CN217917129U - Flame-retardant composite fabric, protective garment fabric and protective garment - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a fire-retardant compound surface fabric, protective clothing surface fabric and protective clothing, fire-retardant compound surface fabric includes: a base fabric (1) and a PTFE film (2); the base fabric (1) is of a double-layer weaving structure; the base fabric (1) and the PTFE membrane (2) are formed by attaching flame-retardant high-temperature-resistant glue (4). The protective function of the composite fabric can simultaneously meet all performance requirements of a heat insulating layer, a waterproof and vapor-permeable layer and a comfortable layer in GA10 protective clothing for fire extinguishment of firemen. The protective garment fabric and the protective garment made of the flame-retardant composite fabric have the advantages that the protective garment is small in combined layer number, good in moisture permeability, good in comfort and small in stretching constraint on a wearer, and the close-fitting fabric is a knitted fabric. The protective clothing is flexible in structure, high in comfort and high in vapor permeability, and is very suitable for being worn for fire rescue in hot weather.

Description

Flame-retardant composite fabric, protective garment fabric and protective garment

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a fire-retardant surface fabric and protection field especially relate to a fire-retardant compound surface fabric, protective clothing surface fabric and protective clothing.

Background

In the field of fire fighting, firemen work in severe environments with high heat flux density, in order to prevent the human body from being burned by heat sources, the protective clothing for the firemen mostly adopts a multi-layer structure material combination, and the fire fighting industry standard GA10 fire fighting protective clothing specifies that the protective clothing is formed by sewing four layers of woven fabrics with a combined structure, namely an outer layer, a heat insulation layer, a waterproof breathable layer and a comfortable layer. The thermal protection clothes comprising the four-layer fabric combined structure can provide enough thermal protection, but the fabric has more layers and is relatively thicker and heavier, so that the stretchability of a wearer is poor, and the wearer is fatigued. In addition, firefighters often perspire significantly to avoid thermal stress in their bodies during fire rescue due to the heat of the environment and the effort they undertake in performing their fire-fighting duties. Therefore, the garment assembly must be capable of allowing water vapor, such as sweat, to pass therethrough at a suitable level, i.e., have good moisture permeability.

Therefore, the fire-extinguishing protective clothing needs to use the lightest possible combined fabric to develop a heat protective clothing combination with high heat insulation efficiency so as to reduce the weight of the clothing combination, increase the operability and moisture permeability and meet the individual safety protection requirement in a high-temperature environment. The existing protective clothing cannot achieve good comprehensive effect of light weight and protection.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides a fire-retardant compound surface fabric and protective clothing that application range is extensive, anti high temperature performance is stronger and lightweight. The flame-retardant composite fabric is formed by a knitted fabric composite PTFE film, and the protective function of the flame-retardant composite fabric can simultaneously meet all performance requirements of a thermal insulation layer, a waterproof and breathable layer and a comfortable layer in GA10 firefighter fire-extinguishing protective clothing.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model discloses a fire-retardant composite fabric, fire-retardant composite fabric includes:

a base fabric (1) and a PTFE membrane (2);

the base fabric (1) is of a double-layer weaving structure;

the base fabric (1) and the PTFE membrane (2) are bonded by flame-retardant high-temperature-resistant glue (4).

Furthermore, a flame-retardant PU layer (5) is compounded on the outer side of the PTFE membrane.

Furthermore, the inner side of the PTFE membrane and the base fabric (1) are bonded by flame-retardant high-temperature-resistant glue (4).

Further, the base fabric (1) is of a double-layer weaving structure of warp knitting and weft knitting fabrics.

Furthermore, the warp knitting fabric is of a structure that a plurality of yarns are simultaneously knitted in a loop along the longitudinal direction of the fabric surface.

Further, the warp knitting adopts high-strength fiber yarns or yarns with a balanced structure.

Furthermore, the weft-knitted fabric is a loop-forming knitted structure formed by one or more yarns along the transverse direction of the fabric surface.

According to the utility model discloses an on the other hand discloses a protective clothing surface fabric, wherein:

the protective clothing fabric is composed of an inner layer fabric and an outer layer fabric (3), wherein the inner layer fabric is the flame-retardant composite fabric;

the PTFE film (2) in the flame-retardant composite fabric is attached to the outer-layer fabric (3).

Further, the outer layer fabric (3) is a double-layer woven fabric.

According to the utility model discloses a protective clothing, wherein, protective clothing include clothing main part and foretell protective clothing surface fabric, protective clothing surface fabric do the main part surface fabric of protective clothing.

The embodiment of the utility model discloses fire-retardant compound surface fabric, fire-retardant compound surface fabric includes: a base fabric (1) and a PTFE film (2); the base fabric (1) is of a double-layer weaving structure; the base fabric (1) and the PTFE membrane (2) are bonded by flame-retardant high-temperature-resistant glue (4); the outer side of the PTFE membrane is compounded with a flame-retardant PU layer (5); the inner side of the PTFE membrane is attached to the base fabric (1) through flame-retardant high-temperature-resistant glue (4). The protective function of the composite fabric can simultaneously meet all performance requirements of a heat insulating layer, a waterproof and vapor-permeable layer and a comfortable layer in GA10 protective clothing for fire extinguishment of firemen.

On the other hand, the utility model discloses a protective clothing fabric, wherein the protective clothing fabric is composed of an inner layer fabric and an outer layer fabric (3), wherein the inner layer fabric is the flame-retardant composite fabric; the PTFE film (2) in the flame-retardant composite fabric is attached to the outer-layer fabric (3); the outer layer fabric (3) is a double-layer woven fabric. And simultaneously, the utility model discloses a protective clothing, wherein, protective clothing include clothing main part and foretell protective clothing surface fabric, protective clothing surface fabric do the main part surface fabric of protective clothing. Therefore, the utility model discloses a protective clothing combination number of piles is few, and it is good to pass through wet, and the surface fabric next to the shin is knitted fabric, and the travelling comfort is good, and it is little to stretch the restraint to the wearer. The TPP value of the combined structure of the protective clothing is not less than 28cal/cm < 2 >, and the combined structure meets the thermal protection performance requirements of the fire-fighting industry standard GA10 'protective clothing for fire extinguishment of firemen'. The protective clothing has flexible combined structure, high comfort and high vapor permeability, and is very suitable for being worn for fire rescue in hot weather.

The foregoing is a summary of the present invention, and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments, which is to be read in connection with the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a layered structure of a flame retardant composite fabric in one embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a layered structure of a shell fabric of a protective garment in another embodiment;

reference numerals

1. Base cloth fabric

2 PTFE Membrane

3. Outer shell fabric

4. High-temperature glue

5. Flame-retardant PU layer

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly describe the technical content of the present invention, the following further description is given with reference to specific embodiments.

The implementations described in the following exemplary examples do not represent all implementations consistent with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the application, as detailed in the appended claims.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used in this application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, in an embodiment, the flame retardant composite fabric of the present invention comprises: the base fabric comprises a base fabric (1) and a PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) membrane (2). The base fabric (1) is of a double-layer weaving structure, the base fabric (1) and the PTFE membrane (2) are formed by laminating flame-retardant high-temperature-resistant glue (4), the outer side of the PTFE membrane is compounded with a flame-retardant PU layer (5), and the inner side of the PTFE membrane and the base fabric (1) are formed by laminating flame-retardant high-temperature-resistant glue (4).

The base fabric (1) in the utility model is any double-layer weaving structure of warp knitting and weft knitting fabrics. The warp knitting fabric is in a structure that a plurality of yarns are simultaneously knitted in a loop along the longitudinal direction of a cloth cover. Just the utility model provides a warp knitting is woven for high tenacity yarn, warp knitting adopts high strength fiber yarn or has balanced structure's yarn. The weft-knitted fabric is a structure in which one or more yarns are knitted in a loop mode along the transverse direction of a cloth cover. Knitted fabrics include weft knitted fabrics and warp knitted fabrics according to the weaving method.

The weft-knitted fabric is usually made of low-elasticity polyester yarns or special-shaped polyester yarns, nylon yarns, cotton yarns, wool yarns and the like as raw materials by knitting flat stitch, variable flat stitch, rib flat stitch, double rib flat stitch, jacquard weave, terry stitch and the like on various weft knitting machines. It has many varieties, generally has good elastic extensibility, is soft, firm and wrinkle-resistant, has strong hair-like feeling, and is easy to wash and dry in the ears. However, the moisture absorption of the fabric is poor, the fabric is not stiff and smooth enough and is easy to shed and curl, and the chemical fiber fabric is easy to fluff, pill and hook. The following varieties are mainly available:

1. the polyester yarn-dyed knitted fabric comprises the following steps: the fabric has bright and beautiful color, harmonious color matching, compact and thick texture, clear texture, strong hair shape feeling and the style similar to wool fabric tweed.

2. Polyester knitting labor fabric: the fabric is compact, thick, firm, wear-resistant, stiff, smooth and elastic, and if the raw material is spandex-containing core-spun yarn, elastic knitted jeans can be woven, so that the elasticity is better.

3. Polyester knitted lampwick fabric: the fabric has clear concave-convex, thick and full hand feeling, good elasticity and good heat retention.

4. Polyester-cotton knitted fabric: the fabric can be used as shirt, jacket and sportswear after dyeing. The fabric is stiff, smooth, crease-resistant, firm and wear-resistant, and the close-fitting surface is moisture-absorbing and breathable, soft and comfortable.

5. Artificial fur needle fabric: the fabric has thick hand feeling, softness and good heat retention. According to different varieties, the fabric is mainly used for overcoat fabrics, clothing linings, collars, hats and the like. Artificial fur is also knitted by warp knitting.

6. Velvet knitted fabric: the fabric has soft, thick, firm and wear-resistant hand feeling, thick and vertical fluff and soft color light. Mainly used as coat fabrics, collar or hat materials and the like. It can also be woven with warp knitting, for example: warp knitted terry cut pile fabric.

7. Port-type knitted wool fabric: it has the smooth, soft and bulky hand feeling of cashmere fabric, and the features of silk fabric including soft luster, good drapability, no shrinkage and high air permeability.

The warp knitted fabric is produced with polyester, polyamide, vinylon, polypropylene and other synthetic filament as material and through weaving with cotton, wool, silk, hemp, chemical fiber and other blended yarn. It has the advantages of good longitudinal size stability, stiff and smooth fabric, small detachability, no curling, good air permeability and the like. But are less laterally extensible, elastic and flexible than weft knitted fabrics. There are mainly the following categories:

1. polyester warp-knitted fabric: the cloth cover is flat and straight, the color is bright, and the cloth cover has the advantages of thickness and thinness.

2. Warp-knitted pile fabric: the fabric has good drapability, is easy to wash, quick-dry and easy to iron, but is easy to absorb dust due to electrostatic accumulation in use.

3. Warp-knitted mesh fabric: the mesh fabric for clothes is light and thin in texture, good in elasticity and air permeability and smooth, soft and stiff in hand feeling.

4. Warp-knitted velvet fabric: the surface fluff is dense and erect, the hand feeling is thick, full, soft, rich in elasticity and good in heat retention.

5. Warp-knitted terry fabric: the fabric has the advantages of full and thick hand feeling, firm and thick cloth body, good elasticity, hygroscopicity and heat retention, stable looped pile structure and good wearability.

The PTFE film (2) in the utility model is a microporous film which is made by utilizing the pore-forming characteristic of polytetrafluoroethylene plastic resin and adopting a biaxial stretching method. The surface of the film can reach more than ten billion micropores per square centimeter, the diameter (0.1-0.5 micrometer) of each micropore is hundreds of times smaller than the diameter (20-100 micrometers) of water molecules and tens of thousands of times larger than the diameter (0.0003-0.0004 micrometer) of water vapor molecules, so that water vapor can pass through but water drops cannot pass through, and the micropore structure can achieve excellent waterproof and moisture permeable functions; in addition, the holes are extremely fine and are arranged in a bent mode in an irregular longitudinal direction, so that wind cannot penetrate through the holes, and the wind-proof heat-insulating plate has the characteristics of wind resistance, heat insulation and the like.

The utility model provides a PTFE membrane has following characteristic:

(1) The surface morphology of the PTFE microporous membrane is a spider web-like microporous structure. The micro fibers form pores, and the arrangement direction of the micro fibers is basically parallel to the stretching direction; the junctions of the fiber bundles are nodes formed by entanglement of a plurality of microfibers.

(2) The PTFE membrane belongs to an asymmetric membrane, and the sizes of micropores on the front side and the back side of the membrane are different.

(3) The membrane has cross-sectional pore size larger than that of its surface, and also has different longitudinal and transverse pore sizes, with the longitudinal pores being larger than the transverse ones.

(4) The cross section of the membrane is of a network structure, the three-dimensional structure of the pores has very complicated changes such as net communication, pore insert sleeves, pore channel bending and the like, and a plurality of micropores can form a channel or can be connected with a plurality of channels.

After being compounded with other fabrics, the PTFE film can be widely applied to army clothing, medical clothing, leisure clothing, special protective clothing for fire fighting, gas defense, water immersion operation and the like, outdoor sportswear, auxiliary materials such as shoes, hats, gloves and the like, and materials such as sleeping bags, tents, rain gears and the like.

The utility model provides a fire-retardant high temperature resistant glue (4) fire-retardant viscose adopts high temperature resistant organic glue, for example: silicone adhesives, phenolic resin adhesives, urea-formaldehyde resin adhesives, temperature-resistant epoxy adhesives, polyimide adhesives and the like. Such glues may be soft elastic, or tough, or hard rigid. The glue can be added with functional filler to endow the glue with the functions of insulation, heat conduction, magnetic conduction, fire prevention, flame retardance and the like, and is an inorganic high-molecular adhesive formed by high-temperature high-pressure polymerization. Polyimide is a commonly used material in protective clothing fabrics, and is not described herein again.

The flame-retardant PU layer (5) in the utility model is polyurethane elastomer rubber (PU: polyurethane), which can be polyester type or polyether type, the novel fabric adopts Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer rubber (TPU: thermoplastic polyurethane), the hardness range is wide (60 HA-85 HD), the flame-retardant PU layer is wear-resistant and oil-resistant, and the flame-retardant PU layer is transparent and HAs good elasticity. As an organic polymer, there is no fixed melting point, and the melting temperature is usually between several tens and two hundred degrees celsius. The high-temperature-resistant PU materials, conventional PU in general, are resistant to temperatures of 80 ℃ in general, i.e.their long-term service temperatures must not exceed 80 ℃ or their service lives would be severely reduced. Also heat-resistant PU, said to withstand high temperatures of 130 ℃. In addition, the glass fiber modified PU has higher heat-resistant temperature. Polyurethanes such as TPU's are heat-plasticized, have no or little crosslinking in their chemical structure, are essentially linear in their molecules, but have some physical crosslinking. The flame retardant grade of TPU is the same as that of common wire products, and is divided into high-quality V1 and common V2. Its long-term service temperature can not exceed 80 deg.C, otherwise its service life can be seriously reduced. There are also heat resistant PU's said to be able to withstand high temperatures of 130 c and, in addition, glass fiber modified TPU's, have higher heat resistant temperatures. Halogen-free flame retardant TPU polyurethane raw material, polyester/polyether, hardness: 71a-95a, the process grades can be divided into: injection molding/extrusion processing, color: black/white/natural color/transparent, surface effect can be bright face/semi-matte/matte, quality: no dust, no sediment, cold resistance, hydrolysis resistance, oil resistance, wear resistance, weather resistance and flame retardant grade: ul94-V0/V2, which can pass a VW-1 (vertical burning without dripping) test during wire making. The utility model provides a heat-resisting PU still needs to add certain fire retardant, and halogen-free fire-retardant PU has advantages such as difficult burning, low cigarette, low toxicity, reduction harm to the human body, also belongs to the environmental protection material simultaneously, is the future development direction of PU material.

As shown in fig. 2, a schematic view of the layered structure of the shell fabric of the protective garment in the embodiment is shown. As shown in the figure, with reference to figure 1, the fabric of the protective clothing is formed by combining and designing an inner layer fabric and an outer layer fabric (3), wherein the outer layer fabric (3) of the protective clothing is a woven fabric with a double-layer weave structure; the inner layer of the protective suit uses the composite fabric, and the composite fabric comprises the base fabric (1) and the PTFE membrane (2) as described above. The base fabric (1) and the PTFE membrane (2) are formed by laminating flame-retardant high-temperature-resistant glue (4), the outer side of the PTFE membrane is compounded with a flame-retardant PU layer (5), and the inner side of the PTFE membrane and the base fabric (1) are formed by laminating flame-retardant high-temperature-resistant glue (4). The protective clothing has the advantages of few combined layers, good moisture permeability, good comfort and small stretching restriction on a wearer because the close-fitting fabric is a knitted fabric. Wherein the flame-retardant high-temperature-resistant glue (4) and the flame-retardant PU layer (5) with thinner thickness are not shown in the figure.

Additionally, the utility model discloses an another embodiment, the utility model discloses a protective clothing, protective clothing include clothing main part and foretell thermal-insulated fire-retardant surface fabric, thermal-insulated fire-retardant surface fabric do protective clothing's main part surface fabric. The protective clothing is formed by combining an outer layer fabric and a comfortable layer fabric, wherein the composite fabric is used as the comfortable layer fabric of the protective clothing, the composite fabric is formed by a knitted fabric composite PTFE film, and the protective function of the protective clothing can simultaneously meet all performance requirements of a thermal insulation layer, a waterproof and breathable layer and a comfortable layer in GA10 firefighter fire-fighting protective clothing. Wherein the PTFE membrane side faces the outer shell fabric; the outer layer fabric can be a double-layer woven fabric, the TPP value of the combined structure of the protective clothing is not less than 28cal/cm < 2 >, and the thermal protection performance requirements of the fire-fighting industry standard GA10 'protective clothing for fire extinguishment of firemen' are met. The protective clothing has flexible combined structure, high comfort and high vapor permeability, and is very suitable for being worn for fire rescue in hot weather.

The protective value of protective garments lies in the balance of protective function and wearability (wearability refers to the wearability of the fabric, including basic and comfort properties). That is, protective clothing generally not only needs to consider the protective performance of clothing, but also needs to consider the wearability of clothing, such as easy operability, comfort, portability and the like, for example, although the thick and heavy fire protection clothing has excellent isolation and protection performance to external heat hazard, the thick and heavy protective clothing also seriously consumes the physical strength of firemen and further influences the operation efficiency. The main fabric of the protective garment in the embodiment of the disclosure adopts a variable double-layer elastic structure, so that the overall weight of the protective garment is effectively reduced, and the high-heat-insulation flame-retardant comfortable layer fabric is flame-retardant in nature, high in strength and good in elasticity. The front is level and smooth to wear soft comfortable next to the shin, and the back is looped, has high thermal-insulated effect, and yarn stiffness is big, and the pressurized non-deformable does not influence its heat-proof quality for a long time use.

According to the utility model discloses a further embodiment, outmost one deck temperature indication layer that increases of protective clothing, through the concrete component material to temperature sensing discoloration coating in the temperature indication layer replace, can realize low temperature or high temperature display early warning, locate the clothing main part of protective clothing with corresponding temperature sensor, just can use under extreme low temperature or extreme high temperature environment, and the theory of operation when carrying out the high temperature early warning is unanimous with the aforesaid based on the theory of operation, and this department is no longer repeated.

In this specification, the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments thereof. It will, however, be evident that various modifications and changes may be made thereto without departing from the broader spirit and scope of the invention. The specification and drawings are, accordingly, to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense.

Claims (6)

1. The flame-retardant composite fabric is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:

a base fabric (1) and a PTFE membrane (2);

the base fabric (1) is of a double-layer weaving structure;

the surface morphology of the PTFE membrane (2) is a spider web-like microporous structure;

the base fabric (1) and the PTFE membrane (2) are bonded by flame-retardant high-temperature-resistant glue (4);

the base fabric (1) is of a double-layer weaving structure of warp knitting and weft knitting fabrics, the warp knitting fabric is of a loop knitting structure formed by a plurality of yarns simultaneously along the longitudinal sequence of a cloth cover, and the weft knitting fabric is of a loop knitting structure formed by one or more yarns along the transverse sequence of the cloth cover.

2. The flame-retardant composite fabric according to claim 1, wherein the PTFE film is externally compounded with a flame-retardant PU layer (5).

3. The flame-retardant composite fabric according to claim 1, wherein the inner side of the PTFE membrane and the base fabric (1) are bonded by flame-retardant high-temperature-resistant glue (4).

4. The protective clothing fabric is characterized in that:

the protective clothing fabric is composed of an inner layer fabric and an outer layer fabric (3), wherein the inner layer fabric is the flame-retardant composite fabric of any one of claims 1 to 3;

the PTFE film (2) in the flame-retardant composite fabric is attached to the outer-layer fabric (3).

5. Fabric for protective clothing according to claim 4, characterized in that the outer shell fabric (3) is a double-layer woven fabric.

6. A protective garment, characterized in that the protective garment comprises a garment body and the protective garment fabric as claimed in claim 4 or 5, wherein the protective garment fabric is the body fabric of the protective garment.

Images