CN218333872U

CN218333872U - Aluminum air battery with negative plate in and out in plasma air inlet winding mode

Info

Publication number: CN218333872U
Application number: CN202221558302.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李勇
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2022-06-21
Filing date: 2022-06-21
Publication date: 2023-01-17
Anticipated expiration: 2032-06-21
Also published as: WO2023245778A1

Abstract

The utility model provides an at first, the aluminium air battery of negative plate is advanced to air coiling formula to plasma to solve traditional aluminium air battery and exist, positive pole metal aluminium is the problem that influences follow-up reaction by the passivation easily, has still solved traditional aluminium air because the problem that battery current density that air electrode caused is low, including the container made by insulating material that is used for holding electrolyte, the container includes the casing, set up at least a set of positive pole of being made by the metal in the container, still include the negative pole that evenly diffuses the oxygen in the air to the reaction interface that has the catalyst, a serial communication port, the negative pole includes the air supply route, set for position department in the air supply route is equipped with plasma generator, forms the structure of air by plasma generator part or whole ionization of flowing through.

Description

Aluminum air battery with negative plate in and out in plasma air inlet winding mode

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an aluminium-air battery especially relates to an aluminium-air battery of negative plate is advanced air winding formula to plasma.

Background

If a power battery which is safer, more reliable, more economical and more durable than a lithium battery and has the cost performance equivalent to that of fuel oil (such as gasoline) can be developed, the electric automobile overcomes the 'anxiety mileage' and is popular among people and is rapidly popularized. Therefore, the metal air battery has the advantages that the specific energy is several times higher than that of the lithium ion battery, and the cost performance is equivalent to that of a fuel vehicle.

In the metal-air battery, the theoretical specific energy of the aluminum-air battery is 8100wh/kg, and the actual energy density of the aluminum-air battery in a laboratory at present can reach 2500wh/kg and exceed the energy density of gasoline 1700wh/kg. In addition, the aluminum material is abundant and cheap on the earth, so that the power battery which is safe, reliable, economical, durable and equivalent to a fuel automobile in cost performance is the aluminum-air battery.

However, aluminum air cells also have a bottleneck and "soft ribs" where the aluminum surface of the negative plate is quickly oxidized to form a dense layer of AL (OH) ₃ The passivation film seriously hinders the continuous progress of the cathode oxidation reaction, thereby greatly reducing the electrochemical activity of cathode aluminum, directly leading the working voltage of the aluminum-air battery to be rapid, and rapidly reducing the energy density of the battery.

The Chinese utility model patent: an aluminum-air battery with winding type in-out negative plates, which is disclosed in patent application number 201821867502.4, publication date 2019, 05 and 10, discloses an aluminum-air battery with winding type negative plates, and the negative plates participating in reaction are renewed and recycled by winding of the negative plates. However, the above-mentioned proposals do not disclose a positive electrode structure of an air battery in which the electrochemical reaction of the air battery occurs at a solid, liquid, and gas three-phase interface formed by an air electrode and an electrolyte, so that the electrochemical reaction speed is controlled by the diffusion rate of oxygen from the air and the reactivity at the interface, and thus the above-mentioned situation must be considered and improved if the discharge current density of the air battery is to be increased.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

To the above situation, for overcoming prior art's defect, the utility model discloses at first provide an aluminium air battery that negative plate was advanced to plasma coiling formula to solve that traditional aluminium air battery exists, the problem that follow-up reaction is influenced in the passivation of positive pole metal aluminium easily, has still solved traditional aluminium air because the battery current density that air electrode caused is low.

The technical scheme includes that the electrolytic cell comprises a container made of insulating materials and used for containing electrolyte, the container comprises a shell, at least one group of anodes made of metal is arranged in the container, the electrolytic cell further comprises a cathode which can uniformly diffuse oxygen in air to a reaction interface with a catalyst, and the electrolytic cell is characterized in that the cathode comprises an air supply passage, a plasma generator is arranged at a set position in the air supply passage, and a structure that the air flowing through the air is partially or completely ionized by the plasma generator is formed.

In the above or some embodiments, the device comprises a plate-shaped nickel-plated copper net with three-dimensional connected voids, and further comprises a carbon fiber diffusion layer with voids, which is formed by carbon fiber yarns and is attached to and covers the nickel-plated copper net, wherein graphene is doped in the carbon fiber diffusion layer to form a channel for electron circulation.

In the foregoing or some embodiments, the nickel-plated copper wire mesh generally includes layered units formed by a plurality of linear arrays of bent nickel-plated copper wires, and the layered units are fixedly arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction to form a gill-like structure; the carbon fiber diffusion layer is fixedly attached to the inner wall of the shell.

In the above or some embodiments, the anode is made of metal aluminum, the anode further includes a plastic conductive base film for carrying the metal aluminum, the plastic conductive base film is made of a flexible conductive material, and further includes a turning roll shaft made of an insulating non-metal material and disposed at the bottom of the casing and rotatably connected with the casing, and further includes a passivated front negative roll and a passivated rear negative roll disposed above the outside of the casing, the metal aluminum is wound on the passivated front negative roll and the passivated rear negative roll through the plastic conductive base film, and the turning of the anode is realized through the turning roll shaft; and the passivated negative coil is in transmission connection with an active winding mechanism to form a structure which drives the negative coil to rotate and update the anode in the shell through the active winding mechanism.

In the above or some embodiments, the anode is located at and fixedly connected to the two side walls of the housing, and the cathode is located at the middle position of the housing.

In the above or some embodiments, the upper cover covers the housing, and the upper cover is provided with an inlet channel and an outlet channel corresponding to the passivated front negative electrode roll and the passivated rear negative electrode roll, so as to form a structure allowing the anode to enter and exit.

In the above or some embodiments, the plastic conductive base film is made of conductive plastic, transmission holes arranged in an array are arranged at two side positions of the plastic conductive base film, and transmission wheels engaged with the transmission holes are arranged at two end positions of the steering roll shaft.

In the foregoing or some embodiments, the active winding mechanism includes a worm gear mechanism engaged with each other, wherein the worm gear is fixedly connected to the passivated negative winding shaft, the worm is driven by the rotating shaft, and the worm is driven by the stepping motor.

In the foregoing or some embodiments, the casing includes a plurality of casings arranged in an array adjacent to each other, and the passivated negative winding shafts corresponding to the casings are driven by the same rotating shaft to synchronously drive the passivated negative winding shafts; the air supply passage of each shell respectively comprises an air supply box corresponding to the cathode, and the air supply box is movably, detachably and fixedly arranged above the cathode and is in ventilation connection with the carbon fiber diffusion layer; each air supply box is communicated with the same air supply main pipe through a middle pipeline, and the plasma generator is installed at an air inlet of the air supply main pipe.

In the above or some embodiments, the plasma generator comprises a funnel connected to the air supply line, and further comprises a high-pressure plasma emission head located in the funnel to ionize the air flowing through.

In the foregoing or some embodiments, the battery further includes an electrolyte replenishing system, where the electrolyte replenishing system includes an electrolyte storage bin located at the periphery of the battery case, an electrolyte replenishing pipeline communicated with the electrolyte storage space in the case, and an electric supply metering pump located before the electrolyte replenishing pipeline and the electrolyte storage bin; the electrolyte replenishing device is characterized by further comprising liquid level sensors located on the inner wall of each shell, the liquid level sensors are electrically connected with a control chip, and an output pin of the control chip is electrically connected with the electric metering pump through a motor driving circuit to realize a control path for electrolyte replenishment.

In the above or some embodiments, the control chip is a single chip, and the metering pump is connected in parallel with the gravity reflux valve.

Compared with the traditional aluminum-air battery, the utility model avoids the updating mode of the traditional anode plate, can realize the uninterrupted power supply structure through the winding structure, has simple and reasonable realization structure, easy production and operation, and skillfully controls the aluminum film to enter and exit the electrolytic bath through two aluminum film winding drums and a steering drum, thereby realizing the continuous conveying of the aluminum film; on the other hand, the scheme provides a cathode plate structure with higher current density, and oxygen is better contacted and diffused through a three-dimensional communication structure of the cathode plate and a carbon fiber diffusion layer; moreover, the scheme provides a method for replacing the anodes by adopting the stepping motor to simultaneously drive a plurality of arrays, the structure is simple and reasonable, and the number of the battery modules can be arbitrarily increased; moreover, electrolyte replenishment system in this scheme, accessible level sensor and control chip realize the automatic replenishment to battery electrolyte, and above-mentioned electrolyte replenishment system and step motor's control system all can merge into the ECU control system of car, and is better with the compatibility of current car, and the innovation on the aluminium air battery that has realized.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure principle of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the single cell of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the cell of this patent.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the liquid supply of the battery in this patent.

Fig. 6 is a partial structure view of the battery of fig. 1.

Fig. 7 is a partial structural view of another battery in fig. 1.

FIG. 8 is a structural diagram of the transmission update of the aluminum thin film in FIG. 1.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the air supply passage of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is an enlarged view of a portion a of fig. 6.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a single cell in the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a perspective view of a single cell according to the present invention.

Fig. 13 is a structural diagram of the metal aluminum film and the plastic conductive base film of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that the directional terms "upper," "lower," "outer," "inner," etc., are used in a descriptive sense with respect to the figures and are not intended to limit the scope of the claims.

The aluminum-air battery disclosed in the scheme belongs to one type of metal-air battery, and certainly, the scheme does not limit that only metal aluminum is adopted as the anode 200, so that other metals are adopted as the anode 200, and the structure also falls into the protection range of the scheme.

The single battery unit comprises a shell 100 made of an insulating material, the material includes but is not limited to engineering plastics, wherein the shell 100 forms a structure for containing electrolyte, installing an anode 200 and a cathode 300, in the scheme, the electrolyte adopts a 3.5% sodium chloride solution, the electrolyte concentration is controlled by a sodium ion concentration sensor arranged in the shell 100 to sense, the electrolyte in a storage bin in an electrolyte supplementing system 700 is supplemented and maintained for concentration, specifically, the sodium ion concentration sensor 705 and a liquid level sensor 703 convert the change of the electrolyte concentration and the liquid level into electric signals, the electric signals are converted into digital signals after being processed, the digital signals are compared with a preset threshold value in a control chip, and then the control chip judges whether to start the metering pump, wherein the metering pump can know the amount of the supplemented electrolyte through running time, and further controls the amount of the supplemented electrolyte through starting time.

The shell 100 of each battery unit comprises cathode 300 plates positioned on two side walls, wherein each cathode 300 plate comprises a plate-shaped nickel-plated copper net 301 with three-dimensional communicated gaps, and a carbon fiber diffusion layer 302 with gaps and formed by carbon fiber yarns, which is attached to and covers the nickel-plated copper net 301, the carbon fiber diffusion layer 302 is doped with graphene to form a channel for electron circulation, the nickel-plated copper net 301 comprises a layered unit formed by a plurality of bent nickel-plated copper wire linear arrays, and the layered units are fixedly arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction to form a fish gill type structure; the carbon fiber diffusion layer 302 is attached and fixedly mounted to the inner wall of the housing 100.

In the casing 100 of the single battery unit, the anode 200 is located at the bottom center of the casing 100, in the above or some embodiments, the anode 200 is made of metal aluminum, the anode 200 further includes a plastic conductive base film 201 for carrying the metal aluminum, the plastic conductive base film 201 is made of a flexible conductive material, further includes a turning roll shaft 207 which is placed at the bottom of the casing 100 and is rotatably connected with the casing 100 and is made of an insulating non-metal material including but not limited to ceramic, and further includes a passivated front negative roll 203 and a passivated rear negative roll 204 which are located above the outside of the casing 100, the metal aluminum is wound on the passivated front negative roll 203 and the passivated rear negative roll 204 through the plastic conductive base film 201, and the turning of the anode 200 is realized through the turning roll shaft 207; the passivated negative electrode roll 204 is in transmission connection with an active winding mechanism 600, so that the structure that the active winding mechanism 600 drives the negative electrode roll to rotate and update the anode 200 in the shell 100 is formed.

The pre-passivation negative electrode roll 203 is used for winding a negative electrode material which does not participate in the reaction, and the post-passivation negative electrode roll 204 is used for winding a negative electrode material which participates in the reaction, and aluminum hydroxide is attached to the surface of the negative electrode material; the anode roll 203 before passivation and the cathode roll 204 after passivation are respectively and correspondingly provided with a rotating shaft, wherein an aluminum film is wound on corresponding reels through a composite material formed by bonding a conductive base film, in order to realize a conductive path of an anode, the rotating shaft can be provided with a structure that a part of a conductive part contact part is in contact with the conductive base film to form conductive communication, and when a load is connected, the conductive part is in conductive contact with an electrode.

Certainly, the upper cover 101 covers the housing 100, and the upper cover 101 is provided with an inlet channel and an outlet channel corresponding to the passivated front negative roll 203 and the passivated rear negative roll 204, so as to form a structure allowing the anode 200 to enter and exit; wherein loose aluminum hydroxide is attached to the surface of the anode after the reaction, so that the width of the anode leaving the channel is slightly larger than the thickness of the conductive base film with the aluminum hydroxide.

In the above or some embodiments, the plastic conductive base film 201 is made of conductive plastic, the transmission holes 205 arranged in an array are arranged at two side positions of the plastic conductive base film 201, and the transmission wheels 206 engaged with the transmission holes 205 are arranged at two end positions of the steering roller shaft 207; the transmission holes on the conductive base film are uniformly arranged, and the anode can be accurately controlled to be wound at a certain speed by utilizing the intervals of the transmission holes.

In the above or some embodiments, the active winding mechanism 600 includes a worm gear mechanism engaged with each other, wherein a worm gear 601 is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft of the passivated negative electrode roll 204, wherein a worm 602 is driven by a rotating shaft 603, and the worm 602 is driven by a step motor 604, and the driving of the step motor 604 is controlled by an automobile ECU; including but not limited to on the basis of the upper cover set up the mounting bracket, be used for installing axis of rotation, step motor.

When a plurality of battery units are combined for use, each battery unit can form a series or parallel structure, the voltage can be increased in the field of electric automobiles or other fields requiring higher voltage in a series mode, and the anode and the cathode of each battery unit are electrically connected in the series mode. The shells 100 comprise a plurality of adjacent arrays, and the rotating shafts of the passivated negative coils 204 corresponding to the shells 100 are driven by the same rotating shaft 603 to be synchronously driven; the air supply passage 400 of each casing 100 comprises an air supply box 401 corresponding to the cathode 300, and the air supply box 401 is movably, detachably and fixedly arranged above the cathode 300 and is in air-permeable connection with the carbon fiber diffusion layer 302; each gas supply box 401 is communicated with the same gas supply main pipe 402 through a middle pipeline, and the plasma generator 500 is installed at the gas inlet of the gas supply main pipe 402; in order to realize sufficient air supply to the cathode, the cathode part corresponding to the upper cover of the shell is provided with a plug port corresponding to the air supply box, and the plug port enables a gap allowing air to enter to be formed between the carbon fiber diffusion layer and the inner wall of the shell, so that the air entering through the air supply box firstly enters the gap and then transversely diffuses uniformly towards the carbon fiber diffusion layer.

In the above or some embodiments, the plasma generator 500 comprises the chimney 501 connected to the air supply pipeline, and further comprises a high-pressure plasma emission head located in the chimney 501, so as to generate ionization action on the air flowing through.

In the above or some embodiments, the electrolyte replenishing system 700 is further included, the electrolyte replenishing system 700 includes an electrolyte storage bin 701 located at the periphery of the battery case 100, an electrolyte replenishing pipeline communicated with the electrolyte storage space in the case 100, and an electric supply metering pump 702 located between the electrolyte replenishing pipeline and the electrolyte storage bin 701; the electrolyte replenishing device further comprises a liquid level sensor 703 positioned on the inner wall of each shell 100, wherein the liquid level sensor 703 is electrically connected with a control chip, and an output pin of the control chip is electrically connected with the electric metering pump 702 through a motor driving circuit to realize a control path for electrolyte replenishment; the control chip can adopt a single chip microcomputer, and the metering pump is connected with a gravity reflux valve 704 in parallel.

Compared with the traditional aluminum-air battery, the utility model avoids the updating mode of the traditional anode plate, can realize the uninterrupted power supply structure through the winding structure, has simple and reasonable realization structure, easy production and easy operation, and realizes the continuous conveying of the aluminum film by ingeniously controlling the aluminum film to enter and exit the electrolytic bath through two aluminum film winding drums and one steering drum; on the other hand, the scheme provides a cathode plate structure with higher current density, and oxygen is better contacted and diffused through a three-dimensional communication structure of the cathode plate and a carbon fiber diffusion layer; moreover, the scheme provides a method for replacing the anodes by adopting the stepping motor to simultaneously drive a plurality of arrays, the structure is simple and reasonable, and the number of the battery modules can be arbitrarily increased; moreover, electrolyte replenishment system in this scheme, accessible level sensor and control chip realize the automatic replenishment to battery electrolyte, and above-mentioned electrolyte replenishment system and step motor's control system all can merge into the ECU control system of car, and is better with the compatibility of current car, and the innovation on the aluminium air battery that has realized.

Claims

1. An aluminum air battery of a plasma air-in winding type negative plate comprises a container made of an insulating material for containing electrolyte, the container comprises a shell (100), at least one group of anodes (200) made of metal is arranged in the container, and a cathode (300) for uniformly diffusing oxygen in air to a reaction interface with a catalyst is further comprised, the aluminum air battery is characterized in that the cathode (300) comprises an air supply passage (400), and a plasma generator (500) is arranged at a set position in the air supply passage (400) to form a structure that air flowing through is partially or completely ionized by the plasma generator (500).

2. The aluminum-air battery of the negative plate with the plasma air-in winding-out function as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cathode comprises a plate-shaped nickel-plated copper net (301) with three-dimensional communicated gaps, and further comprises a carbon fiber diffusion layer (302) with gaps, which is formed by carbon fiber yarns and is attached to and covers the nickel-plated copper net (301), wherein the carbon fiber diffusion layer (302) is doped with graphene to form a channel for the circulation of electrons.

3. The aluminum-air cell of claim 2, wherein the nickel-plated copper mesh (301) comprises a plurality of layered units formed by a linear array of bent nickel-plated copper wires, and the layered units are arranged in a fixed manner at intervals in the horizontal direction to form a gill-shaped structure; the carbon fiber diffusion layer (302) is fixedly attached to the inner wall of the shell (100).

4. The aluminum-air battery of claim 3, wherein the anode (200) comprises a metal aluminum film (208) made of metal aluminum, the anode (200) further comprises a plastic conductive base film (201) for carrying the metal aluminum, the plastic conductive base film (201) is made of flexible conductive material, a steering roller shaft (207) made of insulating non-metal material is arranged at the bottom of the shell (100) and rotatably connected with the shell (100), a passivated front negative electrode roll (203) and a passivated rear negative electrode roll (204) are arranged above the outer side of the shell (100), the metal aluminum is wound on the passivated front negative electrode roll (203) and the passivated rear negative electrode roll (204) through the plastic conductive base film (201), and the steering of the anode (200) is realized through the steering roller shaft (207); the passivated negative pole roll (204) is in transmission connection with an active winding mechanism (600) to form a structure which drives the negative pole roll to rotate and update the anode (200) in the shell (100) through the active winding mechanism (600).

5. The aluminum-air battery of claim 4, wherein the anode (200) is located at two side walls of the shell (100) and fixedly connected with the side walls respectively, and the cathode (300) is located at the middle position of the shell (100) in the same shell (100).

6. The aluminum-air battery of negative plate with winding type of air inlet and outlet of plasma as claimed in claim 5, wherein the housing (100) is covered with an upper cover (101), the upper cover (101) is provided with an inlet channel and an outlet channel corresponding to the passivated front negative coil (203) and the passivated rear negative coil (204), forming a structure allowing the anode (200) to enter and exit.

7. The aluminum-air cell with plasma air-in winding-out negative plate as claimed in claim 6, wherein the plastic conductive base film (201) is made of conductive plastic, the plastic conductive base film (201) is provided with transmission holes (205) arranged in an array at two side positions, and the two ends of the turning roll shaft (207) are provided with transmission wheels (206) engaged with the transmission holes (205).

8. The aluminum-air battery of claim 7, wherein the active winding mechanism (600) comprises a worm gear mechanism engaged with each other, wherein a worm gear (601) is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft of the passivated negative coil (204), wherein a worm (602) is driven by a rotating shaft (603), and the worm (602) is driven by a stepping motor (604).

9. The aluminum-air battery with negative plate charge and discharge wound in a plasma mode according to claim 8, wherein the shell (100) comprises a plurality of shells arranged in an array next to each other, and the rotating shafts of the passivated negative coil (204) corresponding to each shell (100) are driven to synchronously drive through the same rotating shaft (603); the air supply channel (400) of each shell (100) respectively comprises an air supply box (401) corresponding to the cathode (300), and the air supply box (401) is movably, detachably and fixedly arranged above the cathode (300) and is in ventilation connection with the carbon fiber diffusion layer (302); each air supply box (401) is communicated with the same air supply main pipe (402) through a middle pipeline, and the plasma generator (500) is installed at an air inlet of the air supply main pipe (402).

10. The aluminum-air cell of claim 9, wherein the plasma generator (500) comprises a funnel (501) connected to an air supply line, and further comprises a high pressure plasma emitter head located in the funnel (501) to ionize air flowing through.