CN217735605U - Turbulent jet ignition device of long-channel precombustion chamber - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a turbulent jet ignition device of a long-passage precombustion chamber, which comprises a shell, wherein a fuel injector and a spark plug are arranged in the shell, an inner cavity at the lower part of the shell forms an inner cavity of the precombustion chamber, and a nozzle of the fuel injector and an electrode of the spark plug extend into the inner cavity of the precombustion chamber; the lower part of the shell sequentially comprises a first partition and a second partition from top to bottom, the first partition and the second partition are both positioned in the position of the inner cavity of the precombustion chamber, and the outer wall of the first partition is provided with threads for mounting the shell on the cylinder cover; the second partition is provided with a plurality of precombustion chamber jet holes which are formed along the circumferential direction of the outer wall of the shell, and one ends of the precombustion chamber jet holes extend out of the inner cavity of the precombustion chamber and extend into the main combustion chamber after penetrating through the shell. The device realizes that flame reaches the combustion chamber end fast through long passageway efflux ignition, reduces flame propagation distance thereby suppresses the detonation.

Description

Turbulent jet ignition device of long-channel precombustion chamber

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the internal-combustion engine, concretely relates to long-channel antechamber torrent efflux ignition.

Background

Although the market share, market acceptance, industrial maturity, usability and other factors of the traditional internal combustion engine automobile are impacted by new energy wave to a certain extent, the automobile (internal combustion engine automobile and hybrid automobile) with the internal combustion engine as a power source is still the main force of the automobile market in the next 30 years, and especially in a hybrid power system, the internal combustion engine with high thermal efficiency shows great potential in the aspects of reducing oil consumption and CO2 emission.

In the face of such strict fuel consumption regulations of internal combustion engines, increasing the thermal efficiency of internal combustion engines has become one of the key points of current research, and lean burn technology is a class of advanced combustion technology which is currently receiving much attention among many technical routes of ignition engines. In the lean combustion technology, the air-fuel ratio of fuel-air mixture is far greater than the theoretical air-fuel ratio so as to reduce the combustion temperature and further reduce the wall heat transfer loss in the combustion process; it is estimated that the wall heat transfer loss during combustion can be reduced by about 25% if the in-cylinder combustion temperature is reduced from 2600K to 2000K. In addition, the excess air in lean combustion increases the polytropic index of the in-cylinder gas, and the low combustion temperature reduces the energy loss in exhaust gas, which further improves the thermal efficiency of lean combustion.

However, as the air-fuel mixture in the cylinder becomes lean, the reliability of ignition by the spark plug decreases, the flame propagation speed decreases, and the degree of incomplete combustion in the cylinder increases, which all deteriorate the combustion process in the lean condition. Therefore, the core of achieving lean combustion is achieving reliable ignition and a stable flame propagation process under lean fuel conditions. At present, technologies for achieving lean combustion in a spark-ignition engine mainly include fuel stratified combustion, high-energy ignition, turbulent Jet Ignition (TJI), and these technical strategies can ensure the reliability of spark ignition and the stability of flame propagation.

The prechamber is one of the most important parts of a turbulent jet ignition device, and the shape, size and number of the jet holes of the prechamber directly influence the formation and development of jet flames. Researches show that the jet hole of the relatively small precombustion chamber can generate stronger jet flame, improve ignition energy and further improve the performance of the engine, but the jet hole is too small, quenching action and throttling loss are enhanced, and the combustion and performance deterioration of the engine can be caused; for the number of jet holes, the multi-hole prechamber performs better than the single hole prechamber. The porous structure can generate a plurality of jet flames, and ignition sources which are distributed more widely are formed in the cylinder, so that the combustion process of mixed gas in the cylinder is effectively promoted.

Therefore, a jet ignition device of the precombustion chamber, which can promote the combustion process of the mixed gas in the cylinder and reduce the propagation distance of flame so as to inhibit detonation, is needed.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the utility model is to provide a long passageway antechamber torrent efflux ignition, the device realizes through the ignition of long passageway efflux that flame reaches the combustion chamber end fast, thereby reduces the flame propagation distance and suppresses the detonation, can be used to the initial flame of spark-ignition engine with higher speed and holistic thin burning. The utility model aims at realizing through the following technical scheme:

a turbulent jet ignition device of a long-channel precombustion chamber comprises a shell, wherein a fuel injector and a spark plug are arranged in the shell, an inner cavity at the lower part of the shell forms a precombustion chamber inner cavity, and a nozzle of the fuel injector and an electrode of the spark plug extend into the precombustion chamber inner cavity; the lower part of the shell sequentially comprises a first partition and a second partition from top to bottom, the first partition and the second partition are both positioned in the position of the inner cavity of the precombustion chamber, and the outer wall of the first partition is provided with threads for mounting the shell on the cylinder cover; the second partition is provided with a plurality of long-channel type precombustion chamber jet holes which are formed along the circumferential direction of the outer wall of the shell, one end of each long-channel type precombustion chamber jet hole is connected with the inner cavity of the precombustion chamber, and the other end of each long-channel type precombustion chamber jet hole extends into the main combustion chamber; wherein, the outlet of the jet hole of the long-channel precombustion chamber extends into the main combustion chamber and reaches the position of one third to one half of the diameter of the main precombustion chamber; and the outlet of the long-channel type jet hole faces the tail end of the main combustion chamber, and does not block the movement of an air inlet valve and an exhaust valve.

Further, the fuel injected into the inner cavity of the precombustion chamber by the fuel injector comprises gasoline, hydrogen, alcohol and ether fuels.

Furthermore, the jet holes of the long-channel type precombustion chamber are 6-8 long-channel jet holes which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the shell at intervals.

Further, the long-passage prechamber turbulent jet ignition device is suitable for an active prechamber structure.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:

long passageway antechamber torrent efflux ignition sets up a plurality of long passageway type antechamber jet orifices at its casing bottom circumference, and the jet orifice sets up towards the terminal slope of main combustion chamber to be favorable to realizing forming stranded jet flame in the main combustion chamber, flame reaches main combustion chamber end fast, thereby reduces flame propagation distance and suppresses the detonation, can be used to the initial flame of spark-ignition engine with higher speed and holistic thin burning. The utility model is suitable for a spark-ignition engines such as gasoline engine suppresses the characteristics of knockings through this device and can further improves the compression ratio, the pressure-increasing ratio of engine to improve the thermal efficiency of engine.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a long passage prechamber turbulent jet ignition device;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a long passage prechamber turbulent jet ignition device;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an engine with a long passage prechamber turbulent jet ignition device.

In the figure:

1: the precombustion chamber 2: long passage type precombustion chamber jet hole 3: spark plug

4: the fuel injector 5: a housing 6: pre-combustion chamber inner cavity

7: piston 8: main combustion chamber 9: air inlet valve

10: jet ignition device 11: exhaust valve 12: cylinder head

13: cylinder liner 14: first partition 15: second partition

Detailed Description

In order to make the purpose, technical solution, beneficial effect and significant progress of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention is clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings provided in the examples of the present invention, and obviously, all the described embodiments are only partial embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments; based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The utility model provides a precombustion chamber of a long-channel precombustion chamber turbulent flow jet ignition device, which is provided with a plurality of long-channel precombustion chamber jet holes, can generate a plurality of jet flames and can provide an ignition source with multi-point distribution for an engine; the flame can quickly reach the tail end of the combustion chamber through the long channel outlet, the flame propagation distance is reduced, and accordingly detonation caused by self-ignition of the tail end is restrained, and the flame can be used for initial flame acceleration and overall lean combustion of a spark ignition engine. Meanwhile, the pre-combustion chamber is provided with a spark plug and an oil injector, so that fuel oil in the pre-combustion chamber can be always maintained within a certain concentration range under different engine working conditions. The operation of the device will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1-2, a long-passage prechamber turbulent jet ignition device comprises a housing 5, a fuel injector 4 and a spark plug 3 are arranged in the housing 5, and the upper part of the fuel injector 4 is provided with a through hole for feeding fuel into the fuel injector 4. The fuel injector 4 may be used to inject gasoline, and may inject fuel such as hydrogen, alcohols, and ethers, without being limited to gasoline. The lower cavity of the housing 5 forms a prechamber cavity 6, into which prechamber cavity 6 the nozzle of the fuel injector 4 and the electrode of the spark plug 3 project. The lower part of the shell 5 sequentially comprises a first partition 14 and a second partition 15 from top to bottom, the first partition and the second partition are both positioned in the position of the inner cavity of the precombustion chamber, and the outer wall of the first partition is provided with threads for mounting the shell 5 on the cylinder cover 12; the second subregion is provided with the edge 6 evenly distributed's that casing outer wall circumference was seted up precombustion chamber jet hole 2, 2 one end in long passageway type precombustion chamber jet hole stretch out from the precombustion chamber inner chamber, pass stretch into main combustion chamber 8 behind the casing 5 for intercommunication precombustion chamber inner chamber 6 and main combustion chamber 8. The jet holes 2 of the long-channel precombustion chamber are uniformly distributed at intervals. Optionally, the long channel jet holes are obliquely arranged and face the tail end of the main combustion chamber, and meanwhile, the air inlet valve and the air outlet valve are not blocked from moving. The outlets (i.e. orifices) of the jet holes 2 of the long-channel type precombustion chamber extend into the main combustion chamber, the outlet positions are about one third to one half of the diameter of the main combustion chamber, and the jet flames of the precombustion chamber can form a plurality of jet flames in the main combustion chamber through the outlets of the long channels and realize that the flames quickly reach the tail end of the main combustion chamber 8.

The long-channel precombustion chamber turbulent jet ignition device is suitable for an active precombustion chamber structure, in particular to a large-cylinder-diameter spark ignition type internal combustion engine.

As shown in fig. 3, the long path prechamber jet ignition device 10 is centrally mounted to the engine cylinder head 12 to provide an ignition source for the main combustion chamber of the engine. The long-channel prechamber jet ignition device, the piston 7, the intake valve 9, the exhaust valve 11, the cylinder cover 12 and the cylinder sleeve 13 form a main combustion chamber 8. When the engine works, the long-channel precombustion chamber jet ignition device 10 generates a plurality of jet flames in the main combustion chamber 8 through the plurality of long-channel precombustion chamber jet holes 2, and the jet flames serve as an ignition source to ignite mixed gas in the main combustion chamber 8; the long-passage jet hole design can accelerate jet flame propagation in the precombustion chamber on one hand, and can shorten the distance between an ignition point in the main combustion chamber 8 and tail end mixed gas on the other hand, so that the propagation time and the propagation distance of flame in the main combustion chamber 8 can be shortened, and further knocking caused by spontaneous combustion of the tail end mixed gas can be effectively avoided.

When the engine works, the fuel injector 4 in the long-channel precombustion chamber jet ignition device 10 injects fuel into the precombustion chamber inner cavity 6 to form target mixed gas, then the target mixed gas is ignited by the spark plug 3, the target mixed gas is firstly combusted in the precombustion chamber inner cavity 6, along with the development of flame, a flame front passes through the long-channel precombustion chamber jet hole 2 to form a plurality of jet flames under the acceleration action of the long-channel structure jet hole, and then the fuel mixed gas in the main combustion chamber 8 is ignited to finish the work of combustion.

The utility model discloses an innovation point lies in, this long passageway jet orifice can effectively accelerate efflux flame propagation, shortens flame propagation distance simultaneously, and the final flame that makes reachs the gas mixture end of not burning fast, and then effectively restraines the detonation that arouses by terminal gas mixture spontaneous combustion, optimizes the in-cylinder combustion process, promotes engine thermal efficiency to reduce the emission.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be modified from the embodiments described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions may be made on part or all of the technical features, and these modifications or substitutions do not substantially depart from the scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and the non-essential modifications, adjustments or substitutions made by those skilled in the art according to the content of the present description are all within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. A long-channel prechamber turbulent jet ignition device comprises a shell (5), wherein a fuel injector (4) and a spark plug (3) are arranged in the shell (5), an inner cavity at the lower part of the shell (5) forms a prechamber inner cavity (6), and a nozzle of the fuel injector (4) and an electrode of the spark plug (3) extend into the prechamber inner cavity (6); the device is characterized in that the lower part of the shell (5) sequentially comprises a first partition (14) and a second partition (15) from top to bottom, the first partition and the second partition are both positioned in the position of an inner cavity of the precombustion chamber, and the outer wall of the first partition is provided with threads for mounting the shell (5) on a cylinder cover (12); the second partition is provided with a plurality of long-channel type precombustion chamber jet holes (2) which are formed along the circumferential direction of the outer wall of the shell, one end of each long-channel type precombustion chamber jet hole (2) is connected with the inner cavity of the precombustion chamber, and the other end of each long-channel type precombustion chamber jet hole penetrates through the shell (5) and then extends into the main combustion chamber (8); wherein the outlet of the jet hole (2) of the long-channel precombustion chamber extends into the main combustion chamber and reaches the position from one third to one half of the diameter of the main precombustion chamber; the long-channel jet hole faces the tail end of the main combustion chamber, and does not block the movement of an air inlet valve and an air outlet valve.

2. The long-channel precombustion chamber turbulent jet ignition device of claim 1, wherein the long-channel precombustion chamber jet holes (2) are 6 to 8 long-channel jet holes uniformly distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the shell.

3. The long passage prechamber turbulent jet ignition device of claim 1, characterized in that the long passage prechamber turbulent jet ignition device is adapted for an active prechamber structure.

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