CN217954076U

CN217954076U - Metal material tensile testing machine

Info

Publication number: CN217954076U
Application number: CN202221851287.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王怡萱
Original assignee: Anhui University of Technology AHUT
Current assignee: Anhui University of Technology AHUT
Priority date: 2022-07-19
Filing date: 2022-07-19
Publication date: 2022-12-02
Anticipated expiration: 2032-07-19

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of tensile testing machines, specifically disclose a metal material tensile testing machine, including frame, portal frame and pneumatic cylinder, be provided with the roof beam that is connected with the pneumatic cylinder lower extreme in the portal frame, be connected with two clamping device of mirror symmetry on roof beam and the frame, clamping device includes connecting strip and two block bodies that press from both sides, two block bodies are close to each other or keep away from the setting under the two-way lead screw effect in the connecting strip, the dovetail groove on the opposite face of two block bodies, the roof of dovetail groove has the grip block through spring coupling, the medial surface of grip block sets up the inclined plane with dovetail groove inner wall assorted, the lateral surface of grip block is provided with anti-skidding line; this metal material tensile test machine can carry out the centre gripping fast to the both ends of work piece of awaiting measuring fixed, can further apply bigger clamp force to the tip of work piece in tensile experiment process moreover to the slippage takes place for the exposed core when effectively preventing to carry out high strength tensile experiment to metal material.

Description

Metal material tensile testing machine

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a tensile test machine technical field specifically discloses a metal material tensile test machine.

Background

The tensile test is a test method for measuring material characteristics under the condition of bearing axial tensile load, various mechanical properties of a metal material are often changed after the metal material is subjected to heat treatment in different processes, the performance indexes such as elastic limit, elongation, elastic modulus, proportion limit, area reduction, tensile strength and the like of the metal material need to be measured through the tensile test, and the tensile test of the metal material needs to use a tensile testing machine. The conventional tensile testing machine clamps two ends of a material to be tested by using a conventional clamp, and then performs a tensile test, but the conventional clamp is high in mechanical properties of the metal material, so that the conventional clamp is easy to slip once applied tension exceeds the clamping limit of the clamp on a workpiece in the process of performing the test after clamping the metal material, and the test fails.

For example, the utility model patent of application No. CN2013208242885 discloses a clamp for tensile test, which comprises a base, a first clamping block, a second clamping block and a pushing locking structure, wherein the first clamping block is fixed on the base, the second clamping block is slidably mounted on the base, the first clamping block and the second clamping block are arranged side by side, and a clamping area for clamping a tensile member is formed between the first clamping block and the second clamping block; the pushing locking structure is connected to the first clamping block and the second clamping block, the pushing locking structure drives the second clamping block to slide towards the position close to the first clamping block, and the sliding second clamping block and the first clamping block clamp the stretching piece in the clamping area together. The utility model discloses an anchor clamps for tensile experiment although simple structure, convenient operation, but its clamp force to the work piece depends on the number of rotations of nut, and moves the in-process of nut to the work piece centre gripping twisting, and the operating personnel can not guarantee to fully twist and move the nut and exert sufficient clamping-force to the work piece, lead to taking place the slippage easily in the tensile experimentation to metal material to make tensile experiment fail. The metal material tensile testing machine capable of effectively solving the technical problems is provided by the application aiming at the defects that the design of the existing work piece clamp is insufficient when the existing tensile testing machine is used for carrying out a tensile test on a metal material.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing a metal material tensile test machine to solve current tensile test machine and carrying out tensile test in-process to metal material, because the unreasonable material slippage that easily leads to of work piece holder design and lead to the problem of tensile test failure.

The utility model discloses a realize through following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a metal material tensile testing machine, includes frame, portal frame and pneumatic cylinder, be provided with the lifter beam that is connected with the pneumatic cylinder lower extreme in the portal frame, be connected with two clamping device of mirror symmetry on lifter beam and the frame, clamping device includes connecting strip and two and presss from both sides the block, two it is close to each other or keeps away from the setting to press from both sides the block under the two-way lead screw effect in the connecting strip, two all set up under wide trapezoidal groove on the opposite face of pressing from both sides the block, there is the grip block top wall of trapezoidal groove through spring coupling, the medial surface of grip block set to with trapezoidal inslot wall assorted inclined plane, the lateral surface of grip block is provided with anti-skidding line.

The utility model provides a metal material tensile test machine is based on existing equipment, carry out the improved design to its work piece holder, clamping device after the improvement carries out the tip that is close to each other to the work piece that blocks through two earlier when centre gripping formula is carried out to metal material's both ends and presss from both sides tightly in advance, then when relative movement takes place in the dovetail groove through the grip block in the tensile experimentation again, can make two grip blocks further be close to each other, thereby exert bigger clamp force to the tip of work piece, can effectively prevent to take place the slippage because of the anchor clamps clamping-force is not enough when carrying out the high strength tensile experiment to metal material.

As a further arrangement of the above scheme, the portal frame comprises two upright columns and a cross beam, vertical sliding grooves are formed in opposite side surfaces of the two upright columns, and two ends of the lifting beam are both connected with limiting sliding blocks extending into the vertical sliding grooves; the stable lift of crossbeam in the portal frame can be guaranteed in above-mentioned vertical spout, spacing slider's design to the realization prevents to take place the skew at tensile experiment in-process to the tensile experiment on metal material's the vertical direction, effectively guarantees the accurate nature of experiment.

As a specific arrangement of the above scheme, a transverse limiting groove is formed in the connecting strip, the bidirectional screw rod is arranged in the transverse limiting groove, an end block extending into the transverse limiting groove is connected to the block clamping body, and a threaded hole matched with the bidirectional screw rod is formed in the end block; the above-mentioned specific design scheme for realizing that two clamp blocks are close to each other or far away from each other.

As a further arrangement of the scheme, the end part of the bidirectional screw rod extending out of the connecting strip is connected with a screwing cap; the two-way screw rod can be conveniently rotated by screwing the cap, so that the distance between the two clamping blocks can be adjusted.

As a further arrangement of the scheme, the inner wall of the trapezoidal groove is connected with a limiting guide rail, and a strip-shaped limiting groove matched with the limiting guide rail is formed on the inclined plane on the inner side of the clamping block; the design of above-mentioned spacing guide rail and bar spacing groove can prevent that the grip block from droing from the opening part of dovetail groove for the cell wall steady movement in dovetail groove can be followed to the grip block.

As a further arrangement of the scheme, an arc-shaped groove is further formed in the outer side surface of the clamping block, anti-skid grains are also arranged on the wall of the arc-shaped groove, and an arc-shaped notch communicated with the trapezoidal groove is formed in the lower end of the clamping block body; the arc-shaped groove and the arc-shaped notch are designed to conveniently clamp the rod-shaped metal material.

Has the advantages that:

the utility model provides a metal material tensile testing machine not only can carry out the centre gripping to the both ends of the work piece of awaiting measuring fast fixedly through the improved design to clamping device, and can further exert bigger clamp force to the tip of work piece in tensile experimental process moreover to effectively prevent that the clamping end from taking place the slippage when carrying out the high strength tensile experiment to metal material, effectively guaranteed going on smoothly of whole experiment; whole clamping device's structural design is novel, excellent, the practicality is strong to the work piece centre gripping effect.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the clamping device of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal plane structure of the clamping device of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of the three-dimensional assembly of the middle clamping block body and the clamping block of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only partial embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings of 1~4, in conjunction with the examples.

Example 1

The embodiment 1 provides a tensile testing machine suitable for metal materials, and referring to fig. 1, a main body of the tensile testing machine includes a machine base 1, a gantry 2, a hydraulic cylinder 3, an upper clamping device 4, a lower clamping device 5, a sensor acquisition unit and a display computer (wherein, the sensor acquisition unit and the display computer are prior art, and are not shown and described in detail in this embodiment). The portal frame 2 comprises two upright columns 201 fixedly connected to the left end and the right end of the upper surface of the base 1, a cross beam 202 is connected between the top ends of the two upright columns 201, and then the hydraulic cylinder 3 is fixedly installed in the middle of the cross beam 202. A lifting beam 203 is arranged between the two upright posts 201, the lower end of a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 3 is connected with the lifting beam 203, then the upper clamping device 4 is connected to the lower surface of the lifting beam 203, and the lower clamping device 5 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the machine base 1 right below the upper clamping device 4.

The two ends of the metal material are respectively clamped by the upper clamping device 4 and the lower clamping device 5, then the lifting beam 203 is lifted upwards under the action of the hydraulic cylinder 3, and the upper clamping device 4 is lifted upwards synchronously under the action of the lifting beam 203, so that the metal material is stretched. In addition, in order to ensure the vertical stable movement of the lifting beam 203, the two ends of the lifting beam 203 are connected with limiting sliding blocks, vertical sliding grooves 2011 are formed in the opposite side surfaces of the two upright posts 201, and the limiting sliding blocks at the two ends of the lifting beam 203 extend into the corresponding vertical sliding grooves 2011 to be arranged.

The important design point of the present embodiment 1 is the structural design of the upper clamping device 4 and the lower clamping device 5, which are the same in structural design and are only arranged in a mirror symmetry manner, and the upper clamping device 4 will be described in detail below with reference to fig. 2-4. Go up clamping device 4 and include the connecting strip 401 with the lifting beam 203 fixed connection, seted up horizontal spacing groove 402 in connecting strip 401, two-way lead screw 403 in the horizontal spacing groove 402, the thread groove at both ends is reverse sets up about vertical lead screw 403 to the end connection that the one end of two-way lead screw 403 stretches out connecting strip 401 has and twists and move cap 404, makes things convenient for the operating personnel to twist and move two-way lead screw 403 through twisting cap 404.

Two clamping block bodies 405 are arranged below the connecting strip 401 in a bilateral symmetry mode, the upper surfaces of the two clamping block bodies 405 are connected with end blocks 406 extending into the transverse limiting grooves 402, and threaded holes 4061 matched with corresponding threaded grooves are formed in the end blocks 406. During the rotation of the bidirectional screw 403, the two clamping blocks 405 move closer to or away from each other through the matching action of the threaded hole 4061 on the end block 406 and the bidirectional screw 403, so as to clamp or release the end of the workpiece.

Trapezoidal groove 4051 has all been seted up on the relative side of two clamp block bodies 405, and this trapezoidal groove 4051 is the trapezoidal of narrow from top to bottom to be connected with limit rail 407 on the inner wall of trapezoidal groove 4051. A clamping block 408 is provided in each trapezoidal groove 4051, and a spring 409 is connected between the upper surface of the clamping block 408 and the upper wall of the trapezoidal groove 4051, so that the clamping block 408 is close to the upper end of the trapezoidal groove 4051 by the connection of the spring 409. The inner side surface of the clamping block 408 extending into the trapezoidal groove 4051 is also set to be an inclined surface matched with the trapezoidal groove 4051, a strip-shaped limiting groove 4081 matched with the limiting guide rail 407 is formed in the inclined surface of the clamping block 408, and then anti-skid threads 4082 are formed in the side surface of the clamping block 408 extending out of the trapezoidal groove 4051.

Finally, in order to conveniently clamp the rod-shaped metal material (such as a steel bar, a metal bar, etc.), an arc-shaped groove 4083 is further formed in the outer side surface of the clamping block 408, and anti-slip threads 4082 are also formed on the groove wall of the arc-shaped groove 4083. Meanwhile, the lower surface of the clamping block body 405 is provided with an arc notch 4052 communicated with the trapezoidal groove 4051. When the rod-shaped metal material needs to be subjected to a tensile test, the end portion of the metal material is inserted into the arc-shaped grooves 4083 of the two clamping blocks 408 through the arc-shaped notch 4052 to be clamped.

The specific operation steps and working principle of this embodiment 1 are as follows:

firstly, the distance between the upper clamping device 4 and the lower clamping device 5 is adjusted according to the length of the metal material to be measured, then the screwing cap 404 on the upper clamping device 4 and the lower clamping device 5 is screwed, and the two clamping blocks 405 on the clamping devices are separated from each other to realize the opening under the matching action of the bidirectional screw rod 403 and the screw hole on the end block 4061.

Then, the upper and lower ends of the metal material to be measured are respectively placed between the two clamping blocks 408 of the upper and lower clamping devices 4 and 5, and the cap 404 is turned in the opposite direction, so that the two clamping blocks 405 approach each other to clamp the two ends of the metal material.

Then, the hydraulic cylinder 3 is started to retract the piston rod thereof, the lifting beam 203 and the upper clamping device 4 are lifted up slowly under the action of the hydraulic cylinder 3, then during the lifting process, the two clamping blocks 408 in the upper clamping device 4 and the lower clamping device 5 move relative to the clamping block body 405 thereof, so that the two clamping blocks 408 move downwards or upwards along the inner wall of the trapezoidal groove 4051, and the two clamping blocks 405 approach each other during the movement of the two clamping blocks 408 along the inner wall of the trapezoidal groove 4051, thereby further applying clamping force to the end of the metal material, and the larger the pulling force applied during the stretching process of the metal material is, the clamping force of the two clamping blocks 405 on the end of the metal material is also large, thereby effectively preventing the metal material from slipping out of the two clamping blocks 405, and effectively ensuring the performance of the stretching experiment.

And finally, after the metal material is broken, the hydraulic cylinder 3 is automatically closed, the sensor acquisition unit stores acquired experimental data in a computer, then the screw cap 404 is rotated to enable the two clamping blocks 405 to be away from each other and put down the broken workpiece, and at the moment, the operation is carried out according to the diameter, the elongation and the like of the broken part of the workpiece which is correspondingly measured to calculate performance indexes such as elastic limit, elongation and the like of the metal material.

The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a metal material tensile test machine, includes frame, portal frame and pneumatic cylinder, be provided with the lifing beam that is connected with the pneumatic cylinder lower extreme in the portal frame, be connected with two clamping device of mirror symmetry on lifing beam and the frame, its characterized in that, clamping device includes connecting strip and two clamp blocks, two the setting is close to each other or keep away from to the two-way lead screw effect of clamp block in the connecting strip, two wide narrow dovetail groove down all has been seted up on the opposite face of clamp block, there is the grip block the roof of dovetail groove through spring coupling, the medial surface of grip block set to with dovetail groove inner wall assorted inclined plane, the lateral surface of grip block is provided with anti-skidding line.

2. The metal material tensile testing machine according to claim 1, wherein the portal frame comprises two columns and a cross beam, vertical sliding grooves are formed in opposite side surfaces of the two columns, and two ends of the lifting beam are connected with limiting sliding blocks extending into the vertical sliding grooves.

3. The metal material tensile testing machine according to claim 1, wherein the connecting bar is provided with a transverse limiting groove, the bidirectional screw rod is arranged in the transverse limiting groove, the block clamping body is connected with an end block extending into the transverse limiting groove, and the end block is provided with a threaded hole matched with the bidirectional screw rod.

4. The metallic material tensile testing machine of claim 3, wherein a twist cap is connected to an end of the bidirectional screw rod extending out of the connecting strip.

5. The metal material tensile testing machine according to claim 1, wherein the inner wall of the trapezoidal groove is connected with a limit guide rail, and a slope on the inner side of the clamping block is provided with a strip-shaped limit groove matched with the limit guide rail.

6. The metal material tensile testing machine according to claim 1, wherein an arc-shaped groove is further formed in the outer side surface of the clamping block, anti-slip lines are also arranged on the wall of the arc-shaped groove, and an arc-shaped notch communicated with the trapezoidal groove is formed in the lower end of the clamping block body.