CN217183207U - Four-segment winding motor switching system - Google Patents
Four-segment winding motor switching system Download PDFInfo
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- CN217183207U CN217183207U CN202122650695.6U CN202122650695U CN217183207U CN 217183207 U CN217183207 U CN 217183207U CN 202122650695 U CN202122650695 U CN 202122650695U CN 217183207 U CN217183207 U CN 217183207U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a four-segment winding motor switching system, which comprises a motor controller, a stator winding, a switching circuit and an absorption circuit; the motor controller is connected with a stator winding through three phase lines, each phase of the stator winding comprises four parts, namely a first winding part, a second winding part, a third winding part and a fourth winding part, each winding part is connected through a switching circuit, and the absorption circuit is connected with each switching circuit; the utility model discloses well motor has four sections windings, through the switching of four sections windings, can realize the effect of four grades of gearboxes, than two grades of variable speed performance promotion. The utility model discloses the well stage number of switching is many, and it is little to strike in the switching process, and the continuity is better, and is littleer to each item device injury in the system simultaneously, life that can effectual extension fixture.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the three-phase machine technique and specifically relates to a quartering winding motor switched systems.
Background
For an electric automobile, under different working conditions, the performance requirements on a driving motor system are different.
When the vehicle is accelerated from zero/low speed, or in the case of starting on a slope or the like, the vehicle speed or the motor speed is low at this time, but a large torque is required to overcome the component of the friction force or the vehicle's own weight. Motor torque is proportional to magnetic flux density, and therefore a high magnetic flux density is required.
At high speed cruise, the system generally has low torque requirements, but for more efficient operation of the vehicle drive motor, it is desirable to reduce the flux density. In the high-speed region, the iron loss is high, and the iron loss is substantially proportional to the square of the magnetic flux density. Therefore, the lower the magnetic flux density, the lower the iron loss. In addition, if the motor is a permanent magnet motor, the back electromotive force (voltage) generated by the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet also increases as the rotation speed increases. The voltage level of the battery on the vehicle is limited, and when the back electromotive force reaches a voltage which can be applied to the motor by the inverter, the current in the motor can not pass any more, and the rotating speed can not rise any more. Therefore, in order to increase the maximum speed, the magnetic flux density is also reduced to suppress the back electromotive force — for this reason, a field weakening control technique is generally used to generate a magnetic flux in the opposite direction to the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet, thereby reducing the back electromotive force and increasing the rotation speed. However, in order to generate magnetic flux in the opposite direction, current must be passed through the stator windings, which also increases losses and also increases the risk of demagnetization of the permanent magnets. Therefore, the range of the field weakening is not too wide.
That is, the magnitude of torque and the magnetic flux density required in the low speed region and the high speed region are different.
In the prior art, patent CN 201310041277.4 proposes a technique for switching windings at high and low speeds. The stator coil is divided into two parts, and current passes through all the coils during low-speed rotation, and passes through some of the coils during high-speed rotation. However, the full-control device IGBT is used in the technology, the cost is high, overvoltage can be generated in the active turn-off process, and the winding insulation and the IGBT tube are damaged; the RC buffer circuit in the switching circuit increases the complexity of the system, and the capacitor is often large in size and weak, so that the RC buffer circuit has a fault risk under overvoltage impact.
Patents CN 201510508099.0 and CN 2016100899171.1 also propose switching devices and methods for implementing high-speed and low-speed control through winding switching, but both require providing a separate dc power supply or a separate main inverter circuit, which increases the complexity of system design and control complexity, and is not favorable for integrating the switching devices inside the motor.
At present, in order to meet the requirements of high speed, low speed and large torque, a mainstream motor driver manufacturer has more schemes of two motors, namely, the motors with large and small rated powers are matched for use, the two motors are connected together through a universal driving shaft, and different motors are controlled and used under different conditions respectively.
At present, patents aiming at a segmented winding motor and a switching circuit are mainly developed around a two-segmented motor, and no patent for the switching research of the two-segmented and above winding motors exists.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses aim at: aiming at the problems, the four-segment winding motor switching system is provided, and various problems in the prior art are solved.
The utility model discloses a realize through following scheme:
a four-segment winding motor switching system comprises a motor controller, a stator winding, a switching circuit and an absorption circuit; the motor controller is connected with the stator winding through three phase lines, each phase of the stator winding comprises four parts, namely a first winding part, a second winding part, a third winding part and a fourth winding part, each winding part is connected through a switching circuit, and the absorption circuit is connected with each switching circuit.
Based on the four-segment winding motor switching system, the switching circuit comprises a diode half-bridge circuit, a controllable switch half-bridge circuit, a first circuit and a second circuit; the number of the diode half-bridge lines is 2, and the number of the controllable switch half-bridge lines is one; two diode half-bridge lines and a controllable switch half-bridge line are arranged in parallel with the first line and the second line, respectively.
Based on the four-segment winding motor switching system, the diode half-bridge circuit comprises 2 diodes, the two diodes are arranged in series, and the directions of the two diodes are the same; the controllable switch half-bridge circuit comprises 2 controllable switches, and the two controllable switches are connected in series.
Based on the four-segment winding motor switching system, the first circuit and the second circuit are respectively provided with the guide diodes, and the direction of the guide diodes on the first circuit is the same as that of the guide diodes on the second circuit.
Based on the four-segment winding motor switching system, the first winding part, the second winding part, the third winding part and the fourth winding part are connected together through the switching circuit respectively, and the switching circuit structures connected by the four-segment winding are the same.
Based on above-mentioned quartered winding motor switching system, absorption circuit includes absorption resistance and absorption capacitance, absorption capacitance and absorption resistance series arrangement, absorption circuit is whole to be connected with the switching circuit of each winding portion.
To sum up, owing to adopted above-mentioned technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:
1. the utility model discloses well motor has four sections windings, through the switching of four sections windings, can realize the effect of four grades of gearboxes, than two grades of variable speed performance promotion.
2. The utility model discloses the well stage number of switching is many, and it is little to strike in the switching process, and the continuity is better, and is littleer to each item device injury in the system simultaneously, life that can effectual extension fixture.
3. The utility model discloses well multistage winding switches sharing buffer circuit, reduce cost and volume.
4. The utility model discloses well speed governing scope according to the system needs calculates the turn ratio of winding, can make the weak magnetic degree under every kind of mode shallow as far as possible, makes weak magnetic control easier.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a motor winding switching device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a mechanical characteristic curve of the middle four-segment winding motor of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the setting of the switching speed return difference according to the present invention;
description of the drawings: 1. a motor controller; 2. a stator winding; 3. a switching circuit; 4. an absorption circuit; 21. A first winding part; 22. a second winding portion; 23. a third winding portion; 24. a fourth winding part; 31. a diode half-bridge line; 32. a controllable switched half-bridge circuit; 33. a first line; 34. a second line; 35. A steering diode; 41. an absorption resistance; 42. absorbing the capacitance.
Detailed Description
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations of features and/or steps that are mutually exclusive.
Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract) may be replaced by alternative features serving equivalent or similar purposes, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature is only an example of a generic series of equivalent or similar features.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the designated device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a four-segment winding motor switching system includes a motor controller 1, a stator winding 2, a switching circuit 3 and an absorption circuit 4; the motor controller 1 is connected with a stator winding 2 through three phase lines, each phase of the stator winding 2 comprises four parts, namely a first winding part 21, a second winding part 22, a third winding part 23 and a fourth winding part 24, each winding part is connected through a switching circuit 3, and the absorption circuit 4 is connected with each switching circuit 3;
the switching circuit 3 comprises a diode half-bridge line 31, a controllable switch half-bridge line 32, a first line 33 and a second line 34; the number of the diode half-bridge lines 31 is 2, and the number of the controllable switch half-bridge lines 32 is one; two diode half-bridge lines 31 and a controllable switch half-bridge line 32 are arranged in parallel with a first line 33 and a second line 34, respectively;
the diode half-bridge line 31 comprises 2 diodes, the two diodes are arranged in series, and the directions of the two diodes are the same;
the controllable switch half-bridge line 32 comprises 2 controllable switches, two of which are arranged in series;
the first line 33 and the second line 34 are respectively provided with a guide diode 35, the direction of the guide diode 35 on the first line 33 is the same as that of the guide diode 35 on the second line 34, the unidirectional current can be ensured through the guide diodes 35 on the first line 33 and the second line 34, and when abnormal conditions occur, the current is prevented from damaging other components.
Neutral points of the first winding part 21, the second winding part 22, the third winding part 23 and the fourth winding part 24 are not directly connected but are respectively connected together through the switching circuit 3, and the semiconductor switching circuits 3 connected by four sections of windings have the same structure;
the number of turns of the first winding part 21 is W1, and the three-phase windings of the first winding part 21 are respectively marked as a1, B1 and C1; the C1 phase and the B1 phase of the first winding portion 21 are connected to the diode half-bridge line 31, respectively, and the connection points of the C1 phase and the B1 phase to the diode half-bridge line 31 connected thereto are located at the connection points of 2 diodes in the diode half-bridge line 31;
the a1 phase of the first winding part 21 is connected to the controllable switch half-bridge line 32 and the connection point of the a1 phase to the controllable switch half-bridge line 32 is located at the connection of two controllable switch halves of the controllable switch half-bridge line 32 connection;
the first line 33 and the second line 34 of the first winding connection switching circuit 3 are connected to the absorption circuit 4, respectively;
the number of turns of the second winding part 22 is W2, and the three-phase windings of the second winding part 22 are respectively marked as a2, B2 and C2; the phases C2 and B2 of the second winding portion 22 are connected to the diode half-bridge line 31, and the connection points of the phases C2 and B2 to the diode half-bridge line 31 connected thereto are located at the connection of 2 diodes in the diode half-bridge line 31;
the a2 phase of the second winding part 22 is connected to the controllable switch half-bridge line 32 and the connection point of the a2 phase to the controllable switch half-bridge line 32 is located at the junction of two of the controllable switch half-bridge line 32 connections;
the first line 33 and the second line 34 of the second winding connection switching circuit 3 are connected to the absorption circuit 4, respectively;
the number of turns of the third winding part 23 is W3, and the three-phase windings of the third winding part 23 are respectively marked as A3, B3 and C3; the C3 phase and the B3 phase of the third winding portion 23 are connected to the diode half-bridge line 31, respectively, and the connection points of the C3 phase and the B3 phase to the diode half-bridge line 31 connected thereto are located at the connection points of 2 diodes in the diode half-bridge line 31;
the A3 phase of the third winding part 23 is connected to the controllable switch half-bridge line 32 and the connection point of the A3 phase to the controllable switch half-bridge line 32 is located at the connection of two controllable switch halves of the controllable switch half-bridge line 32 connection;
the first line 33 and the second line 34 of the third winding connection switching circuit 3 are connected to the absorption circuit 4, respectively;
the number of turns of the fourth winding part 24 is W4, and the three-phase windings of the fourth winding part 24 are respectively marked as a4, B4 and C4; the C4 phase and the B4 phase of the fourth winding portion 24 are connected to the diode half-bridge line 31, respectively, and the connection points of the C4 phase and the B4 phase to the diode half-bridge line 31 connected thereto are located at the connection points of 2 diodes in the diode half-bridge line 31;
the a4 phase of the fourth winding part 24 is connected to the controllable switch half-bridge line 32 and the connection point of the a4 phase to the controllable switch half-bridge line 32 is located at the junction of two of the controllable switch halves of the controllable switch half-bridge line 32 connection;
the first line 33 and the second line 34 of the fourth winding connection switching circuit 3 are connected to the absorption circuit 4, respectively;
the absorption circuit 4 comprises an absorption resistor 41 and an absorption capacitor 42, the absorption capacitor 42 and the absorption resistor 41 are arranged in series, and the whole absorption circuit 4 is connected with the switching circuit 3 of each winding; the absorption capacitor 42 is used for absorbing the turn-off spike and the residual energy of the winding when the semiconductor switch is turned off, so as to avoid damage.
The switching circuit 3 with four windings and the absorption circuit 4 form an integral winding switching device, wherein the controllable switch semiconductor device is IGBT or MOSFET, or a novel wide bandgap device such as SiC, GaN device, etc.
Example 2
Based on the above embodiment 1, this solution provides a switching method of a four-segment winding motor switching system, and the specific switching method is as follows,
when the running rotating speed of the motor is switched from the lowest speed to the highest speed:
when the motor runs in a low-speed interval, the motor controller 1 sends a PWM working signal to the main inverter circuit and sends a turn-on signal to the body switching circuit 3 connected to the rear end of the fourth winding part 24, so that the lower end points of the A4, B4 and C4 windings are in short circuit; at the moment, all winding parts are in work, the number of turns of each phase is W1+ W2+ W3+ W4, large torque is generated, and the maximum torque can reach T1;
with the increase of the running rotation speed of the motor to n2, the motor controller 1 gives a signal to the switching circuit 3 at the rear end of the fourth winding part 24 to turn off the signal, and gives a signal to the switching circuit 3 between the third winding part 23 and the fourth winding part 24 to turn on the signal, at this time, the front three windings participate in the work, and finally the fourth winding part 24 is disconnected, the number of turns of each phase is W1+ W2+ W3, the maximum torque is reduced to T2, and the maximum rotation speed is increased;
with the further increase of the operating speed of the motor to n3, the motor controller 1 turns off the switching circuit 3 between the third winding part 23 and the fourth winding part 24, turns on the switching circuit 3 between the second winding part 22 and the third winding part 23, at this time, the two sections of windings participate in the work, the latter two sections of windings are disconnected, the number of turns of each phase is W1+ W2, the maximum torque is further reduced to T3, and the maximum speed is further increased;
above the highest speed interval n4 of the motor operation, the motor controller 1 turns off the switching circuit 3 between the second winding part 22 and the third winding part 23, turns on the switching circuit 3 between the first winding part 21 and the second winding part 22, only one winding section is involved in the work, the last three winding sections are disconnected, the number of turns of each phase is W1, the maximum torque which can be generated by the motor is reduced to the lowest T4, and the highest rotating speed is mentioned.
When the running rotating speed of the motor is reduced downwards from the highest speed, the winding switching process is opposite.
Namely when the running rotating speed of the motor is switched from the highest speed to the lowest speed:
above the highest speed interval n4 of the motor operation, the motor controller 1 turns off the switching circuit 3 between the second winding part 22 and the third winding part 23, turns on the switching circuit 3 between the first winding part 21 and the second winding part 22, only one section of winding is involved in the work, the last three sections of winding are disconnected, the number of turns of each phase is W1, the maximum torque which can be generated by the motor is reduced to the lowest T4, and the rotating speed is the highest rotating speed;
with the further reduction of the motor running speed to n3, the motor controller 1 turns off the switching circuit 3 between the third winding part 23 and the fourth winding part 24, turns on the switching circuit 3 between the second winding part 22 and the third winding part 23, at this time, the two sections of windings participate in the work, the latter two sections of windings are disconnected, the number of turns of each phase is W1+ W2, the maximum torque is further reduced to T3, and the maximum speed is further reduced;
with the reduction of the running rotation speed of the motor to n2, the motor controller 1 gives a signal to turn off the switching circuit 3 at the rear end of the fourth winding part 24, and gives a signal to turn on the switching circuit 3 between the third winding part 23 and the fourth winding part 24, at this time, the front three windings participate in the work, and finally, the fourth winding part 24 is turned off, the number of turns of each phase is W1+ W2+ W3, the maximum torque is reduced to T2, and the maximum rotation speed is further reduced;
when the motor runs in a low-speed interval, the motor controller 1 sends a PWM working signal to the main inverter circuit and sends a turn-on signal to the body switching circuit 3 connected to the rear end of the fourth winding part 24, so that the lower end points of the A4, B4 and C4 windings are in short circuit; at the moment, all winding parts are in work, the number of turns of each phase is W1+ W2+ W3+ W4, large torque is generated, and the maximum torque can reach T1;
in the switching process, in order to prevent frequent switching, a certain switching rotation speed transition section delta n can be arranged at the rotation speed points of n2, n3 and n4, and the switching rotation speed transition section delta n is switched upwards when the rotation speed exceeds (n2 or n3 or n4) + deltan and is switched downwards when the rotation speed is lower than (n2 or n3 or n4) -deltan.
Namely, the switching frequency can be reduced by arranging a buffer end, and generally delta n is 5% of the current rotating speed value;
according to the scheme, the body switching circuit 3 is controlled to be switched on and switched off through the motor controller 1, and one group of switching circuits 3 only need one level signal to be switched on or switched off, so that the control is simple.
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, as any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A four-segment winding motor switching system is characterized in that: the motor comprises a motor controller, a stator winding, a switching circuit and an absorption circuit; the motor controller is connected with the stator winding through three phase lines, each phase of the stator winding comprises four parts, namely a first winding part, a second winding part, a third winding part and a fourth winding part, each winding part is connected through a switching circuit, and the absorption circuit is connected with each switching circuit.
2. The switching system for a four segment winding machine of claim 1 wherein: the switching circuit comprises a diode half-bridge circuit, a controllable switch half-bridge circuit, a first circuit and a second circuit; the number of the diode half-bridge lines is 2, and the number of the controllable switch half-bridge lines is one; two diode half-bridge lines and a controllable switch half-bridge line are respectively connected with the first line and the second line in parallel.
3. The switching system for a four segment winding machine of claim 2 wherein: the diode half-bridge circuit comprises 2 diodes, the two diodes are connected in series, and the directions of the two diodes are the same; the controllable switch half-bridge circuit comprises 2 controllable switches, and the two controllable switches are connected in series.
4. A four segment winding motor switching system as claimed in claim 3 wherein: and the first circuit and the second circuit are respectively provided with a guide diode, and the direction of the guide diode on the first circuit is the same as that of the guide diode on the second circuit.
5. The switching system for a four segment winding machine of claim 4 wherein: the first winding part, the second winding part, the third winding part and the fourth winding part are respectively connected together through a switching circuit, and the switching circuit structures connected with the four sections of windings are the same.
6. The switching system for a four segment winding machine of claim 5 wherein: the absorption circuit comprises an absorption resistor and an absorption capacitor, the absorption capacitor and the absorption resistor are arranged in series, and the whole absorption circuit is connected with the switching circuit of each winding part.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122650695.6U CN217183207U (en) | 2021-11-01 | 2021-11-01 | Four-segment winding motor switching system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122650695.6U CN217183207U (en) | 2021-11-01 | 2021-11-01 | Four-segment winding motor switching system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN217183207U true CN217183207U (en) | 2022-08-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202122650695.6U Active CN217183207U (en) | 2021-11-01 | 2021-11-01 | Four-segment winding motor switching system |
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| CN (1) | CN217183207U (en) |
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- 2021-11-01 CN CN202122650695.6U patent/CN217183207U/en active Active
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