CN218275049U

CN218275049U - Low-cost high-precision eleven-array-element navigation anti-interference array antenna

Info

Publication number: CN218275049U
Application number: CN202222841205.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王勇; 占兆昕; 汪漪; 黄嘉铖; 熊刚
Original assignee: Shenzhen Huada Beidou Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Huada Beidou Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-10-27
Filing date: 2022-10-27
Publication date: 2023-01-10
Anticipated expiration: 2032-10-27

Abstract

The utility model discloses a low-cost high accuracy eleven array element anti-interference array antenna that navigates, including the antenna bottom plate, be equipped with 4B 3 array elements, 4S array elements, 1L array element, 1B 1L 1 array element and a GLONASS L1 array element on the antenna bottom plate, 4S array elements are equidistant to be distributed on the circle that the radius is R1, 4B 3 array elements are equidistant to be distributed on the circle that the radius is R2, L array element locates the antenna bottom plate center, GLONASS L1 array element locates antenna bottom plate outer lane; the B1/L1 array elements are arranged on a circle with the radius of R3. The layout mode of the array elements of the utility model ensures that the distance between the array elements of adjacent frequency bands is as far as possible, and the isolation degree is increased; the utility model discloses a narrow frequency section characteristic of ceramic antenna has ensured that the isolation between the array element is greater than the array element scheme of high frequency panel far away.

Description

Low-cost high-precision eleven-array-element navigation anti-interference array antenna

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a navigation antenna technical field especially relates to an anti-interference array antenna of eleven array element navigation of low-cost high accuracy.

Background

Global satellite navigation system refers to space based radio navigation positioning system that provides users with all weather 3-dimensional coordinates and velocity and time information at any location on the earth's surface or near-earth space, the principle being that the satellite-to-user distance measurement is based on the difference between the time of transmission of the satellite signals and the time of arrival at the receiver, called pseudorange, which requires the reception of at least signals from 4 satellites in order to calculate the three-dimensional position of the user and the receiver clock bias. With the development of global integration, satellite navigation systems are applied in various fields such as aviation, automobile navigation, communication, mapping, entertainment and the like.

Currently, there are four global satellite positioning systems: the Global Positioning System (GPS) in the united states, the global navigation satellite system (GLONASS) in russia, the galileo satellite positioning system in the european space agency, and the beidou navigation satellite positioning system in china.

With the development of satellite navigation systems in military and civil fields, the number of use occasions of the satellite navigation systems is gradually increased, and because the satellite navigation systems also have some defects, the complex electromagnetic environment often interferes or affects the use of receiving equipment, so that anti-interference measures of the satellite navigation systems need to be fully considered when the satellite navigation systems are designed.

The research on anti-interference at home and abroad has been over ten years, and methods for improving the anti-interference capability of a satellite navigation system are provided, such as enhancing the transmitting power of satellite signals, adopting encrypted military codes, adopting a pseudolite technology, and improving the anti-interference capability of a satellite navigation receiver. The method has the advantages that the improvement of the anti-interference capability of the satellite navigation receiver is taken as an important part for improving the whole satellite navigation system, the flexibility is the largest, and the effect is the most obvious. The performance of the antenna, which is an important component of the receiver, will directly determine the interference rejection capability of the receiver.

The existing anti-interference antenna has the following problems:

1. the antenna is used as a device for receiving navigation signals, and can realize anti-interference through a spatial filtering technology, namely, the beam forming is realized by controlling the direction of the antenna and the arrangement mode of an antenna array, a null is formed in the incoming wave direction of interference signals, and satellite navigation signals are normally received in the direction of the non-interference signals, so that the anti-interference is realized. Present anti-interference antenna requires to have a plurality of array elements, mutual coupling effect between adjacent array elements can increase along with the reduction of array element interval, thereby constantly worsen the antenna performance, consequently for reducing the mutual coupling between antenna array element, set up array element interval for being close half wavelength or longer when the antenna design, with mutual interference between the minimize array element, reach better beam forming effect, can make the antenna position bore great according to this kind of mode, but it can not be too big to receive carrier space restriction antenna size, along with the development of technique, the volume of reducing anti-interference array antenna has very important meaning. In the prior art, the miniaturization of the antenna array is generally realized by shortening the array spacing, but the energy coupling among the antenna array elements can be enhanced by reducing the spacing, the isolation among the antenna array elements is reduced, the performance of the antenna array elements is poor, and the beam forming effect is also poor. Therefore, improving the isolation between the anti-jamming units is a key technology of the anti-jamming antenna.

2. The positioning accuracy of the antenna is directly determined by the stability of the phase center of the antenna, so that the positioning antenna of the central unit has a stable phase center, the single-feed-point antenna cannot meet the high-accuracy positioning requirement due to narrow bandwidth, unstable phase center and the like, and the high-accuracy antenna with two-point feed or four-point feed is used as much as possible.

3. The multi-system satellite navigation can get rid of the dependence of users on a single system and improve the positioning accuracy of the users, and becomes the mainstream trend of a receiving system.

4. With the development and change of the navigation anti-interference antenna market, the cost needs to be further reduced, the existing antenna unit is generally made of a high-frequency radio-frequency plate, and the high-precision antenna generally uses one or 3 90-degree couplers to realize high precision of a phase difference network and has higher cost.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The embodiment of the utility model provides a technical problem that will solve lies in, provides an anti-interference array antenna of eleven array elements of low-cost high accuracy navigation to promote the precision and improve the isolation between the array elements.

In order to solve the technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides a low-cost high-precision eleven-array-element navigation anti-interference array antenna, including an antenna base plate, on the antenna base plate, 4B 3 array elements, 4S array elements, 1L array element, 1B 1/L1 array element and a GLONASS L1 array element are arranged, the 4S array elements are equidistantly distributed on a circle with a radius of R1, the 4B 3 array elements are equidistantly distributed on a circle with a radius of R2, the L array element is arranged at the center of the antenna base plate, and the GLONASS L1 array element is arranged at an outer ring of the antenna base plate; the B1/L1 array elements are arranged on a circle with the radius of R3.

Furthermore, the antenna base plate is made of an FR4 PCB, the upper surface of the antenna base plate is covered with copper and paved with the ground, and a two-in-one Wilkinson micro-strip power distribution network with a 90-degree phase difference is drawn on the lower surface of the antenna base plate.

Furthermore, a four-in-one Wilkinson micro-strip power distribution network with 90-degree phase difference between adjacent feeding points is drawn at the positions, corresponding to the 4B 3 array elements, of the lower surface of the antenna bottom plate, and the four-in-one Wilkinson micro-strip power distribution network and the 4B 3 array elements are correspondingly welded for feeding.

Furthermore, the S-array element is made of a ceramic antenna with a dielectric constant of 10, and the other array elements are made of ceramic antennas with a dielectric constant of 16.

Furthermore, the B3 array element, the S array element and the B1/L1 array element are distributed with the center of the antenna base plate as the center of a circle.

Further, R1=43.5mm, R2=78.5mm, R3=82mm.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are that:

1. the utility model discloses an anti-interference array element adopts double-fed scheme or four to present the scheme, and double-fed antenna compares single-feed point antenna and has better axial ratio, more symmetrical and stable directional diagram and more stable phase center, and double-fed and four present the antenna and all be high accuracy antenna, and four present the antenna than double-fed antenna positioning accuracy higher, and array element in this array antenna can select two to present or four to present the antenna according to the precision demand.

2. The utility model discloses an antenna array element adopts high dielectric coefficient's ceramic antenna preparation, and antenna element size is little, and the interval is big, can reduce the coupling between the array element, improves the isolation between the array element.

3. The utility model discloses a layout mode of array element has ensured the interval as far as possible between the array element between the adjacent frequency channel, improves the isolation between the array element.

4. The utility model discloses a narrow frequency section characteristic of ceramic antenna has ensured that the isolation between the array element is far more than the array element scheme of high frequency panel.

5. The utility model discloses a PCB bottom plate back overall arrangement 90 of ceramic antenna two unification wilkinson merit of phase difference divides ware and four unification wilkinson merit to divide the ware. The two-in-one Wilkinson power divider with 90-degree phase difference can replace one patch bridge with 90-degree phase difference, and the four-in-one Wilkinson power divider with 90-degree phase difference between the adjacent four feeding points can replace three patch bridges with 90-degree phase difference, so that the cost is greatly reduced, and the loss is reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is the utility model discloses low-cost high accuracy eleven array element navigation anti-interference array antenna's front view.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the low-cost high-precision eleven-array-element navigation anti-interference array antenna of the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a 90 ° phase difference two-in-one wilkinson power divider according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a four-in-one wilkinson power divider with 90 ° phase difference between adjacent feeding points according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a patch bridge using a 90 deg. phase difference.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a patch bridge with adjacent feed points 90 out of phase.

Description of the reference numerals

B3 Array elements 1, S array elements 2, L array elements 3, B1/L1 array elements 4, GLONASS L1 array elements 5 and feeding points 6.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that, in the present application, the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict, and the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

In the embodiment of the present invention, if there is a directional indication (such as up, down, left, right, front, back \8230;) only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the motion situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), if the specific posture is changed, the directional indication is changed accordingly.

In addition, the descriptions of the first, second, etc. in the present invention are for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying any relative importance or implicit indication of the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature.

Please refer to fig. 1-2, the utility model discloses the anti-interference array antenna of eleven array element navigation of low-cost high accuracy comprises antenna substrate and array element, contain 4B 3 array elements and 4S array elements, 1L array element, 1B 1L 1 array element, a GLONASS L1 array element, small in size has, high sensitivity, low-power consumption, high reliability, characteristics such as with low costs, can cooperate multiple BD receiver to use, wide application in fields such as navigation scheduling, the tracking monitoring, observe and control and military affairs.

The antenna bottom plate adopts 200mm diameter, 1 mm's aluminum plate of thickness, and the array element in the middle of the antenna bottom plate is L array element, namely BD1-L (1616 MHz, left-handed circular polarization) frequency channel array element. The four S array elements, namely BD1-S (2492 MHz) frequency band array elements, are distributed on a circle with a radius R1=43.5mm at equal intervals. The outer ring array elements are four B3 array elements, namely four BD2-B3 (1268 MHz) frequency band array elements are distributed on a circle with the radius R2=78.5mm at equal intervals. The outermost circle of array elements are GLONASS L1 array elements, namely GLONASS L1 (1602 MHz) frequency band array elements; the B1/L1 array elements are BDS-B1 (1561 MHz) and GPS L1 (1575 MHz) frequency bands and are distributed on a circle with a radius of R3=82mm. Preferably, the B3 array element and the adjacent S array element are spaced by 45 °, that is, the angle between the line from the B3 array element to the center of the circle and the line from the adjacent S array element to the center of the circle is 45 °. Preferably, the L array element, the B1/L1 array element, the GLONASS L1 array element and the two S array elements are on the same straight line. The utility model discloses a frequency channel of each array element can be adjusted according to the actual demand.

The S-array element (namely the S-band antenna unit) is made of a ceramic antenna with the dielectric constant of 10, and the antenna units of other bands are made of ceramic antennas with the dielectric constant of 16. The B3 array elements (antenna units of the B3 frequency band) use four-point feed ceramic antennas with the length of 35 x 4mm, and the array elements (antenna units) of other frequency bands use two-point feed ceramic antennas with the length of 28 x 4 mm. The antenna unit is made of ceramic antenna materials and has the advantages of small size, low cost, high temperature resistance and good batch consistency; the antenna unit has small size and large space, can reduce the coupling between the array elements and improve the isolation between the array elements.

The utility model discloses an use the ceramic antenna of high dielectric coefficient and narrow band characteristic to come reduced size, increase isolation as the array element.

The bottom plate of the antenna is an FR4 PCB plate with the size slightly larger than that of the antenna unit and the thickness of 0.8mm, the upper surface of the bottom plate is coated with copper and paved, the lower surface of the bottom plate is drawn with a two-in-one Wilkinson micro-strip power distribution network with a 90-degree phase difference (see figure 3), the two-in-one micro-strip power distribution network and a feed pin of a two-point feed ceramic antenna are welded together to form the high-precision antenna (note: a BD1-L (1616 MHz, left-hand circular polarization) frequency band array element in the middle of the bottom plate is left-hand circular polarization, so the phase difference of adjacent feed points is-90 degrees.)

The two-in-one Wilkinson microstrip power distribution network printed on the bottom plate can replace a patch bridge with 90-degree phase difference (the use principle of the patch bridge is shown in figure 5), so that the cost is greatly reduced, and the loss is reduced. The utility model discloses use the microstrip merit of 90 phase differences to divide the ware to replace the paster electric bridge, realize high accuracy array element.

The four-in-one Wilkinson micro-strip power distribution network with 90-degree phase difference between adjacent feeding points is drawn on the lower surface of an antenna bottom plate corresponding to a B3 array element (B3 frequency band) (see figure 4), the four-in-one micro-strip power distribution network and feeding pins of a four-point feeding ceramic antenna are welded together to form a high-precision antenna (the precision of the four-point feeding antenna is higher than that of a two-point feeding antenna), the four-in-one Wilkinson micro-strip power distribution network is printed on the antenna bottom plate and can replace three patch bridges with 90-degree phase difference (the use principle of the patch bridges is see figure 6), and the cost is greatly reduced while the loss is reduced.

The utility model discloses a distance between the array element of adjacent frequency channel has been ensured to array element's overall arrangement mode is as far as possible, the increase isolation, and ceramic antenna's narrow band characteristic has ensured that the isolation between the array element is greater than the array element scheme of high-frequency panel greatly.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The low-cost high-precision eleven-array-element navigation anti-interference array antenna is characterized by comprising an antenna base plate, wherein 4B 3 array elements, 4S array elements, 1L array element, 1B 1/L1 array element and a GLONASS L1 array element are arranged on the antenna base plate, the 4S array elements are distributed on a circle with the radius of R1 at equal intervals, the 4B 3 array elements are distributed on a circle with the radius of R2 at equal intervals, the L array element is arranged at the center of the antenna base plate, and the GLONASS L1 array element is arranged on the outer circle of the antenna base plate; the B1/L1 array elements are arranged on a circle with the radius of R3.

2. The low-cost high-precision eleven-array-element navigation anti-interference array antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein an FR4 PCB is adopted as an antenna base plate, the upper surface is covered with copper and paved, and the lower surface is drawn with a two-in-one Wilkinson microstrip power distribution network with a 90-degree phase difference.

3. The low-cost high-precision eleven-element navigation anti-interference array antenna according to claim 1, wherein a four-in-one Wilkinson microstrip power dividing network with 90-degree phase difference between adjacent feeding points is drawn on the lower surface of an antenna base plate corresponding to 4B 3 elements, and the four-in-one Wilkinson microstrip power dividing network is welded with the 4B 3 elements for feeding correspondingly.

4. The low-cost high-precision eleven-element navigation anti-interference array antenna according to claim 1, wherein the S element is made of a ceramic antenna with a dielectric constant of 10, and the other elements are made of ceramic antennas with a dielectric constant of 16.

5. The low-cost high-precision eleven-element navigation anti-interference array antenna according to claim 1, wherein the B3 element, the S element and the B1/L1 element are distributed around the center of an antenna base plate.

6. The low-cost high-precision eleven-array-element navigation anti-interference array antenna as claimed in claim 5, wherein R1=43.5mm, R2=78.5mm and R3=82mm.