CN217299054U - All-round monitoring system suitable for high steep cutting side slope - Google Patents

All-round monitoring system suitable for high steep cutting side slope Download PDF

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Publication number
CN217299054U
CN217299054U CN202123412071.7U CN202123412071U CN217299054U CN 217299054 U CN217299054 U CN 217299054U CN 202123412071 U CN202123412071 U CN 202123412071U CN 217299054 U CN217299054 U CN 217299054U
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China
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monitoring
slope
displacement
side slope
steep cutting
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Inventor
杨廷玺
李�杰
李颐
蒋关鲁
代政
孟维正
刘艳锋
晏长城
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China Railway 18th Bureau Group Co Ltd
Tunnel Engineering Co Ltd of China Railway 18th Bureau Group Co Ltd
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China Railway 18th Bureau Group Co Ltd
Tunnel Engineering Co Ltd of China Railway 18th Bureau Group Co Ltd
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    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract

The utility model discloses an all-round monitoring system suitable for high steep cutting side slope, involve side slope monitoring technology field, monitoring system has contained monitoring sensor, the data acquisition module, communication module, small-size monitoring station etc, long-term comprehensive monitoring contains the earth's surface displacement, soil body deep displacement, supporting construction stress, soil pressure, the pore water pressure, data such as soil body moisture content and rainfall, the comprehensiveness of data has been guaranteed, continuity, behind the supporting software processing monitoring data of rethread monitoring instrument, can be more convenient, swiftly and know side slope stress deformation state and structure effect comprehensively, and then can make the evaluation to side slope stability situation, provide suggestion and guide for the side slope excavation construction, provide the guarantee for traffic facilities operation safety.

Description

All-round monitoring system suitable for high steep cutting side slope
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a side slope monitoring technology field, more specifically say, relate to an all-round monitoring system and monitoring method suitable for high steep cutting side slope.
Background
With the rapid development of economy in China, unprecedented scale and quantity of infrastructure construction related to transportation, petrochemical energy, water conservancy and hydropower, mining and the like are generated. Among them, the side slope is one of the most involved projects in the engineering construction, and particularly in the large-scale infrastructure, the problem of geological disasters formed by landslide and excavation side slope projects is more prominent.
In the excavation construction and long-term operation of the high and steep cutting slope of the railway, the dynamic monitoring of the slope has very important significance for the perfect protection design of the slope and the guarantee of the engineering safety.
In the existing high and steep cutting slope monitoring method, some patents about slope monitoring exist, but most of the monitoring methods are single, the monitored projects are few and incomplete, and the stability of the high and steep cutting slope cannot be accurately reflected. Therefore, an all-dimensional monitoring system suitable for a high and steep cutting slope is needed to monitor and analyze the slope stability.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide an all-round monitoring system suitable for high steep cutting side slope comes monitoring, analysis to the side slope.
In order to realize the above purpose, the utility model discloses a technical scheme be an all-round monitoring system suitable for high steep cutting side slope, including displacement monitoring pile 1, pile bolck displacement monitoring point 3, inclinometer 2, soil body water content sensor 4, osmometer 5, bar gauge 6, anchor rope dynamometer 7 and magnetic flux sensor 8. The displacement monitoring piles 1 and the pile top displacement monitoring points 3 are dispersedly arranged at the high and steep cutting slope.
The inclinometer 2 is vertically embedded downwards along the side part of each step flat slope of each high and steep cutting slope; the inclinometer 2 is provided with a soil water content sensor 4 and an osmometer 5; the reinforcing steel bar meter 6 is horizontally arranged along the side part of each stepped slope of each high-steep cutting slope, and the magnetic flux sensor 8 is horizontally and transversely arranged along the side part of each stepped flat slope of each high-steep cutting slope; the anchor cable dynamometer 7 is horizontally arranged along each stepped flat slope of each high and steep cutting slope. And the side part of the pile top displacement monitoring point 3 is provided with a soil pressure box 9.
Furthermore, the displacement monitoring pile 1 is a prefabricated reinforced concrete pile, the prefabricated reinforced concrete pile exceeds the surface of the high and steep cutting slope by 10-20 cm, and the displacement monitoring pile 1 is arranged along the direction of the landslide inclination.
Further, the pile top displacement monitoring point 3 is used for monitoring ground surface displacement, and reinforcing steel bars with cross-shaped centers are pre-buried on the pile top displacement monitoring point 3 for monitoring ground surface displacement.
Further, the environment of a high and steep cutting slope is monitored by a small weather station.
The utility model discloses an all-round monitoring method of high steep cutting side slope, move monitoring pile 1, pile bolck displacement monitoring point 3, inclinometer 2, soil body water content sensor 4, osmometer 5, bar meter 6, anchor rope dynamometer 7 and magnetic flux sensor 8 and be used for gathering the monitoring point data of high steep cutting side slope for real-time recording monitors high steep cutting side slope omnidirectional data, high steep cutting side slope omnidirectional data includes the displacement data on side slope surface, side slope body deep displacement data, the inside stock of side slope body, anchor rope stress data, pile body internal stress data, before the pile, back soil body soil pressure data, pore water pressure data in the soil body, moisture content data to and the slope regional real-time rainfall data of realizing.
The monitoring points send the data of each monitoring point to the server every preset time;
the server processes and analyzes the sent data of each monitoring point, and judges whether the slope is stable according to the processing and analyzing result;
each monitoring point transmits monitoring data acquired within preset time to a server through a communication module;
further, the server is configured to process and analyze the monitoring data transmitted by each monitoring point, and determine whether the data is stable according to a processing and analyzing result;
the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has: the high and steep cutting slope is monitored in all directions through soil body displacement, hydrology, soil pressure, supporting structure stress and the like, and collected data are transmitted to a server through a communication module for processing and analysis, so that the purposes of monitoring and analyzing the high and steep cutting slope in all directions are achieved;
drawings
Fig. 1 is the utility model relates to a high steep cutting side slope all-round monitoring system's of high-speed railway realization flow schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the monitoring point arrangement diagram of the high-speed railway high-steep cutting slope omnibearing monitoring system in one embodiment of the utility model.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The utility model relates to an all-round monitoring system and monitoring method suitable for high steep cutting side slope, the monitoring sensor has been contained, the data acquisition module, communication module, and contents such as mini-server, can continuously monitor the displacement on side slope body surface, the side slope body is deep to be put forward, the stock of side slope internal portion, anchor rope stress, pile body internal stress, before the stake, back soil body soil pressure, side slope soil body internal pore water pressure, the moisture content, real-time rainfall etc. in the side slope region, insert collection module with the sensor line, insert the computer, use the collection processing data that the supporting software of corresponding instrument can be comparatively convenient, recycle the server and do corresponding processing analysis to data, and judge whether stable side slope according to processing analysis's result.
A high and steep cutting slope monitoring system comprises a monitoring sensor, an acquisition module, a communication module and a small monitoring station, and can monitor the displacement of the surface of a slope body, the deep position displacement of the slope body, the stress of an anchor rod and an anchor cable in the slope body, the internal stress of a pile body, the soil pressure of a soil body in front of and behind the pile, the pore water pressure and the water content in the soil body of the slope, and the real-time rainfall monitoring in a slope area;
the acquisition module uses corresponding sensors to monitor the data in the high and steep cutting slope monitoring system, records the monitoring acquisition information in the storage module, transmits the field data into the server in a mobile data channel form through the communication module for storage, and processes and analyzes the data by using software matched with the instrument;
the acquisition module comprises a side slope earth surface displacement information acquisition module, a side slope body deep part displacement information acquisition module, a stress information acquisition module, a soil pressure information acquisition module, a soil body internal pore water pressure information acquisition module, a water content information acquisition module and a real-time rainfall information acquisition module;
the side slope earth surface displacement information acquisition comprises concrete displacement monitoring piles, wherein the monitoring piles are arranged at a plurality of places of the high and steep cutting side slope and arranged along the direction of mountain landslide inclination; the monitoring pile is connected with the side slope body into a whole in a cast-in-place concrete mode;
the sensors used for acquiring the displacement information of the deep part of the side slope body are inclinometers, holes are drilled downwards at each platform of the selected side slope, and the inclinometers are embedded in the side slope body;
the sensors for collecting the stress information comprise an anchor cable dynamometer and a magnetic flux sensor which are adopted by an anchor cable, and a reinforcing steel bar meter which is adopted by an anchor rod and a pile body; the magnetic flux sensor is embedded in the anchor section of the anchor cable, and the anchor cable dynamometer is fixed at the anchor head at the end part of the anchor cable; the reinforcing bar meter is arranged in the anchor rod and the pile body main reinforcement by adopting a welding method, and in the welding process, watering and cooling are carried out to prevent a reinforcing bar meter assembly from being burnt out due to the fact that heat is dissipated too fast;
the sensors used for collecting pore water pressure information in the soil body are osmometers, holes are drilled at each platform of the slope, an artificial filter layer is installed at the position of a water inlet of the osmometer, the osmometer is installed and embedded, permeable fillers are backfilled after the installation is finished, and bentonite balls or grouting are used for sealing the holes;
the sensor used for acquiring the water content information in the soil body is a soil body water content sensor, the soil body water content sensor is inserted into an area to be measured at the drill hole, and the hole is filled with soil after the installation is finished;
the water content information in the soil is acquired by a small meteorological station, and six main meteorological elements such as atmospheric temperature, atmospheric humidity, wind speed, wind direction, air pressure and rainfall can be automatically and simultaneously measured.
As shown in fig. 2, according to the utility model discloses in the embodiment of a high-speed railway high steep cutting side slope all-round monitoring system, wherein monitoring system includes: the device comprises a displacement monitoring module, a moisture monitoring module, a stress information acquisition module and a soil pressure information acquisition module.
In the embodiment of the high and steep cutting slope as shown in fig. 2, the inclinometer 2 is a fixed inclinometer and is firstly embedded in three platforms of the high and steep cutting slope for monitoring the deep displacement of the slope body, and the change of the deep displacement is that the slope body generates the shear deformation and the damage is the greatestThe method comprises the following steps of installing an inclinometer downwards at a preset drilling position, connecting a plurality of inclinometers in series and embedding the inclinometers at different depths, when an area to be measured deforms, enabling the sensors in the inclinometers to sensitively sense the inclination angle change at each depth, further solving horizontal displacement increment at different elevations according to the inclination angle, then outputting a voltage signal and displaying the voltage signal on a display of a reading instrument, wherein the signal output by the instrument is based on a guide groove of the inclinometer guide pipe, and is a function sin theta of the inclination angle on a standard distance L between an upper guide wheel and a lower guide wheel of a measuring head at a certain depth i And converting the signal to a horizontal displacement, i.e. delta i =Lsinθ i Therefore, the horizontal displacement at any elevation can be obtained by accumulating section by section from the measuring points at the bottom of the inclinometer.
In the embodiment of the high and steep cutting slope as shown in fig. 2, the displacement monitoring piles 1 arranged on the slope body are prefabricated reinforced concrete piles which need to exceed the surface of the platform by 10-20 cm and are connected with the slope body into a whole in a cast-in-place concrete mode, the monitoring piles are arranged at a plurality of places of the high and steep cutting slope and are arranged along the landslide inclination direction, the displacement monitoring piles are used for measuring the earth surface displacement through a total station, namely measuring points are emitted by the total station and are buried by referring to standard leveling points, all base points and nearby leveling points are jointly measured to obtain the original elevation, and then the total station is used for monitoring the displacement piles on the slope body and measuring the horizontal displacement of the earth surface and the vertical displacement of the earth surface.
In the embodiment of the high steep cutting slope shown in fig. 2, a pile top displacement monitoring point 3 is mainly used for monitoring the earth surface displacement, and a 0.5m long pile top with a cross center is embedded in the pile top
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA0003696290200000041
The displacement of the pile top of the HPB235 steel bar is monitored through a total station, namely the displacement of the ground surface is monitored.
The displacement monitoring pile 1, the fixed inclinometer 2 and the pile top displacement monitoring point 3 form a displacement monitoring module, wherein the displacement monitoring pile 1 and the pile top displacement monitoring point 3 form a side slope earth surface displacement information acquisition module, the fixed inclinometer 2 forms a side slope body deep position displacement information acquisition module, the soil body deep displacement is measured by using the inclinometer 2 buried in the slope body, the earth surface horizontal displacement and the earth surface vertical displacement are measured by using the displacement monitoring pile 1 arranged on the side slope body through a total station, the pile top displacement is measured by using the installed pile top displacement monitoring point 3 through the total station, the accumulated deformation and the displacement rate of each position are obtained through data analysis, the side slope deformation condition is known, and the stability of the side slope is judged according to the conditions.
In the embodiment of a high and steep cutting slope, the soil water content sensor 4 is a JMSF-1I type soil water content sensor, and is mainly used for monitoring the water content in the soil, the change of the water content of the soil in the slope can be monitored in real time, the change of the water content of the soil can directly reflect the penetration degree of rainwater in the soil, and in order to ensure that the effective measuring area of the soil water content sensor is in close contact with the soil, therefore, when the soil water content sensor is vertically installed, a hole with the diameter of 50mm is dug firstly, then the soil water content sensor is inserted into the area to be measured, when the soil water content sensor is horizontally installed, a hole or a ditch with the diameter large enough needs to be dug firstly, the soil water content sensor is horizontally inserted into the area to be measured, and then local soil is used for filling and compacting.
In the embodiment of the high steep cutting slope, the osmometer 5 is a JMZX-5503HAT type osmometer, belongs to an intelligent chordal osmometer, the device is used for monitoring the pore water pressure of a soil body in a side slope, monitoring the change trend of the pore water pressure in the side slope caused by rainfall and other factors in the excavation construction and operation period, analyzing the possible development trend of the side slope stability, completely soaking the osmometer in clear water for several hours and reading measured values when the osmometer is buried, ensuring that the osmometer can be normally used, installing an artificial filter layer at the position of a water inlet of the osmometer, namely wrapping the osmometer by using a green protective net on the site, the water inlet of the osmometer is guaranteed to be unblocked, the water inlet is prevented from being blocked by mud, the mud is used for protecting the wall to form a hole, the diameter of the hole is preferably 100-130 mm, the drilled hole is kept straight and clean, the osmometer is buried in the hole, then the permeable filler is backfilled, and the hole is sealed by bentonite balls or grouting.
The soil body water content sensor 4 and the osmometer 5 form a water monitoring module, wherein the soil body water content sensor forms a soil body internal water content information acquisition module, the osmometer forms a soil body internal pore water pressure information acquisition module, the soil body water content sensor embedded in the slope body is utilized to monitor the water content change of the soil in the slope body in real time, and the osmometer embedded in the slope body is utilized to monitor the change of the pore water pressure of the soil body in the side slope.
In the embodiment of a high and steep cutting slope, a steel bar meter 6 adopts a JMZX-416HAT type steel bar meter, belongs to a vibrating wire type steel bar stress meter and is used for monitoring the stress of an anchoring pile, an anchor rod and a soil nail.
In the embodiment of the high and steep cutting slope, the anchor cable dynamometer 7 uses a JMZX-3110HAT type anchor cable meter, belongs to a vibrating wire type anchor cable dynamometer, and is used for measuring the prestress and the prestress loss in the anchor cable stretching and anchoring process, monitoring the stress change after the anchor cable stretching is completed, analyzing the reinforcing effect and the operation working state of the prestressed anchor cable, and firstly penetrating the prestressed anchor cable into a pressure-bearing steel cylinder of the instrument and then installing the anchor cable dynamometer between a working anchor head of an anchor rod and a steel cushion seat during installation.
In the embodiment of the high and steep cutting slope, the magnetic flux sensor 8 is used for measuring the stress distribution of the anchor section of the anchor rope along the length of the rod, the magnetic flux sensor is sleeved into a corresponding position in the anchor section of the anchor rope and is tightly fixed by a plurality of binding wires, and the sensor is prevented from sliding back and forth.
The steel bar meter 6, the anchor cable dynamometer 7 and the magnetic flux sensor 8 form a stress information acquisition module, wherein the steel bar meter is used for monitoring stress changes of the anchor rods and the anchoring piles, the anchor cable dynamometer is used for monitoring stress changes in the anchor cable tensioning process and after tensioning is completed, and the magnetic flux sensor is used for monitoring stress changes of the anchor cable anchoring sections along the length of the anchor rods. In the embodiment of the high and steep cutting slope, the soil pressure cell 9 is a JMZX-5006AM type soil pressure cell, belongs to a vibrating string type soil pressure cell, and is used for monitoring the soil pressure change of the soil body before and after the pile.
The soil pressure box 9 forms a soil pressure information acquisition module for monitoring the soil pressure change of the soil body before and after the pile to know the stress condition inside the slope body, and then the deformation condition of the slope is comprehensively considered by combining the displacement amounts acquired by the slope surface displacement information acquisition module and the slope body deep displacement information acquisition module.
In the embodiment of a high and steep cutting slope, the small meteorological station 10 is used for automatically and simultaneously monitoring six main meteorological elements such as atmospheric temperature, atmospheric humidity, wind speed, wind direction, air pressure and rainfall, and therefore the influence of all the meteorological elements on monitoring items is analyzed. The NHQXZ-W-609 micro weather station can be adopted, and is convenient to use in an outfield, high-precision digital air pressure, temperature, humidity, wind direction and wind speed, various communication modes, debugging-free, foldable telescopic performance, self-contained power supply and the like are selected, so that the system is very suitable for short-term observation of various emergency temporary weather, long-term continuous small weather monitoring and real-time acquisition of various mobile portable weather data.
The small-sized weather station can not only complete monitoring of multiple weather elements, but also form a real-time rainfall information acquisition module to complete monitoring of real-time rainfall and other multiple weather elements of the location of the monitored project. Each monitoring sensor in the monitoring sensor modules is connected into a corresponding data acquisition module in the data acquisition module, acquired data are transmitted into the server through the communication module, acquired field data are transmitted into the server in a mobile data channel mode through the communication module to be stored, and data are processed and analyzed through software matched with an instrument, so that the purpose of comprehensively monitoring the high and steep cutting slope in real time is achieved.
The monitoring module completes analysis of data finally obtained by processing through the monitoring sensor module, the data acquisition module, the communication module, the server and the like, and if the data obtained by monitoring through a certain accumulated sensor is judged to be out of a safety range through the monitoring module, corresponding managers are prompted to take corresponding measures immediately when the monitored project is dangerous.
The scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments.
The utility model discloses it is right to have adopted specific engineering case the utility model discloses the principle and implementation method have carried out the system explanation, and above-mentioned detailed embodiment explanation is only used for introducing the utility model discloses a method and embodiment. The foundation the utility model discloses the monitoring of multiple work point can be developed to specific implementation method and test range. The technical solution according to the present invention, those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments, which also belong to the technical innovation scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. The utility model provides an all-round monitoring system suitable for high steep cutting side slope which characterized in that: the device comprises a displacement monitoring pile (1), a pile top displacement monitoring point (3), an inclinometer (2), a soil mass water content sensor (4), an osmometer (5), a reinforcing steel bar meter (6), an anchor cable dynamometer (7) and a magnetic flux sensor (8); the displacement monitoring piles (1) and pile top displacement monitoring points (3) are dispersedly arranged on the high and steep cutting slope;
the inclinometer (2) is vertically embedded downwards along the side part of each step flat slope of each high and steep cutting slope; the inclinometer (2) is provided with a soil water content sensor (4) and an osmometer (5); the reinforcing steel bar meter (6) is horizontally arranged along the side part of each stepped slope of each high and steep cutting slope, and the magnetic flux sensor (8) is horizontally and transversely arranged along the side part of each stepped flat slope of each high and steep cutting slope; the anchor cable dynamometer (7) is horizontally arranged along each step flat slope of each high and steep cutting slope; a soil pressure box (9) is arranged on the side part of the pile top displacement monitoring point (3); the displacement monitoring pile (1) is a prefabricated reinforced concrete pile.
2. The omnibearing monitoring system suitable for the high-steep cutting slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: the prefabricated reinforced concrete pile exceeds the surface of the high and steep cutting slope by 10-20 cm, and the displacement monitoring pile (1) is arranged along the direction of the landslide inclination.
3. The omnibearing monitoring system suitable for the high-steep cutting slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pile top displacement monitoring point (3) is used for monitoring the earth surface displacement, and reinforcing steel bars with cross centers are pre-buried on the pile top displacement monitoring point (3) for monitoring the earth surface displacement.
4. The all-round monitoring system suitable for high steep cutting slope of claim 1, characterized in that: the environment of a high and steep cutting slope is monitored by a small weather station.
CN202123412071.7U 2021-12-31 2021-12-31 All-round monitoring system suitable for high steep cutting side slope Expired - Fee Related CN217299054U (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115492175A (en) * 2022-09-19 2022-12-20 中交第一公路勘察设计研究院有限公司 Automatic monitoring system and method for highway side slope

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115492175A (en) * 2022-09-19 2022-12-20 中交第一公路勘察设计研究院有限公司 Automatic monitoring system and method for highway side slope

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