wide, the growth and development of the teeth can be influenced, the children teeth are not favorably induced to grow and develop in the correct dental arch, and even the children teeth can continue to grow in the original dental arch, and the situation is not expected.

At present, orthodontists and children dentists generally use a slow arch expansion device to expand arches to arrange crowded teeth in order in the tooth replacement period, and the device has good effect, but has long time, high cost, frequent double-visit and the like. The soft silica gel appliance is popular among children and parents due to its safety and comfort features, and although it also has a function of partially adjusting the dental arch, it has a small force for adjusting the dental arch and a very small adjustment effect. Therefore, how to combine the arch adjusting technology with the existing soft silica gel type appliance can achieve a better arch adjusting effect, thereby being beneficial to inducing the children teeth to grow and develop in the correct arch, and being a problem to be solved urgently.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides a technical problem overcome the defect that prior art exists, provide a dental appliance, ensure to adjust dental arch width to correct dental arch width when inducing children's tooth to grow and develop, be convenient for reserve sufficient space for the growth of tooth, induce children's tooth normal growth better.

In order to realize the purpose, the utility model adopts the technical scheme as follows:

a dental instrument comprises an occlusion part, a lip and cheek baffle and a tongue baffle, wherein the occlusion part is integrally plate-shaped and the shape of the occlusion part is matched with that of a dental arch; the labial shield is formed by extending the labial and buccal edges of the occlusion part to the vestibular groove in the gingival margin direction; the tongue block is formed by extending the lingual edge of the occlusion part at least to the position of the gum line in the gingival margin direction; the occlusion part, the lip and cheek baffles and the tongue baffle enclose to form an upper U-shaped cavity body and a lower U-shaped cavity body which are used for respectively accommodating the upper jaw dentition and the lower jaw dentition of a patient; after the dental appliance is worn in place, the dental appliance is elastically deformed in a horizontal direction by squeezing or stretching, the inner surface of at least one side of the U-shaped cavity is in contact with the teeth received therein, and the dental appliance exerts a preset force on the teeth in the horizontal direction sufficient to adjust the width of the dental arch to a predetermined width in the process of restoring the original shape.

Preferably, the predetermined force is in the range of 160g to 400g of force.

Preferably, an inner surface of at least one side of the U-shaped cavity body is in contact with the teeth received therein at least at a position adjacent to a maxillary gingival margin line or adjacent to a mandibular gingival margin line in the posterior dental region to apply the preset force to the teeth in a horizontal direction.

Preferably, the dental instrument further comprises a reinforcement provided on the tongue or cheek stop to increase the ability of the dental instrument to resist elastic deformation in the horizontal direction.

Preferably, the reinforcement part is a reinforcement ridge which is arranged on the surface of the tongue block or the lip and cheek block and is matched with the surface of the tongue block or the lip and cheek block in shape.

Preferably, the reinforcing ridge is a protrusion protruding from the surface of the tongue block or the lip and cheek block.

Preferably, the reinforcing ridge is elongated and has a substantially U-shaped overall shape.

Preferably, the reinforcing part is a plurality of convex parts formed by locally protruding the surface of the tongue block or the lip and cheek block.

Preferably, the convex parts are uniformly distributed on the surface of at least one side of the tongue block or the lip and cheek block.

Preferably, the reinforcing part is arranged on the surface of the tongue or the cheek stop along the proximal and distal direction or embedded in the tongue or the cheek stop along the proximal and distal direction, and the shape of the reinforcing part is matched with the shape of the tongue or the cheek stop.

Preferably, when the reinforcement portion is disposed on the tongue piece or the cheek piece surface in the proximal-distal direction, the reinforcement portion is fixed to the tongue piece or the cheek piece surface by bonding or welding.

Preferably, when the reinforcing part is provided on the surface of the tongue or the cheek block in the mesial-distal direction, the dental apparatus further includes a fixing part for fixing the reinforcing part to the surface.

Preferably, the fixing portion includes a fixing groove and a connecting portion connected to both ends of the fixing groove and fixing the reinforcing portion to the surface of the tongue block or the cheek block, and the fixing portion is formed in an "Ω" shape as a whole.

Preferably, the tongue baffle or the lip and cheek baffle is further provided with a separation part wrapping the two free ends of the reinforcement part on the surface, and the separation part separates the two free ends of the reinforcement part from the soft tissue of the oral cavity of the patient.

Preferably, when the reinforcing part is embedded in the tongue block or the cheek block, the reinforcing part is embedded in the tongue block or the cheek block by casting.

Preferably, when the reinforcing part is embedded in the tongue block or the lip and cheek block, the tongue block or the lip and cheek block is provided with an installation rail along the installation direction of the reinforcing part, and the reinforcing part is installed in the installation rail.

Preferably, the mounting rail is a channel penetrating through the tongue block or the lip and cheek block along the mesial-distal direction, and the reinforcement part is arranged in the channel in a penetrating manner.

Preferably, the mounting rail is a mounting groove formed by the tongue block or the lip and cheek block being inwardly concave, and the reinforcement is fixedly mounted in the mounting groove.

Preferably, a retainer is provided in the mounting groove, and the reinforcement is fixed in the mounting groove by the retainer.

Preferably, the retainer has a stopper portion for preventing the reinforcement portion from coming off the retainer and a receiving portion for receiving the reinforcement portion, and the reinforcement portion is received in the receiving portion after passing through the stopper portion when the retainer is mounted.

Preferably, an inner dimension of the accommodating portion is equal to or larger than an outer dimension of the reinforcing portion.

Preferably, the maximum dimension of the limiting part is smaller than the outer contour dimension of the reinforcing part.

Preferably, the reinforcing part is fixedly mounted in the mounting groove by means of bonding or welding.

Preferably, the reinforcement is a preformed elastomer.

Preferably, the elastic body is one of a nickel titanium wire, a stainless steel coil spring, and an orthodontic push spring.

Preferably, the elastic modulus of the material of the tongue block or the lip and cheek block is equal to or greater than the elastic modulus of the material of the occlusion part.

Preferably, the thickness of the tongue stopper or the lip and cheek stopper is equal to or greater than the thickness of the occlusion part.

Preferably, the material hardness of the tongue block or the lip and cheek block is greater than or equal to the material hardness of the occlusion part.

Preferably, the material hardness of the tongue block or the lip and cheek block is 50HD to 80HD in Shore hardness.

Preferably, the dental device further includes a mark portion having a mark for identifying the wearing position of the dentition, the mark portion being provided on the cheek shield surface in the anterior dental region of the dental device.

Preferably, the mark is a tooth mark which is formed on the lingual surface of the labial and buccal surfaces and has a shape conforming to the shape of the labial surface of at least one tooth in the anterior dentition area.

Preferably, the mark part is a gingival jaw mark which is arranged on the near labial side surface of the anterior labial and buccal tooth blocking area and corresponds to the midline of the dentition.

Compared with the prior art, this application is through improving the ware of correcting of replacing early corrected of tooth stage children, the technique of traditional adjustment dental arch combines together with it, be applied to children and replace the tooth stage and be accompanied with the too narrow or too wide situation of dental arch, the goal of correcting of adjustment dental arch width is realized to the power of resisting elastic deformation through increase dental appliance tongue fender or lip cheek fender, and the design of tongue fender or lip cheek fender can isolate the muscular force influence of muscular force in the adjustment dental arch in-process, such structural design, can adjust dental arch to normal dental arch width when the induced children normally grow, be favorable to reserving sufficient space growth for replacing tooth stage tooth, can better induced tooth growth.

Drawings

One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings, which correspond to the figures in which like reference numerals refer to similar elements and which are not to scale unless otherwise specified.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a dental implement according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a dental instrument according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIGS. 3a and 3b are schematic cross-sectional views of the upper jaw of a dental implement according to some embodiments of the present application taken in the gingival-jaw direction;

FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of a dental implement according to another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of a dental implement according to another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of a dental implement according to another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a schematic representation of a dental implement according to another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the upper tongue barrier of FIG. 7 in the gingival-jaw direction;

FIG. 9 is a schematic representation of a dental implement according to another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a fixing portion according to another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a spacer according to another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 12 is a schematic representation of a dental implement according to another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 13 is a schematic representation of a dental implement according to another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the upper lingual barrier of FIG. 13 in the gingival jaw direction;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a retainer according to another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 16a and 16b are schematic structural views of retainers provided in some embodiments of the present application.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the following describes each embodiment of the present application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that numerous technical details are set forth in various embodiments of the present application in order to provide a better understanding of the present application. However, the technical solution claimed in the present application can be implemented without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments. The following embodiments are divided for convenience of description, and should not be construed as limiting the specific implementations of the present application in any way.

The directional terms used in the description herein, such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc., are directions in the drawings, and do not denote any particular limitation. Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the term "coupled" is used broadly herein, and thus may include, for example, a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral part thereof, either directly or indirectly through intervening media.

The "posterior dental zone" referred to in the various examples of the present application is defined according to the classification of teeth as published by Beijing university medical Press, oral medicine introduction, 2 nd edition, pages 36-38, including premolars and molars, teeth shown as 4-8 by FDI notation, and teeth shown as 1-3 by FDI notation for the anterior dental zone. The teeth of the anterior dental zone include central incisors, lateral incisors and cuspids.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a dental implement 100 of the present application is schematically illustrated, including a bite 1, a cheek stop 2, and a tongue stop 3. The whole of the occlusion part 1 is in a plate shape, and in actual use, the occlusion part 1 can be in a flat plate shape or in a plate shape with an indentation on the surface; the shape of the occlusion part 1 is matched with the shape of a dental arch, namely, the occlusion part has the shape which is consistent or basically consistent with the shape of the dental arch of a patient, and S, M, L can be designed into three sizes according to the width of the dental arch of different children, and the occlusion part is divided into a pointed circle shape, an oval shape, a square circle shape and the like. The labial and buccal barriers 2 are formed by extending the labial and buccal edges of the occlusal part 1 to the vestibular sulcus along the gingival direction, wherein the maxillary labial and buccal barriers 21 are formed by extending the labial and buccal edges of the occlusal part 1 to the upper vestibular sulcus along the maxillary gingival direction, and the mandibular labial and buccal barriers 22 are formed by extending the labial and buccal edges of the occlusal part 1 to the lower vestibular sulcus along the mandibular gingival direction; the tongue stopper 3 is formed by extending the lingual edge of the occlusion part 1 to at least the gingival line position in the gingival margin direction, and can also be formed by extending the lingual edge of the occlusion part 1 upwards and the mandibular gingival edge direction to at least the upper and lower gingival line positions and can also be formed by extending the lingual edge of the occlusion part 1 upwards and the mandibular gingival margin direction to cover the upper and lower gingival lines; the occlusion part 1, the maxillary labial barrier 21 and the maxillary lingual barrier 31 enclose to form an upper U-shaped cavity body 11 for accommodating a maxillary dentition of a patient, and the occlusion part 1, the mandibular labial barrier 22 and the mandibular lingual barrier 32 enclose to form a lower U-shaped cavity body 12 for accommodating a mandibular dentition of the patient. For convenience, the upper U-shaped cavity 11 and the lower U-shaped cavity 12 are referred to as U-shaped cavities by the pen, and if there is no special substitution, the U-shaped cavities mentioned herein are all applicable to both the upper and lower U-shaped cavities. When the dental appliance 100 is worn, the dental appliance 100 needs to be pressed or stretched to adapt to the width of the dental arch of the patient before correction, after the dental appliance is worn in place, the elastic deformation of the pressing or stretching occurs in the horizontal direction, the elastic deformation can be gradually recovered after the dental appliance is worn, and at least in the elastic deformation process, the inner surface of at least one side of the U-shaped cavity is in contact with the teeth accommodated in the U-shaped cavity, wherein the inner surface of at least one side of the U-shaped cavity refers to the first inner surface 30 on the near-labial side of the tongue baffle 3 or the second inner surface 20 on the near-lingual side of the labial baffle 2. The dental appliance 100 applies a preset force to the teeth in a horizontal direction sufficient to adjust the width of the arch to a predetermined width during the restoration of the initial shape, wherein the predetermined width is a staged target width for each of the correction stages; if the dental device 100 is deformed by compression when worn, a horizontal arch-expanding force for expanding the width of the arch may be generated during the restoration process, and the inner surface contacting the teeth is the first inner surface 30; if the dental device 100 is stretched and deformed during wearing, a horizontal arch-reducing force is generated to reduce the width of the arch during the restoration of the deformation, and the inner surface contacting the teeth is the second inner surface 20. Preferably, the predetermined force is in the range of 160g to 400g of force.

Certainly, the inventor considers avoiding the upper and lower labial frenulum, and sets the opening structures 4 avoiding the upper and lower labial frenulum on the side where the lower jaw tongue baffle 32 butts against the lower labial orbicularis muscle and the side where the upper jaw cheek baffle 21 and the lower jaw cheek baffle 22 respectively butt against the upper and lower labial orbicularis muscle, so as to avoid the discomfort of the patient caused by the tongue baffle 3 and the cheek baffle 2 pressing the upper labial frenulum and the lower labial frenulum when the patient wears the dental apparatus 100, and improve the comfort of the patient, and since the opening structure 4 is not the invention point of the present application, the detailed description is omitted here.

Referring to fig. 3a, 3b, schematically illustrating a cross section of the upper jaw of the dental appliance 100 in the gingival-jaw direction, since the inventors have considered that the location where the predetermined force is applied may cause an undesired glossing or lipping of the teeth if close to the crown, in some embodiments the inner surface of at least one side of the U-shaped cavity is in contact with the teeth received therein at least at the posterior dental area adjacent to the maxillary gingival margin or adjacent to the mandibular gingival margin line, to apply the predetermined force to the teeth in the horizontal direction, i.e. when expansion or retraction is required, the first inner surface 30 or the second inner surface 20 of the U-shaped cavity may be in contact with the teeth received therein at least at the posterior dental area adjacent to the maxillary gingival margin or adjacent to the mandibular gingival margin line, of course, in order to ensure that the posterior dental area is forced to expand or retract, the first inner surface 30 or the second inner surface 20 of the U-shaped cavity may be in contact with the posterior dental area only to apply expansion or retraction force to the posterior dental area, and may also include the anterior dental area.

With further reference to fig. 4-9, in some embodiments, to increase the ability of the dental instrument 100 to resist elastic deformation in the horizontal direction, the dental instrument 100 may further comprise a reinforcement 5 disposed on the tongue 3 or the cheek stop 2, the reinforcement 5 having a shape matching the shape of the tongue 3 or the cheek stop 2.

With continued reference to fig. 4-8, in some embodiments, the reinforcement portion 5 may be a reinforcement ridge disposed on the surface of the tongue 3 or the labial-buccal barrier 2 and having a shape matching the shape of the surface of the tongue 3 or the labial-buccal barrier 2, wherein the surface of the tongue 3 or the labial-buccal barrier 2 presented here and below includes: the lingual surface of tongue 3 (i.e., the first inner surface 30 shown in fig. 1), the lingual surface of tongue 3, the lingual surface of cheek 2 (i.e., the second inner surface 20 shown in fig. 1), and the labial surface of cheek 2, the reinforcement portion 5 may be provided on a single surface to increase the rigidity of tongue 3 or cheek 2, and of course, the reinforcement portion 5 may be provided on a plurality of surfaces to obtain greater rigidity to tongue 3 or cheek 2, so that the tongue 3 or cheek 2 after the compression or tensile deformation of the dental device 100 has a greater force to restore elastic deformation, thereby allowing the dental device 100 to apply a force to the tooth in a horizontal direction sufficient to adjust the width of the dental arch to a predetermined width. Specifically, the reinforcing ridge is an elongated protrusion protruding from the surface of the tongue plate 3 or the cheek plate 2 in the labial direction of the tongue plate 3 or the cheek plate 2, which can be seen from fig. 8, where fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the reinforcing part 5 shown in fig. 7 in the gingival-jaw direction. In terms of manufacturing process, the reinforcing ridge can be manufactured by being integrally formed with the tongue baffle 3 or the lip and cheek baffle 2, the overall shape of the reinforcing ridge is approximately U-shaped, and obviously, the integrally formed manufacturing process is simpler, and the manufactured reinforcing ridge has smooth edges and is more comfortable to wear.

In some embodiments, the reinforcement portion 5 may also be a plurality of protrusions formed by locally protruding the surface of the tongue 3 or the cheek stop 2, which are only schematically shown in fig. 9 for saving the space of the present application, and the plurality of protrusions disposed on the tongue near-tongue side surface of the tongue stop may be disposed on the tongue near-labial-cheek side surface, the cheek near-tongue side surface of the tongue stop, or the cheek near-labial-cheek stop may be disposed in a uniform manner, and the plurality of protrusions are uniformly distributed on at least one side surface of the tongue stop 3 or the cheek stop 2, and may be fabricated in a manner of being integrally formed with the tongue stop 3 or the cheek stop 2 as reinforcing the aforementioned ridges for increasing the elastic deformation force in the horizontal direction.

Besides the integrally formed manufacturing method, in some embodiments, the reinforcement portion 5 may also be fixedly connected to the surface of the tongue 3 or the cheek stop 2 in the mesial-distal direction by means of bonding or welding. Of course, in order to fix the reinforcement part 5 more firmly and fixedly connected to the surface of the tongue 3 or the cheek stop 2, in other embodiments, the dental apparatus 100 may further include a fixing part 61 for fixing the reinforcement part 5 on the surface, and of course, after being fixed on the surface of the tongue stop or the cheek stop by bonding or welding, the fixing part 61 may be used for fixing, which is more effective. Specifically, referring to fig. 10, the fixing portion 61 includes a fixing groove 611 and a connecting portion 612, wherein the fixing groove 611 has an open groove capable of accommodating the reinforcing portion 5, the connecting portion 612 is connected to two ends of the fixing groove 611, and may be integrally formed with the fixing groove 611, or welded or adhered to the fixing groove 611, the connecting portion 612 cooperates with the fixing groove 611 to fix the reinforcing portion 5 on the surface of the tongue 3 or the cheek stop 2, and the fixing portion 61 is in an overall shape of "Ω". When in use, the reinforcing part 5 is reversely buckled on the surface of the tongue piece 3 or the cheek piece 2 by the open groove, and then is fixed on the surface of the tongue piece 3 or the cheek piece 2 by the connecting parts 612 at the two ends of the fixing groove 611, and the connecting parts 612 can be directly fixed on the surface of the tongue piece 3 or the cheek piece 2 by bonding or welding; the connecting portion 612 may also be a bolt and nut structure, and meanwhile, a threaded hole corresponding to the bolt and nut structure is formed in the surface of the tongue stopper 3 or the cheek stopper 2, and the connecting portion 612 is fixed on the surface of the tongue stopper 3 or the cheek stopper 2 through the matching of the bolt and nut structure and the threaded hole.

In addition, the inventor considers that after being mounted on the surface of the tongue block 3 or the lip and cheek block 2, both ends of the reinforcement part 5 are exposed to the oral cavity of the patient, which may cause discomfort to the patient and may even cause injury to soft tissues of the oral cavity of the patient, so in some embodiments, both free ends of the reinforcement part 5 may be provided with buffer layers made of elastic materials to wrap the both free ends, for example, the buffer layers may be edible-grade gel layers coated on both free ends of the reinforcement part; the tongue baffle 3 or the lip and cheek baffle 2 may also be provided with a separation portion 62 wrapping the two free ends of the reinforcement portion 5 on the surface thereof, the separation portion 62 separates the two free ends of the reinforcement portion 5 from the soft tissue in the oral cavity of the patient, specifically, referring to fig. 11, the unfolding structure of the reinforcement portion and the schematic structure of the separation portion are schematically shown, one end of the separation portion 62 is an opening structure 621 for accommodating the free end of the reinforcement portion 5, and the other end of the separation portion 622 is a closing structure 622 to ensure that the free end of the reinforcement portion 5 is not exposed in the oral cavity of the patient, so as to protect the soft tissue in the oral cavity of the patient from injury. The spacer 62 may be attached to the surface of the tongue 3 or the cheek 2 by bonding or welding, or may be integrally formed during the manufacture of the dental device 100.

In addition to the above-mentioned installation of the reinforcement portion 5 on the surface of the tongue 3 or the cheek stop 2, the reinforcement portion 5 may be embedded in the tongue 3 or the cheek stop 2, and in any case, the reinforcement portion 5 may be fixed on the tongue 3 or the cheek stop 2, and an installation position capable of increasing the resistance of the dental apparatus 100 to elastic deformation in the horizontal direction after installation may be used, and is not particularly limited. For example, in some embodiments, the reinforcement part 5 may be embedded in a predetermined position during the manufacture of the dental instrument 100 by casting, and then directly cast. In other embodiments, a mounting rail may be provided at the tongue 3 or the cheek 2 in the direction in which the reinforcement 5 is mounted, and the reinforcement 5 is mounted in the mounting rail. Specifically, in some embodiments, the mounting rail is a channel 71 penetrating through the tongue 3 or the cheek stop 2 in the mesial-distal direction, and referring to fig. 12, the mounting rail may also be a channel 71 penetrating through both the tongue 3 and the cheek stop 2 in the mesial-distal direction, and when the reinforcement part 5 is mounted, the reinforcement part 5 is completely penetrated from one end of the channel 71 and then is accommodated in the channel 71. In other embodiments, referring to fig. 13 and 14, fig. 13 schematically shows the structure of the mounting groove 72 on only one surface, and other surfaces are also possible and similar, fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the mounting groove 72 in the gingival jaw direction shown in fig. 13, the mounting track is a mounting groove 72 formed by the inner concave surface of the tongue stopper 3 or the labial and cheek stopper 2, the reinforcement part 5 can be fixedly mounted in the mounting groove 72, specifically, by bonding or welding, and can also be fixed by a retainer 720 disposed in the mounting groove 72, for example, the retainer 720 has a receiving part 722 capable of receiving the reinforcement part 5 and a retainer 721 preventing the reinforcement part 5 from separating from the retainer 720, wherein the maximum dimension D1 of the retainer 721 is smaller than the outer dimension D of the reinforcement part 5, the inner dimension D2 of the receiving part is greater than or equal to the outer dimension D722 of the reinforcement part 5, and the relationship between the three is satisfied: d1 is greater than D and is less than or equal to D2, when the device is installed, the reinforcing part 5 can pass through the limiting part 721 and then can recover elastic deformation after being accommodated in the accommodating part 722, and is not easy to separate from the retaining part 720 by using elastic deformation, as shown in fig. 15; of course, the structure of the retainer 720 shown in fig. 16a and 16b, which satisfies the requirement that the reinforcement part 5 can enter and be accommodated in the retainer 720 and then the retainer 720 is not easy to fall off, should be regarded as the protection structure of the present application. Obviously, it is feasible to fixedly mount the reinforcement part 5 in the mounting groove 72 directly by means of bonding or welding; it is obvious that after the reinforcement part 5 is fixedly installed in the installation groove 72 by the retainer 720, the reinforcement part is doubly fixed by bonding or welding, so that a better fixing effect can be obtained.

Similarly, in consideration of the installation manner of embedding the reinforcing portion 5 into the tongue block 3 or the lip and cheek block 2, both ends of the reinforcing portion 5 may be exposed to the oral cavity of the patient, which may cause injury to soft tissues of the oral cavity of the patient, so that a buffer layer or an isolation portion may be disposed at the free end of the reinforcing portion 5 as described in the foregoing embodiments, and the detailed description is omitted here.

In other embodiments, the reinforcement 5 is a preformed elastomer, such as one of a preformed nickel titanium wire or stainless steel wire coil spring or an orthodontic push spring.

In other embodiments, the stiffness of the tongue 3 or the cheek stop 2 may be increased by other means to increase the ability of the tongue 3 or the cheek stop 2 to resist elastic deformation, for example, in some embodiments, the modulus of elasticity of the material of the tongue 3 or the cheek stop 2 is equal to or greater than the modulus of elasticity of the material of the bite 1; in other embodiments, the thickness of the tongue 3 or the cheek stop 2 is greater than or equal to the thickness of the bite 1; as another example, in other embodiments, the material hardness of the tongue block 3 or the cheek block 2 is greater than or equal to the material hardness of the bite portion 1, and further, for example, the material hardness of the tongue block 3 or the cheek block 2 is 50HD to 80HD.

In order to facilitate the patient to wear the dental appliance more conveniently and accurately, the inventor considers that a mark part for marking the wearing position of the dentition can be further arranged on the dental appliance, for example, in some embodiments, the mark part can be arranged on the surface of the maxillary labial cheek near the tongue, and the mark part is a tooth mark which is consistent with the shape of the labial side surface of at least one tooth in the dentition anterior tooth area, such as the left or right No. 3 tooth of the upper jaw, the left and right No. 3 teeth of the upper jaw, and one or more other anterior teeth; when the mark is worn, the mark is aligned with the corresponding tooth, and certainly, the mark with the shape of the labial side surface of at least one tooth in the anterior mandibular tooth area being consistent is also feasible as the marking part, which is not described herein again. In other embodiments, the mark may be provided on the labial surface of the anterior dental region of the maxillary or mandibular labial barrier, for example, the mark may be a reference mark provided in the gingival-mandibular direction corresponding to the midline of the dentition; when the mark is worn, the mark is aligned with the midline of the tooth, and the mark is convenient to wear and easy to operate. Since the marking portion mainly functions to guide the patient to accurately and rapidly wear the dental apparatus, the marking portion may be configured and arranged in any manner that is convenient for the patient to wear the dental apparatus, except the above embodiments, and is not particularly limited herein.

It should be noted that, the above embodiments can be freely combined as required to form different new embodiments without contradiction, and the embodiments formed after the combination are the protection scope of the present invention, and are not described herein again in order to save space of application text.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, a plurality of modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Similarly, the above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (32)

1. A dental instrument, characterized by: the dental arch bite-block comprises a bite part, a lip and cheek block and a tongue block, wherein the whole bite part is plate-shaped and the shape of the bite part is matched with that of a dental arch; the labial shield is formed by extending the labial-buccal edge of the bite part to the vestibular sulcus in the gingival margin direction; the tongue block is formed by extending the lingual edge of the occlusion part to at least the gingival line position in the gingival margin direction; the occlusion part, the lip and cheek baffles and the tongue baffle enclose to form an upper U-shaped cavity body and a lower U-shaped cavity body which are used for respectively accommodating the upper jaw dentition and the lower jaw dentition of a patient; after the dental appliance is worn in place, the dental appliance is elastically deformed in a horizontal direction by squeezing or stretching, the inner surface of at least one side of the U-shaped cavity is in contact with the teeth received therein, and the dental appliance exerts a preset force on the teeth in the horizontal direction sufficient to adjust the width of the dental arch to a predetermined width in the process of restoring the original shape.

2. A dental instrument as in claim 1, wherein the preset force is in a range of 160g to 400g of force.

3. A dental instrument according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the inner surface of at least one side of the U-shaped cavity is in contact with the teeth received therein at least at a position adjacent to the maxillary or mandibular gingival margin line in the posterior dental area to apply the preset force to the teeth in the horizontal direction.

4. Dental instrument according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a reinforcement provided on the tongue or cheek stop to increase the ability of the dental instrument to resist elastic deformation in the horizontal direction.

5. The dental instrument of claim 4, wherein the reinforcement is a reinforcement ridge disposed on and shaped to match the surface of the tongue or cheek stop.

6. The dental instrument of claim 5, wherein the stiffening ridge is a protrusion provided protruding from the surface of the tongue stop or the cheek stop.

7. A dental instrument according to claim 6, wherein the reinforcing ridge is elongate and has a general U-shape.

8. The dental instrument of claim 4, wherein the reinforcement is a plurality of protrusions formed by local outward protrusion of the tongue or cheek stop surface.

9. Dental instrument according to claim 8, wherein the protrusions are evenly distributed over the surface of at least one side of the tongue or cheek stop.

10. The dental instrument of claim 4, wherein the reinforcement is disposed on or embedded within the tongue or cheek stop surface in a mesial direction, the reinforcement having a shape that matches the shape of the tongue or cheek stop.

11. A dental instrument according to claim 10, wherein the reinforcement is adhesively or weld-fixed to the tongue or cheek stop surface when the reinforcement is provided on the tongue or cheek stop surface in the mesial-distal direction.

12. A dental instrument according to claim 10, wherein the reinforcement is provided on the surface of the tongue or cheek stop in the mesial-distal direction, the dental instrument further comprising a fixation portion for fixing the reinforcement on the surface.

13. The dental apparatus as claimed in claim 12, wherein the fixing portion includes a fixing groove and a connecting portion connected to both ends of the fixing groove and fixing the reinforcing portion to the surface of the tongue block or the cheek block by being engaged with the fixing groove, and the fixing portion has an overall "Ω" shape.

14. A dental device according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the tongue or cheek shield further comprises a spacer portion on its surface surrounding the two free ends of the reinforcement portion, the spacer portion separating the two free ends of the reinforcement portion from the soft tissue of the patient's mouth.

15. The dental instrument of claim 10, wherein the reinforcement is embedded in the tongue or cheek stop by casting when the reinforcement is embedded in the tongue or cheek stop.

16. The dental instrument of claim 10, wherein the tongue or cheek stop is provided with a mounting track along the orientation in which the reinforcement is mounted when the reinforcement is embedded in the tongue or cheek stop, the reinforcement being mounted within the mounting track.

17. A dental instrument according to claim 16, wherein the mounting track is a channel extending through the tongue or cheek stop in a mesial-distal direction, the reinforcement portion being disposed through the channel.

18. A dental instrument according to claim 16, wherein the mounting track is a mounting groove formed by the tongue or cheek stop surface being concave, the reinforcement being fixedly mounted within the mounting groove.

19. A dental instrument as in claim 18, wherein a retainer is provided within the mounting slot, the reinforcement being secured within the mounting slot by the retainer.

20. A dental instrument as in claim 19, wherein the retainer has a stop portion to prevent the reinforcement portion from being removed from the retainer and a receiving portion to receive the reinforcement portion, the reinforcement portion being received in the receiving portion after passing through the stop portion when installed.

21. A dental instrument as in claim 20, wherein the inner dimension of the receiving portion is equal to or greater than the outer dimension of the reinforcing portion.

22. A dental instrument according to claim 21, wherein the largest dimension of the stop portion is smaller than the outer dimensions of the reinforcing portion.

23. A dental instrument according to claim 18, wherein the reinforcement is fixedly mounted in the mounting groove by means of gluing or welding.

24. A dental instrument according to claim 10, wherein the reinforcement is a preformed elastomer.

25. A dental instrument according to claim 24, wherein the elastomer is one of a nickel titanium wire or a stainless steel wire coil spring or an orthodontic push spring.

26. Dental instrument according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the modulus of elasticity of the material of the tongue or cheek stop is equal to or greater than the modulus of elasticity of the material of the bite.

27. Dental instrument according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the thickness of the tongue or cheek stop is greater than or equal to the thickness of the bite.

28. Dental instrument according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the material hardness of the tongue or cheek stop is greater than or equal to the material hardness of the bite.

29. A dental instrument according to claim 28, wherein the material hardness of the tongue or cheek stop is 50 to 80 shore hardness HD.

30. A dental instrument as in claim 1, further comprising a marker identifying the dentition wear location, the marker being disposed on the buccal labial barrier surface of the dental instrument anterior dental zone.

31. A dental instrument as in claim 30, wherein the indicia is a mark on the buccal and lingual surface conforming to the shape of the labial side of at least one tooth of the anterior dentition area.

32. A dental instrument as in claim 31, wherein the indicia are gingival-mandibular reference marks on the labial surface of the anterior labial area of the labial-buccal barrier corresponding to the midline of the dentition.

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