CN218415018U - Array horn antenna system based on 77GHz millimeter wave radar - Google Patents
Array horn antenna system based on 77GHz millimeter wave radar Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an array horn antenna receiving and dispatching system based on 77GHz millimeter wave radar, including at least one transmitting antenna and at least one receiving antenna; the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna respectively comprise a double-layer feed structure and a horn array structure connected with the double-layer feed structure; the double-layer feed structure comprises a bent waveguide structure and an array slot structure respectively connected with the bent waveguide structure and the horn array structure; the curved waveguide structure is connected with a 77GHz millimeter wave radar chip through a micro-strip-to-waveguide structure, the curved waveguide structure is connected to the central position of the array slot structure, the array slot structure transfers electromagnetic waves fed by the curved waveguide structure to the horn array structure, and the electromagnetic waves are radiated into a free space through the horn array structure. The utility model has the advantages of the loss is little, and the gain is high, and the beam is wide, and the side lobe is low, can realize being arranged in remote exploration target in the on-vehicle millimeter wave angle radar with the microstrip coupling structure cooperation of changeing the waveguide.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to the technical field of millimeter wave radars, and specifically relates to an array horn antenna system based on a 77GHz millimeter wave radar.
Background
With the increasing maturity of the assistant driving technology, the market demand for millimeter wave angle radars is further increased. Most of the 77GHz angle radar products in the current market are microstrip antennas or substrate integrated waveguide antennas, the horizontal plane beam width of the microstrip antennas is generally narrow, the horizontal plane beam width is difficult to cover an angular domain range of plus or minus 75 degrees, and even if the horizontal plane beam width is reluctant, the false alarm or the false alarm rate is high. The horizontal plane wave beam of the substrate integrated waveguide antenna is wider, but the mutual coupling of surface waves is larger, so that the uniformity of the antenna wave beam is poorer.
Therefore, there is a need for an antenna system that has less mutual coupling between antennas and better antenna uniformity while ensuring a wide beam.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at overcoming the shortcoming among the above-mentioned prior art, providing an array horn antenna of waveguide feed, can possess less antenna intercoupling when guaranteeing the broad beam to there is better uniformity between the antenna, in order to satisfy the array horn antenna system based on 77GHz millimeter wave radar of on-vehicle side collision early warning function.
The purpose of the utility model can be realized through the following technical scheme:
the utility model discloses an array horn antenna system based on 77GHz millimeter wave radar, which comprises at least one transmitting antenna and at least one receiving antenna;
the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna respectively comprise a double-layer feed structure and a horn array structure connected with the double-layer feed structure; the double-layer feed structure comprises a bent waveguide structure and an array slot structure respectively connected with the bent waveguide structure and the horn array structure;
the curved waveguide structure is connected with a 77GHz millimeter wave radar chip through a micro-strip-to-waveguide structure, the curved waveguide structure is connected to the central position of the array slot structure, the array slot structure transfers electromagnetic waves fed by the curved waveguide structure to the horn array structure, and the electromagnetic waves are radiated to a free space through the horn array structure.
In a preferred array horn antenna system, the array horn antenna system comprises a transmitting antenna and three receiving antennas, wherein the transmitting antenna and the receiving antennas both adopt a waveguide-coupled horn array antenna structure.
In a preferred array horn antenna system, the curved waveguide structure, the array slot structure and the horn array structure are fixedly connected through a conductive adhesive.
In a preferred array horn antenna system, a power divider with a rectangular slot is arranged at the connecting position of the bent waveguide structure and the array slot structure, and the bent waveguide structure is matched with the microstrip waveguide-to-waveguide structure through the rectangular slot.
In a preferred array horn antenna system, the horn array structure comprises an even number of transversely arranged horn array elements which are symmetrically distributed by taking the power divider as a center;
the array gap structure is provided with array gaps corresponding to the horn array elements in position and quantity, and the bent waveguide structure is provided with bottom layer feed potentials corresponding to the array gaps in position and quantity.
In a preferred array horn antenna system, the three receiving antennas are a first receiving antenna, a second receiving antenna and a third receiving antenna which are transversely arranged and vertically arranged from top to bottom;
the left end and the right end of the three receiving antennas are aligned, the distance between the first receiving antenna and the second receiving antenna is 1.5 wavelengths, and the distance between the second receiving antenna and the third receiving antenna is 2 wavelengths.
In a preferred array horn antenna system, the transmitting antenna is arranged below the third receiving antenna, and the distance between the transmitting antenna and the third receiving antenna is 9mm; the length of the transmitting antenna is the same as that of the receiving antenna, and the transverse distance between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna at the same side is 2 wavelengths.
In a preferred array horn antenna system, the curved waveguide structure, the array slot structure and the horn array structure are all made of aluminum or copper material, and air is filled in the curved waveguide structure, the array slot structure and the horn array structure.
In an optimal array horn antenna system, the double-layer feed structure consists of a bent waveguide structure at the bottom layer and an array slot structure which is arranged at the middle layer and is used for waveguide transmission and provided with symmetrical array slots, the number M of the array slots is an even number, and in order to ensure that each horn antenna is in an equiphase state, the slots of the array slot structure and the bottom layer feed position of the bent waveguide structure are symmetrically distributed.
In a preferred array horn antenna system, the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna are both linear arrays with horn antennas arranged transversely, and the number of the array elements is even.
In a preferred array horn antenna system, each horn array element composed of a horn array structure, an array slot structure and a bent waveguide structure shares one horn mouth, and waveguide transmission parts of the horn antenna are independent respectively.
The array horn antenna system based on the 77GHz millimeter wave radar in the technical scheme of the utility model comprises at least one transmitting antenna and at least one receiving antenna; the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna respectively comprise a double-layer feed structure and a horn array structure connected with the double-layer feed structure; the double-layer feed structure comprises a bent waveguide structure and an array gap structure respectively connected with the bent waveguide structure and the horn array structure; the curved waveguide structure is connected with a 77GHz millimeter wave radar chip through a micro-strip-to-waveguide structure, the curved waveguide structure is connected to the central position of the array slot structure, the array slot structure transfers electromagnetic waves fed by the curved waveguide structure to the horn array structure, and the electromagnetic waves are radiated to a free space through the horn array structure. The utility model has the advantages that: the array antenna has high gain, wide wave beam, low side lobe, small mutual coupling between the antennas and better consistency between directional diagrams of the antennas.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of a bottom feed structure of a 77GHz millimeter wave radar-based radar of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a top view of a second layer feed structure of the 77GHz millimeter wave radar-based radar of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a horn array structure based on a 77GHz millimeter wave radar according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an overall front view of a 77GHz millimeter wave based radar of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a first direction diagram of a 77GHz millimeter wave based radar to which the present invention is applied;
FIG. 6 is a second directional diagram of a 77GHz millimeter wave based radar to which the present invention is applied;
description of the symbols: a transmitting antenna 100; a receiving antenna 200; a dual-layer feed structure 300; a curved waveguide structure 310; an array slot structure 320; an array slit 321; a rectangular slot 322; a horn array structure 400; a rectangular waveguide port 410; a bell mouth 420.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present disclosure without any creative effort also belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present invention includes an array horn antenna system based on 77GHz millimeter wave radar, which includes at least one transmitting antenna 100 and at least one receiving antenna 200;
the transmitting antenna 100 and the receiving antenna 200 respectively include a double-layer feed structure 300 and a horn array structure 400 connected to the double-layer feed structure 300; the double-layer feed structure 300 comprises a bottom-layer feed structure bent waveguide structure 310, and a second-layer feed structure array slot structure 320 connected with the bent waveguide structure 310 and the horn array structure 400 respectively;
the curved waveguide structure 310 is connected with a 77GHz millimeter wave radar chip through a microstrip-to-waveguide structure, the curved waveguide structure 310 is connected to the central position of the array slot structure 320, the array slot structure 320 transfers the electromagnetic waves fed by the curved waveguide structure 310 to the horn array structure 400, and the electromagnetic waves are radiated into a free space through the horn array structure 400.
The utility model discloses an antenna receiving and dispatching system comprises 3 layer structure, contains two-layer feed layer and one deck radiation layer, and each layer is linked to each other by the conducting resin. The feed layer is a bottom layer of a bent waveguide structure 310 and a second layer of an array slot structure 320, and the radiation layer is a horn array structure 400. And transmitting the electromagnetic waves to the bottom of each horn antenna of the radiation layer through the feed layer for feeding.
In the preferred embodiment, the transmit antenna 100 and receive antenna 200 structures each comprise a curved waveguide structure 310, with the curved waveguide structure feeding the electromagnetic waves to the bottom of the feedhorn.
In a preferred embodiment, the curved waveguide structure 310, the array slot structure 320 and the horn array structure 400 are fixedly connected by a conductive adhesive. In other preferred embodiments, the three layers are connected by screw holes supplemented with conductive glue.
In a preferred embodiment, the feedhorn transceiving system of the present invention includes a transmitting antenna 100 and three receiving antennas 200, and the transmitting antenna 100 and the receiving antennas 200 both adopt a waveguide-coupled feedhorn array antenna structure.
In a preferred embodiment, the horn array structure 400 includes an even number of transversely arranged horn array elements, and the horn array elements are symmetrically distributed with the center line of the horn array structure 400 as an axis;
the transmitting antenna 100 and the receiving antenna 200 are both linear arrays with horn antennas arranged transversely, and the number of the array elements is even. Preferably, each of the transmitting antenna 100 and the receiving antenna 200 includes 8 horn array elements arranged transversely, and a horn array structure 400 is formed by a 1 × 8 linear array structure.
The horn array structure 400 is composed of 8 rectangular waveguide ports 410 and a horn port 420, and the horn port 420 is disposed on an end surface of the rectangular waveguide port 410 facing the direction of the detection position. The rectangular waveguide ports 410 are of equal size, and in order to make the array elements equally phased, the spacing between the rectangular waveguide ports 410 is preferably slightly different.
In the view of fig. 3, the rectangular waveguide port 410 has a height of 1.5mm and a length of 2.6mm; the bell mouth 420 is 3mm in height and 24.8mm in length. As shown in fig. 4, the height of the rectangular waveguide port 410 is 0.5mm, and the height of the bell mouth 420 is 0.5mm. As is clear from fig. 3 and 4, the rectangular waveguide port 410 is a rectangular opening having a length, width, and height of 2.6mm,0.5mm, and 1.5mm, respectively. The horn mouth 420 is connected with the rectangular waveguide port 410 in a combined mode, the two sides of the direction towards the detection position are extended to form rectangular openings, the cross sections of the openings are of a trapezoidal horn-shaped structure, the height lengths of the rectangular openings are respectively 3mm and 24.8mm, and the height of each trapezoidal cross section is 0.5mm.
With continued reference to fig. 4, the array slots 321 of the horn array structure 400 are aligned with the rectangular waveguide ports 410. The height of the horn array structure 400 is 1mm; the height of the curved waveguide structure 310 is 0.6mm.
The three receiving antennas 200 are a first receiving antenna 200, a second receiving antenna 200 and a third receiving antenna 200 which are horizontally arranged and vertically arranged from top to bottom;
the left and right ends of the three receiving antennas 200 are aligned, the distance between the first receiving antenna 200 and the second receiving antenna 200 is 1.5 wavelengths, and the distance between the second receiving antenna 200 and the third receiving antenna 200 is 2 wavelengths.
In a preferred array horn antenna system, the transmitting antenna 100 is disposed below the third receiving antenna 200, and the distance between the transmitting antenna 100 and the third receiving antenna 200 is 9mm; the length of the transmitting antenna 100 is the same as that of the receiving antenna 200, and the lateral distance between the ends of the transmitting antenna 100 and the receiving antenna 200 is 2 wavelengths.
77 GHz's wavelength is about 3.9mm, the utility model discloses a 77GHz millimeter wave radar uses the wavelength to be 3.92mm as the example, first receiving antenna 200 be 5.88mm with second receiving antenna 200's interval, second receiving antenna 200 be 7.84mm with third receiving antenna 200's interval. The distance between the transmitting antenna 100 and the third receiving antenna 200 is 9mm, and the lateral distance between the same side ends of the transmitting antenna 100 and the receiving antenna 200 is 7.84mm.
In a preferred embodiment, a power divider with a rectangular slot 322 is disposed at a connection position of the curved waveguide structure 310 and the array slot structure 320, and the curved waveguide structure 310 is matched with the microstrip-to-waveguide structure through the rectangular slot 322. The curved waveguide structure 310 and the array slot structure 320 share the power divider, the rectangular slot 322 constitutes a one-to-two power divider, and the curved waveguide structure 310 and the array slot structure 320 are respectively and symmetrically distributed with the power divider as an axis. Preferably, the rectangular slot 322 has a height of 0.3mm and a length of 2.1mm.
The bottom of the curved waveguide structure 310 is further provided with a second rectangular slot for matching with the microstrip-to-waveguide structure. The impedance matching of the structure can be adjusted by varying the distance between the second rectangular slit and the waveguide wall. The utility model discloses preferred second rectangle gap is 1mm to the distance between the waveguide wall, and this second rectangle gap highly is 2.6mm.
Preferably, the double-layer feed structure 300 is composed of a bottom layer bent waveguide structure 310 and an intermediate layer array slot structure 320 for waveguide transmission, the intermediate layer array slot structure 320 being provided with symmetrical array slots 321, the number of the array slots 321 is even, and in order to ensure equal phase of each horn antenna, the slots of the array slot structure 320 and the bottom layer feed positions of the bent waveguide structure 310 are symmetrically distributed.
The array gap structure 320 is provided with array gaps 321 corresponding to the horn array elements in position and quantity, and the curved waveguide structure 310 is provided with bottom layer feed potentials corresponding to the array gaps 321 in position and quantity.
In a preferred embodiment, the number of the array slots 321 is 8, the array slots are distributed in an axisymmetric manner with the rectangular slots 322 as an axis, and the bottom layer feed potentials of the curved waveguide structure 310 are also 8 and the positions of the bottom layer feed potentials correspond to the array slots 321.
In a preferred embodiment, the array slits 321 extending toward one side of the rectangular slit 322 are referred to as a first array slit 321, a second array slit 321, a third array slit 321, and a fourth array slit 321, respectively. Since the array slits 321 are axisymmetric with respect to the rectangular slit 322, that is, on the other side of the rectangular slit 322, there are also a first array slit 321, a second array slit 321, a third array slit 321, and a fourth array slit 321 that are symmetric.
The axial transverse distance between the first array slits 321 and the rectangular slits 322 is 1.5mm, the transverse distance between the rectangular slits 322 and the first array slits 321 is 2.9mm, the transverse distance between the first array slits 321 and the second array slits 321 is 2.9mm, the transverse distance between the second array slits 321 and the third array slits 321 is 3.1mm, and the transverse distance between the third array slits 321 and the fourth array slits 321 is 1.5mm.
The vertical distance between the first array aperture 321 and the transverse centre line of the array aperture structure 320 is-0.35 mm; the vertical distance between the second array slot 321 and the transverse center line of the array slot structure 320 is 0.4mm; the vertical distance between the third array slot 321 and the transverse center line of the array slot structure 320 is-0.3 mm; the vertical distance between the fourth array slot 321 and the transverse center line of the array slot structure 320 is 0.3mm. The distance with negative signs indicates that the array slit 321 is disposed below the transverse centerline, and the positive signs indicates that the array slit 321 is disposed above the transverse centerline.
Preferably, the array slot 321 has a height of 0.3mm and a length of 2.1mm.
In the preferred embodiment, the array slot structure 320 of each transmit antenna 100 and receive antenna 200 has the same dimensional parameters. When the size parameters of the curved waveguide structure 310 are slightly different, specifically, the curved waveguide structure 310 used in the curved waveguide structure 310 of the transmitting antenna 100 and the receiving antenna 200 are different.
With reference to the view angle of fig. 1, the curved waveguide structure 310 used in the receiving antenna 200 is bent toward the rear under the view angle, and the distance between the installation end edge line of the curved waveguide structure 310 and the array slot structure 320 and the vertical center line of the rectangular slot 322 is 1.5mm; the overall length of the curved waveguide structure 310 is 15mm; the overall height of the curved waveguide structure 310 is 1.56mm.
With reference to fig. 1, the curved waveguide structure 310 used in the transmitting antenna 100 is bent upward from the rectangular slot 322, and a distance between an installation end edge of the curved waveguide structure 310 and the array slot structure 320 and a vertical center line of the rectangular slot 322 is 1.5mm; the overall length of the curved waveguide structure 310 is 6mm; the overall height of the curved waveguide structure 310 is 7.185mm.
In the horn array structure 400 of the 1 × 8 linear array structure, the positions of each horn array element, the array gap 321, and the position of the bottom layer feed potential are the same in the overlapping direction of the horn array structure 400, the array gap structure 320, and the curved waveguide structure 310. That is, the horn array elements formed by the horn array structure 400, the array slot structure 320 and the curved waveguide structure 310 share one horn mouth 420, and the waveguide transmission parts of the horn antennas are independent.
In the preferred embodiment, the waveguide structure 310, the array slot structure 320 and the horn array structure 400 are made of aluminum or copper, and are filled with air.
The utility model has the advantages that: the array antenna has high gain, wide wave beam, low side lobe, small mutual coupling between the antennas and better consistency between directional diagrams of the antennas.
In the preferred embodiment, all structural units adopt aluminum three-dimensional geometrical structures, high-frequency materials on a common millimeter wave radar antenna are omitted, early-stage antenna verification can be performed by adopting a machining or 3D printing mode, and development cost is reduced.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the directional pattern performance of the radar system is as follows:
the gain of a pitching surface of the first receiving antenna is more than 15.6dB, the level of a side lobe is < -17dB, and the beam width of 3dB is 8.95 degrees; the horizontal gain >16.2dB,3dB beamwidth is 72 degrees.
The gain of a pitching surface of the second receiving antenna is greater than 14.78dB, the sidelobe level is < -16.9dB, and the beam width of the second receiving antenna is 8.9 degrees; the horizontal gain >16.3db,3db beamwidth is 67 degrees.
The pitch surface gain of the third receiving antenna is more than 14.8dB, the sidelobe level < -17dB and the 3dB beam width is 8.9 degrees; the horizontal gain >15.81dB,3dB beamwidth is 105 degrees.
The elevation gain of the transmitting antenna is more than 15dB, the sidelobe level < -16dB, and the 3dB beam width is 9 degrees; the horizontal plane gain >15.44dB, and the 3dB beamwidth is 131 degrees.
The utility model discloses a millimeter wave radar horn array antenna receiving and dispatching system's directional diagram gain is high, and horizontal beam is wide, and the uniformity is good, can realize being arranged in on-vehicle millimeter wave angle radar remote detection target with the microstrip coupling structure cooperation of changeing the waveguide.
As used in this application and in the claims, the terms "a," "an," "the," and/or "the" are not intended to be inclusive in the singular, but rather are intended to include the plural, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. The terms "first" and "second" are not limiting words, and are used for explanation only, so that the technical solutions of the present invention can be easily understood, and the contents referred to by the "first" and "second" may be replaced with each other. In general, the terms "comprises" and "comprising" are intended to cover only the explicitly identified steps or elements as not constituting an exclusive list and that the method or apparatus may comprise further steps or elements.
The components, relative arrangements, functions, and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise. Also, it is apparent that the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to scale in practice for ease of description. Techniques, methods and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art have not been described in detail for the time being, but are to be considered as part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as exemplary only and not as limiting. Thus, other examples of step-wise embodiments may have a different order of precedence.
The foregoing is illustrative of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting thereof. Although a number of exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that many modifications may be made to the exemplary embodiments without departing from the technical features of the present invention. Accordingly, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of this invention as defined in the claims. It is to be understood that the foregoing is illustrative of the present invention and is not to be construed as limited to the specific embodiments disclosed, and that modifications to the disclosed embodiments, as well as other embodiments, are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims. The invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. An array horn antenna system based on 77GHz millimeter wave radar is characterized by comprising at least one transmitting antenna and at least one receiving antenna;
the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna respectively comprise a double-layer feed structure and a horn array structure connected with the double-layer feed structure; the double-layer feed structure comprises a bent waveguide structure and an array slot structure respectively connected with the bent waveguide structure and the horn array structure;
the curved waveguide structure is connected with a 77GHz millimeter wave radar chip through a micro-strip-to-waveguide structure, the curved waveguide structure is connected to the central position of the array slot structure, the array slot structure transfers electromagnetic waves fed by the curved waveguide structure to the horn array structure, and the electromagnetic waves are radiated to a free space through the horn array structure.
2. The array horn antenna system of claim 1, which comprises a transmitting antenna and three receiving antennas, wherein the transmitting antenna and the receiving antennas are waveguide-coupled horn array antenna structures.
3. The arrayed horn antenna system of claim 1, wherein the curved waveguide structure, the arrayed slot structure, and the horn array structure are fixedly connected by a conductive adhesive.
4. The arrayed horn antenna system of claim 1, wherein a power divider having a rectangular slot is disposed at a connection position of the curved waveguide structure and the arrayed slot structure, and the curved waveguide structure is matched with the microstrip transition waveguide structure through the rectangular slot.
5. The arrayed horn antenna system of claim 4, wherein the horn array structure comprises an even number of transversely arranged horn array elements symmetrically distributed about the power divider;
the array gap structure is provided with array gaps corresponding to the horn array elements in position and quantity, and the bent waveguide structure is provided with bottom feedback potentials corresponding to the array gaps in position and quantity.
6. The array horn antenna system of claim 2, wherein the three receiving antennas are a first receiving antenna, a second receiving antenna and a third receiving antenna which are horizontally arranged and vertically arranged from top to bottom;
the left end and the right end of the three receiving antennas are aligned, the distance between the first receiving antenna and the second receiving antenna is 1.5 wavelengths, and the distance between the second receiving antenna and the third receiving antenna is 2 wavelengths.
7. The array horn antenna system of claim 6, wherein the transmitting antenna is disposed below the third receiving antenna and spaced 9mm from the third receiving antenna; the length of the transmitting antenna is the same as that of the receiving antenna, and the transverse distance between the same side end of the transmitting antenna and the same side end of the receiving antenna is 2 wavelengths.
8. The arrayed horn antenna system of claim 1, wherein the curved waveguide structure, the array slot structure, and the horn array structure are made of aluminum or copper, and are filled with air.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202223060180.1U CN218415018U (en) | 2022-11-18 | 2022-11-18 | Array horn antenna system based on 77GHz millimeter wave radar |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202223060180.1U CN218415018U (en) | 2022-11-18 | 2022-11-18 | Array horn antenna system based on 77GHz millimeter wave radar |
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| CN218415018U true CN218415018U (en) | 2023-01-31 |
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| CN202223060180.1U Active CN218415018U (en) | 2022-11-18 | 2022-11-18 | Array horn antenna system based on 77GHz millimeter wave radar |
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