CN217522740U - Direct current voltage regulating circuit, circuit board and electrical apparatus - Google Patents

Direct current voltage regulating circuit, circuit board and electrical apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
CN217522740U
CN217522740U CN202220817350.7U CN202220817350U CN217522740U CN 217522740 U CN217522740 U CN 217522740U CN 202220817350 U CN202220817350 U CN 202220817350U CN 217522740 U CN217522740 U CN 217522740U
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unit
voltage
voltage regulating
resistor
capacitor
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杨明
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Shenzhen Topband Co Ltd
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Shenzhen Topband Co Ltd
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Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the circuit, especially, relate to a direct current voltage regulating circuit, circuit board and electrical apparatus, direct current voltage regulating circuit includes: a control unit; a first switching unit connected to an input power supply; the voltage regulating unit is connected with the first switch unit; the second switch unit is respectively connected with the voltage regulating unit and the load unit; the control unit controls the voltage regulating unit and the second switch unit to be closed and controls the first switch unit to be opened, the input power supply charges the voltage regulating unit through the first switch unit, the control unit controls the voltage regulating unit to be opened, and the voltage regulating unit starts voltage regulating work; when the voltage regulating unit reaches the preset voltage, the control unit controls the second switch unit to be started, and the voltage regulating unit supplies power to the load unit through the second switch unit. The whole circuit has high reliability and simple circuit, and the chip does not need too high performance, so the circuit cost can be greatly reduced.

Description

Direct current voltage regulating circuit, circuit board and electrical apparatus
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the circuit, especially, relate to a direct current voltage regulating circuit, circuit board and electrical apparatus.
Background
In a switching power supply, a low voltage input from an external power supply is generally converted into a high voltage by a boost circuit, or the high voltage input from the external power supply is converted into a low voltage by a buck circuit, so as to meet the voltage requirements of different loads. In the conventional voltage boosting circuit or voltage reducing circuit, due to reasons such as overcurrent protection of a chip, a surge condition occurs at the moment of power-on, that is, an overcurrent which is far larger than a steady-state current is generated at the moment of power-on.
In order to solve the problem of surge, a common method adopts a high-performance IC chip, but the high-performance IC chip is higher in price, so that the cost is greatly improved; in addition, a slow-enabling circuit is adopted, but in the voltage regulating process, the IC chip is started to work, so that the reliability is low.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides a direct current voltage regulating circuit aims at solving current anti surge voltage regulating circuit, the lower technical problem of product cost height and reliability.
The utility model discloses a realize like this, provide a direct current voltage regulating circuit, direct current voltage regulating circuit includes:
a control unit;
a first switching unit connected to an input power supply;
the voltage regulating unit is connected with the first switch unit;
the second switch unit is respectively connected with the voltage regulating unit and the load unit;
the control unit controls the voltage regulating unit and the second switch unit to be closed and controls the first switch unit to be opened, the input power supply charges the voltage regulating unit through the first switch unit, the control unit controls the voltage regulating unit to be opened, and the voltage regulating unit starts voltage regulating work;
when the voltage regulating unit reaches the preset voltage, the control unit controls the second switch unit to be started, and the voltage regulating unit supplies power to the load unit through the second switch unit.
Furthermore, the voltage regulating unit is the unit that steps up, the unit that steps up is including chip, first electric capacity, first inductance, diode, first resistance, second resistance and the second electric capacity that steps up, first electric capacity is connected respectively first switch unit first inductance with the chip that steps up, first inductance still is connected the positive pole of diode, the negative pole of diode is connected respectively first resistance the second electric capacity with the second switch unit, first resistance still is connected the second resistance.
Furthermore, the boost unit further comprises a third resistor and a third capacitor, and the third resistor is respectively connected with the control unit, the boost chip and the third capacitor.
Furthermore, the voltage regulating unit is a voltage reducing unit, the voltage reducing unit comprises a voltage reducing chip, a fourth capacitor, a second inductor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor and a fifth capacitor, the fourth capacitor is respectively connected with the first switch unit and the voltage reducing chip, the second inductor is respectively connected with the voltage reducing chip, the fourth resistor, the fifth capacitor and the second switch unit, and the fourth resistor is further connected with the fifth resistor.
Furthermore, the voltage reduction unit further comprises a sixth resistor and a sixth capacitor, and the sixth resistor is respectively connected with the control unit, the voltage reduction chip and the sixth capacitor.
Furthermore, the first switch unit comprises a first switch tube, and the first switch tube is respectively connected with the control unit, the input power supply and the voltage regulating unit.
Furthermore, the second switch unit includes a second switch tube, and the second switch tube is respectively connected to the control unit, the voltage regulating unit, and the load unit.
The utility model also provides a circuit board, the circuit board includes as above direct current voltage regulating circuit.
The utility model also provides an electrical apparatus, electrical apparatus includes as above the circuit board.
The beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that, the control unit controls the pressure regulating unit earlier and the second switch unit is closed, the first switch unit of the second control is opened, so surge current is little when the last power-on starts, when the pressure regulating unit carries out the pressure regulating during operation, the second switch unit still is in the off-state, the event can reduce the starting current of pressure regulating unit, and after the pressure regulating unit reaches preset voltage, just open the second switch unit, the event pressure regulating unit can underload or empty load start, whole circuit reliability is high, and the circuit is simple, the chip need not too high performance, so can greatly reduced circuit cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a dc voltage regulating circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a dc voltage regulating circuit using a boosting mode according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a dc voltage regulating circuit using a step-down method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The utility model provides a direct current voltage regulating circuit, which comprises a control unit, a first switch unit 200 connected with an input power supply 100, a voltage regulating unit 300 connected with the first switch unit 200, and a second switch unit 400 respectively connected with the voltage regulating unit 300 and a load unit 500; the control unit controls the voltage regulating unit 300 and the second switch unit 400 to be closed firstly, and then controls the first switch unit 200 to be opened, so that the surge current is small when the voltage regulating unit 300 is started in the power-on state, when the voltage regulating unit 300 performs voltage regulating work, the second switch unit 400 is still in a closed state, so that the starting current of the voltage regulating unit 300 can be reduced, and after the voltage regulating unit 300 reaches a preset voltage, the second switch unit 400 is started, so that the voltage regulating unit 300 can be started in a light load or no-load state, the whole circuit reliability is high, the circuit is simple, the chip does not need overhigh performance, and the circuit cost can be greatly reduced.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment provides a dc voltage regulating circuit, which includes:
a control unit;
a first switching unit 200 connected to the input power source 100;
a voltage adjusting unit 300 connected to the first switching unit 200;
a second switching unit 400 connected to the voltage regulating unit 300 and the load unit 500, respectively;
the control unit controls the voltage regulating unit 300 and the second switch unit 400 to be closed, controls the first switch unit 200 to be opened, charges the voltage regulating unit 300 through the input power supply 100 via the first switch unit 200, controls the voltage regulating unit 300 to be opened, and starts the voltage regulating unit 300 to regulate voltage;
when the voltage regulating unit 300 reaches a preset voltage, the control unit controls the second switch unit 400 to be turned on, and the voltage regulating unit 300 supplies power to the load unit 500 through the second switch unit 400.
The control unit is a control chip, is connected to the first switching unit 200, the voltage regulating unit 300 and the second switching unit 400, and can send control signals to the first switching unit 200, the voltage regulating unit 300 and the second switching unit 400 to realize a control function.
The input power source 100 is a dc voltage input, which may be a battery dc voltage or other dc voltages.
The overall working flow is as follows:
the control unit firstly controls the voltage regulating unit 300 and the second switch unit 400 to be closed, and simultaneously controls the first switch unit 200 to be opened, because the first switch unit 200 is opened, the input power 100 charges the voltage regulating unit 300 through the first switch unit 200, at this time, the control unit controls the voltage regulating unit 300 to be opened, and the voltage regulating unit 300 starts the voltage regulating work. The voltage regulation work can be either boosting work or voltage reduction work. The input power 100 continuously charges the voltage regulating unit 300, when the voltage regulating unit 300 reaches a preset voltage, the control unit controls the second switch unit 400 to be turned on again, and since the second switch unit 400 is turned on, the voltage regulating unit 300 supplies power to the load unit 500 through the second switch unit 400, and the load unit 500 works. Wherein if the load unit 500 continuously operates, the control unit may control the first switching unit 200 to be always turned on; if the load unit 500 is turned on and off, the control unit may control the first switching unit 200 to be turned off when the load unit 500 is turned off.
In this embodiment, the control unit controls the voltage regulating unit 300 and the second switch unit 400 to be turned off first, and then controls the first switch unit 200 to be turned on, so that the surge current is small when the voltage regulating unit 300 is powered on for starting, when the voltage regulating unit 300 performs voltage regulating work, the second switch unit 400 is still in a turned-off state, so that the starting current of the voltage regulating unit 300 can be reduced, and after the voltage regulating unit 300 reaches a preset voltage, the second switch unit 400 is turned on, so that the voltage regulating unit 300 can be started in a light load or no-load mode, the reliability of the whole circuit is high, the circuit is simple, the chip does not need to have too high performance, so that the circuit cost can be greatly reduced.
Example two
Referring to fig. 2, on the basis of the first embodiment, the voltage regulating unit 300 of the second embodiment is a voltage boosting unit, the voltage boosting unit includes a voltage boosting chip U1, a first capacitor C3, a first inductor L1, a diode D1, a first resistor R5, a second resistor R6 and a second capacitor, the first capacitor C3 is connected to the first switch unit 200, the first inductor L1 and the voltage boosting chip U1, the first inductor L1 is further connected to the anode of the diode D1, the cathode of the diode D1 is connected to the first resistor R5, the second capacitor and the second switch unit 400, and the first resistor R5 is further connected to the second resistor R6.
Wherein, at the position of the first capacitor C3, one capacitor may be provided, or a capacitor group including a plurality of capacitors may be provided; the position of the second capacitor can be provided with a capacitor or a capacitor group comprising a plurality of capacitors.
EXAMPLE III
Referring to fig. 2, on the basis of the second embodiment, the voltage boost unit of the third embodiment further includes a third resistor R4 and a third capacitor C4, and the third resistor R4 is respectively connected to the control unit, the voltage boost chip U1 and the third capacitor C4.
The third resistor R4 plays a role of level matching, but if the control signal IO _ EN3 input by the control unit exists, the third resistor R4 may not be provided.
Example four
Referring to fig. 3, on the basis of the first embodiment, the voltage regulating unit 300 of the fourth embodiment is a voltage reducing unit, the voltage reducing unit includes a voltage reducing chip U2, a fourth capacitor C8, a second inductor L2, a fourth resistor R11, a fifth resistor R12 and a fifth capacitor C10, the fourth capacitor C8 is connected to the first switch unit 200 and the voltage reducing chip U2, the second inductor L2 is connected to the voltage reducing chip U2, the fourth resistor R11, the fifth capacitor C10 and the second switch unit 400, and the fourth resistor R11 is further connected to the fifth resistor R12.
Wherein, at the position of the fourth capacitor C8, one capacitor may be provided, or a capacitor bank including a plurality of capacitors may be provided; at the position of the fifth capacitor C10, there may be one capacitor or a capacitor bank including a plurality of capacitors.
EXAMPLE five
Referring to fig. 3, on the basis of the fourth embodiment, the voltage dropping unit of the fifth embodiment further includes a sixth resistor R10 and a sixth capacitor C9, and the sixth resistor R10 is respectively connected to the control unit, the voltage dropping chip U2 and the sixth capacitor C9.
The sixth resistor R10 plays a role of level matching, but if the control signal IO _ EN4 input by the control unit exists, the sixth resistor R10 may not be provided.
EXAMPLE six
Referring to fig. 2 and fig. 3, on the basis of the first to fifth embodiments, the first switching unit 200 of the sixth embodiment includes a first switching tube Q1, and the first switching tube Q1 is respectively connected to the control unit, the input power source 100 and the voltage regulating unit 300.
In this embodiment, the first switch unit 200 further includes a seventh capacitor C1, a seventh resistor R1, an eighth resistor R2, an eighth capacitor C2, a ninth resistor R3, and a first transistor V1, one end of the seventh capacitor C1 is connected to the input power source 100, one end of the seventh resistor R1, and the source of the first switch tube Q1, the other end of the seventh capacitor C1 is connected to the other end of the seventh resistor R1, the control electrode of the first switch tube Q1, and the collector of the first transistor V1, the drain of the first switch tube Q1 is connected to the voltage regulation unit 300, the base of the first transistor V1 is connected to the eighth resistor R2, the eighth capacitor C2, and the ninth resistor R3, and the emitter of the first transistor V1 is grounded. The seventh capacitor C1 and the seventh resistor R1 form a filter circuit, the eighth capacitor C2 and the ninth resistor R3 form a filter circuit, and the eighth resistor R2 serves as a current-limiting resistor and is used for protecting the first triode V1.
EXAMPLE seven
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, on the basis of the first to fifth embodiments, the second switching unit 400 of the seventh embodiment includes a second switching tube, and the second switching tube is respectively connected to the control unit, the voltage regulating unit 300 and the load unit 500.
In this embodiment, the second switch unit 400 further includes a ninth capacitor C6, a tenth resistor R7, an eleventh resistor R8, a tenth capacitor C7, a twelfth resistor R9, a second triode V2, and a thirteenth resistor RL, one end of the ninth capacitor C6 is connected to the sources of the voltage regulator unit 300, the tenth resistor R7, and the second switch tube, the other end of the ninth capacitor C6 is connected to the other end of the tenth resistor R7, the control electrode of the second switch tube, and the collector of the second triode V2, the drain of the second switch tube is connected to the load unit 500 and the thirteenth resistor RL, the base of the second triode V2 is connected to the eleventh resistor R8, the tenth capacitor C7, and the twelfth resistor R9, and the emitter of the second triode V2 is grounded. The ninth capacitor C6 and the tenth resistor R7 form a filter circuit, the tenth capacitor C7 and the twelfth resistor R9 form a filter circuit, and the eleventh resistor R8 is used as a current-limiting resistor and is used for protecting the second triode V2.
With reference to the second embodiment, the third embodiment, the sixth embodiment and the seventh embodiment, the circuit working flow is described in detail, the first switch Q1 and the second switch are in the off state first, the boost chip U1 does not work, and the states of IO _ EN1, IO _ EN2 and IO _ EN3 input by the control unit are at a low level. When the load unit 500 works, the first switch tube Q1 is turned on, the control unit sets IO _ EN1 high, after a proper time delay, VOUT _ BOOST output voltage is charged to be the same as VIN _ BOOST input voltage through the first inductor L1 and the diode D1, then IO _ EN3 is set high, at the moment, the BOOST chip U1 starts to work, after the proper time delay, VOUT _ BOOST output voltage is boosted to a target voltage, the second switch tube is turned on, IO _ EN2 is set high, and power supply of the load unit 500 is achieved. In the standby state, the first switch tube Q1 and the second switch tube are closed, the boost chip U1 does not work, and the states of IO _ EN1, IO _ EN2 and IO _ EN3 input by the control unit are maintained at a low level.
With reference to the fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh embodiments, the circuit working flow is described in detail, the first switch Q1 and the second switch are turned off first, the voltage-reducing chip U2 does not work, and the states of IO _ EN1, IO _ EN2 and IO _ EN3 input by the control unit are low. When the voltage-reducing chip U2 works, the first switch tube Q1 is turned on, the control unit sets IO _ EN1 to be high, after a proper time delay, VOUT _ BUCK output voltage is charged to be the same as VIN _ BUCK input voltage through the first inductor L1, then IO _ EN3 is set to be high, after the proper time delay, VOUT _ BOOST output voltage is reduced to a target voltage, then the second switch tube is turned on, IO _ EN2 is set to be high, and power supply of the load unit 500 is achieved. In a standby state, the first switch tube Q1 and the second switch tube are turned off, the buck chip U2 does not work, and the states of IO _ EN1, IO _ EN2 and IO _ EN3 input by the control unit are maintained at a low level.
It should be noted that the voltage boosting unit and the voltage dropping unit are not limited to the above embodiments, for example, the voltage boosting unit in the second and third embodiments uses a non-synchronous rectification circuit and needs to use the diode D1, but it may also use a synchronous rectification circuit, that is, a MOS transistor and a different voltage boosting chip. Other applicable embodiments are also possible and will not be described in detail here.
Example eight
The eighth embodiment provides a circuit board, which includes the dc voltage regulating circuit according to the first to seventh embodiments.
The direct current voltage regulating circuit comprises a control unit, a first switch unit 200 connected with the input power supply 100, a voltage regulating unit 300 connected with the first switch unit 200, and a second switch unit 400 respectively connected with the voltage regulating unit 300 and the load unit 500; the control unit controls the voltage regulating unit 300 and the second switch unit 400 to be closed firstly, and then controls the first switch unit 200 to be opened, so that the surge current is small when the voltage regulating unit 300 is started in the power-on state, when the voltage regulating unit 300 performs voltage regulating work, the second switch unit 400 is still in a closed state, so that the starting current of the voltage regulating unit 300 can be reduced, and after the voltage regulating unit 300 reaches preset voltage, the second switch unit 400 is started, so that the voltage regulating unit 300 can be started in a light load or no-load state, the reliability of the whole circuit is high, the circuit is simple, the chip does not need overhigh performance, and the circuit cost can be greatly reduced.
Example nine
The ninth embodiment provides an electrical apparatus, which includes the circuit board according to the eighth embodiment.
The circuit board comprises a direct current voltage regulating circuit, wherein the direct current voltage regulating circuit comprises a control unit, a first switch unit 200 connected with the input power supply 100, a voltage regulating unit 300 connected with the first switch unit 200, and a second switch unit 400 respectively connected with the voltage regulating unit 300 and the load unit 500; the control unit controls the voltage regulating unit 300 and the second switch unit 400 to be closed firstly, and then controls the first switch unit 200 to be opened, so that the surge current is small when the voltage regulating unit 300 is started in the power-on state, when the voltage regulating unit 300 performs voltage regulating work, the second switch unit 400 is still in a closed state, so that the starting current of the voltage regulating unit 300 can be reduced, and after the voltage regulating unit 300 reaches preset voltage, the second switch unit 400 is started, so that the voltage regulating unit 300 can be started in a light load or no-load state, the reliability of the whole circuit is high, the circuit is simple, the chip does not need overhigh performance, and the circuit cost can be greatly reduced.
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, as any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A dc voltage regulator circuit, comprising:
a control unit;
a first switching unit connected to an input power supply;
the voltage regulating unit is connected with the first switch unit;
the second switch unit is respectively connected with the voltage regulating unit and the load unit;
the control unit controls the voltage regulating unit and the second switch unit to be closed and controls the first switch unit to be opened, the input power supply charges the voltage regulating unit through the first switch unit, the control unit controls the voltage regulating unit to be opened, and the voltage regulating unit starts voltage regulating work;
when the voltage regulating unit reaches the preset voltage, the control unit controls the second switch unit to be started, and the voltage regulating unit supplies power to the load unit through the second switch unit.
2. The direct-current voltage regulating circuit according to claim 1, wherein the voltage regulating unit is a voltage boosting unit, the voltage boosting unit includes a voltage boosting chip, a first capacitor, a first inductor, a diode, a first resistor, a second resistor and a second capacitor, the first capacitor is connected to the first switch unit, the first inductor and the voltage boosting chip respectively, the first inductor is further connected to an anode of the diode, a cathode of the diode is connected to the first resistor, the second capacitor and the second switch unit respectively, and the first resistor is further connected to the second resistor.
3. The direct-current voltage regulation circuit according to claim 2, wherein the boost unit further comprises a third resistor and a third capacitor, and the third resistor is respectively connected with the control unit, the boost chip and the third capacitor.
4. The direct-current voltage regulating circuit according to claim 1, wherein the voltage regulating unit is a voltage reducing unit, the voltage reducing unit includes a voltage reducing chip, a fourth capacitor, a second inductor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor and a fifth capacitor, the fourth capacitor is respectively connected to the first switch unit and the voltage reducing chip, the second inductor is respectively connected to the voltage reducing chip, the fourth resistor, the fifth capacitor and the second switch unit, and the fourth resistor is further connected to the fifth resistor.
5. The DC voltage regulation circuit of claim 4, wherein the voltage reduction unit further comprises a sixth resistor and a sixth capacitor, and the sixth resistor is respectively connected to the control unit, the voltage reduction chip and the sixth capacitor.
6. The DC voltage regulation circuit of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first switching unit comprises a first switching tube, and the first switching tube is respectively connected with the control unit, the input power supply and the voltage regulation unit.
7. The DC voltage regulating circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the second switching unit comprises a second switching tube, and the second switching tube is respectively connected with the control unit, the voltage regulating unit and the load unit.
8. A circuit board characterized in that it comprises a DC voltage regulating circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. An electrical device, characterized in that it comprises a circuit board according to claim 8.
CN202220817350.7U 2022-04-11 2022-04-11 Direct current voltage regulating circuit, circuit board and electrical apparatus Active CN217522740U (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202220817350.7U CN217522740U (en) 2022-04-11 2022-04-11 Direct current voltage regulating circuit, circuit board and electrical apparatus

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202220817350.7U CN217522740U (en) 2022-04-11 2022-04-11 Direct current voltage regulating circuit, circuit board and electrical apparatus

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN217522740U true CN217522740U (en) 2022-09-30

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CN202220817350.7U Active CN217522740U (en) 2022-04-11 2022-04-11 Direct current voltage regulating circuit, circuit board and electrical apparatus

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