CN217639771U - Image combiner and near-to-eye display system - Google Patents
Image combiner and near-to-eye display system Download PDFInfo
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- CN217639771U CN217639771U CN202221787143.8U CN202221787143U CN217639771U CN 217639771 U CN217639771 U CN 217639771U CN 202221787143 U CN202221787143 U CN 202221787143U CN 217639771 U CN217639771 U CN 217639771U
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Abstract
The utility model provides an image combiner and near-to-eye display system, wherein, this image combiner includes: a multifunctional super-surface; the multifunctional super-surface comprises: a vanadium oxide layer; the multifunctional super surface can reflect or transmit incident light according to the excitation applied to the vanadium oxide layer; the ratio of the reflection time to the transmission time is positively correlated to the brightness of the environment in which the image combiner is located. Through the image combiner and the near-to-eye display system provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the wearer can enter a brighter environment from a darker environment or enter the darker environment from the brighter environment without additionally arranging an optical filter with a similar sunglasses function, and the wearer can adapt to the current environment, so that the brightness of the environment seen by the wearer through the multifunctional super-surface can meet the requirement; the image combiner has the advantages of low complexity, light weight, small volume and low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an augmented reality technical field particularly, relates to an image combiner and near-to-eye display system.
Background
An image combiner is an optical element that combines virtual information with a real environment by superimposing projection light on ambient light and generates a projection image. The imaging effect of the image combiner can be generally evaluated with Ambient light Contrast ACR (Ambient Contrast Ratio), and
wherein L is on And L off Respectively representing the luminance (unit: nit) of the projected light in the "on" and "off" states, L am T is the ambient light transmission of the image combiner. For the AR (Augmented Reality) system, the projected image can be seen when ACR reaches 3:1; the image was better recognizable when ACR reached 5:1; the image was well recognizable when ACR reached 10.
However, in the outdoors where sunlight is sufficient (e.g., L) am About 3000 nits), in order to bring ACR to 10, 1, the light intensity (L) of the projected light on ) It is necessary to reach 30,000nits. With current technology, a light source capable of projecting 30,000nits has certain difficulties in both implementation and cost.
Therefore, in order to better obtain the image imaging effect outdoors, a filter with a sunglass-like function is generally required to be added in front of the image combiner to reduce the light intensity of the ambient light; this structure not only increases the complexity, weight, volume and cost of the system; the filter also reduces the luminance (L) of ambient light am ) Thus, in a poorly lit room, the effect of the wearer's observation of the room is reduced, and although the ambient light transmission can be increased by removing the filter, this method still adds trouble to the wearer.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To solve the above problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides an image combiner and a near-to-eye display system.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an image combiner, including: a multifunctional super-surface; the multifunctional super-surface comprises: a vanadium oxide layer; the multifunctional super surface can reflect or transmit incident light according to the excitation applied to the vanadium oxide layer; the ratio of the reflection time to the transmission time is positively correlated to the brightness of the environment in which the image combiner is located.
Optionally, the multifunctional super-surface further comprises: a first electrode layer, a second electrode layer and a heating resistor; the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are transparent in a working waveband; the vanadium oxide layer and the heating resistor are arranged on one side of the second electrode layer, and the projection of the heating resistor and the vanadium oxide layer on the second electrode layer is at least partially non-overlapped; the first electrode layer is arranged on one side, away from the second electrode layer, of the vanadium oxide layer and one side, away from the second electrode layer, of the heating resistor; the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are used for applying the electric excitation to the heating resistor; the heating resistor can change the temperature of the vanadium oxide layer, so that the vanadium oxide layer is in a conductive state or a semi-conductive state at different temperatures.
Optionally, the incident light comprises ambient light and projected light; the multifunctional super surface has an ambient light contrast at least equal to C, where C is greater than or equal to 3.
Optionally, the ambient light contrast is satisfied
And L' 1 ∝R 1 ·L 1 ·t 1 ；L′ 2 ∝T 2 ·L 2 ·t 2 (ii) a Wherein ACR represents the ambient light contrast; l is 1 Representing the brightness of the projected light; r 1 Representing a reflectivity of the multifunctional super-surface reflecting the projected light; t is t 1 Representing the reflection time; l' 1 Representing the brightness of the projected light after reflection by the multifunctional super surface; l is 2 Representing the brightness of the ambient light; t is 2 Representing a transmittance of the multifunctional super-surface to transmit the ambient light; t is t 2 Representing the transmission time; l' 2 Representing the brightness of the ambient light after transmission through the multifunctional super surface.
Optionally, in a case that the brightness of the ambient light is greater than or equal to a first threshold, the reflection time of the multifunctional super surface is greater than the transmission time; the reflection time represents a time that the multifunctional super-surface reflects the projected light, and the transmission time represents a time that the multifunctional super-surface transmits the ambient light; the reflection time of the multifunctional super surface is less than the transmission time in case the brightness of the ambient light is less than or equal to a second threshold; the first threshold is greater than the second threshold.
Optionally, the modulation frequency of the multifunctional super-surface is greater than or equal to twice the lowest frame rate of imaging.
In a second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a near-to-eye display system, including: any one of the image combiner, the relay lens group and the display; the display is to generate projection light, the projection light capable of generating an image; the relay lens group is arranged on the light emitting side of the display and used for projecting the projection light to the multifunctional super surface of the image combiner; the image combiner is used for transmitting or reflecting incident light, and the ratio of the reflection time to the transmission time is in positive correlation with the brightness of the environment where the image combiner is located; the incident light includes the projected light.
Optionally, the near-eye display system further comprises: an environmental brightness meter; the ambient brightness meter is used for acquiring the brightness of the ambient light.
Optionally, the display comprises: a light emitting diode display; the light emitting diode display is used for generating the projection light.
Optionally, the display comprises: an initial light source and an image generator; the initial light source is used for emitting initial light; the image generator is arranged on the light emitting side of the initial light source and used for modulating the initial light to generate the projection light.
Optionally, the initial light source comprises: n monochromatic narrow-band lasers with different central wavelengths and N-1 spectroscopes; n is greater than or equal to 3; after being split by the corresponding spectroscope, the lasers generated by the N-1 monochromatic narrow-band lasers are combined with the laser generated by one monochromatic narrow-band laser which is not split by the spectroscope to generate the initial light, and the light generated by the N monochromatic narrow-band lasers comprises blue light, green light and red light; alternatively, the initial light source comprises: two blue lasers, a fluorescent material turntable and two spectroscopes; one said blue laser for producing blue light; the other blue laser is used for irradiating the fluorescent material turntable to excite and generate two lights with wavelengths larger than the blue light; the blue light and the two lights with the wavelengths larger than the blue light are split by the spectroscope to generate the initial light; alternatively, the initial light source comprises: n monochromatic narrow-band light-emitting diodes with different central wavelengths and N-1 spectroscopes; n is greater than or equal to 3; and the light generated by the N-1 monochromatic narrow-band light-emitting diodes is split by the beam splitter to generate the initial light, and is combined with the light beam generated by one monochromatic narrow-band light-emitting diode which is not split by the beam splitter, and the light generated by the N monochromatic narrow-band light-emitting diodes comprises blue light, green light and red light.
Optionally, the beam splitter comprises a dichroic mirror.
Optionally, the image generator comprises: n digital micromirror devices corresponding to different central wavelengths; and each digital micromirror device processes light with corresponding central wavelength in the initial light according to the information of the image to be projected to obtain the projection light, and the projection light is emitted to the relay lens group.
Optionally, the initial light source further comprises: a beam amplifier; the beam amplifier is used for expanding the initial light.
Optionally, the image generator comprises: a spatial light modulator; the spatial light modulator is arranged on the light emitting side of the beam amplifier and used for processing the expanded initial light to generate the projection light according to the information of the image to be projected and transmitting the projection light to the relay lens group.
Optionally, the relay lens group includes: a light deflecting element; the light beam deflection element is used for changing the light path of the projection light and projecting the projection light to the multifunctional super-surface of the image combiner.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an in the above-mentioned scheme that the first aspect provided, because of the luminance that the multi-functional surperficial can be according to the environment of locating that it has, change the state (like semiconductor attitude or conductor attitude) on wherein vanadium oxide layer to the realization is regulated and control this multi-functional reflection time and the transmission time of surpassing the surface, in order to change this multi-functional reflection time and the transmission time's of surpassing the surface to the incident light ratio, the image combiner that makes to have this multi-functional super surface can adapt to the luminance of its environment of locating. The image combiner can adapt to the current environment under the condition that a wearer enters a brighter environment from a darker environment or enters a darker environment from the brighter environment without additionally arranging an optical filter with a similar sunglass function, so that the brightness of the environment seen by the wearer through the multifunctional super surface can meet the requirement; the image combiner has the advantages of low complexity, light weight, small volume and low cost.
In the embodiment of the present invention, in the scheme provided in the second aspect, the transmission time or the reflection time of the vanadium oxide layer in the image combiner is adjusted according to the brightness of different environments, so as to enhance the ambient light contrast of the near-to-eye display system, so that the wearer can see an adaptive and clear image under any ambient light; in addition, the near-eye display system does not additionally add a filter with a sunglasses-like function, and has the advantages of small weight, small volume and complexity of use of a wearer and simple structure.
In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an image combiner according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another image combiner provided in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a multifunctional super-surface vanadium oxide layer in a first positional relationship with a heating resistor in an image combiner according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a second positional relationship between a multifunctional super-surface vanadium oxide layer and a heating resistor in an image combiner according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of a multifunctional super-surface vanadium oxide layer in a third positional relationship with a heating resistor in an image combiner according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an image combiner, reflecting projection light, provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating an effect of the image combiner provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating the distribution of the transmission time and the reflection time of the multifunctional super-surface in the case that the ratio of the reflection time to the transmission time of the multifunctional super-surface is 5.4;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating the distribution of the transmission time and the reflection time of the multifunctional super-surface in the case that the ratio of the reflection time to the transmission time of the multifunctional super-surface 11 is 27;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a near-eye display system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating another near-eye display system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating a display including a light emitting diode display in a near-eye display system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of another display in the near-eye display system according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a schematic diagram illustrating a near-eye display system provided by an embodiment of the present invention, in which the initial light source includes monochromatic narrowband lasers with N different center wavelengths, and the image generator includes a digital micromirror device;
fig. 15 is a schematic diagram illustrating a near-eye display system provided by an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the initial light source comprises two blue lasers and the image generator comprises a digital micromirror device;
fig. 16 is a schematic diagram illustrating a near-eye display system provided by an embodiment of the present invention, in which the initial light source includes N monochromatic narrow-band light emitting diodes with different center wavelengths, and the image generator includes a digital micromirror device;
fig. 17 is a schematic diagram illustrating a near-eye display system provided by an embodiment of the present invention, in which an initial light source includes monochromatic narrowband lasers with N different center wavelengths and a beam amplifier, and an image generator includes a spatial light modulator;
fig. 18 shows a schematic diagram of a near-eye display system provided by an embodiment of the present invention, in which the initial light source includes two blue lasers and a beam expander, and the image generator includes a spatial light modulator;
fig. 19 is a schematic diagram illustrating a near-eye display system provided by an embodiment of the present invention in which the initial light source includes N monochromatic narrow-band leds with different central wavelengths and a beam amplifier, and the image generator includes a spatial light modulator;
fig. 20 is a schematic diagram illustrating an overall structure of a near-eye display system including a spatial light modulator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Icon:
1-image combiner, 2-relay lens group, 3-display, 4-environment brightness meter, 11-multifunctional super surface, 111-vanadium oxide layer, 112-first electrode layer, 113-second electrode layer, 114-heating resistance, 21-light deflection element, 211-refraction lens, 212-super lens, 213-reflector, 31-LED display, 32-initial light source, 33-image generator, 321-monochromatic narrow-band laser, 322-spectroscope, 323-blue laser, 324-fluorescent material turntable, 325-monochromatic narrow-band LED, 326-beam amplifier, 327-prism, 331-digital micromirror device, 332-spatial light modulator.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and to simplify the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., as being fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an image combiner, it is shown with reference to fig. 1, this image combiner includes: a multifunctional super-surface 11; the multifunctional super surface 11 comprises: a vanadium oxide layer 111; the multifunctional super-surface 11 can reflect or transmit incident light according to the excitation applied to the vanadium oxide layer 111; the ratio of the reflection time to the transmission time is positively correlated to the brightness of the environment in which the image combiner is located.
As shown in fig. 1, the vanadium oxide layer 111 included in the multifunctional super-surface 11 is a structural layer capable of changing its own state according to an applied excitation (such as photo-thermal excitation or electro-thermal excitation), so as to change its function, for example, under the action of an excitation, the vanadium oxide layer 111 can be changed from a semiconductor state to a conductive state, so as to change its function from originally transmitting incident light to reflecting incident light; or, under the action of another excitation, the vanadium oxide layer 111 can also be converted from a conductor state to a semiconductor state, so that the function of the vanadium oxide layer can be changed from originally reflecting incident light to transmitting incident light, and the multifunctional super-surface 11 can realize transflective adjustment. Wherein, the reflection time of the multifunctional super surface 11 represents the duration of the multifunctional super surface 11 reflecting the incident light, i.e. the time of the vanadium oxide layer 111 maintaining the conductive state; the transmission time of the multifunctional super surface 11 represents the time when the multifunctional super surface 11 transmits incident light, i.e. the time when the vanadium oxide layer 111 maintains a semiconductor state. The embodiment of the present invention provides an embodiment, the proportion (i.e. the ratio of reflection time to transmission time) that this multi-functional super surface 11 becomes to the reflection time and the transmission time of incident light is relevant with the luminance of the environment that the image combiner that has this multi-functional super surface 11 is located, specifically, the two has positive correlation's relation. For example, in the case where the image combiner having the multifunctional super surface 11 is located in an environment with a greater brightness, the ratio of the reflection time to the transmission time of the multifunctional super surface 11 is also greater; alternatively, in the case that the brightness of the environment where the image combiner having the multifunctional super surface 11 is located is smaller, the ratio of the reflection time to the transmission time of the multifunctional super surface 11 is also smaller; the embodiment of the utility model provides an in multi-functional surperficial 11, can be according to the luminance size of its environment of locating, its reflection time of adaptability determination and transmission time's ratio.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an image combiner who adopts because of its multi-functional super surface 11 that has can be according to the luminance of the environment of locating, changes wherein vanadium oxide layer 111's state (like semiconductor attitude or conductor attitude) to the realization is regulated and control this multi-functional reflection time and the transmission time of surpassing surface 11, in order to change this multi-functional reflection time and the ratio of transmission time of surpassing surface 11 to the incident light, makes the image combiner who has this multi-functional super surface 11 can adapt to the luminance of its environment of locating. The image combiner can adapt to the current environment under the condition that a wearer enters a brighter environment from a darker environment or enters a darker environment from a brighter environment without additionally arranging an optical filter with a similar sunglass function, so that the brightness of the environment seen by the wearer through the multifunctional super surface can meet the requirement; and when the wearer enters a darker environment from a brighter environment, the image combiner can still adapt to the brightness of the environment, and has the advantages of low complexity, light weight, small volume and low cost.
Optionally, referring to fig. 2, the multifunctional super-surface 11 further comprises: a first electrode layer 112, a second electrode layer 113, and a heating resistor 114; the first electrode layer 112 and the second electrode layer 113 are transparent in the operating band; the vanadium oxide layer 111 and the heating resistor 114 are disposed on one side of the second electrode layer 113, and the projections of the heating resistor 114 and the vanadium oxide layer 111 on the second electrode layer 113 are at least partially non-overlapped; a first electrode layer 112 is arranged on one side of the vanadium oxide layer 111 and the heating resistor 114, which is far away from the second electrode layer 113; the first electrode layer 112 and the second electrode layer 113 are used for applying electric excitation to the heating resistor 114; the heating resistor 114 can change the temperature of the vanadium oxide layer 111, so that the vanadium oxide layer 111 can be in a conductive state or a semiconductor state at different temperatures.
In the image combiner provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the multifunctional super surface 11 can be controlled by electrothermal excitation, that is, the excitation can be a voltage applied to the vanadium oxide layer 111. Referring to fig. 2 (the nano structure of the multifunctional super surface 11 is not shown in fig. 2), in the multifunctional super surface 11, in addition to the vanadium oxide layer 111, a first electrode layer 112 and a second electrode layer 113 are further included, where for the multifunctional super surface 11, both of the electrode layers are structural layers transparent in an operating band, that is, both of the electrode layers have high transmittance for light in the operating band, which is a band of incident light modulated by the multifunctional super surface 11, for example, the operating band may be a visible light band. Furthermore, the material of the first electrode layer 112 and the second electrode layer 113 may be Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), which is suitable for being made into electrode layers and disposed in the multifunctional super-surface 11.
As shown in fig. 2, a vanadium oxide layer 111 and a heating resistor 114 in contact with the first electrode layer 112 and the second electrode layer 113 are disposed between the first electrode layer 112 and the second electrode layer 113, wherein the vanadium oxide layer 111 and the projection of the heating resistor 114 onto the second electrode layer 113 are at least partially non-overlapping, in other words, the vanadium oxide layer 111 and the heating resistor 114 do not completely overlap in a direction perpendicular to the second electrode layer 113 (e.g., an upper side of the second electrode layer 113 in fig. 2). For example, as shown in fig. 3, a heating resistor 114 may be disposed around a side surface of the vanadium oxide layer 111 perpendicular to the second electrode layer 113; alternatively, as shown in fig. 4, a heating resistor 114 may be provided inside the vanadium oxide layer 111; further alternatively, as shown in fig. 5, a plurality of U-shaped heating resistors 114 which are opened in the horizontal direction may be used, the vanadium oxide layer 111 may be surrounded on the side surface of the vanadium oxide layer 111 which is perpendicular to the second electrode layer 113 in a half-surrounded manner, and the vanadium oxide layer 111 and the heating resistors 114 may satisfy the condition that the projection onto the second electrode layer 113 is partially overlapped but not completely overlapped. In this embodiment, the vanadium oxide layer 111 and the heating resistor 114 may be disposed in a specific manner as long as the projections of the two on the surface of the second electrode layer 113 are not completely overlapped. The embodiment of the utility model provides a only need make vanadium oxide layer 111 and heating resistor 114 be the at least partially non-overlapping condition to the projection on the second electrode layer 113, alright can make the incident light of inciting into this multi-functional surperficial 11 can not be because of heating resistor 114 blocks and can't inject vanadium oxide layer 111, guaranteed that heating resistor 114 can not separate vanadium oxide layer 111 and the incident light of inciting into this multi-functional surperficial 11.
The first electrode layer 112 and the second electrode layer 113 can apply a voltage (i.e., excite) to the heating resistor 114 therebetween, for example, the input voltage of the first electrode layer 112 is V 1 The input voltage of the second electrode layer 113 is V 2 At this time, the voltage received by the heating resistor 114 can be represented as Δ V, and Δ V = | V 1 -V 2 L. In the embodiment of the present invention, since the heating resistor 114 can change its temperature according to the received voltage, the temperature of the vanadium oxide layer 111 can be affected, so that the temperature of the vanadium oxide layer 111 changes correspondingly; therefore, when the temperature of the vanadium oxide layer 111 is increased from less than a certain threshold to the threshold (e.g., 68 degrees), the vanadium oxide layer 111 can be converted from a semiconductor state to a conductive state. That is, when the temperature of the vanadium oxide layer 111 is lower than the threshold value, the vanadium oxide layer 111 is in a semiconductor state, and when the temperature of the vanadium oxide layer 111 is higher than the threshold value, the vanadium oxide layer 111 is in a conductor state.
As shown in fig. 2, when the vanadium oxide layer 111 is in a semiconductor state, for example, incident light entering from the side of the second electrode layer 113 away from the vanadium oxide layer 111 (incident light entering from the bottom to the top in fig. 2, or incident light entering from the side of the image combiner away from the pupil of the wearer) can pass through the vanadium oxide layer 111 and exit from the side of the first electrode layer 112 away from the vanadium oxide layer 111 (the upper side of the first electrode layer 112 in fig. 2, or, for example, the side of the image combiner close to the pupil of the wearer), where the incident light entering the vanadium oxide layer 111 is shown by a solid line in fig. 2 and the incident light exiting from the vanadium oxide layer 111 is shown by a dotted line; as shown in fig. 6, when the vanadium oxide layer 111 is in a conductive state, for example, incident light entering from the side of the first electrode layer 112 away from the vanadium oxide layer 111 can be reflected on the surface of the vanadium oxide layer 111, and in fig. 6, the incident light entering the vanadium oxide layer 111 is shown by a solid line, and the incident light reflected by the vanadium oxide layer 111 is shown by a dotted line. In the case where the multifunctional super-surface 11 can transmit incident light (i.e., in the case where the vanadium oxide layer 111 is in a semiconductor state), the incident light respectively entering from both sides of the multifunctional super-surface 11 can be transmitted by the multifunctional super-surface 11 (e.g., the vanadium oxide layer 111), and fig. 2 shows the case where the incident light enters the multifunctional super-surface 11 from only one side thereof; similarly, in the case where the multifunctional super-surface 11 can reflect incident light (i.e. in the case where the vanadium oxide layer 111 is in a conductive state), the incident light respectively entering from both sides of the multifunctional super-surface 11 can be reflected by the multifunctional super-surface 11 (such as the vanadium oxide layer 111), and only the case where the incident light enters the multifunctional super-surface 11 from one side is shown in fig. 6.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a multi-functional super surface 11 can change the temperature on this vanadium oxide layer 111 through exerting voltage, and then change the state on this vanadium oxide layer 111 to the realization is reflected the incident light and is switched between two kinds of different functions of transmission.
Optionally, the incident light comprises ambient light and projected light; the ambient light contrast of the multifunctional super surface 11 is at least equal to C, which is greater than or equal to 3.
Wherein the ambient light may represent ambient light of an environment in which the image combiner is currently located, for example, in a case where the image combiner is located outdoors, the ambient light may be outdoor natural light (such as sunlight); in the case where the image combiner is indoors, the ambient light may be indoor natural light (e.g., indoor lighting, etc.); when the ambient light is incident on the image combiner as incident light, a wearer looking at the image combiner can see the outdoor environment through the image combiner within his field of view. The projection light included in the incident light is an imaging light beam capable of generating an image, and when the projection light is incident on the image combiner as incident light, the image formed by the projection light can be seen by a wearer watching the image combiner. In the case that the vanadium oxide layer 111 of the multifunctional super surface 11 is in a conductive state, the multifunctional super surface 11 can reflect the incident ambient light (the ambient light incident into the multifunctional super surface 11 from top to bottom as shown in fig. 7) and the projection light (the projection light incident upward from the lower side of the multifunctional super surface as shown in fig. 7) so that the ambient light is reflected to a side away from the pupil of the wearer watching the multifunctional super surface 11 (image combiner), i.e. the ambient light cannot penetrate through the multifunctional super surface 11 and cannot enter the human eye (not shown in fig. 7); and the reflected projected light can be directed towards the side of the pupil of the wearer looking at the multifunctional super surface 11 (image combiner), i.e. into the human eye. Moreover, in the case that the vanadium oxide layer 111 of the multifunctional super surface 11 is in a semiconductor state, the multifunctional super surface 11 can transmit the incident ambient light (the ambient light incident on the multifunctional super surface 11 from top to bottom as shown in fig. 7) and the projection light (the projection light incident from the lower side of the multifunctional super surface to top as shown in fig. 7) so that the projection light is transmitted to the side away from the pupil of the wearer watching the multifunctional super surface 11 (image combiner), i.e. the projection light will transmit through the multifunctional super surface 11 and cannot be incident on the human eye (not shown in fig. 7); while the transmitted ambient light can be directed towards the side of the pupil of the wearer looking at the multifunctional super surface 11 (image combiner), i.e. into the human eye.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the ambient light contrast (as a measure for evaluating the imaging effect of the multifunctional super-surface 11) of the multifunctional super-surface 11 (i.e. the image combiner) may be at least equal to C, and the value range of C is [3, + ∞ ], for example, C may be equal to 3, 5, or 10, i.e. the ambient contrast is at least equal to 3, 5, or 10, etc.; and the higher the ambient light contrast of the multifunctional super-surface 11 (i.e. the image combiner) is, the better the projection effect of the multifunctional super-surface 11 (the image combiner) on the projection light is, and the better the effect of the projection light on the image formed by the multifunctional super-surface 11 is (e.g. the image is clearer). Preferably, the imaging effect of the image combiner is best in case C is at least equal to 10.
Optionally, the ambient light contrast is satisfied
And L' 1 ∝R 1 ·L 1 ·t 1 ；L′ 2 ∝T 2 ·L 2 ·t 2 (ii) a Wherein ACR represents ambient light contrast; l is 1 Representing the brightness of the projected light; r 1 Representing the reflectivity of the multifunctional super-surface 11 reflecting the projected light; t is t 1 Represents the reflection time; l' 1 Represents the brightness of the projected light after reflection by the multifunctional super surface 11; l is 2 Represents the brightness of ambient light; t is 2 Represents the transmittance of the multifunctional meta-surface 11 through ambient light; t is t 2 Represents the transmission time; l' 2 Representing the brightness of the ambient light after transmission through the multifunctional super surface 11.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the ambient light contrast of the image combiner with the multifunctional super surface 11 can be represented by ACR, and specifically can be represented by the formula
The ambient light contrast of the multifunctional super surface 11 is calculated. Wherein, L' 1 L 'represents the brightness of the projection light reflected by the multifunctional super surface 11 when the multifunctional super surface 11 reflects the incident light' 1 Is the brightness of the projected light after loss; l' 2 Indicating the brightness of the ambient light transmitted by the multifunctional super surface 11 in case the multifunctional super surface 11 transmits incident light; furthermore, according to L' 1 And L' 2 Respectively satisfy relational expression L' 1 ∝R 1 ·L 1 ·t 1 And L' 2 ∝T 2 ·L 2 ·t 2 Therefore, the following steps are carried out: luminance L 'of projection light reflected by the multifunctional super surface 11' 1 Proportional to its reflectivity R to the projection light 1 The brightness L of the projection light 1 And a time when the projection light is reflected (reflection time); likewise, the luminance L 'of the ambient light transmitted by the multifunctional super surface 11' 2 Proportional to its transmittance T to the ambient light 2 Brightness L of the ambient light 2 And the time the ambient light is transmitted (transmission time); therefore, canThe three formulas are further processed to obtain a combined formula:
because of the reflectivity R of the multifunctional super surface 11 to the projection light 1 And its transmittance to ambient light T 2 Therefore, by combining the above-mentioned merging formula, the contrast ratio of the ambient light of the multifunctional super-surface 11 to the reflection time of the projection light, the ratio of the transmission time of the projection light to the reflection time of the multifunctional super-surface 11 to the ambient light, and the brightness of the ambient light are all in a positive correlation relationship, so that the ratio of the reflection time to the transmission time of the multifunctional super-surface 11 (such as the distribution condition, the proportion, and the like of the two) can be determined through the contrast ratio of the ambient light and the brightness of the ambient light, and thus the image combiner can adapt to the brightness of the current environment by adjusting the ratio distribution of the reflection time to the transmission time, and an image generated by the projection light can be clearer.
For example, when the embodiments of the present invention are used in an ideal operating condition, the reflectivity R of the multifunctional super surface 11 to the projection light 1 And its transmittance to ambient light T 2 May be equal to 1, i.e. the multifunctional super surface 11 may be totally reflective or totally transmissive for incident light. In this case, if the brightness of the projection light is 5000nits; at this time, if the brightness of the ambient light is 3000nits (if the image combiner is located outdoors), if the wearer is to see a clear image formed by the projection light in the environment (outdoors), the ambient light contrast ACR = C =10 of the image combiner, and the ratio of the reflection time of the image combiner to the transmission time of the projection light to the ambient light, that is, the ratio of the reflection time to the transmission time of the multifunctional super-surface 11 (distribution condition) is 5.4 in the current environment (outdoors) based on the above-mentioned combination formula, that is, in the case that the ambient light is 3000nits, the multifunctional super-surface 11 transmits 1 part of the ambient light for every 5.4 parts of the projection light reflected by the multifunctional super-surface 11.
Alternatively, if the brightness of the ambient light is 150nits (for example, the image combiner is located indoors), if the wearer is to see an image with proper brightness generated by the projection light in the environment (indoors), the ambient light contrast ACR = C =10 of the image combiner, and based on the above-mentioned merging formula, the ratio of the reflection time of the image combiner to the projection light to the transmission time of the projection light to the ambient light, that is, the ratio of the reflection time to the transmission time of the multifunctional super-surface 11 (distribution case) is 27 in the current environment (indoors), that is, in the case of 150nits, each time 27 parts of projection light are reflected by the multifunctional super-surface 11, the corresponding 100 parts of ambient light are transmitted.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a based on the ambient light contrast of this image combiner and the luminance of the environment of present locating (the luminance of ambient light) and projection light, can confirm the ratio of reflection time and transmission time to can distribute this multi-functional reflection time and the transmission time that surpasss surface 11 according to this ratio, thereby realize the function along with the luminance adjustment reflection time and the transmission time of ambient light.
Alternatively, in the case where the brightness of the ambient light is greater than or equal to the first threshold value, the reflection time of the multifunctional super surface 11 is greater than the transmission time; the reflection time represents the time that the multifunctional super surface 11 reflects the projection light, and the transmission time represents the time that the multifunctional super surface 11 transmits the ambient light; in the case where the brightness of the ambient light is less than or equal to the second threshold value, the reflection time of the multifunctional super surface 11 is less than the transmission time; the first threshold is greater than the second threshold.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the first threshold and the second threshold are both values for representing the brightness of the ambient light, the first threshold is greater than the second threshold, for example, the first threshold may be 3000, and the second threshold may be 150, that is, the first threshold is used to specify the higher brightness of the ambient light (for example, outdoors), and the second threshold is used to specify the lower brightness of the ambient light (for example, indoors). Wherein, under the circumstances of the luminance of ambient light satisfies first threshold value, when the luminance of this ambient light is greater than or equal to this first threshold value promptly, the luminance that represents the environment that this image combiner is located is higher, the embodiment of the utility model provides a to this circumstances, can improve this multi-functional surperficial 11 reflection time that surpasses, make its reflection time be greater than the transmission time to improve this multi-functional surperficial 11 ambient light contrast, and then make the produced image of this projection light can also comparatively clear under the higher circumstances of luminance of ambient light. And under the circumstances of the luminance of ambient light is less than or equal to the second threshold value, the luminance that shows the environment that this image combiner is located is lower, the embodiment of the utility model provides a to this condition, can improve this multi-functional surperficial 11 transmission time that surpasses, make its transmission time be greater than reflection time to improve this multi-functional surperficial 11 transmission ambient light's proportion of occupying, and then make this image combiner under the lower circumstances of luminance of ambient light, like darker illumination indoor, can make the external environment that ambient light appears and the image that this projection light is formed more the adaptation, make the person of wearing look and feel more comfortable.
Optionally, the modulation frequency of the multifunctional super-surface 11 is greater than or equal to twice the lowest frame rate of imaging.
In the embodiment of the present invention, in order to enable the wearer watching the image combiner to watch smooth continuous images, the ambient light and the projection light perceived by the wearer need to be continuous and without pause, and in order to present the above effect, the modulation frequency of the multifunctional super-surface 11 (such as the number of times that the image combiner switches transmission or reflection within 1 second) is at least twice the lowest frame frequency of the image, and the lowest frame frequency of the image can also be interpreted as the lowest display frame rate when the image does not have pause. For example, in general, if the human eye is to view a continuous and non-stop image, the display frame rate of the image combiner may be 30Hz (30 projected images per second), i.e. the lowest frame rate of the image formed by the image combiner is 30Hz, for example, the lowest frame rate of the image formed by the ambient light or the projection light is 30Hz, so the modulation frequency of the multifunctional super-surface 11 should be greater than or equal to 60Hz (30 Hz projection light +30Hz ambient light).
For example, the image combiner projects 30 images per second, so the image combiner takes 33.3ms per 1 image projected; referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 shows a schematic diagram of the distribution of the transmission time and the reflection time of the multifunctional super-surface 11 when the ratio of the reflection time to the transmission time (distribution) of the multifunctional super-surface 11 is 5.4; in FIG. 8, the horizontal axis represents the time axis, and the multifunctional super-surface 11 switches to reflecting projection light every 5.2ms (i.e. 1 part) of the transmitted ambient light, and the time period for reflecting the projection light is 28.1ms (5.4 parts), and switches back to transmitting ambient light in a recycling manner to project 1 image in 33.3ms, so that the wearer can view a smooth continuous image; alternatively, referring to fig. 9, fig. 9 shows a schematic diagram of the distribution of the transmission time and the reflection time of the multifunctional super-surface 11 when the ratio of the reflection time to the transmission time of the multifunctional super-surface 11 (distribution condition) is 27; in fig. 9, the horizontal axis represents the time axis, and the multifunctional super-surface 11 switches to reflect projection light every time it transmits 26.2ms (i.e. 100 parts) of ambient light, and the time period for reflecting the projection light is 7.1ms (27 parts), and switches back to transmit ambient light in a recycling manner to project 1 image in 33.3ms, so that the wearer can watch a smooth continuous image.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a near-to-eye display system is still provided, see that fig. 10 is shown, this near-to-eye display system includes: any one of the image combiner 1, the relay lens group 2 and the display 3; the display 3 is used for generating projection light, which can generate an image; the relay lens group 2 is arranged on the light-emitting side of the display 3 and is used for projecting the projection light to the multifunctional super surface 11 of the image combiner 1; the image combiner 1 is used for transmitting or reflecting incident light, and the ratio of the reflection time to the transmission time is in positive correlation with the brightness of the environment where the image combiner is located; the incident light includes projected light.
As shown in fig. 10, the near-to-eye display system can be applied to wearable devices such as MR/AR glasses, wherein the display 3 and the relay lens group 2 can be disposed at the temple position of the glasses frame, the image combiner 1 can be disposed at the lens position of the glasses frame, the relay lens group 2 is disposed between the display 3 and the image combiner 1, and the relay lens group 2 can be utilized to adjust the optical path direction of the projection light. Wherein the projected light (shown in solid lines in fig. 10) is a light beam generated by the display 3, the projected light being used to generate an image; the relay lens group 2 is disposed on the light-emitting side of the display 3, so that the projection light emitted from the display 3 can enter the relay lens group 2 and be emitted to the image combiner 1 at the lens position through the relay lens group 2. Specifically, the projection light is emitted to the multifunctional super-surface 11 in the image combiner 1, and the multifunctional super-surface 11 can change the state of the vanadium oxide layer 111 contained therein according to the brightness of the environment, such as converting the vanadium oxide layer 111 from a conductor state to a semiconductor state, so that the multifunctional super-surface 11 can be switched from an operating state of reflecting incident light to an operating state of transmitting incident light; alternatively, the multifunctional super surface 11 may convert the vanadium oxide layer 111 from a semiconductor state to a conductive state, and the multifunctional super surface 11 may be capable of switching from an operating state in which incident light is transmitted to an operating state in which incident light is reflected. The ratio of the reflection time to the transmission time can be in a positive correlation with the brightness of the environment where the image combiner is located, and if the brightness of the environment is higher, the ratio of the reflection time to the transmission time of the multifunctional super-surface 11 is larger, that is, the duration of reflecting the projection light is longer; alternatively, the lower the brightness of the environment, the smaller the ratio of the reflection time to the transmission time of the multifunctional super-surface 11, i.e., the shorter the period of time for which the projection light is reflected.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a near-to-eye display system, according to the luminance of different environment that is located, adjust the transmission time or the reflection time of vanadium oxide layer 111 in the image combiner 1, for example can regularly change the operating condition (transmission or reflection) of this image combiner 1 for can satisfy the relation that reflection time is greater than the transmission time daytime, or satisfy the relation that reflection time is less than the transmission time night, so as to strengthen this near-to-eye display system's ambient light contrast, thereby make the person of wearing can see adaptation and clear image under any ambient light; in addition, the near-eye display system does not additionally add a filter with a sunglasses-like function, and has the advantages of small weight, small volume and complexity of use of a wearer and simple structure.
Optionally, referring to fig. 11, the near-eye display system further includes: an environmental brightness meter 4; the ambient brightness meter 4 is used to acquire the brightness of the ambient light.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an in, can adopt environment luminometer 4 to acquire the concrete luminance of the current environment of locating of this nearly eye display system for this image combiner 1 can be according to this environment light luminance, and the looks interconversion between conductor state and semiconductor state makes its reflection time to the projection light and to the transmittance time's of environment light ratio, can increase and the grow along with the luminance of the environment light that this environment luminometer 4 acquireed, or reduces and diminishes along with the luminance of the environment light that this environment luminometer 4 acquireed. The embodiment of the utility model provides a can acquire the luminance of current environment of locating according to environmental brightness meter 4 to confirm the ratio of reflection time and transmission time.
Alternatively, referring to fig. 12, the display 3 includes: a light emitting diode display 31; the light emitting diode display 31 is used to generate projection light.
Among them, the display 3 may be a light emitting diode display 31, which may be, for example, a micro light emitting diode display (micro led), or a micro light emitting diode display (micro led) array, to generate projection light; the embodiment of the present invention selects the above-mentioned led display 31 as the display 3, the main stream brightness of which is 10,000nits, the whole structure is smaller, which belongs to a micro display, and is more suitable for the near-to-eye display system.
Alternatively, referring to fig. 13, the display 3 includes: an initial light source 32 and an image generator 33; the primary light source 32 is for emitting primary light; the image generator 33 is provided on the light emitting side of the original light source 32, and modulates the original light to generate projection light. The primary light generated by the primary light source 32 may be light with multiple wavelengths, so that after the primary light is emitted to the image generator 33, the projection light obtained by further modulation is also polychromatic light.
Alternatively, referring to fig. 14, the initial light source 32 includes: n monochromatic narrow-band lasers 321 of different center wavelengths and N-1 beam splitters 322; n is greater than or equal to 3; the laser light generated by the N-1 monochromatic narrowband lasers 321 is split by the corresponding beam splitter 322 and then combined with the laser light generated by one monochromatic narrowband laser 321 that is not split by the beam splitter 322 to generate the initial light, and the light generated by the N monochromatic narrowband lasers 321 includes blue light, green light and red light.
There are N lasers capable of emitting monochromatic narrowband laser light in the initial light source 32, and the color of the laser light that can be emitted by each monochromatic narrowband laser 321 is different (e.g., the wavelength is different), so that the near-eye display system is a compound-color near-eye display system. The primary light source 32 further includes N-1 dichroic mirrors 322 (N-1) corresponding to the N-1 narrow-band monochromatic lasers 321, each dichroic mirror 322 being capable of splitting the light generated by the corresponding narrow-band monochromatic laser 321 (N-1) and combining the split light with the monochromatic laser light emitted by a narrow-band monochromatic laser 321 that is not split by any dichroic mirror 322 to obtain the primary light; as shown in fig. 14, the light beam emitted from the monochromatic narrowband laser 321 can be directly emitted to the light-emitting side of the primary light source 32, and forms primary light with the light beams respectively split by the beam splitter 322. For example, referring to fig. 14, the primary light source 32 includes three monochromatic narrow-band lasers 321, the three monochromatic narrow-band lasers 321 being used to emit blue laser light, green laser light, and red laser light, respectively; alternatively, the beam splitter 322 includes a dichroic mirror, that is, the two beam splitters 322 disposed opposite to the two monochromatic narrowband lasers 321 may be dichroic mirrors capable of reflecting light with corresponding wavelengths to be reflected and transmitting light with corresponding wavelengths to be transmitted. Wherein, the central wavelength of the blue laser is 450nm, the bandwidth is 2nm, and the ratio of the bandwidth to the central wavelength is 0.44%; the central wavelength of the green laser is 525nm, the bandwidth is 2nm, and the ratio of the bandwidth to the central wavelength is 0.38%; the center wavelength of the red laser is 635nm, the bandwidth is 1nm, and the ratio of the bandwidth to the center wavelength is 0.16%.
Alternatively, referring to fig. 15, the initial light source 32 includes: two blue lasers 323, a fluorescent material turntable 324 and two beam splitters 322; a blue laser 323 for producing blue light; another blue laser 323 is used to illuminate the phosphor turntable 324 to excite the generation of two lights with wavelengths longer than blue; the blue light and the two lights with wavelengths greater than the blue light are split by the beam splitter 322 to generate the primary light.
The two blue lasers 323 included in the initial light source 32 are lasers capable of emitting blue laser light. Two beam splitters 322 are sequentially arranged on the light-emitting side of one blue laser 323, and a fluorescent material turntable 324 is arranged on the light-emitting side of the other blue laser 323. As shown in fig. 15, the beam splitter 322 can be a dichroic mirror as required; the beam splitter 322 close to the corresponding blue laser 323 can transmit the laser with the wavelength of blue light and reflect the laser (such as green laser) with the wavelength longer than that of blue light; the beam splitter 322, which is far away from the blue laser 323, can transmit the laser beam with the wavelength of blue light and the laser beam with the wavelength of green light, and reflect the laser beam with the wavelength longer than the wavelength of green light (such as the red laser).
In the embodiment of the present invention, the blue laser 323 correspondingly provided with the two spectroscopes 322 is used for generating blue laser, and the blue laser is emitted from the last spectroscope 322 in the form of narrow-band light after being split by the two spectroscopes 322. Another blue laser 323 directs the emitted blue laser light toward a phosphor carousel 324 to excite laser light of other colors (e.g., red and green). The laser lights of other colors are split by the beam splitter 322 and emitted, and finally the primary light (e.g., the mixed light of the laser lights with three colors) is emitted from the beam splitter 322 disposed at the last position of the primary light source 32 (e.g., near the light emitting side of the primary light source 32). The initial light source 32 has the fluorescent material turntable 324, so that the number of monochromatic light sources (such as the blue laser 323) can be reduced, the cost is saved, and the whole structure is lighter, thinner and more compact.
Alternatively, referring to fig. 16, the initial light source 32 includes: n monochromatic narrow-band leds 325 of different center wavelengths and N-1 dichroic mirrors 322; n is greater than or equal to 3; the light generated by the N-1 monochromatic narrow-band leds 325 is split by the beam splitter 322 to generate primary light, which is combined with the light beam generated by one monochromatic narrow-band led 325 that is not split by the beam splitter 322, and the light generated by the N monochromatic narrow-band leds 325 includes blue light, green light, and red light.
Among the initial light sources 32, there are N light sources capable of emitting monochromatic narrow-band ordinary light, and the colors of the ordinary light capable of being emitted by the N monochromatic narrow-band light emitting diodes 325 are different (for example, the wavelengths of the emitted ordinary light are different), so that the near-eye display system is a compound-color near-eye display system. The primary light source 32 further includes N-1 dichroic mirrors 322 (N-1) capable of corresponding to the N-1 monochromatic narrow-band leds 325 one to one, each dichroic mirror 322 is capable of splitting the light generated by the corresponding monochromatic narrow-band leds 325 (N-1), and combining the split light with a monochromatic light beam directly emitted by a monochromatic narrow-band led 325 that is not split by any dichroic mirror 322, so as to obtain the primary light; as shown in fig. 16, the light beams emitted by the monochromatic narrow-band leds 325 can be directly emitted to the light-emitting side of the primary light source 32, and form primary light with the light beams respectively split by the beam splitter 322. For example, referring to FIG. 16, the primary light source 32 includes three single color narrow band light emitting diodes 325, the three single color narrow band light emitting diodes 325 being for emitting blue, green, and red light, respectively; the two dichroic mirrors 322 arranged with respect to the two monochromatic narrow-band leds 325 may be dichroic mirrors as desired.
Alternatively, referring to fig. 14 to 16, the image generator 33 includes: n digital micromirror devices 331 corresponding to different center wavelengths; each of the digital micromirror devices 331 processes light having a corresponding center wavelength in the initial light according to information of an image to be projected, obtains projection light, and directs the projection light to the relay lens group 2.
The image generator 33 includes N Digital Micromirror devices 331 (DMD), which can receive the primary light, and it should be noted that fig. 14 to 16 respectively show one Digital Micromirror Device 331 for all the Digital Micromirror devices 331 in the embodiment. For example, the number of the digital micro-mirror devices 331 included is the same as the number of the monochromatic narrow-band lasers 321 (or the monochromatic narrow-band light emitting diodes 325), and each digital micro-mirror device 331 corresponds to a narrow-band light with a central wavelength, such as a blue laser (or a normal blue light), a green laser (or a normal green light), or a red laser (or a normal red light). The embodiment of the present invention provides an embodiment, can be according to image information (like the information of the image that will project), the lens deflection of the corresponding position in the control digital micromirror device 331, according to time sequence or in the initial light that will jet into in proportion, the narrow-band light (like blue laser/ordinary blue light, green laser/ordinary green glow or red laser/ordinary ruddiness) that corresponds the central wavelength reflects away in proper order, make the light that reflects can form the projection light, and with this projection light reflection to the relay group 2 in this near-to-eye display system, and the display 3 that has this digital micromirror device 331 is the display based on actual image source. A prism 327 may be disposed on the light-emitting side of the dmd 331 for turning and splitting the primary light emitted from the primary light source 32.
Alternatively, referring to fig. 17 to 19, the initial light source 32 further includes: a beam expander 326; the beam expander 326 is used to expand the primary light.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an among the near-to-eye display system, all can include beam amplifier 326 in its initial light source 32, set up at this initial light source 32's final position (as initial light source 32 position that is closest to its light-emitting side) for expand the initial light, obtain the initial light more suitable for this near-to-eye display system.
Alternatively, referring to fig. 20, the image generator 33 includes: the spatial light modulator 332; the spatial light modulator 332 is disposed on the light emitting side of the beam amplifier 326, and is configured to process the expanded initial light to generate projection light according to information of an image to be projected, and transmit the projection light to the relay lens group 2.
The spatial light modulator 332 is a device capable of loading information (e.g., depth information) onto one or two-dimensional optical data fields to effectively utilize the inherent speed, parallelism, and interconnection capabilities of the light. In the embodiment of the present invention, the spatial light modulator 332 is disposed on the light-emitting side of the beam amplifier 326, as shown in fig. 20, fig. 20 is an overall schematic diagram of a near-to-eye display system including the spatial light modulator 332; the spatial light modulator 332 can perform wavefront modulation (e.g., calculate and load an image with depth information) on the expanded primary light incident thereon, and emit projection light, so that the emitted projection light can be directed to the relay lens group 2. The spatial light modulator 332 may include a liquid crystal spatial light modulator, or a spatial light modulator based on a super-surface, and the near-eye display system may be further slimmer and have a simple structure by using the spatial light modulator 332 based on the super-surface. In the embodiment of the present invention, the projection light generated by the spatial light modulator 332 can generate a clear three-dimensional image, that is, the display 3 is a display system based on holographic display.
Alternatively, referring to fig. 10, the relay optical group 2 includes: a light deflecting element 21; the light deflecting element 21 is used to alter the optical path of the projected light and project the projected light onto the multifunctional super-surface 11 of the image combiner 1.
In the embodiment of the utility model provides an in, when wearable equipment such as AR glasses is applied to this near-to-eye display system, because wearable equipment is limited in size, for effectively utilizing this wearable equipment's structural framework, can utilize light deflection element 21 to adjust the projection light that display 3 sent. For example, as shown in FIG. 10, the light deflecting element 21 may include a refractive lens 211 and/or a superlens 212, or may further include a mirror 213 to enable adjustment of the imaging light to change the optical path of the projected light to be directed into the multifunctional super-surface 11 of the image combiner 1 that is not coaxially disposed with the display 3; alternatively, the light beam deflecting element 21 is also a 4f mirror group, which can realize the function of magnifying and projecting the image formed by the projection light and optimize all the optical aberrations in the visible light band.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of the technical solutions of the changes or replacements within the technical scope of the present invention, and all should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (16)
1. An image combiner, comprising: a multifunctional super-surface (11); the multifunctional super surface (11) comprises: a vanadium oxide layer (111);
the multifunctional super surface (11) can reflect or transmit incident light according to the excitation applied to the vanadium oxide layer (111); the ratio of the reflection time to the transmission time is positively correlated with the brightness of the environment in which the image combiner is located.
2. The image combiner according to claim 1, characterized in that the multifunctional super surface (11) further comprises: a first electrode layer (112), a second electrode layer (113), and a heating resistor (114); the first electrode layer (112) and the second electrode layer (113) are transparent in an operating band;
the vanadium oxide layer (111) and the heating resistor (114) are arranged on one side of the second electrode layer (113), and the projection of the heating resistor (114) and the vanadium oxide layer (111) on the second electrode layer (113) is at least partially non-overlapped; the first electrode layer (112) is arranged on one side, away from the second electrode layer (113), of the vanadium oxide layer (111) and the heating resistor (114); the first electrode layer (112) and the second electrode layer (113) are used for applying electric excitation to the heating resistor (114); the heating resistor (114) can change the temperature of the vanadium oxide layer (111) to enable the vanadium oxide layer (111) to be in a conductive state or a semi-conductive state at different temperatures.
3. The image combiner of claim 1 or 2, wherein the incident light comprises ambient light and projected light; the ambient light contrast of the multifunctional super surface (11) is at least equal to C, C being greater than or equal to 3.
4. The image combiner of claim 3, wherein the ambient light contrast is satisfied
And L' 1 ∝R 1 ·L 1 ·t 1 ；L′ 2 ∝T 2 ·L 2 ·t 2 ；
Wherein ACR represents the ambient light contrast; l is 1 Representing the brightness of the projected light; r 1 Representing said multiple functionsA reflectivity capable of reflecting the projected light by the super surface (11); t is t 1 Representing the reflection time; l' 1 Representing the brightness of the projected light after reflection by the multifunctional super surface (11); l is 2 Representing the brightness of the ambient light; t is 2 Represents the transmittance of said multifunctional meta-surface (11) for transmitting said ambient light; t is t 2 Representing the transmission time; l' 2 Representing the brightness of the ambient light after transmission through the multifunctional super surface (11).
5. An image combiner according to claim 3, characterized in that in case the brightness of the ambient light is greater than or equal to a first threshold value, the reflection time of the multifunctional super surface (11) is greater than the transmission time; the reflection time represents a time when the multi-functional super surface (11) reflects the projected light, and the transmission time represents a time when the multi-functional super surface (11) transmits the ambient light;
-in case the brightness of said ambient light is less than or equal to a second threshold value, said reflection time of said multifunctional super surface (11) is less than said transmission time; the first threshold is greater than the second threshold.
6. The image combiner according to claim 4, characterized in that the modulation frequency of the multifunctional super surface (11) is greater than or equal to twice the lowest frame rate of imaging.
7. A near-eye display system, comprising: -an image combiner (1), a set of relay lenses (2) and a display (3) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 6;
the display (3) is for generating projection light, which is capable of generating an image;
the relay lens group (2) is arranged on the light emitting side of the display (3) and used for projecting the projection light to the multifunctional super surface (11) of the image combiner (1);
the image combiner (1) is used for transmitting or reflecting incident light, and the ratio of the reflection time to the transmission time is positively correlated with the brightness of the environment where the image combiner is located; the incident light includes the projected light.
8. The near-eye display system of claim 7 further comprising: an environmental brightness meter (4); the ambient brightness meter (4) is used for acquiring the brightness of the ambient light.
9. A near-eye display system according to any of claims 7-8 wherein the display (3) comprises: a light emitting diode display (31); the light emitting diode display (31) is used for generating the projection light.
10. A near-eye display system according to any of claims 7-8 wherein the display (3) comprises: an initial light source (32) and an image generator (33);
the primary light source (32) is for emitting primary light;
the image generator (33) is arranged on the light emitting side of the initial light source (32) and used for modulating the initial light and generating the projection light.
11. A near-eye display system as claimed in claim 10 wherein the initial light source (32) comprises: n monochromatic narrow-band lasers (321) with different center wavelengths and N-1 beam splitters (322); n is greater than or equal to 3;
after being split by a corresponding beam splitter (322), the laser generated by the N-1 monochromatic narrow-band lasers (321) is combined with the laser generated by one monochromatic narrow-band laser (321) which is not split by the beam splitter (322) to generate the initial light, and the light generated by the N monochromatic narrow-band lasers (321) comprises blue light, green light and red light;
alternatively, the initial light source (32) comprises: two blue lasers (323), a fluorescent material turntable (324) and two beam splitters (322);
one said blue laser (323) for producing blue light; another blue laser (323) for illuminating the phosphor carousel (324) to excite generation of two wavelengths of light greater than the blue light;
the blue light and the two lights with the wavelength larger than the blue light are split by the beam splitter (322) to generate the initial light;
alternatively, the initial light source (32) comprises: n monochromatic narrow-band light emitting diodes (325) of different center wavelengths and N-1 beam splitters (322); n is greater than or equal to 3;
the initial light is generated after the light generated by the N-1 monochromatic narrow-band light-emitting diodes (325) is split by the beam splitter (322) and is combined with the light beam generated by one monochromatic narrow-band light-emitting diode (325) which is not split by the beam splitter (322), and the light generated by the N monochromatic narrow-band light-emitting diodes (325) comprises blue light, green light and red light.
12. The near-to-eye display system of claim 11 wherein the beam splitter (322) comprises a dichroic mirror.
13. The near-eye display system of claim 11 wherein the image generator (33) comprises: a digital micromirror device (331) corresponding to the N different center wavelengths;
each digital micro-mirror device (331) processes light with a corresponding center wavelength in the initial light according to information of the image to be projected to obtain the projection light, and the projection light is emitted to the relay lens group (2).
14. The near-eye display system of claim 11 wherein the initial light source (32) further comprises: a beam expander (326); the beam expander (326) is configured to expand the primary light.
15. The near-eye display system of claim 14 wherein the image generator (33) comprises: a spatial light modulator (332);
the spatial light modulator (332) is arranged on the light outgoing side of the beam amplifier (326) and is used for processing the expanded initial light to generate the projection light according to the information of the image to be projected and transmitting the projection light to the relay lens group (2).
16. The near-eye display system of any one of claims 7-8 wherein the relay optics group (2) comprises: a light deflecting element (21); the light ray deflection element (21) is used for changing the optical path of the projection light and projecting the projection light to the multifunctional super-surface (11) of the image combiner (1).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202221787143.8U CN217639771U (en) | 2022-07-12 | 2022-07-12 | Image combiner and near-to-eye display system |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11927769B2 (en) | 2022-03-31 | 2024-03-12 | Metalenz, Inc. | Polarization sorting metasurface microlens array device |
| US11978752B2 (en) | 2019-07-26 | 2024-05-07 | Metalenz, Inc. | Aperture-metasurface and hybrid refractive-metasurface imaging systems |
| US11988844B2 (en) | 2017-08-31 | 2024-05-21 | Metalenz, Inc. | Transmissive metasurface lens integration |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11988844B2 (en) | 2017-08-31 | 2024-05-21 | Metalenz, Inc. | Transmissive metasurface lens integration |
| US11978752B2 (en) | 2019-07-26 | 2024-05-07 | Metalenz, Inc. | Aperture-metasurface and hybrid refractive-metasurface imaging systems |
| US11927769B2 (en) | 2022-03-31 | 2024-03-12 | Metalenz, Inc. | Polarization sorting metasurface microlens array device |
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