CN217363077U - Irrelevant bell attitude measuring device based on irrelevant measuring equipment of reference system - Google Patents

Irrelevant bell attitude measuring device based on irrelevant measuring equipment of reference system Download PDF

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CN217363077U
CN217363077U CN202123414562.5U CN202123414562U CN217363077U CN 217363077 U CN217363077 U CN 217363077U CN 202123414562 U CN202123414562 U CN 202123414562U CN 217363077 U CN217363077 U CN 217363077U
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beam splitter
single photon
photon detector
polarization
polarizing beam
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王鹏程
郭邦红
胡敏
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Guangdong Yukopod Technology Development Co ltd
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South China Normal University
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a not having relation to bell attitude measuring device based on not having relation to measuring equipment of reference system, including speculum Mirror 1-Mirror 14, Q board Q-plate2, Q board Q-plate3 and BSM measuring apparatu; the BSM measuring instrument comprises a beam splitter BS, a polarization beam splitter PBS and a single photon detector D 1H Single photon detector D 1V Single photon detector D 2H And a single photon detector D 2V (ii) a Said beam splitter BS and said biasThe vibration beam splitter PBS3 is connected with the polarization beam splitter PBS 4; the single photon detector D 1H And a single photon detector D 1V Is connected with the polarization beam splitter PBS 3; the single photon detector D 2H And a single photon detector D 2V Connected to a polarizing beam splitter PBS 4. The utility model provides a bell attitude measuring device function singleness among the prior art, too rely on the problem of reference system, the utility model discloses need not carry out the reference system and aim at, the complexity of having simplified the system has improved into the code rate.

Description

Irrelevant Bell state measuring device based on reference system irrelevant measuring equipment
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of quantum information and optical communication, concretely relates to based on irrelevant measuring equipment of reference system irrelevant bell attitude measuring device.
Background
The quantum key distribution technology is based on the basic principle of quantum mechanics, and theoretically proves that unconditional and safe key sharing can be realized. However, due to the non-ideal characteristics of actual devices and equipment, the actual security of the quantum key distribution system is different from the theoretical security, wherein the single photon detector in the detection end is the most vulnerable part, and the actual security of the quantum key distribution system is seriously affected.
The measuring equipment Independent Quantum Key Distribution protocol (MDI QKD) perfectly solves the security problem caused by the nonideality of measuring end equipment by utilizing Bell state projection Measurement. In the measuring equipment irrelevant quantum key distribution protocol, both Alice and Bob of legal communication parties are senders, and the legal communication parties send the prepared quantum state to an untrusted third party Charlie to perform Bell state projection measurement to obtain a projected Bell state, wherein the safety of the projected Bell state is irrelevant to the third party.
The prior art patents are as follows: (CN209170385U) proposes a polarization-based Bell-state measurement apparatus, which can form a Bell-state-based measurement device independent quantum key distribution system in combination with a quantum termination unit. But the influence caused by the fluctuation of the reference system is not considered, and the perfect realization is difficult.
The prior art patents are as follows: (CN107332627A) provides a method for disturbing the polarization state of an optical pulse signal or an optical quantum signal by a quantum state preparation sending end, so that the polarization state of the optical pulse signal or the optical quantum signal is uniformly distributed on the surface of a poincare sphere to reduce the influence of the environment on the polarization state. But the method used by the method has the disadvantages of complex operation, complex structure and higher cost.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model aims at providing a be based on irrelevant bell attitude measuring device of reference system, the utility model discloses more excellent proposition utilizes the spin of Q board Q-plate to realize that the irrelevant measuring device of reference system is irrelevant with the nature of track angular momentum coupling, easy operation realizes easily, has solved the condition of bell attitude measuring device function singleness among the prior art. Additionally, the utility model discloses a linear optical element, the technology is mature reliable, and is with low costs, and easy operation, simple structure.
In order to realize the purpose of the utility model, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a non-relevant Bell state measuring device based on a reference system non-relevant measuring device comprises reflectors Mirror 1-Mirror 4, Q-plate2, Q-plate3, a fiber collimator Col3, a fiber collimator Col4 and a BSM measuring instrument; the Mirror1, the Q-plate2, the reflector Mirror Mirror2, the optical fiber collimator Col3 and the BSM measuring instrument are sequentially connected; the reflector Mirror3, the Q-plate3, the reflector Mirror4 and the optical fiber collimator Col4 are sequentially connected
The BSM measuring instrument comprises a beam splitter BS, a polarization beam splitter PBS3, a polarization beam splitter PBS4 and a single photon detector D 1H Single photon detector D 1V Single photon detector D 2H And a single photon detector D 2V (ii) a The beam splitter BS is connected with the polarizing beam splitter PBS3 and a polarizing beam splitter PBS 4; the beam splitter BS, the optical fiber collimator Col3 and the optical fiber collimator Col 4; the single photon detector D 1H And a single photon detector D 1V Is connected with the polarization beam splitter PBS 3; the single photon detector D 2H And a single photon detector D 2V Connected with a polarizing beam splitter PBS 4;
the single photon detector D 1H Single photon detector D 1V Single photon detector D 2H And a single photon detector D 2V Is a threshold detector for detecting whether the light pulse signal arrives.
Preferably, the bell status measuring device further has two receiving ports,the two receiving ports are respectively used for receiving optical pulse signals to be measured sent by an emitting end Alice and an emitting end Bob, the two optical pulse signals to be measured enter a Q-plate2 and a Q-plate3 after being reflected by a reflector Mirror1 and a reflector Mirror3, then enter a beam splitter BS after being reflected by a reflector Mirror2 and a reflector Mirror4 respectively, and are split into a polarization beam splitter PBS3 and a polarization beam splitter PBS4 after being projected at the beam splitter BS; the optical pulse signal output from the polarization beam splitter PBS3 enters a single photon detector D 1H And a single photon detector D 1V Detecting; the optical pulse signal output from the polarization beam splitter PBS4 enters a single photon detector D 2H And a single photon detector D 2V And detecting.
Preferably, the beam splitter BS is a four-port beam splitter, and the beam splitter BS is configured to combine and split the received optical pulse signals, and then enter the polarization beam splitter PBS3 and the polarization beam splitter PBS4, respectively.
Preferably, polarizing beam splitter PBS3 and polarizing beam splitter PBS4 transmit the horizontal polarization state signal and reflect the vertical polarization state signal.
Preferably, the polarizing beam splitter PBS3 and the polarizing beam splitter PBS4 are both 50:50 polarizing beam splitters; the beam splitter BS is a 50:50 beam splitter.
Preferably, said single-photon detector D 1H And a single photon detector D 2H Respectively arranged in the transmission directions of polarizing beam splitter PBS3 and polarizing beam splitter PBS 4; the single photon detector D 1V And a single photon detector D 2V Respectively, in the reflection directions of polarizing beam splitter PBS3 and polarizing beam splitter PBS 4.
Preferably, said single-photon detector D 1H And a single photon detector D 2H The detected optical pulse signal is in a horizontal polarization state; the single photon detector D 1V And a single photon detector D 2V The detected optical pulse signal is in a vertical polarization state.
Preferably, the BSM measuring instrument is configured to measure a polarization state | ψ generated after two optical pulse signals are combined by the beam splitter BS + >And | ψ - >When the polarization state of the optical pulse signal is measured to be | ψ + >While, the single photon detector D 1H And D 1V Or D 2H And D 2V In response, when the polarization state of the optical pulse signal is measured as | ψ - >While, the single photon detector D 1H And D 2V Or D 2H And D 1V And respond at the same time.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:
1. the utility model discloses more preferred proposition one kind is based on irrelevant measuring equipment of reference system independent bell attitude measuring device, and as the relay measurement unit of the irrelevant quantum key distribution of the irrelevant measuring equipment of reference system, combine quantum terminal can form the irrelevant quantum key distribution system of the irrelevant measuring equipment of reference system.
2. The utility model discloses an adopted linear optical element, stability is better, and is with low costs, and the technology is mature reliable.
3. The utility model discloses more excellent utilization Q board Q-plate's correlation property, reached and eliminated the environment to the influence of polarization state, need not carry out the reference system and aim at, simplified the complexity of system and improved the one-tenth code rate, and easy operation, simple structure.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a structural principle of an irrelevant bell measuring device based on a referential system irrelevant measuring device of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a BSM measuring apparatus based on a reference frame-independent measuring device-independent bell state measuring device of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a structural diagram of an emitting end Alice of an irrelevant bell status measuring device based on a reference system irrelevant measuring device according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a structure diagram of a transmitting end Bob of the irrelevant bell status measuring device based on the irrelevant measuring equipment of the reference system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, the present invention provides an irrelevant bell attitude measuring device based on a reference system irrelevant measuring device, which includes a measuring end Charile; the measurement end Charile is used as a relay measurement unit and is connected with the transmitting end Alice and the transmitting end Bob; the transmitting terminal Alice and the transmitting terminal Bob are both key transmitting terminals, namely communication terminals, and are used for generating and modulating laser pulses into different quantum states and distributing keys.
As shown in fig. 3, the transmitting terminal Alice includes a Laser1 and a first sagnac loop modulator connected to each other, and the first sagnac loop modulator includes an intensity modulator IM1, a polarization controller PC1, an optical circulator Cir1, a first transmitting terminal sagnac loop, an optical attenuator ATT1, a fiber collimator Col1, and a Q-plate 1;
as shown in fig. 4, the transmitting-end sagnac loop includes a polarization beam splitter PBS1, a variable optical attenuator VOA1, a phase modulator PMA, and an optical rotator 1; and the polarization beam splitter PBS1, the variable optical attenuator VOA1, the phase modulator PMA and the optical rotator rotor 1 are connected in series by adopting polarization-maintaining optical fibers in sequence.
The transmitting end Bob comprises a Laser2 and a second sagnac loop modulator which are connected with each other, and the second sagnac loop modulator comprises an intensity modulator IM2, a polarization controller PC2, an optical circulator Cir2, a second transmitting end sagnac loop, an optical attenuator ATT2, a fiber collimator Col2 and a Q-plate 4;
the transmitting end sagnac loop comprises a polarization beam splitter PBS2, a variable optical attenuator VOA2, a phase modulator PMB and an optical rotator 2; and the polarization beam splitter PBS2, the variable optical attenuator VOA2, the phase modulator PMB and the optical rotator2 are connected in series by adopting polarization-maintaining optical fibers in sequence.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the Charlie at the measuring end comprises mirrors Mirror 1-Mirror 4, a Q-plate2, a Q-plate3 and a BSM measuring instrument; the BSM measuring instrument comprises a beam splitter BS, a polarization beam splitter PBS3, a polarization beam splitter PBS4 and a single photon detector D 1H Single photon detector D 1V Single photon detector D 2H And a single photon detector D 2V (ii) a The beam splitter BS is connected to the polarizing beam splitter PBS3 and polarizing beam splitter PBS 4; the single photon detector D 1H And a single photon detector D 1V Is connected with the polarizing beam splitter PBS 3; the single photon detector D 2H And a single photon detector D 2V Connected to a polarizing beam splitter PBS 4.
The beam splitter BS is a four-port beam splitter, and the beam splitter BS is configured to combine and split the received optical pulse signals, and enter the polarization beam splitter PBS3 and the polarization beam splitter PBS4, respectively. The polarizing beam splitter PBS3 and polarizing beam splitter PBS4 transmit the horizontal polarization state signal and reflect the vertical polarization state signal. The polarizing beam splitter PBS3 and the polarizing beam splitter PBS4 are both 50:50 polarizing beam splitters; the beam splitter BS is a 50:50 beam splitter.
The single photon detector D 1H And a single photon detector D 2H Respectively arranged in the transmission directions of polarizing beam splitter PBS3 and polarizing beam splitter PBS 4; the single photon detector D 1V And a single photon detector D 2V Respectively, in the reflection directions of polarizing beam splitter PBS3 and polarizing beam splitter PBS 4.
The single photon detector D 1H Single photon detector D 1V Single photon detector D 2H And a single photon detector D 2V Is a threshold detector for detecting whether a light pulse signal arrives. The single photon detector D 1H And a single photon detector D 2H The detected optical pulse signal is in a horizontal polarization state; the single photon detector D 1V And a single photon detector D 2V The detected optical pulse signal is in a vertical polarization state.
The transmitting end Alice and the transmitting end Bob respectively use a Laser Laser1 and a Laser Laser2 to emit 1550nm optical pulse signals, use an intensity modulator IM1 and an intensity modulator IM2 to respectively modulate the intensity of the pulse Laser, use a polarization controller PC1 and a polarization controller PC2 to modulate the optical pulse into a 45-degree polarization state, use a first transmitting end sagnac loop and a second transmitting end sagnac loop to modulate any polarization state, use an optical attenuator ATT1 and an optical attenuator ATT2 to attenuate the optical pulse into a single photon level, use an optical fiber collimator Col1 and an optical fiber collimator Col2 to convert the signals in the optical fiber into a free space, use a Q plate Q-plate1 and a Q plate Q-plate4 to couple the signals, and then send the signals to a measuring end Charlie
The Bell state measuring device is characterized in that optical pulse signals sent by the transmitting end Alice and the transmitting end Bob end are modulated and then transmitted to the measuring end Charlie through a free space channel, the Bell state measuring device is further provided with two receiving ports, the two receiving ports are respectively used for receiving optical pulse signals to be measured sent by the transmitting end Alice and the transmitting end Bob, the two optical pulse signals to be measured are respectively reflected to a Q plate Q-plate2 and a Q plate Q-plate3 through reflecting mirrors Mirror1 and Mirror3, the two optical pulse signals to be measured are respectively demodulated through a Q Q plate Q-plate2 and a Q plate Q-plate3, then are respectively reflected to optical fiber collimators Col3 and Col4 through reflecting mirrors Mirror2 and Mirror4, and are respectively coupled into optical fibers through the optical fiber collimators Col3 and Col 4. As shown in fig. 2, two signals are transmitted to the BSM measuring instrument for Bell-state measurement, and each single photon detector has different responses according to the measurement result.
The BSM measuring instrument is used for measuring the polarization state | psi generated after two paths of optical pulse signals are combined by the beam splitter BS + >And | ψ - >,
When single photon detector D 1H And D 1V Or D 2H And D 2V At the time of simultaneous response, quantum state is expressed as | psi + >;
When single photon detector D 1H And D 2V Or D 2H And D 1V At the time of simultaneous response, quantum state is expressed as | psi - >;
The above two cases are successful measurements.
The measurement end Charlie publishes the measurement result of the BSM measuring instrument through a classical channel, and the communication parties obtain the detection result from the measurement end Charlie.
The utility model discloses in, | H > and | V > are Z base, | + > and | be X base, and when the base that Alice and Bob selected is inequality, we considered it not to select to the base, under this condition, can abandon when the both sides of communication are to the base, when the both sides of communication select X base or Z base in the time of one simultaneously, through the bell attitude measurement of measuring terminal Charlie, can become the sign indicating number according to the response result of the single photon detector of difference. The corresponding relationship between the detection result and the code forming result is shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 1
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA0003699391700000051
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA0003699391700000061
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:
1. the utility model discloses more preferred proposing a irrelevant bell attitude measuring device of reference system irrelevant measuring equipment, as the relay measurement unit of the irrelevant quantum key distribution of reference system irrelevant measuring equipment, combine quantum terminal can form the irrelevant quantum key distribution system of measuring equipment based on reference system.
2. The utility model discloses an adopted linear optical element, stability is better, and is with low costs, and the technology is mature reliable.
3. The utility model discloses more excellent utilization Q board Q-plate's correlation property, reached and eliminated the environment to the influence of polarization state, need not carry out the reference system and aim at, simplified the complexity of system and improved the one-tenth code rate, and easy operation, simple structure.
Variations and modifications to the above-described embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art, in light of the above teachings and teachings. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, and some modifications and changes to the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention. In addition, although specific terms are used in the specification, the terms are used for convenience of description and do not limit the utility model in any way.

Claims (7)

1. A measurement device based on a reference system independent measurement device independent Bell state is characterized in that: the device comprises mirrors Mirror 1-Mirror 4, Q plates Q-plate2, Q plates Q-plate3, a fiber collimator Col3, a fiber collimator Col4 and a BSM measuring instrument; the Mirror1, the Q-plate2, the reflector Mirror2, the optical fiber collimator Col3 and the BSM measuring instrument are sequentially connected; the reflector Mirror3, the Q-plate3, the reflector Mirror4 and the optical fiber collimator Col4 are sequentially connected;
the BSM measuring instrument comprises a beam splitter BS, a polarization beam splitter PBS3, a polarization beam splitter PBS4 and a single photon detector D 1H Single photon detector D 1V Single photon detector D 2H And a single photon detector D 2V (ii) a The beam splitter BS is connected to the polarizing beam splitter PBS3 and polarizing beam splitter PBS 4; the beam splitter BS, the optical fiber collimator Col3 and the optical fiber collimator Col 4; the single photon detector D 1H And a single photon detector D 1V Is connected with the polarization beam splitter PBS 3; the single photon detector D 2H And a single photon detector D 2V Connected with a polarizing beam splitter PBS 4;
the single photon detector D 1H Single photon detector D 1V Single photon detector D 2H And a single photon detector D 2V Is a threshold detector for detecting whether a light pulse signal arrives.
2. The device for measuring the irrelevant Bell state based on the reference frame irrelevant measuring equipment according to claim 1, wherein: the Bell state measuring device is also provided with two receiving ports, the two receiving ports are respectively used for receiving optical pulse signals to be measured sent by an emitting end Alice and an emitting end Bob, the two optical pulse signals to be measured enter a Q plate Q-plate2 and a Q plate Q-plate3 through the reflection of a reflector Mirror1 and a reflector Mirror3, then enter a beam splitter BS through the reflection of a reflector Mirror2 and a reflector Mirror4 respectively, are projected at the beam splitter BS, are split and enter a polarization beam splitter PBS3 and a polarization beam splitter PBS4 respectively; the optical pulse signal output from the polarization beam splitter PBS3 enters a single photon detector D 1H And a single photon detector D 1V Detecting; the optical pulse signal output from the polarization beam splitter PBS4 enters a single photon detector D 2H And a single photon detector D 2V And (6) detecting.
3. The device according to claim 2, wherein the device comprises: the beam splitter BS is a four-port beam splitter, and the beam splitter BS is configured to combine and split the received optical pulse signals, and enter the polarization beam splitter PBS3 and the polarization beam splitter PBS4, respectively.
4. The device according to claim 2, wherein the device comprises: the polarizing beam splitter PBS3 and polarizing beam splitter PBS4 transmit the horizontal polarization state signal and reflect the vertical polarization state signal.
5. The device according to claim 2, wherein the device comprises: the polarizing beam splitter PBS3 and the polarizing beam splitter PBS4 are both 50:50 polarizing beam splitters; the beam splitter BS is a 50:50 beam splitter.
6. The device according to claim 2, wherein the device comprises: the single photon detector D 1H And a single photon detector D 2H Respectively disposed in the transmission directions of polarizing beam splitter PBS3 and polarizing beam splitter PBS 4; the single photon detector D 1V And a single photon detector D 2V Respectively, in the reflection directions of polarizing beam splitter PBS3 and polarizing beam splitter PBS 4.
7. The device according to claim 6, wherein the device comprises: the single photon detector D 1H And a single photon detector D 2H The detected optical pulse signal is in a horizontal polarization state; the single photon detector D 1V And a single photon detector D 2V The detected optical pulse signal is in a vertical polarization state.
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Effective date of registration: 20240112

Address after: 510663 room A105, first floor, ladder a, No. 11, panglv Road, Science City, Guangzhou high tech Industrial Development Zone, Guangdong Province

Patentee after: Guangdong Yukopod Technology Development Co.,Ltd.

Address before: School of information and optoelectronics, South China Normal University, 378 Waihuan West Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000

Patentee before: SOUTH CHINA NORMAL University