CN217462179U - Semi-bright and semi-dark tunnel protection structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a half bright half dark tunnel protective structure belongs to highway tunnel design construction technical field, has solved current construction method cast-in-place barricade, leads to the problem that the engineering time is long, the quality is unstable. A semi-bright and semi-dark tunnel protection structure comprises a pile foundation and an assembled retaining wall; the pile foundation with the assembled barricade is connected, the assembled barricade includes concrete placement passageway and first recess, the concrete placement passageway is located in the assembled barricade, first recess is located the bottom of assembled barricade, with the corresponding department of pile foundation. The utility model discloses road tunnel has effectively been reduced and has passed through precipitous highway section excavation volume to the half bright and half dark construction security in road tunnel has been improved.

Description

Semi-bright and semi-dark tunnel protection structure

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a highway tunnel design construction technical field especially relates to a half bright and half dark tunnel protective structure.

Background

The route selection is often limited due to the influence of control factors such as roads, railways, electric power, cultural relics, mineral products, water systems, ecological protection areas and the like, and more road tunnels need to pass through steep sections of mountainous areas. When the mountains are excavated, the surrounding rock at the bottom of the tunnel is broken in unfavorable states such as shallow buried bias pressure and the like, and the original mountain vegetation can be damaged in a large area by excavating the side slope and the upward slope of the open cut tunnel, so that the method is not in accordance with the green development concept.

The existing construction method is that steel pipe grouting or foundation expansion is usually applied to a tunnel foundation, the reinforcement performance of the steel pipe grouting on the foundation is poor, the foundation is easy to settle, the amount of concrete for replacing and filling the foundation expansion is large, and the excavation amount of the foundation on site is also large. The retaining wall is cast in situ, so that the construction risk is increased, the construction time is long, and the quality of the retaining wall is unstable. And the retaining wall which does not meet the quality needs to be dismantled and poured again, so that the construction period is prolonged, and the cost is increased.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of the aforesaid analysis, the utility model aims at providing a half bright half dark tunnel protective structure for the retaining wall is pour in situ among the solution prior art, leads to the problem that the engineering time is long, the quality is unstable.

The purpose of the utility model is mainly realized through the following technical scheme:

a semi-bright and semi-dark tunnel protection structure comprises a pile foundation and an assembled retaining wall; the pile foundation with the assembled barricade is connected, the assembled barricade includes concrete placement passageway and first recess, the concrete placement passageway is located in the assembled barricade, first recess is located the bottom of assembled barricade, with the corresponding department of pile foundation.

Optionally, an arch protector is also included; the protective arch is arranged on the open cut tunnel section of the semi-open semi-closed tunnel, one end of the protective arch is connected with the assembled retaining wall, and the other end of the protective arch is connected with the slope surface above the closed cut tunnel section of the semi-open semi-closed tunnel.

Optionally, the concrete pouring channel is obliquely arranged, one end of the concrete pouring channel is communicated with the first groove, and the other end of the concrete pouring channel is communicated with the outside of the fabricated retaining wall.

Optionally, the fabricated retaining wall further comprises vertical side faces, inclined side faces, and top and bottom faces connecting the vertical side faces and the inclined side faces; the vertical side face is arranged on one side close to the protective arch, and a second groove with an opening facing the protective arch is formed in the vertical side face.

Optionally, the pile foundation comprises a base end and a connecting end opposite to the base end; the basal end stretches into the basal part, and the connecting end stretches into the assembled retaining wall.

Optionally, the pile foundation still includes longitudinal reinforcement and hoop reinforcement, the one end of longitudinal reinforcement stretches into in the assembled barricade, with the assembled barricade is connected.

Optionally, a cushion layer is arranged between the assembled retaining wall and the base part.

Optionally, a gravel soil backfill layer, a clay water-resisting layer and a planting soil layer are sequentially arranged on the arch protector.

Optionally, still include ground reinforcement portion, ground reinforcement portion includes many steel floral tubes, steel floral tube locates in the ground under the tunnel.

Optionally, the top of the steel perforated pipe is provided with a rubble concrete layer.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses can realize one of following beneficial effect at least:

(1) the utility model discloses a barricade adopts the form of prefabricating in advance + assembled, does not adopt the mould to build (cast in situ), reduces the construction risk of building the barricade at steep highway section mould on the one hand, and on the other hand, the barricade can be makeed simultaneously when the pile foundation is executed, shortens construction process and time. In addition, the retaining wall is uniformly prefabricated, so that the quality of the retaining wall is stable.

(2) The utility model discloses an execute and do the pile foundation bottom prefabricated assembly type barricade, the link is reserved at the pile foundation top to pour the passageway and reserve first recess with the pile foundation junction through inside reservation at prefabricated assembly type barricade, make pile foundation and prefabricated assembly type barricade connect for whole, can strengthen open cut tunnel section anti bias voltage ability and tunnel open cut tunnel section stability by a wide margin.

(3) The utility model discloses a set up two pile foundations and support assembled barricade under the barricade basis, on the one hand, reduce barricade foundation backfill rate and trade the volume of filling, on the other hand can strengthen basic stability under the high slope relief.

(4) The utility model discloses a set up the open cut tunnel section that can stabilize better of lock foot stock, further improve tunnel open cut tunnel section stability. The utility model discloses an end that will protect the arch adopts the lock foot stock anchor on the side slope, can stabilize the open cut tunnel section better, further improves tunnel open cut tunnel section stability.

(5) Steep highway section is because the earthing is thin, and the bearing capacity is not enough, so the ground is unstable, the utility model discloses creatively adopt to execute and do the combination setting that trades and fill at the bottom of steel floral tube + the tunnel, through beat into the steel floral tube in tunnel ground earlier promptly, form the system roof beam, improved the wholeness and the stability of country rock, then adopt the concrete to trade and fill in steel floral tube top, strengthened the stability of steep highway section ground, reinforcing shock resistance reduces and subsides to the quantity of concrete is traded and filled in the reduction.

The utility model discloses in, can also make up each other between the above-mentioned each technical scheme to realize more preferred combination scheme. Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, wherein like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a construction method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the small clear distance semi-bright semi-dark tunnel passing through a steep section;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 at A;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of the cushion layer laid in the embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals:

1-semi-bright and semi-dark excavation line, 2-pile foundation, 3-connecting end, 4-fabricated retaining wall, 5-concrete pouring channel, 6-water outlet, 7-water outlet, 8-rapid trough, 9-foot locking anchor rod, 10-advanced support, 11-arch protection, 12-gravel backfill layer, 13-clay water-resisting layer, 14-planting soil layer, 15-drainage ditch, 16-sheet stone concrete layer, 17-steel flower pipe, 18-first groove, 19-cushion layer, 20-longitudinal steel bar and 21-circumferential stirrup.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention, which is to be read in connection with the accompanying drawings, is made to illustrate, and not to limit the scope of the invention, the embodiments of the invention, and the accompanying drawings are included as part of the present invention.

Example one

A specific embodiment of the utility model discloses a half bright and half dark protective structure, as shown in fig. 2, this half bright and half dark protective structure includes pile foundation 2, assembled barricade 4 and protects and encircles 11. One end of the pile foundation 2 is connected with the assembled retaining wall 4, and the other end is arranged in the base part.

The protective arch 11 is arranged on the open tunnel section of the semi-open and semi-closed tunnel, one end of the protective arch is connected with the assembled retaining wall 4, and the other end of the protective arch is connected with the slope surface above the closed tunnel section of the semi-open and semi-closed tunnel.

Fabricated retaining wall 4 includes concrete placement channel 5 and first recess 18, and concrete placement channel 5 is located in fabricated retaining wall 4, communicates with first recess 18. A first recess 18 is provided at the bottom of prefabricated wall 4 corresponding to pile foundation 2 for receiving concrete from concrete pouring channel 5. Referring to fig. 3, the concrete casting passage 5 is obliquely provided, and one end thereof communicates with the first groove 18 and the other end thereof communicates with the exterior of the prefabricated wall 4 as a casting port. When concrete is injected into the pouring opening, the concrete enters the first groove 18 along the concrete pouring channel 5.

In a preferred embodiment, the semi-transparent and semi-concealed protective structure further comprises a blocking portion (not shown in the figure) for blocking the concrete pouring channel 5 so as to prevent foreign matters from blocking the concrete pouring channel 5, and thus the concrete cannot smoothly pass through the concrete pouring channel 5 and further cannot enter the first groove 18, and cannot be connected with the pile foundation 2.

Specifically, the plugging portion comprises a main body and a plugging head, one end of the plugging head is in threaded connection with the main body and is arranged in the concrete pouring channel 5, and the other end of the plugging head is arranged outside the concrete pouring channel 5 and is used for plugging an inlet of the concrete pouring channel 5. Illustratively, the diameter of the other end of the plugging head is larger than the diameter of the entrance of the concrete pouring channel 5.

As shown in fig. 2, the prefabricated retaining wall 4 includes vertical sides, inclined sides, and top and bottom surfaces connecting the vertical sides and the inclined sides, the vertical sides being disposed adjacent to one side of the retaining arches 11 and being provided with second grooves (not shown) opening toward the retaining arches 11 for receiving one end portion of the retaining arches 11, and the other end of the retaining arches 11 being connected to the steep slope surface above the half-bright and half-dark tunnel cave section by the locking anchor rods 9.

Pile foundation 2 includes basal end and the link 3 relative with the basal end, and the basal end stretches into in the basal portion, and link 3 stretches into in assembled barricade 4. Illustratively, the number of pilings 2 is two.

Further, as shown in fig. 4, the pile foundation 2 includes a longitudinal steel bar 20 and a hoop reinforcement 21, and one end of the longitudinal steel bar 20 extends into the prefabricated retaining wall 4 and is connected with the prefabricated retaining wall 4 in a pouring manner.

Referring to fig. 4, a spacer 19 is provided between the prefabricated retaining wall 4 and the base portion. In this embodiment, the surface contacting with the bottom surface of the fabricated retaining wall 4 can be made smoother by laying the cushion layer 19, and the firmness of the fabricated retaining wall 4 is further improved.

A plurality of advance supports 10 are arranged in the arch protection 11, and the advance supports 10 are annularly arranged. The protective arch 11 is sequentially provided with a gravel soil backfill layer 12, a clay water-resisting layer 13 and a planting soil layer 14. And a drainage ditch 15 is arranged at the top of the planting soil layer 14 and at one end close to the assembled retaining wall 4. And a drain opening 6 is arranged at the upper part of the assembled retaining wall 4 and at a position corresponding to the drainage ditch, and the drain opening 6 penetrates through the vertical side and the inclined side of the assembled retaining wall 4 and inclines at a certain angle towards the bottom surface of the assembled retaining wall 4 so as to accelerate drainage. Illustratively, the size of the drain opening 6 is 60cm × 60 cm.

In addition, a drain hole 7 is provided in the prefabricated retaining wall 4. As shown in fig. 2, the drainage hole 7 penetrates the vertical side and the inclined side of the prefabricated retaining wall 4 and is inclined at a certain angle toward the bottom surface of the prefabricated retaining wall 4. This embodiment is through setting up outlet 7, further strengthens the drainage, prolongs this half bright half dark protective structure's life. The discharge speed of water can be increased by setting the drain hole to be inclined at a certain angle to the bottom surface of the prefabricated retaining wall 4.

The drain holes 7 include a first row of drain holes and a second row of drain holes. The first drain water hole and the second drain water hole are sequentially arranged in the direction from the top surface to the bottom surface of the prefabricated retaining wall 4. Illustratively, the spacing between the drain holes 7 of the same row is 2m, and the diameter of the drain holes is 100 mm.

Specifically, one end of the first drainage outlet is connected with the bottom of the clay water-resisting layer 13, and one end of the second drainage outlet is connected with the bottom of the gravel soil backfill layer 12, so that water in the clay water-resisting layer 13 and the gravel soil backfill layer 12 can be further drained, and the service life of the semi-bright and semi-dark protection structure can be further prolonged.

In a preferred embodiment, a chute 8 is provided on the inclined side of the prefabricated retaining wall 4 to discharge water from the drainage opening 6 and the drainage hole 7 in time. Specifically, the chute 8 is obliquely arranged along the inclined side surface, and one end thereof starts from the drain opening 6 and is in fluid communication with both the drain opening 6 and the drain hole 7, so as to discharge water from the drain opening 6 and the drain hole 7.

The semi-bright and semi-dark protective structure of the embodiment further comprises a foundation reinforcing part, and the foundation reinforcing part is arranged in a foundation under the tunnel. The foundation stabilization part comprises a plurality of steel perforated pipes 17, the steel perforated pipes 17 are arranged in a quincunx shape, the length of each steel perforated pipe 17 is 6m, the transverse interval is 1m, and the longitudinal interval is 1 m. This embodiment plays the effect of system's roof beam through setting up steel floral tube 17, has improved the wholeness and the stability of country rock.

In addition, the top of the steel perforated pipe 17 is provided with the rubble concrete layer 16, so that the stability of the foundation of the steep road section is enhanced, the shock resistance is enhanced, the settlement is reduced, and the using amount of replacement and filling concrete is reduced. Illustratively, the thickness of the rubble concrete layer 16 is 1.0 m.

The problem of insufficient bearing capacity of the foundation at the bottom of the tunnel of the steep road section is overcome through the combined arrangement of the steel perforated pipe and the rubble concrete layer (the tunnel bottom is filled), and the shock resistance is enhanced.

Example two

The utility model discloses another embodiment discloses a half bright half dark construction method suitable for steep highway section little clear distance tunnel, as shown in figure 1. The small clear distance tunnel is as follows: under the condition of V-level surrounding rock, the thickness of a rock wall in the tunnel is less than three times of the excavation width of the tunnel body. The semi-bright and semi-dark construction method of the embodiment comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: and (5) excavating and reinforcing the side slope.

And determining a semi-open and semi-concealed excavation line 1 according to the rock (soil) property and stability condition of the side slope, and performing anchor-spraying support on the excavation side slope to facilitate construction of the fabricated retaining wall 4 and the retaining arch 11 at the open cut tunnel section.

Step two: and constructing a pile foundation 2 and a prefabricated assembly type retaining wall 4.

Two pile foundations are constructed on the foundation where the fabricated retaining wall 4 is pre-placed (i.e., two pile foundations are constructed at the bottom of the fabricated retaining wall 4). Connecting end 3 is reserved at the top of pile foundation 2, and longitudinal steel bar 20 at the top of pile foundation 2 extends into fabricated retaining wall 4. The length of the longitudinal reinforcement 20 is designed according to the diameter of the pile foundation 2. For example, when the diameter of the pile foundation 2 is less than 800mm, the steel bar extends into the pile foundation by 50 mm; when the diameter of the pile foundation 2 is larger than or equal to 800mm, the length of the steel bar extending into the pile foundation is 100 mm.

When prefabricated assembled barricade 4, reserve concrete placement passageway 5 in assembled barricade 4 to and reserve first recess 18 in assembled barricade 4 and pile foundation junction, make the concrete can get into first recess 18 through concrete placement passageway 5, thereby pour pile foundation 2 and assembled barricade 4 as an organic whole, thereby strengthen open cut tunnel section anti bias voltage ability and tunnel open cut tunnel section stability by a wide margin.

And a drain opening 6 is reserved at the top of the fabricated retaining wall 4 at a position corresponding to the drainage ditch 15, and the size of the drain opening 6 is 60cm multiplied by 60 cm.

In one possible embodiment, a drain hole 7 is also reserved when the retaining wall 4 is assembled. The diameter of the drain hole 7 is 100 mm.

In addition, a downward 60cm × 20cm chute 8 is arranged along the prefabricated retaining wall 4, and the chute 8 is in fluid communication with the drainage opening 6 and the drainage hole 7. This embodiment can effectively strengthen the drainage through setting up rapid trough 8.

Step three: and installing the fabricated retaining wall 4, and pouring the fabricated retaining wall 4 and the pile foundation 2 into a whole.

First, the mat 19 is laid on the base portion of the pre-installed retaining wall 4.

Next, the first groove at the bottom of the fabricated retaining wall 4 is aligned with the connection end 3 of the pile foundation 2.

Then, concrete is poured into the concrete pouring channel 5, so that the pile foundation 2 and the fabricated retaining wall 4 are poured into a whole.

Step four: constructing a large pipe shed and a cover arch of the hidden tunnel section.

And (3) arranging a grouting large pipe shed in the hole of the hidden tunnel section along the outer circular line of the tunnel excavation line, and arranging hot-rolled seamless steel pipes (phi 108mm multiplied by 6mm) outside the hole of the hidden tunnel section by matching with the retaining arches at 2 m. The hot-rolled seamless steel pipe is formed by connecting a plurality of steel pipes, the length of each section is 5m, the circumferential distance is 40cm, and the external insertion angle is 1-2 degrees. Illustratively, the length of the sub-steel pipe is 5 m.

Step five: constructing an open cut tunnel section forepoling 10 and an arch protection 11.

And circularly arranging a grouting large pipe shed advance support 10 at the open cut tunnel section. The circumferential distance of the advance support 10 is 40cm, the arrangement external inserting angle is 1-2 degrees, and the length is 3-6 m.

Thereafter, the retaining arches 11 are molded. C35 concrete is selected in the molding process, and the thickness of the protective arch 11 is 70 cm.

And finally, anchoring the tail end of the arch protection 11 on the side slope by adopting a foot locking anchor rod 9 to further stabilize the open cut tunnel section.

Step six: and (6) vault backfilling.

And the upper part of the protective arch 11 is backfilled with gravel soil to form a gravel soil backfill layer 12. And a clay water-resisting layer 13 and a planting soil layer 14 are sequentially paved on the gravel soil backfill layer 12. Illustratively, the clay water barrier layer 13 has a thickness of 60cm and the planting soil layer 14 has a thickness of 30 cm.

And then arranging a drainage ditch 15 at the top of the planting soil layer 14 and at one end close to the assembled retaining wall 4.

Step seven: and (5) excavating a hidden tunnel and carrying out closed support.

And excavating the residual surrounding rocks in the tunnel by adopting a subsection excavation method, timely applying I-steel arch frames and anchor-shotcrete support to the hidden tunnel section, and timely spraying C25 concrete for sealing.

Step eight: and excavating the tunnel bottom, and performing tunnel bottom replacement, filling and supporting.

And excavating the tunnel bottom, and then reinforcing the tunnel by adopting a grouting steel perforated pipe 17 with the diameter of 42mm multiplied by 4 mm. The grouting steel perforated pipes 17 are 6m long, 1m in transverse interval and 1m in longitudinal interval, and arranged in a quincunx shape.

In a preferred embodiment, the plurality of slip casting steel floral tubes 17 arranged in a quincunx shape are not identical in size, i.e., not identical in thickness and wall thickness. The plurality of grouting steel perforated pipes 17 are arranged in a specific order at intervals in thickness. Specifically, two pairs of grouting steel floral tubes 17 located on opposite corners of the diamond shape are arranged at intervals in thickness. This embodiment can guarantee the stability of tunnel bottom ground (the tunnel end) through above-mentioned setting, can save thick slip casting steel floral tube 17's use again to reduce cost.

Then, the top of the steel floral tube 17 is filled with C15 concrete to form a stone concrete layer 16, and the filling thickness of the bottom of the inverted arch is about 1 m.

It should be noted that, in a steep road section, the earth cover is thin, and the bearing capacity is insufficient, so the foundation is unstable. The utility model discloses an earlier beat into the steel floral tube in tunnel ground (at the bottom of the tunnel), form the system roof beam, then adopt the concrete to trade at the steel floral tube top and fill, strengthened the stability at the bottom of the steep highway section tunnel, reduce and subside to the quantity of the concrete of filling has been reduced to trade.

Step nine: water prevention and drainage in the tunnel and secondary lining construction.

And integrally laying longitudinal and loop water permeable pipes, non-woven fabrics, waterproof coiled materials and C35 molded concrete with the waterproof grade not lower than P8.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A semi-bright and semi-dark tunnel protection structure is characterized by comprising a pile foundation and an assembled retaining wall;

the pile foundation with the assembled barricade is connected, the assembled barricade includes concrete placement passageway and first recess, the concrete placement passageway is located in the assembled barricade, first recess is located the bottom of assembled barricade.

2. The protective structure according to claim 1, further comprising a retaining arch; the protective arch is arranged on the open tunnel section of the semi-open and semi-dark tunnel, one end of the protective arch is connected with the assembled retaining wall, and the other end of the protective arch is connected with the slope surface above the dark tunnel section of the semi-open and semi-dark tunnel.

3. The protective structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the concrete pouring channel is obliquely disposed with one end communicating with the first groove and the other end communicating with the outside of the fabricated retaining wall.

4. The protective structure according to claim 2, wherein the fabricated retaining wall further comprises vertical side surfaces, inclined side surfaces, and top and bottom surfaces connecting the vertical side surfaces and the inclined side surfaces; the vertical side face is arranged on one side close to the protective arch, and a second groove with an opening facing the protective arch is formed in the vertical side face.

5. The protective structure in accordance with claim 3, wherein said pile foundation includes a base end and a connecting end opposite said base end, said connecting end extending into said fabricated retaining wall.

6. The protective structure according to claim 5, wherein the pile foundation further comprises longitudinal steel bars and hoop reinforcements, and one end of each longitudinal steel bar extends into the fabricated retaining wall and is connected with the fabricated retaining wall.

7. The protective structure according to claim 5, wherein a cushion is provided between the fabricated retaining wall and the base portion.

8. The protective structure according to claim 2, characterized in that a gravel soil backfill layer, a clay water-resisting layer and a planting soil layer are arranged on the protective arches in sequence.

9. The protective structure according to claim 1 or 8, further comprising a foundation reinforcement comprising a steel floral tube disposed in the foundation beneath the tunnel.

10. The protective structure according to claim 9, characterized in that the steel floral tubes are provided with a layer of rubble concrete on top.

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