CN217483226U - Burning zone structure and tunnel cave - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of ceramic kiln manufacturing and designing, especially, relate to a burning zone structure and tunnel cave. A burning zone structure comprises a burning kiln body and a fire baffle plate, wherein the gas burning kiln body is provided with a burning kiln hole through which a heat supply airflow flows; the gas fire baffle plate is connected with the top of the gas firing kiln hole and transversely arranged in the gas firing kiln hole and used for blocking the hot airflow of the upper layer gas of the gas firing kiln hole to flow along a preset direction, the gas fire baffle plates are arranged in a plurality, and the gas fire baffle plates are sequentially arranged at intervals along the extending direction of the gas firing kiln body. The kiln cavity temperature uniformity and the heat transfer efficiency can be improved.

Description

Burning zone structure and tunnel cave

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of ceramic kiln manufacturing and designing, especially, relate to a burning zone structure and tunnel cave.

Background

The tunnel kiln is a modern continuous sintering thermal equipment. The tunnel kiln is in a straight line shape, two sides and the top of the tunnel kiln are respectively provided with a fixed wall and a fixed vault, the bottom of the tunnel kiln is paved with a track, and a kiln car runs on the track. The tunnel kiln comprises a preheating belt structure, a firing belt structure and a cooling belt structure which are connected in sequence; the preheating zone structure is internally provided with a preheating cave, the firing zone structure is provided with a firing cave, and the cooling zone structure is provided with a cooling cave; the preheating cave, the firing cave and the cooling cave are communicated in sequence; in addition, the inlet of the kiln car is communicated with the preheating cave, and the outlet of the kiln car is communicated with the cooling cave. Combustion equipment is arranged on two sides of the outside of the firing cave, and the combustion equipment can heat the interior of the firing cave; the inlet is provided with a chimney or an induced draft fan and other gas guide structures, and high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion of the combustion equipment flows to the preheating cave under the action of the gas guide structures and gradually heats the preheating cave. Driving the kiln car loaded with the blank into a preheating kiln hole from an inlet, and gradually preheating the blank; then, the kiln car is driven into the firing cave, and the blank is fired into a product; and finally, the kiln car passes through the cooling kiln hole, the temperature of the product is gradually reduced, and the product is driven out of the cooling kiln hole through the outlet.

The gas of the combustion equipment is combusted to heat the firing cave and generate hot air flow in the firing cave; high-temperature hot air in the firing cave enters the preheating cave and heats the preheating cave; the blank loaded in the kiln car is firstly preheated in the preheating cave, and then enters the sintering cave for sintering and shaping to reach the preset performance. In this process, the effect of fuel combustion, the efficiency of heat transfer and the uniformity of temperature within the preheating and firing kilns substantially determine the heat loss and product quality of the tunnel kiln. Currently, most of the top of the firing kilns are vault structures.

However, a larger gap is formed between the vault and the blank loaded on the kiln car, so that the resistance of hot air flow at the position is small and easy to flow, and finally the temperature of the upper part in the firing kiln hole is higher; however, the lower part of the firing kiln hole is loaded with an embryo body, a kiln car or other kiln furniture, and the hot air flow is difficult to flow due to large resistance, so that the temperature of the lower part of the preheating kiln hole is lower finally; therefore, the temperature difference between the upper part and the lower part is formed in the preheating cave dwelling, and the heat is gathered at the upper part. However, since the kiln car is disposed under the preheating and firing kilns, heat cannot be efficiently transferred to the blank in the kiln car, and the blank is easily subjected to uneven heating at the upper and lower portions thereof, which may cause quality problems such as surface cracking.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The embodiment of the application aims to provide a tunnel kiln, and aims to solve the problems of how to improve the uniformity of temperature in a firing cave and the heat transfer efficiency.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows: providing a firing zone structure, which comprises a firing kiln body and a fire baffle plate, wherein the firing kiln body is provided with a firing kiln hole through which a heat supply airflow flows; the fire baffle is connected with the top of the firing kiln hole, transversely arranged in the firing kiln hole and used for blocking the hot air flow on the upper layer of the firing kiln hole to flow along a preset direction, and a plurality of fire baffles are arranged at intervals along the extending direction of the firing kiln body.

In one embodiment, each of the fire baffles is equally spaced.

In one embodiment, the fire baffles are arranged at unequal intervals, and the intervals between two adjacent fire baffles are sequentially increased along the flowing direction of the hot gas flow.

In one embodiment, one end of each fire baffle is connected with the top of the firing cave, and the other end of each fire baffle extends for a preset distance towards the firing cave; and the lengths of the fire baffles extending towards the firing kiln hole are arranged in the same way or in unequal ways.

In one embodiment, the face of the fire damper is inclined to the horizontal.

In one embodiment, the plate surface of the fire damper is arranged perpendicular to the horizontal plane.

In one embodiment, the burning zone structure further comprises nozzles, the nozzles are connected with the side walls of the burning cave, and the nozzles on the side walls of the two burning caves are arranged in a staggered mode.

In one embodiment, the nozzles on the same side wall are arranged in pairs and above each other.

In one embodiment, the top of the firing cave is disposed in a semi-circular arch top surface.

The application also provides a tunnel kiln, which comprises the firing belt structure.

The beneficial effect of this application lies in: hot air flow is generated in the firing cave and flows to low-temperature areas at two ends of the firing cave, wherein most of the hot air flow floats to the upper part of the firing cave; therefore, the transverse fire baffle plate is arranged at the top of the firing kiln hole, so that hot air is forced to flow to the lower part of the firing kiln hole when flowing to the fire baffle plate; meanwhile, the arrangement of the fire baffle can increase the flowing resistance of the upper layer hot air flow, thereby reducing the flux of the upper layer hot air flow and correspondingly increasing the flux of the lower layer hot air flow; the circulation of the upper layer hot air flow is reduced, so that the upper layer temperature is effectively reduced; the circulation of the lower layer hot air is increased, so that the temperature of the lower layer is effectively raised, and the uniformity of the upper temperature and the lower temperature in the firing kiln hole is improved. In addition, because the heat transfer mode in the firing cave is mainly thermal radiation, the top of the firing cave is provided with the fire baffle plate, so that the heat radiation area can be increased, and the heat transfer efficiency is further improved. In conclusion, the method and the device solve the problems of how to improve the uniformity of the temperature in the firing cave and the heat transfer efficiency.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or exemplary technical descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a fired belt structure provided in an example of the present application.

Wherein, in the figures, the respective reference numerals: 100. a preheating belt structure; 14. the direction of flow of the hot gas stream; 200. firing the tape structure; 40. firing the kiln body; 41. firing the kiln holes; 42. a nozzle; 50. a fire shield; 31. kiln car; 33. a loading surface; 63. the running direction of the kiln car; 300. a cooling belt structure.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not delimit the present application.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly or indirectly connected to the other element. The terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred devices or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and operate, and thus are not to be construed as limiting the present application, and the specific meanings of the above terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations. The terms "first", "second" and "first" are used merely for descriptive purposes and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or to implicitly indicate a number of technical features. The meaning of "plurality" is two or more unless explicitly defined otherwise.

Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment of the present application provides a firing zone structure 200, which includes a firing kiln body 40 and a fire baffle 50, wherein the firing kiln body 40 has a firing cave 41 through which a heat air flow flows; the fire baffles 50 are connected with the top of the firing kiln hole 41, transversely arranged in the firing kiln hole 41 and used for preventing the upper-layer hot air of the firing kiln hole 41 from flowing along a preset direction, a plurality of fire baffles 50 are arranged, and the fire baffles 50 are sequentially arranged at intervals along the extending direction of the firing kiln body 40.

It will be appreciated that the hot gas stream is generated within the firing kiln 41 and flows towards the low temperature regions at both ends of the firing kiln 41, wherein a majority of the hot gas stream floats above the firing kiln 41; therefore, the transverse fire baffle plate 50 is arranged at the top of the firing kiln hole 41, so that hot air is forced to flow to the lower part of the firing kiln hole 41 when flowing to the fire baffle plate 50; meanwhile, the arrangement of the fire baffle can increase the flowing resistance of the upper layer hot air flow, thereby reducing the flux of the upper layer hot air flow and correspondingly increasing the flux of the lower layer hot air flow; the circulation of the upper layer hot air flow is reduced, so that the upper layer temperature is effectively reduced; the circulation of the lower layer hot air is increased, so that the temperature of the lower layer is effectively raised, and the uniformity of the upper temperature and the lower temperature in the firing cave 41 is improved. In addition, because the heat transfer mode in the firing cave 41 is mainly thermal radiation, the top of the firing cave 41 is provided with the fire baffle plate, so that the heat radiation area can be increased, and the heat transfer efficiency is further improved. In conclusion, the present application solves the problem of how to improve the uniformity of temperature and the heat transfer efficiency in the firing cave 41.

Referring to fig. 1, optionally, in the present embodiment, the firing belt structure 200 is applied to a tunnel kiln, which further includes a preheating belt structure 100 and a cooling belt structure 300. Wherein, preheat band structure 100 and cooling band structure 300 and connect respectively in the both ends of firing into band structure 200, preheat band structure 100 and have the preheating cave dwelling, cooling band structure 300 has the cooling cave dwelling, preheats the cave dwelling and all communicates with firing into cave dwelling 41 with the cooling cave dwelling.

Referring to fig. 1, optionally, a rail is laid at the bottom of the tunnel kiln, a kiln car 31 is slidably disposed on the rail, the kiln car 31 sequentially passes through a preheating kiln hole, a firing kiln hole 41 and a cooling kiln hole to complete firing of the blank, a plurality of loading surfaces 33 are stacked on the kiln car 31, a gap is formed between each loading surface 33, and the blank to be fired is placed in the gap.

It can be understood that the known firing cave adopts a vault structure, the gap between the arch part and the loading surface is larger, the resistance of hot air flow at the place is smaller, and the hot air flow is easy to flow, so that the temperature at the place is higher; however, the lower part of the firing cave is provided with a blank, a kiln car or other kiln furniture, and the hot air flow is difficult to flow due to large resistance at the position, so that the temperature at the position is low; thus forming the temperature difference between the upper part and the lower part in the firing cave; when the width of the end face of the firing kiln hole is increased, if the heat transfer is not good, horizontal temperature difference can also occur at the two sides and the middle part of the kiln car, so that the temperature difference of the cross section is more than 60 ℃, the non-uniformity of the temperature in the firing kiln hole is further aggravated, and the quality of products is finally influenced.

It can be understood that the fire baffle 50 is arranged at the top of the firing cave 41 and can force the hot air flowing through the fire baffle to flow to the lower part of the firing cave 41; the hot air flows downwards, passes through the gaps between the loading surfaces 33 on the kiln car 31, and the blank placed on the corresponding loading surface 33 is sufficiently heated by the hot air flowing through the gaps so as to finish the firing of the blank. With the arrangement of the fire shield 50, the hot gas flow is caused to pass through the gap between the loading surfaces 33, rather than passing over the surface of the top loading surface 33 or passing over the bottom of the kiln car 31, which helps to improve the efficiency of heat transfer.

Referring to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the fire baffles 50 are alternatively disposed at equal intervals.

It can be understood that the firing belt structure 200 is provided with a combustion device to heat it, and after the temperature of each part in the firing cave 41 is stable, the temperature of the hot air flow floating above the firing cave 41 is approximately the same at each part on the traveling path; therefore, the fire baffles 50 arranged at equal intervals help to apply the same resistance to the hot air flow above the firing cave 41 and enable the blanks in different regions of the firing space to be heated uniformly.

Alternatively, each fire damper 50 is disposed at an unequal interval, and the interval between two adjacent fire dampers 50 increases sequentially along the flowing direction 14 of the hot gas flow.

It can be understood that, when the embodiment is applied to a tunnel kiln, the firing cave 41 is communicated with the preheating cave, and the inlet of the preheating cave is provided with a chimney or an induced draft fan and other gas guide structures, so that hot gas flows towards the direction of the preheating cave.

It can be understood that the green body needs to be preheated by the preheating cave before being sent to the firing cave 41 for firing; hot gas flows from the firing cave 41 into the preheating cave to heat the preheating cave. In this embodiment, the distance between two adjacent fire baffles 50 is increased in sequence along the flowing direction 14 of the hot gas flow, so that the hot gas flow can receive less resistance when flowing through the area of the firing kiln hole 41 close to the top of the preheating kiln and smoothly flow to the preheating kiln hole.

Optionally, one end of each fire baffle 50 is connected to the top of the firing cave 41, and the other end extends a predetermined distance into the firing cave 41; and the lengths of the fire baffles 50 extending towards the firing kiln holes 41 are not equal. Alternatively, the length of each fire shield 50 increases in sequence along the direction of flow 14 of the hot gas stream.

It can be understood that the fire damper 50 with a smaller length is arranged at the beginning end of the hot air flow, so that the hot air flow can have smaller resistance at the beginning end and smoothly pass through the fire damper 50; the fire baffle 50 with larger length is arranged at the end of the hot air flow, namely, the area close to the joint of the firing cave 41 and the preheating cave, so that the hot air can be subjected to larger resistance at the position, and the hot air is gradually forced to further sink towards the kiln car 31 before entering the preheating cave; thereby leading the hot air flow entering the preheating cave to be in a lower horizontal position so as to reduce the temperature difference between the upper part and the lower part in the preheating cave.

Referring to fig. 1, optionally, in the present embodiment, one end of each fire baffle 50 is connected to the top of the firing cave 41, and the other end extends a predetermined distance into the firing cave 41; and the fire baffles 50 are arranged to extend the same length into the firing kiln 41.

Referring to fig. 1, it can be understood that the firing belt structure 200 is configured with a combustion device to heat it, and after the temperature of each part in the firing cave 41 is stabilized, the temperature of the hot air current floating above the firing cave 41 is approximately the same at each part on the traveling path; therefore, the extending lengths of the fire baffles 50 are the same, which is helpful for applying the same resistance to the hot air flow above the firing kiln hole 41 and uniformly heating the blank in different regions of the firing space.

Alternatively, the face of the fire stop plate 50 is inclined to the horizontal.

Optionally, the angle between the face of the fire shield 50 and the direction of flow 14 of the hot gas stream is greater than 90 degrees.

It will be appreciated that in this embodiment, the face of the fire stop panel 50 is more effective in pushing the hot gas stream downwardly therethrough.

Please refer to fig. 1, optionally. In this embodiment, the fire damper 50 is disposed such that the plate surface thereof is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. It will be appreciated that in this embodiment, the fire shield 50 is more effective in blocking hot gas flow parallel to the horizontal plane.

Optionally, the side walls of the firing belt structure 200 are provided with combustion devices to heat the firing cave 41 and generate a hot gas flow within the firing cave 41.

Referring to fig. 1, optionally, in this embodiment, the firing strip structure 200 further includes nozzles 42, the nozzles 42 are connected to the sidewalls of the firing kilns 41, and the nozzles 42 located on the sidewalls of the two firing kilns 41 are arranged in a staggered manner.

It is understood that, in the present embodiment, the nozzle 42 can inject the gas into the firing kiln hole 41, and the gas is mixed with the air in the firing kiln hole 41 and combusted, so as to heat the firing kiln hole 41.

Optionally, in this embodiment, the gas has a predetermined velocity. It is understood that in the present embodiment, the gas having the predetermined speed has the following two roles: firstly, the air in the firing kiln hole 41 can be mixed and then combusted to heat the firing kiln top; secondly, the existing gas in the firing cave 41 can be stirred, the hot air flow is promoted to flow towards different directions, and the uniformity of the temperature in the firing cave 41 is further improved.

Alternatively, in this embodiment, the nozzle 42 can mix the gas and air therein and then inject the mixture into the firing kiln 41.

It can be understood that the known nozzle is used for mixing and burning fuel gas and air after the fuel gas and the air are injected into a burning cave; however, the space in the firing cave is large, so that the gas and the air are difficult to be uniformly mixed in the cave; in order to prevent the fuel gas from being burnt in an oxygen-deficient way and generating carbon black, the known burning cave increases the excess air coefficient in the burning cave so as to ensure that the fuel gas is fully burnt; however, a large amount of excess air is heated to consume more heat, and most of high-temperature gas is finally discharged from a smoke discharge structure arranged in the firing kiln hole, so that heat dissipation loss is increased, and heat efficiency is reduced. In addition, a large amount of excess air can also increase the air pressure in the firing kiln holes, so that high-temperature gas can permeate outwards; further increases the heat dissipation loss of the firing cave and reduces the heat efficiency, thus leading the known firing cave to have higher energy consumption.

Referring to fig. 1, it can be understood that, in the present embodiment, the nozzle 42 mixes the fuel gas therein and then injects the mixture into the firing kiln hole 41, so that the mixture entering the firing kiln hole 41 has good air-fuel ratio mixing performance, the mixing ratio of the fuel gas and the air can be accurately controlled, the fuel gas can still be sufficiently combusted without excess air, and thus, the heat loss caused by excess air is greatly reduced. In addition, the gas has a predetermined speed when being jetted out through the nozzle 42, so that the hot air flow in the firing kiln hole 41 can be effectively disturbed, and the heat distribution is more uniform.

Alternatively, in the present embodiment, the injection distance of the fuel gas can be adjusted by adjusting the injection force of the injection nozzle 42. It can be understood that, in this embodiment, the corresponding nozzles 42 can be adjusted and controlled according to the temperature changes of different areas in the firing kiln hole 41, so that the gas can be injected at a proper distance, and the temperature in the firing kiln hole 41 can be maintained within a predetermined range.

Optionally, in this embodiment, the injection distance of the fuel gas is greater than 2.5 meters. It will be appreciated that the gas in this embodiment is able to stir the flow of hot gases within the firing cavity 41 to a greater extent.

Referring to fig. 1, alternatively, the nozzles 42 on the same sidewall are arranged in pairs and above one another. It is understood that, in the present embodiment, the temperatures of the upper and lower portions of the firing kiln 41 can be flexibly adjusted by adjusting the upper or lower nozzles 42.

Referring to fig. 1, in this embodiment, the nozzles 42 on both sides of the firing kiln 41 are alternatively arranged in a three-dimensional manner in a shape of "pin". It will be appreciated that the nozzles 42 in this embodiment enable the formation of a circulating hot gas stream within the kiln, thereby ensuring uniformity of temperature in the firing kiln 41 in the horizontal direction.

Referring to fig. 1, the nozzles 42 on both sides of the firing kiln 41 are optionally staggered.

Referring to fig. 1, alternatively, in the present embodiment, the nozzle 42 is disposed away from the fired product.

Referring to fig. 1, the firing kiln 41 may alternatively be arranged on a semi-circular arch top surface at the top.

Referring to FIG. 1, it can be understood that the heat transfer in the firing cave is mainly thermal radiation, and the heat transfer intensity is proportional to the square of the radiation area. Compared with a flat top structure and a known arch top, the semicircular arch top surface can increase the gap between the tunnel top and the kiln car 31, and further is beneficial to increasing the heat radiation area of the tunnel top, so that the heating speed and the heat efficiency in the firing kiln tunnel 41 are improved. In addition, after the gap between the tunnel roof and the kiln car 31 is enlarged, the transverse stress generated by the tunnel roof due to thermal expansion can be reduced, the service life of the vault is prolonged, and the maintenance workload is saved.

Optionally, one end of the fire baffle 50 is a semi-circular arch structure, and is attached to the semi-circular arch top surface of the firing kiln hole 41.

It can be understood that the temperature difference between each area in the firing kiln hole and the inside and the outside of the product can be reduced to 20 ℃ by the measures; and the physical and chemical changes of the green body are more complete, the green body structure tends to be uniform, and the aims of shortening the sintering time and ensuring the product quality are finally achieved.

Referring to fig. 1, the present invention further provides a tunnel kiln, which includes a firing belt structure 200, the specific structure of the firing belt structure 200 refers to the above embodiments, and since the tunnel kiln adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments are also achieved, and are not repeated herein.

Referring to fig. 1, optionally, the tunnel kiln further includes a preheating zone structure 100 and a cooling zone structure 300; wherein, preheat band structure 100 and cooling band structure 300 and connect respectively in the both ends of firing into band structure 200, preheat band structure 100 and have the preheating cave dwelling, cooling band structure 300 has the cooling cave dwelling, preheats the cave dwelling and all communicates with firing into cave dwelling 41 with the cooling cave dwelling.

Referring to fig. 1, optionally, the top of the preheating cave is a planar structure. It will be appreciated that the temperature in the pre-heating cave is relatively low and that heat transfer is dependent primarily on the flow of hot gases into the firing cave. The flat-top structure is adopted, so that the gap between the top of the preheating kiln hole and the loading surface of the kiln car is reduced, the circulation of hot air flow at the upper layer in the preheating kiln hole can be limited, the hot air flow is forced to downwards pass through the loading surface so as to increase the heat exchange capacity of the loading surface, and further the heat efficiency is improved. In addition, the downward hot air flow can also reduce the temperature difference between the upper part and the lower part in the preheating cave dwelling and ensure that the embryo body is uniformly preheated.

Referring to fig. 1, optionally, the end surface of the free end of the fire damper 50 is coplanar with the surface of the top of the preheating cave. It can be understood that the extension of the free end of the fire baffle 50 to the top of the preheating kiln hole is in the same plane as the plane, which is helpful to increase the compactness of the whole structure of the tunnel kiln and can effectively avoid the collision between the kiln car 31 loaded with blanks or products and the fire baffle 50.

The above are merely alternative embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement or the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A burning zone structure is characterized by comprising a burning kiln body and a fire baffle plate, wherein the burning kiln body is provided with a burning kiln hole through which hot air flows; the fire baffles are connected with the top of the firing kiln hole, transversely arranged in the firing kiln hole and used for blocking the hot air flow on the upper layer of the firing kiln hole to flow along a preset direction, and are arranged in plurality, and are sequentially arranged at intervals along the extending direction of the firing kiln body.

2. The burn belt structure of claim 1 wherein each of the fire baffles are equally spaced.

3. The burning zone structure of claim 1, wherein the fire baffles are arranged at unequal intervals, and the intervals between two adjacent fire baffles are sequentially increased along the flowing direction of the hot gas flow.

4. The burning zone structure of claim 1, wherein one end of each of said fire baffles is connected to a roof of said burning cave, and the other end extends a predetermined distance into said burning cave; and the lengths of the fire baffles extending towards the firing kiln hole are arranged in the same way or in unequal ways.

5. The burning zone structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fire baffle has a plate surface inclined to the horizontal plane.

6. The burning zone structure as set forth in claim 1, wherein the fire blocking plate has a plate surface disposed vertically to a horizontal plane.

7. The firing strip structure of any one of claims 1-6, further comprising nozzles attached to the sidewalls of the firing kiln, wherein the nozzles on the sidewalls of the firing kiln are offset.

8. The firing belt structure of claim 7, wherein said nozzles located on the same sidewall are arranged in pairs and above one another.

9. Firing belt structure according to any of the claims 1-6, characterized in that the top of the firing cave is arranged with a semicircular arched top surface.

10. A tunnel kiln, characterized in that it comprises a firing belt structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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