CN217142737U - Machine tool - Google Patents

Machine tool Download PDF

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Publication number
CN217142737U
CN217142737U CN202120515976.8U CN202120515976U CN217142737U CN 217142737 U CN217142737 U CN 217142737U CN 202120515976 U CN202120515976 U CN 202120515976U CN 217142737 U CN217142737 U CN 217142737U
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China
Prior art keywords
machine tool
pipe
profile
clamping
measuring
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Active
Application number
CN202120515976.8U
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
M·金德勒
M·施蒂克尔
E·奇利斯
T·波普
B·林德
M·布辛格
P·马特
K·吕茨
T·豪格
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Trumpf Werkzeugmaschinen SE and Co KG
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Trumpf Werkzeugmaschinen SE and Co KG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q7/00—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting
    • B23Q7/001—Lateral transport of long workpieces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/44—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms
    • B23Q1/50—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with rotating pairs only, the rotating pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
    • B23Q1/52—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with rotating pairs only, the rotating pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism a single rotating pair
    • B23Q1/527—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with rotating pairs only, the rotating pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism a single rotating pair with a ring or tube in which a workpiece is fixed coaxially to the degree of freedom

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Supports For Pipes And Cables (AREA)
  • Feeding Of Workpieces (AREA)

Abstract

The utility model relates to a machine tool. A loading device with a pull wire is provided, which can be loaded and unloaded in a repeatable and simple manner. A transport apparatus with a chain is provided which prevents the chain from sagging even when loaded with heavy pipes or profiles. A transport device is provided which makes it possible to transport scattered pipes or profiles in a structurally simple manner. Provided is a length calculating unit having a good damping characteristic in terms of impact on a workpiece to be measured. A clamping device is provided which enables damage-free clamping of pipe or profiles. A clamping device is provided which enables monitoring of the closed state of a chuck of the clamping device. A machine tool is provided which reduces the assembly effort of the machine tool and thus reduces the costs and time expenditure for putting into operation, improving the transport of the tube machining waste.

Description

Machine tool
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a machine tool part and a machine tool, in particular a machine tool having such a machine tool part.
The machine tool part and the machine tool are disclosed below in different aspects (aspects 1 to 8). In particular, the machine tool part can be designed as a loading device (aspect 1), a transport device (aspects 2 and 3), a length determining unit (aspect 4) or a clamping device (aspects 5 and 6). In all aspects 1 to 8a machine tool according to the invention is disclosed. The aspects presented herein may each be used individually or in any combination of a plurality.
Background
In a first aspect, the invention relates to a loading device for supplying pipes or profiles to a machine tool, where profiles are understood to be elongated material rods having substantially the same cross section. Furthermore, the invention relates to a machine tool having such a loading device.
It is known to feed a pipe or profile to a part of a machine tool by placing the pipe or profile in a recess formed by at least one pull wire. However, in an unloaded state of the wire, the wire may twist or hang down unevenly, which makes loading and unloading of the recess difficult.
In a second aspect, the invention relates to a transport device for transporting pipes or profiles within a machine tool. Furthermore, the invention relates to a machine tool having such a transport device.
It is known to transport pipes or profiles on chains. The chain is tensioned between the two toothed wheels. However, it is disadvantageous that the chain may sag when transporting heavy pipes or profiles if the pipes or profiles are located on the area of the chain not supported by the gears.
In order to solve this problem, a support rail can be provided on which the chain is guided. Of course, a gap is left between the support rail and the gear wheel so that the gear wheel can rotate freely without hitting the support rail. In this gap, the pipe or profile transported on the chain is not yet supported, so that the chain is subjected to particular loads in this region and may sag.
In a third aspect, the present invention relates to a transport apparatus for transporting pipes or profiles within a machine tool. The utility model discloses still relate to a lathe that has this kind of conveyor.
It is known to provide transport devices for transporting pipes or profiles in a machine tool. However, in the case of the known transport devices, it often occurs that the pipes or profiles lie on top of one another on the transport device and then have to be scattered with great effort by means of subsequent devices.
In a fourth aspect, the invention relates to a length determining unit for a workpiece to be measured, for arrangement on a machine tool, having a carrier element, a guide device, a measuring slide guided on the guide device, having an arrangement or a configuration of stops, and a measuring stop. The utility model discloses still relate to a lathe that has this kind of length to ask the unit.
Measuring calipers are known from the prior art and are used to determine the dimensions of workpieces in preparation for machining them by machine tools.
The determined workpiece length is used in particular for monitoring the dimensions of the workpiece stored in the machine tool and for determining the position of the workpiece in the machine tool, thereby facilitating a rapid approach of the clamping device or the tool to the workpiece.
However, conventional measuring calipers have only insufficient elasticity or damping when the measuring caliper strikes the workpiece, which may lead to undesired damage to the workpiece and the measuring caliper. To prevent damage, the approach speed of the measuring caliper to the tool must be significantly reduced, thereby increasing the time expenditure required for the measurement. Furthermore, jamming and/or buckling cannot be identified.
In a fifth aspect, the present invention relates to a clamping device for clamping a pipe or profile being processed on a machine tool, the clamping device having a non-rotatable part and a rotatable part for clamping the pipe or profile, the rotatable part having the following features:
a) a chuck having a first clamp and a second clamp for clamping the pipe or profile;
b) a first cylinder in the form of a pneumatic cylinder for tensioning the first clamp.
The utility model discloses still relate to a lathe that has this kind of clamping device.
It is known that machine tools are provided with clamping devices for clamping pipes or profiles to be machined on the machine tool. In order to be able to achieve a fast, automatic clamping, at least one of the jaws of the chuck can be moved by means of a first cylinder in the form of a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder, it having been shown that damage can occur when clamping pipes or profiles which can only withstand small clamping forces.
In a sixth aspect, the present invention relates to a clamping device for clamping a pipe or profile being processed on a machine tool, having a non-rotatable part and a rotatable part for clamping the pipe or profile, wherein the rotatable part has the following features:
a) a chuck having a first clamp and a second clamp for clamping the pipe or profile;
b) a first cylinder for tensioning the first clamp;
c) a first measuring device for determining, directly or indirectly, the position of the first clamp;
the utility model discloses still relate to a lathe that has this kind of clamping device.
It is known that machine tools are provided with clamping devices for clamping pipes or profiles to be machined on the machine tool. In order to be able to achieve a rapid, automatic clamping, at least one gripper of the chuck can be moved pneumatically or hydraulically by means of a first cylinder.
The chuck is located on a rotatable part of the clamping device. Therefore, when machining a pipe or profile, it is difficult to determine whether the chuck has closed and reliably clamps the pipe or profile.
In a seventh aspect, the invention relates to a machine tool for machining a workpiece, having a machine tool bed, a switch cabinet and a tool.
Such machine tools are known from the prior art and are manufactured and tested as a single piece by a supplier in industrial applications. All components, in particular the switchgear cabinet, are coordinated with one another. When delivered to the customer, the machine tool must be disassembled as a function of transport and assembled by the customer accordingly.
Special requirements are placed on the installation site of the switchgear cabinet, which makes positioning significantly difficult. Sometimes, connecting the switchgear cabinet to the machine tool must be mostly re-performed under given environmental conditions, which is a time and cost consuming process.
In an eighth aspect, the present invention relates to a machine tool for machining pipe elements, having a feed station with a chuck for gripping the pipe element and a tool for machining the pipe element.
Such machine tools are known per se from the prior art.
When machining pipe with tools, waste materials such as chips, machining remnants, dust, cutting slag, etc. are generally produced. Process gases that assist in the processing or gases that are generated when processing the pipe may also be generated as waste.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In a first aspect, the task of the invention is to provide a loading device with a pull wire, which can be loaded and unloaded in a repeatable and simple manner.
In a second aspect, the object of the invention is to provide a transport device with a chain, which prevents the chain from sagging even when loaded with heavy pipes or profiles. Furthermore, the object of the invention is to provide a machine tool with such a transport device.
In a third aspect, the object of the invention is to provide a transport device which makes it possible to transport scattered pipes or profiles in a structurally simple manner. Furthermore, the object of the invention is to provide a machine tool with such a transport device.
In a fourth aspect, the task of the invention is to provide a length finding unit that has good damping characteristics in terms of impact on the workpiece to be measured and that at the same time enables a high approach speed of the length finding unit to the workpiece. Furthermore, jamming and/or buckling should be recognized in order to avoid machine damage. Furthermore, the object of the invention is to provide a machine tool having such a length determining unit.
In a fifth aspect, the object of the invention is to provide a clamping device which enables damage-free clamping of pipe or profiles. Furthermore, the object of the invention is to provide a machine tool having such a clamping device.
In a sixth aspect, the object of the invention is to provide a clamping device which enables monitoring of the closed state of the chuck of the clamping device. Furthermore, the object of the invention is to provide a machine tool having such a clamping device.
In a seventh aspect, the object of the invention is to provide a machine tool which reduces the assembly effort of the machine tool and thus reduces the costs and time expenditure for putting into operation.
In an eighth aspect, the invention is directed to improving the transport of pipe processing waste.
Aspect 1: loading device with weighted pull wire and machine tool with such loading device
In a first aspect, the object according to the invention is achieved by a loading device for supplying a pipe or a profile to a part of a machine tool, wherein the loading device has a first wire holder with the following features:
a) a transfer area in which the pipe or profile can be transferred to the part of the machine tool;
b) a pull wire for forming a recess into which a tube or profile can be inserted, wherein the pull wire opens at one end into the handover region and is arranged at the other end on a support region, wherein the support region is higher than the handover region;
c) a winding device for tensioning the wires such that the pipe or profile is transported to the transfer area;
d) a weight immovably arranged on the wire for forming the recess in the unloaded state of the wire.
The weight, which is immovably fixed to the cable when the cable is tensioned, results in a recess of defined configuration, in particular in the unloaded state of the recess. The immovable weight results in particular in that the recess low point does not move relative to the transfer region when the recess is unloaded and thus prevents uneven unloading of the pipe or profile.
The pull wire can be configured in the form of a belt, chain, rope or belt. Preferably, the pull wire is constructed in the form of a band.
In addition to the weight, at least one further weight or a plurality of further weights may be provided on the guy wire. The weights are preferably identically constructed.
The weight is preferably arranged on the cable in such a way that it reaches the handover area as soon as the cable is tensioned, if all areas of the cable between the handover area and the support area are located above the handover area. This enables complete unloading of the recess before the weight collides with the handover area. This achieves that an uneven unloading does not occur at any time when the pipe or profile is unloaded into the transition region.
The pull wire can be guided at least partially through the weight, so that the weight can be held particularly stably on the pull wire.
It is particularly preferred that the weight is immovably but releasably fixed to the pull wire. The weight can have a locking device, wherein the weight can be moved on or released from the cable when the locking device is released, and the weight is arranged immovably on the cable when the locking device is not released. This enables the position of the weight to be adjusted during maintenance, for example when the pull wire is extended during its use.
The weight can have two plates, between which the tension wire is guided at least in sections. The weight is thereby particularly simple in construction.
The plates are preferably constructed of plastic in order to avoid scratching and damage to the pipe or profile.
In a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, the weight has at least two screws for connecting the two plates, wherein the cable is guided between the two screws.
In a further preferred embodiment of the weight, at least one plate has a toothing which holds the weight immovably on the pull wire when the locking device is not released. The toothing ensures good retention of the weight on the cable in a simple structural configuration.
The pull wire may be turned several times in the weight in order to fix the weight to the pull wire. In this case, the toothed section can be omitted, as a result of which the weight can be constructed cost-effectively, but still in a simple and secure manner. Further preferably, the segments of the pull wire overlap in the weight.
If the cable stretches over time and is therefore no longer completely tensioned, it may happen that the tube or profile is no longer reliably handed over. In this case, the weight projecting on the wire can transport the tube or profile.
When the wire is immovably fixed on the support area and the winding device is configured for pulling the wire into the handing-over area, the loading device can be constructed very compactly.
The loading process and the unloading process are particularly controlled when the loading device has a plurality of wire holders, which each have the following features:
a) a transfer area in which the pipe or profile can be transferred to a part of the machine tool;
b) a pull wire for forming a recess into which a tube or profile can be inserted, wherein the pull wire opens at one end into the handover region and is arranged at the other end on a support region, wherein the support region is higher than the handover region;
c) a winding device for tensioning the wires such that the pipe or profile is transported to the transfer area;
d) a weight immovably arranged on the wire for forming the recess in the unloaded state of the wire.
In addition to the weight, at least one further weight or a plurality of further weights may also be provided on the guy wire. The weights are preferably identically constructed.
The loading device preferably has a drive for synchronously operating the winding devices.
It is further preferred that the wire holders are identically constructed, so that a particularly uniform loading and unloading can be achieved.
The object of the invention is also achieved by a machine tool for machining pipes or profiles having a loading device as described herein.
The machine tool can have a conveying device for conveying the pipe or the profile from the transfer area.
Particularly preferably, the conveying device has a conveyor chain.
In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the machine tool has a laser machining tool for machining pipes or profiles.
The invention also has aspects defined in the following clauses, which only form part of the specification.
1. A loading device (110) for supplying a tube (112) or profile to a machine part (140), wherein the loading device (110) comprises a first wire holder (114a-d) having the following features:
a) a handover area (118) in which the pipe (112) or profile can be handed over to the machine part (140);
b) a pull line (116) for forming a recess (122) into which the pipe (112) or profile can be inserted, wherein the pull line (116) opens into the transfer region (118) at one end and is arranged on a support region (120) at the other end, wherein the support region (120) is higher than the transfer region (118);
c) -a winding device (126) for tightening the pull line (116) such that the tube (112) or profile is conveyed to the handover area (118);
d) a weight (124) immovably arranged on the pull wire (116) for forming the recess (122) in the unloaded state of the pull wire (116).
2. Loading device according to clause 1, wherein the weight (124) is arranged on the pull line (116) in such a way that it reaches the handover area (118) earliest when the pull line (116) is taut, when all areas of the pull line (116) between the handover area (118) and the support area (120) are located above the handover area (118).
3. Loading apparatus according to any one of the preceding clauses, wherein the pull wire (116) is guided at least in sections through the weight (124).
4. The loading device according to clause 3, wherein the pull wire (116) is turned a plurality of times in the area of the weight (124).
5. The loading device according to clause 4, wherein the pull wires (116) overlap in sections in the area of the weight (124).
6. Loading apparatus according to any one of the preceding clauses, wherein the weight (124) has a locking device (152), wherein the weight (124) is movable on or releasable from the pull wire (116) when the locking device (152) is released, and wherein the weight (124) is immovably arranged on the pull wire (116) when the locking device (152) is not released.
7. Loading device according to clause 6, wherein the weight (124) has two plates (154a, b) between which the pull wire (116) is guided at least in sections.
8. Loading device according to clause 7, wherein the weight (124) has at least two screws (156a, b) for connecting the two plates (154a, b), wherein the pull wire (116) is guided between the two screws (156a, b).
9. The loading device according to clause 7 or 8, wherein at least one plate (154a, b) has a tooth (158) that non-movably holds the weight (124) on the wire (116) when the locking means (152) is not released.
10. Loading device according to any one of the preceding clauses, wherein the pull wire (116) is immovably fixed on the support area (120) and the winding device (126) is configured for pulling the pull wire (116) into the handover area (118).
11. The loading device according to any one of the preceding clauses, wherein the loading device (110) has a plurality of wire holders (114a-d) each having the following features:
a) a handover area (118) in which the pipe (112) or profile can be handed over to a part of the machine tool (138);
b) a pull line (116) for forming a recess (122) into which the pipe (112) or profile can be inserted, wherein the pull line (116) opens into the transfer region (118) at one end and is arranged on a support region (120) at the other end, wherein the support region (120) is higher than the transfer region (118);
c) -a winding device (126) for tightening the pull line (116) such that the tube (112) or profile is transported to the handover area (118);
d) a weight (124) immovably arranged on the pull wire (116) for forming a recess (122) in an unloaded state of the pull wire (116).
12. The loading device according to clause 11, wherein the loading device (110) has a drive (134) for synchronizing the winding means (126).
13. The loading device according to clause 11 or 12, wherein the wire holders (114a-d) are identically constructed.
14. A machine tool (138) for machining pipes (112) or profiles having a loading apparatus (110) according to any one of the preceding clauses.
15. Machine tool according to clause 14, wherein the machine tool (138) has a conveying device (142) for conveying the pipe (112) or profile from a handover area (118).
16. The machine tool according to clause 15, wherein the conveyor (142) has a conveyor chain (144).
17. Machine tool according to any of clauses 14 to 16, wherein the machine tool (138) has a laser machining tool for machining the pipe (112) or profile.
Aspect 2: transport device with chain support function and machine tool with such a transport device
In a second aspect, the object according to the invention is achieved by a transport device for transporting pipes or profiles in a machine tool, wherein the transport device has a first conveyor device with the following features:
a) chains for transporting pipes or profiles;
b) a receiving area in which a pipe or profile can be placed onto the chain;
c) a further guide region in which the pipe or profile coming from the receiving region can be further guided in a manner lying on the chain;
d) a first gearwheel on which the chain is guided in the receiving region;
e) a support rail on which the chain is guided in the continued guide region.
In this case, the first axial section of the first gearwheel has a smaller circumference than the second axial section of the first gearwheel. Furthermore, the support rail projects into the first axial section, so that there is also a support for the pipe or profile when transitioning from the receiving region to the further guide region.
Thus, according to the invention, the first gearwheel for guiding the chain is at least partially reduced in the circumferential direction and the support rail is introduced into the first gearwheel in this reduced peripheral region. In other words, the support rail extends in the circumferentially reduced section of the first gearwheel into the addendum circle diameter of the circumferentially unreduced section. The chain is thereby guided from the first gearwheel onto the support rail without play.
The first gear wheel can be designed in one piece or in several pieces. Alternatively or additionally to this, the support rail may be constructed in one piece or in multiple pieces.
A particularly uniform chain guidance is achieved if the tooth profile of the teeth of the first gearwheel is uniform both in the first axial section and in the second axial section up to the circumference in the first axial section. The teeth of the first gear may be identically configured.
It is further preferred that both axial sections of the first gearwheel are of the same width. This obviously eases the manufacture of the first gear.
In order to be able to tension the chain, the first conveyor preferably has a tensioning device. The tensioning device further preferably has brackets that can be adjusted relative to each other. The tensioning device is preferably designed in such a way that the first gear wheel can be adjusted together with the support rail. This prevents a play from forming between the first gearwheel and the chain when the tensioning device is adjusted.
In a preferred embodiment of the tensioning device, the tensioning device has two threaded connections for tensioning the chain, wherein the two threaded connections are arranged symmetrically on the first conveying device.
In order to be able to continuously support the upper side of the chain, the chain is preferably tensioned between the first gearwheel and the second gearwheel, wherein the support rail also projects into a circumferentially reduced axial section of the second gearwheel.
The first gear and the second gear may be identically configured. Preferably, the second gear is arranged or configured with a mirror image inverted with respect to the first gear.
The tensioning of the chain is further simplified if the support rail has a first support rail part and a second support rail part, wherein the first support rail part extends into the first axial section of the first gearwheel and the second support rail part extends into the first axial section of the second gearwheel, and wherein the first support rail part is movably arranged relative to the second support rail part.
In order to protect the profile or the tube against scratches, a roller is preferably arranged on each of the chain links. The chain can also be supported on the base with little friction. The diameter of the roller preferably exceeds the diameter of each link. The axis of the roller preferably extends along the extension of the chain pin. Alternatively or in addition to the rollers, plastic elements may be arranged on the chain.
Above the chain, a guide rail can be arranged, the distance between which and the chain is adjustable in order to avoid pipes or profiles placed on top of each other on the chain. The spacing between the chain and the guide rail thus defines a channel (Schacht) whose height can be adjusted such that it substantially corresponds to the cross section of the pipe or profile.
In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the transport device can have a plurality of conveying devices. The conveyors can overlap in sections in order to guide the pipe or profile seamlessly from the first conveyor to the further conveyor. Alternatively or additionally to this, a plurality of conveying devices can be arranged parallel to one another in order to be able to transport long pipes or profiles.
The conveyor device can have a drive for synchronizing the chain. The further conveying device can be designed in the same way as the first conveying device.
Alternatively, one of the chains can be driven by a separate, slightly faster-running drive. The second chain can be arranged slightly lower in height than the first chain. The pipes or profiles are thereby "pulled apart" from one another when they are transferred onto the second chain. The second chain can also be driven at the same speed if it is not necessary to pull each other. Alternatively, the second chain can then also be omitted completely and only work with one long continuous chain.
The object of the invention is also achieved by a machine tool for machining pipes or profiles having a transport device as described herein.
The machine tool can have a laser machining tool for machining pipes or profiles.
The invention also has aspects defined in the following clauses, which only form part of the specification.
1. A transport apparatus (212) for transporting pipes (214) or profiles within a machine tool (210), wherein the transport apparatus (212) has a first transport device (216) with the following features:
a) a chain (220) for transporting the pipe (214) or profile;
b) a receiving area (228) in which the pipe (214) or profile can be placed onto the chain (220);
c) a further guide region (230) in which the pipe (214) or profile from the receiving region (228) can be further guided in a manner lying on the chain (220);
d) a first gearwheel (232) of one-piece or multi-piece construction, on which the chain (220) is guided in the receiving region (228);
e) a one-or multi-part configured support rail (236) on which the chain (220) is guided in the continued guide region (230);
wherein a first axial section (252) of the first gearwheel (232) has a smaller circumference than a second axial section (254) of the first gearwheel (232), and wherein the support rail (236) projects into the first axial section (252) such that there is also a support for the pipe (214) or profile when transitioning from the receiving region (228) to the further guide region (230).
2. The transport apparatus according to clause 1, wherein the tooth profile of the teeth of the first gear wheel (232) in the second axial section (254) up to the circumference of the first gear wheel (232) in the first axial section (252) corresponds to the tooth profile of the teeth of the first gear wheel (232) in the first axial section (252).
3. The transport apparatus as set forth in clause 1 or 2 wherein the axial width of the first axial section (252) substantially corresponds to the axial width of the second axial section (254).
4. Transport apparatus according to one of the preceding clauses, wherein the first conveyor device (216) has a tensioning device (242) for tensioning the chain (220), wherein the tensioning device (242) has a first bracket (246) and a second bracket (250) which is adjustable relative to the first bracket (246), wherein the bearing (248) of the first gearwheel (232) and the support rail (236) are arranged or constructed on the second bracket (250) such that the first gearwheel (232) can be moved together with at least a part of the support rail (236) when tensioning the chain (220).
5. The transport apparatus according to clause 4, wherein the tensioning device (242) has two threaded connections (244a, b) for connecting the first bracket (246) with the second bracket (250) for tensioning the chain (220), wherein the second bracket (250) is arranged between the threaded connections (244a, b).
6. The transport apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding clauses, wherein the chain (220) is tensioned between the first gear wheel (232) and a second gear wheel (234), wherein a first axial section (252) of the second gear wheel (234) has a smaller circumference than a second axial section (254) of the second gear wheel (234), wherein the support rail (236) protrudes into the first axial section.
7. The transport apparatus according to clause 6, wherein the second gear (234) is arranged mirror-inverted with respect to the first gear (232).
8. Transport apparatus according to clause 6 or 7, wherein the support rail (236) has a first support rail portion (238) and a second support rail portion (240), wherein the first support rail portion (238) projects into a first axial section (252) of the first gear wheel (232) and the second support rail portion (240) projects into a first axial section of the second gear wheel (234), and wherein the first support rail portion (238) is movably arranged relative to the second support rail portion (240).
9. Transport device according to any one of the preceding clauses, wherein one roller (223a, b) and/or plastic element is arranged on each of a plurality of links (222a, b) of the chain (220).
10. Transport device according to any one of the preceding clauses, wherein a guide rail is arranged above the chain (220), the spacing of the guide rail from the chain (220) being adjustable in order to avoid pipes (214) or profiles lying one above the other on the chain (220).
11. The transport apparatus as claimed in one of the preceding clauses, wherein the transport apparatus (212) has a plurality of conveying devices (216, 218) which each have the following features:
a) a chain (220) for transporting the pipe (214) or profile;
b) a receiving area (228) in which the pipe (214) or profile can be placed onto the chain (220);
c) a further guide region (230) in which the pipe (214) or profile from the receiving region (228) can be further guided in a manner lying on the chain (220);
d) a first gearwheel (232) on which the chain (220) is guided in the receiving region (228);
e) a support rail (236) on which the chain (220) is guided in the continued guide region (230);
wherein a first axial section (252) of the first gearwheel (232) has a smaller circumference than a second axial section (254) of the first gearwheel (232), and wherein the support rail (236) projects into the first axial section (252) such that there is also a support for the pipe (214) or profile when transitioning from the receiving region (228) to the further guide region (230).
12. The transport apparatus according to clause 11, wherein the transport apparatus (212) has a drive for synchronizing the chain (220).
13. The transport apparatus according to clause 11 or 12, wherein the conveying devices (216, 218) are identically constructed.
14. A machine tool (210) for machining pipes (214) or profiles with a conveyor device (212) according to any one of the preceding clauses.
15. Machine tool according to clause 14, wherein the machine tool (210) has a laser machining tool for machining the pipe (214) or profile.
Aspect 3: transport device with load recognition function and machine tool with such a transport device
In a third aspect, the object of the invention is achieved by a transport device for transporting pipes or profiles in a machine tool, wherein the transport device has a first transport device with the following features:
a) a drivable first traction mechanism for transporting the pipe or profile;
b) a first sensor device for detecting the pipe or profile on the first drawing means.
Thus, according to the invention, the presence of a pipe or profile on the first traction means is detected.
The first traction mechanism can be configured in the form of a belt, rope, belt, toothed belt or chain. Preferably, the first traction means is configured in the form of a chain.
Preferably, the first sensor device is arranged next to the first traction means. This enables a particularly compact design of the transport device.
In a preferred embodiment of the transport device, the first sensor device has a switch which can be actuated by the weight of the pipe or profile. The pipe or profile can thus be detected independently of the material.
In order to be able to detect a pipe or a profile over a long section of the first pulling means, the first sensor device can have a sensor rail extending parallel to the first pulling means, which can be pressed downward by the weight of the pipe or profile in order to actuate the switch.
The first sensor arrangement may be implemented in the form of a seesaw. The bearing axis of the rocker can be oriented parallel to the sensor rail of the first sensor device.
The first sensor device may have a parallelogram guide which connects the sensor rail to the switch. A parallelogram guide is understood here to mean a guide which is configured as a parallelogram in a side view. This enables a compact configuration of the transport device to be achieved in a structurally simple manner.
The switch can be designed in the form of a metal detector, in particular in the form of an inductive sensor or a hall sensor, at the same time in a cost-effective and reliable manner for determining the operating state of the sensor device. In this case, the switch can also be actuated without friction, so that a very light thin-walled tube can also actuate the first sensor device. After the actuation of the first sensor device, the first sensor device can be pivoted back into the initial position autonomously. A part of the parallelogram guide arrangement may have a (through) recess therein. The metal detector may be arranged for detecting metal of the parallelogram guide in a (manipulated or non-manipulated) state of the parallelogram guide, while in another state no metal is detected due to the (through) groove.
The transport device may have a controller and a loading device, wherein the controller is configured to prevent or slow down the further loading of the first pulling mechanism with the pipe or profile as long as the first sensor device detects the pipe or profile on the first pulling mechanism.
The first sensor device can be designed with very low friction, so that a light, thin-walled aluminum tube can also reliably handle the sensor and only a small restoring force is required.
The resetting of the first sensor unit can be effected without external energy supply solely by the gravitational force. For this purpose, one or more weights can be mounted on the rocker of the parallelogram guide, which weights are correspondingly of equal weight, in order to keep the restoring force only as large and as small as possible as required.
The spreading out of the pipes or profiles is better ensured if the first conveyor has stop rails extending parallel on the first conveyor, so that the passage formed between the first conveyor and the stop rails prevents the conveying of pipes or profiles placed on top of one another. It is furthermore ensured that the pipe lying on the longer side is conveyed through the channel. The vertical pipe pieces tip over or remain suspended from the stop rail when they come into contact with the stop rail.
The transport device may have a drive, wherein the passage height between the stop rail and the first traction means
Figure BDA0002971929480000131
Can be adjusted by means of a driver. In this case, the passage height is ideally adapted to the pipe to be loaded. The channel height is usually adjusted to be slightly greater than the tube height.
In order to avoid damage to the traction means or the stop rail, the transport device can have a control, wherein the control is designed to prevent the drive from moving for setting the height of the passage as long as the first sensor device detects a pipe or profile on the first traction means.
In order to further spread apart or to space apart the pipe or profile, the first conveying device can have a second drivable traction means which partially overlaps the first traction means, so that the pipe or profile can be moved from the first traction means onto the second traction means, wherein the second traction means can be driven independently of the first traction means. The second traction means can in particular be driven at a greater speed than the first traction means.
The second traction means is preferably arranged lower than the first traction means, in particular at different speeds, in order to avoid scratching the tubular.
The second traction mechanism can be configured in the form of a belt, rope, belt, toothed belt or chain. Preferably, the second traction means is constructed in the form of a chain.
In the case of the second drawing means, the first conveying device can have a second sensor device for detecting the pipe or profile on the second drawing means.
The second sensor arrangement can be constructed in the same way as the first sensor arrangement.
Ideally, the two sensor devices have an overlap. It is thereby ensured that the presence of a tubular is always reported to the controller and that there are no areas where this is not the case. Preferably, the overlap is provided in the region of the second pulling means in order to reliably recognize when the tubular leaves the first pulling means (if the first sensor device no longer reports, the tubular is no longer absolutely certain on the first pulling means).
The transport device may have a control, wherein the control is configured to prevent or slow down the further loading of the pipe or profile by the second pulling mechanism as long as the second sensor device detects the pipe or profile on the second pulling mechanism.
The controller described above is advantageously implemented as the sole control means of the transport appliance.
In order to be able to transport long pipes or profiles reliably, the transport device preferably has a plurality of transport devices, each of which has the following features:
a) a drivable first traction mechanism for transporting the pipe or profile;
b) a first sensor device for detecting the pipe or profile on the first drawing means.
The further conveying device can have a further sensor device described here in order to increase the process safety during the transport of the pipe or profile. However, for cost reasons, the additional sensor device can also be dispensed with.
The conveying devices of the transport device are preferably of identical design.
The object of the invention is also achieved by a machine tool for machining pipes or profiles having a transport device as described herein.
The machine tool can have a laser machining tool for machining pipes or profiles.
The invention also has aspects defined in the following clauses, which only form part of the specification.
1. A transport apparatus (312) for transporting pipes (316a, b) or profiles within a machine tool (310), wherein the transport apparatus (312) comprises a first transport device (314) having the following features:
a) a drivable first traction mechanism (318) for transporting the pipe (316a, b) or profile;
b) a first sensor device (328) for detecting a pipe (316a, b) or a profile on the first drawing means (318).
2. The transport apparatus (312) of clause 1, wherein the first traction mechanism (318) is configured in the form of a chain.
3. The transport apparatus according to clause 1 or 2, wherein the first sensor device (328) is arranged beside the first traction mechanism (318).
4. Transport equipment according to any one of the preceding clauses, wherein the first sensor device (328) comprises a switch (350) which can be operated by the weight of the pipe (316a, b) or profile.
5. Transport device according to clause 4, wherein the first sensor arrangement (328) has a sensor rail (342) extending parallel to the first traction means (318), which can be pressed down by the weight of the tube (316a, b) or profile in order to actuate the switch (350).
6. The transport apparatus of clause 5, wherein the first sensor device (328) has a parallelogram guide (338) connecting the sensor rail (342) with the switch (350).
7. Transport apparatus according to one of clauses 4 to 6, wherein the switch (350) has a metal detector for ascertaining the operating state of the sensor device (328).
8. Transport apparatus according to any one of the preceding clauses, having a controller (330) and a loading apparatus (326), wherein the controller (330) is configured to prevent or slow down the continued loading of the first pulling mechanism (318) with a pipe (316a, b) or profile as long as the first sensor device (328) detects a pipe (316a, b) or profile on the first pulling mechanism (318).
9. Transport device according to one of the preceding clauses, wherein the first conveyor device (314) has a stop rail (332) extending parallel above the first pulling means (318) such that a passage formed between the first conveyor device (318) and the stop rail (332) prevents the conveyance of pipes (316a, b) or profiles placed one above the other.
10. The transport device according to clause 9, wherein the transport device (312) has a drive (334) and the passage height (H) between the stop rail (332) and the first pulling mechanism (318) is adjustable by means of the drive (334).
11. Transport apparatus according to clause 10, wherein the transport apparatus (312) has a controller (330), wherein the controller (330) is configured to prevent the movement of the drive (334) for adjusting the passage height as long as the first sensor device (328) detects a pipe (316a, b) or profile on the first pulling mechanism (318).
12. Transport apparatus according to one of the preceding clauses, wherein the first conveyor device (314) has a drivable second traction means (320) which extends partially alongside the first traction means (318) such that the pipe (316a, b) or profile can be moved from the first traction means (318) onto the second traction means (320), wherein the second traction means (320) can be driven independently of the first traction means (318).
13. The transport apparatus according to clause 12, wherein the second traction mechanism (320) is configured in the form of a chain.
14. Transport apparatus according to clause 12 or 13, wherein the first conveyor device (314) has a second sensor device (336) for detecting a pipe (316a, b) or a profile on the second traction means (320).
15. The transport apparatus of clause 14, wherein the second sensor arrangement (336) is identically configured to the first sensor arrangement (328).
16. Transport apparatus according to clause 14 or 15, wherein the transport apparatus (312) has a controller (330), wherein the controller (330) is configured to prevent or slow down the further loading of the second pulling mechanism (320) by the first pulling mechanism (318) as long as the second sensor device (336) detects a tubular (316a, b) or profile on the second pulling mechanism (320).
17. The transport apparatus as claimed in one of the preceding clauses, wherein the transport apparatus (312) has a plurality of conveying devices (314) which each have the following features:
a) a first drivable traction means (318) for transporting the pipe (316a, b) or profile;
b) a first sensor device (328) for detecting a pipe (316a, b) or a profile on the first drawing means (318).
18. The transport apparatus according to clause 17, wherein the conveying devices (314) are identically constructed.
19. A machine tool (310) for machining pipes (316a, b) or profiles having a transport apparatus (312) according to any one of the preceding clauses.
20. Machine tool according to clause 19, wherein the machine tool (310) has a laser machining tool for machining the pipe (316a, b) or profile.
Aspect 4: length determining unit with damping element and machine tool with such a length determining unit
In a fourth aspect, the task is solved in a particularly simple manner: the length determining unit has a damping element for reducing the impact of the measuring carriage on the workpiece.
According to the invention, an overload, for example due to the pipe being clamped, is also detected in the length determining unit and thus also bending or machine damage is prevented. Furthermore, the workpiece is moved into a defined position.
The support element is used to arrange the length determining unit on the machine tool. In particular, the carrier element is intended to be arranged on a machine tool body of a machine tool. Furthermore, the support element can have its own machine bed or be designed as a machine bed.
The carrier element can be constructed in multiple parts. In particular, the carrier element can have a plurality of identical, in particular equal, subsections. Particularly preferably, the carrier element can be flexibly adapted in terms of its dimensions to the dimensions of the workpiece to be measured. Particularly preferably, the support element has a length in its main direction of extension of at least 2 meters, in particular at least 6 meters, particularly preferably at least 12 meters.
The guide device is arranged or formed on the carrier element, in particular on the upper side of the carrier element, and serves to guide the measuring carriage. For this purpose, the guide and/or the measuring carriage can have projections which engage in complementary recesses of the measuring carriage and/or the guide. In other words, the measuring carriage can be arranged embedded on the guide. This facilitates a reliable movement of the measuring carriage along the guide.
The guide extends over at least one quarter, in particular over at least two quarters, particularly preferably over at least three quarters of the main extension direction of the carrier element.
The stop plate is arranged or formed on the measuring carriage and has a contact surface for arrangement on a workpiece to be measured. The contact surface of the baffle is perpendicular to the guiding direction of the guiding device. The stop projects transversely to the guide direction relative to the measuring carriage in the guide direction at least in a measuring region which is dependent on the transverse extent of the workpiece to be measured. In other words, the stop is in front of the measuring carriage in the guiding direction. This facilitates the first contact between the shutter and the workpiece to be measured.
The baffles may be arranged in a vertical plane extending through the guide means or parallel to this plane. By arranging the stop next to the guide device, the measuring carriage can be accessed particularly collision-free.
The length determining unit can be designed to determine the length of the workpiece in the form of a tube or a profile.
In a preferred embodiment of the length determining unit, it is provided that the damping element has a spring element, a linear guide and a stop. In this way, it is already possible to directly damp or reduce impacts on the stop plate, which has a particularly protective effect on the workpiece and the measuring carriage.
The damping element can be adjusted with regard to its damping effect on the workpiece to be measured and can additionally have a damper in addition to the spring element.
Particularly advantageously, the helical spring has a spring length of at least five centimeters, in particular at least ten centimeters, particularly preferably at least twenty centimeters, with regard to the damping properties. Alternatively, pneumatic cylinders, rubber dampers, shock absorbers and/or other spring elements may be provided.
In a further development of the length determining unit, it is preferably provided that the linear guide is designed in the form of a rod guide which penetrates the wall of the hollow profile.
The rod guide can have at least two rods guided in parallel, which are connected to one another at one end by the stop and at the other end by the spacer. The space holder contributes to stability. Particularly advantageously, the hollow profile has a rectangular or U-shaped profile which is closed or partially open on the periphery. Furthermore, other profiles, in particular polygonal profiles, can be envisaged.
In a further embodiment of the length determining unit, the spring element is arranged on the rod of the rod guide within the hollow profile. The spring element can thus be arranged with the already existing component.
In a further development of the length determining unit, the spring element is supported at one end on the hollow profile and at the other end on a guide stop arranged on the rod guide. The spring travel of the spring element can thereby be limited particularly simply.
In a further development of the length determining unit, the pretensioning of the spring element can be adjusted by locking the guide stop along the rod guide. It is also conceivable to adjust the pretensioning by locking stop surfaces on the hollow profile.
In a preferred embodiment of the length determining unit, it is provided that the stop has a measuring rod arranged parallel to the linear guide. The position of the stop relative to the measuring carriage can be determined by means of the measuring rod. The determination of the position can be performed manually, for example by means of a measuring scale and/or by means of a sensor.
In a preferred embodiment of the length determining unit, it is provided that the measuring carriage has an electric motor for movement along the guide. The electric motor can be arranged on the measuring carriage or on the carrier element.
In a preferred embodiment of the length determining unit, the measuring carriage is moved along the guide by means of a toothed belt. Alternatively or additionally, other drive methods are also conceivable. For example, but not limited to, driving by a belt drive and/or by a rack. Alternatively or additionally, a chain drive or a ball screw may be provided.
Furthermore, it is preferred in one development of the length determining unit that the toothed belt extends between two deflection wheels and that at least one deflection wheel is driven by an electric motor. The length of the carrier element can thereby be changed particularly easily.
In a particularly preferred embodiment of the length determining unit, the measuring carriage is arranged immovably on the toothed belt. This effectively prevents the toothed belt from slipping or jumping. Furthermore, the position of the measuring carriage on the toothed belt is defined, whereby the distance traveled by the measuring carriage can be determined on the basis of the angle change on one of the deflection wheels. Instead of determining the position by means of an angular change, the position determination can also be carried out by means of a linear measuring system which is mounted on the fuselage and senses the position of the carriage. Cable sensors or laser distance sensors are also conceivable.
A preferred embodiment of the length determining unit provides that the length determining unit has a positioning sensor device for positioning the measuring carriage on the workpiece to be measured, the positioning sensor device having at least one sensor for determining the position of the stop relative to the measuring carriage.
In a further embodiment of the length determining unit, the position sensor device preferably has at least one further sensor connected downstream of the first sensor in the direction of the linear guide for determining the position of the stop relative to the measuring carriage. Instead of the two sensors, a single sensor can also be used, which senses the distance of the flap over the entire travel. (length measuring system). Although the two sensors are less costly than the length measuring system, the degree of penetration of the baffle can be sensed at any time in the length measuring system. This speeds up the measurement process, since the process of moving back the first sensor until the signal conversion can be dispensed with.
In a further embodiment of the length determining unit, the sensor for determining the position of the flap is particularly preferably designed in the form of an inductive sensor and/or a hall sensor and determines the offset of the flap due to a change in the position of the measuring rod.
In a further embodiment of the length determining unit, it is particularly preferred that the position sensor device has a contact switch arranged on the measuring stop for detecting a workpiece resting on the measuring stop.
In a further embodiment of the length determining unit, the length determining unit has a control unit which is designed to move the measuring carriage from the rest position into the measuring position as a function of the position sensor device.
The measuring position of the measuring carriage has a defined distance between the stop and the rest of the measuring carriage. The length of the workpiece to be determined can thereby be related to the distance traveled by the measuring carriage. Furthermore, measurement inaccuracies due to deformation of the workpiece by the force action caused by the measuring slide can be prevented. It can also be recognized whether the workpiece is jammed during the displacement and therefore does not reach the measuring stop. This is detected by the flap being pressed against the second sensor without actuating the sensor on the measuring stop. The drive can then be immediately shut down and a corresponding error report issued. For example, if there is an excessively large burr on the pipe end, the pipe is too bent, an unexpectedly large pipe is put in, or in other wrong cases, the workpiece (pipe) may get stuck. The shut down may be important to avoid machine damage or bending of the workpiece (tube).
Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that after determining the workpiece length of the workpiece, the measuring carriage is moved along the guide into the reference position. This enables calibration of the travel sensor (zero position). The reference position may be configured in the form of a reference stop along the guide. In order to identify the measuring carriage on the reference stop, the reference stop can have a contact switch. However, other sensors for position detection are also conceivable, for example by detecting an increase in the load on the electric motor when the reference stop is reached. Alternatively, the light barrier and/or the positioning system can be designed as a position detection device.
In a preferred embodiment of the length determining unit, it is provided that the length determining unit has a measuring sensor device and a computing unit, wherein the computing unit is designed to determine the distance between the measuring stop and the stop from the measuring sensor device.
In a preferred embodiment, the measuring sensor device of the length determining unit has a travel sensor for measuring the travel covered by the measuring carriage. The travel sensor can be designed in the form of an optical sensor, in particular for identifying markings along the guide and/or in the form of a laser sensor, an inductive sensor and/or a near-field locator. This list should not be construed as limiting.
In a further development of the length determining unit, the travel sensor is preferably formed as a rotation angle sensor on a deflection wheel of the toothed belt.
A preferred embodiment of the length determining unit provides that the length determining unit has a workpiece transport module for transferring the measured workpiece to the machine tool.
In a further development of the length determining unit, the workpiece transport module has at least one, in particular at least two, particularly preferably at least four, grippers arranged along the guide. The grippers are designed for transporting the measured workpiece from the length determining unit to the machine tool and/or the feed station. The number of clamps may be selected according to the length of the workpiece or the length of the tubular to be loaded. More or less than four clamps may be provided.
In a further embodiment of the length determining unit, the gripper is synchronously controlled by a central electric motor-operated rod drive.
In a particularly preferred embodiment of the length determining unit, the gripper is coupled to and decoupled from the central rod drive as a function of its distance between the measuring stop and the stop. This prevents the gripper from colliding with the length determining unit and/or the machine tool or the feed station.
The object on which the invention is based is also achieved by a machine tool having a length determination unit as described herein.
In a preferred embodiment of the machine tool, the machine tool has a laser machining tool for machining a workpiece.
The invention also has aspects defined in the following clauses, which only form part of the specification.
1. A length finding unit (410) for a workpiece (426) to be measured, for arrangement on a machine tool (420), having a carrier element (412), a guide device (414), a measuring carriage (416) guided on the guide device (414) with an arrangement or configuration of a stop plate (424), and a measuring stop (428), characterized in that the length finding unit (410) has a damping element (422) for reducing the impact of the measuring carriage (416) on the workpiece (426).
2. The length finding unit according to clause 1, characterized in that the damping element (422) has a spring element (446), a linear guide (444) and a flap (424).
3. The length finding unit according to clause 2, characterized in that the linear guide (444) is configured in the form of a rod guide guided through the wall of the hollow profile (454).
4. A length finding unit according to clause 3, characterized in that the spring element (446) is arranged on the rod of a rod guide within the hollow profile (454).
5. The length determining unit according to clause 4, characterized in that the spring element (446) is supported at one end on the hollow profile (454) and at the other end on a guide stop (448) arranged on a rod guide.
6. The length determining unit according to clause 5, characterized in that the pretension of the spring element (446) can be adjusted by locking the guide stop (448) along a rod guide.
7. The length finding unit according to any of clauses 2 to 6, characterized in that the flap (424) has a measuring rod (456) arranged parallel to the linear guide (444).
8. The length determination unit according to one of the preceding clauses, characterized in that the measuring carriage (416) has a motor (430) for movement along a guide (414).
9. The length determination unit according to clause 8, characterized in that the measuring carriage (416) is moved along a guide (414) by means of a toothed belt (436).
10. Length finding unit according to clause 9, characterized in that the toothed belt (436) extends between two deflection wheels (434, 438) and at least one deflection wheel (434, 438) is driven by a motor (430).
11. The length determining unit according to clause 10, characterized in that the measuring carriage (416) is arranged immovably on a toothed belt (436).
12. The length determination unit according to one of the preceding clauses, characterized in that the length determination unit (410) has a positioning sensor device for positioning the measuring slide (416) on the workpiece (426) to be measured, the positioning sensor device having at least one first position sensor (458) for determining the position of the flap (424) relative to the measuring slide (416).
13. The length determining unit according to clause 12, characterized in that the position sensor device has at least one second position sensor (460) which is connected downstream of the first position sensor (458) in the direction of the linear guide (444) and is used to determine the position of the flap (424) relative to the measuring carriage (416).
14. The length determination unit according to clause 12 or 13, characterized in that the position sensor (458, 460) for determining the position of the flap (424) is designed in the form of an inductive sensor and/or a hall sensor and determines the offset of the flap (424) due to a change in the position of the measuring rod (456).
15. The length determining unit according to any of clauses 12 to 14, characterized in that the position sensor device has a contact switch arranged on the measuring stop (428) for identifying a workpiece (426) resting against the measuring stop (428).
16. The length determination unit according to any of clauses 12 to 15 in combination with clause 8, characterized in that the length determination unit (410) has a control unit which is configured for moving the measuring carriage (416) from the rest position into the measuring position in dependence on the position sensor means.
17. The length determining unit according to one of the preceding clauses is characterized in that it has a measuring sensor device and a computing unit, wherein the computing unit is designed to determine the distance between the measuring stop (428) and the stop (424) as a function of the measuring sensor device.
18. The length determination unit according to clause 17, characterized in that the measuring sensor device has a travel sensor for measuring the travel covered by the measuring carriage (416).
19. The length determination unit according to clause 18 in combination with clause 10, characterized in that the travel sensor is constructed in the form of a rotation angle sensor (440) on a deflection wheel (434, 438) of the toothed belt (436).
20. The length determining unit according to one of the preceding clauses, characterized in that the length determining unit (410) has a workpiece transport module (470) for transferring the measured workpiece (426) to the machine tool (420).
21. The length determining unit according to clause 20, characterized in that the workpiece transport module (470) has at least one gripper (474) arranged along the guide (414).
22. The length determining unit according to clause 21, characterized in that the workpiece transport module (470) has at least two grippers (474).
23. The length finding unit according to clause 22, characterized in that the workpiece transport module (470) has at least four grippers (474).
24. The length finding unit according to any of clauses 21 to 23, characterized in that the clamps (474) are synchronously controlled by a central electric motor-operated lever drive.
25. Length determining unit according to clause 24 in combination with clause 17, characterized in that the clamp (474) can be coupled to and decoupled from the central rod drive depending on its distance between the measuring stop (428) and the stop plate (424).
26. A machine tool (420) having a length finding unit (410) according to any of the preceding clauses.
27. The machine tool of clause 26, wherein the machine tool (420) has a laser machining tool for machining a workpiece.
Aspect 5: clamping device and machine tool with such a clamping device.
In a fifth aspect, the object according to the invention is achieved by a clamping device for machining pipes or profiles on a machine tool, wherein the clamping device has a non-rotatable part and a rotatable part for clamping the pipe or profile, wherein the rotatable part has:
a) a chuck having a first clamp and a second clamp for clamping a pipe or profile;
b) a first cylinder in the form of a pneumatic cylinder for tensioning the first clamp;
wherein the first cylinder has a first chamber and a second chamber which can be loaded with a first pressure and a second pressure independently of one another by means of a first pneumatic line and a second pneumatic line.
Pneumatic cylinders relate to double acting cylinders. By independently loading the two chambers with the first pressure or the second pressure, the clamping force exerted on the pipe or profile during clamping can be precisely adjusted.
For clamping the pipe or profile, the first chamber of the pneumatic cylinder may be loaded with a first pressure in order to apply a clamping force to the first clamp. The first pressure supplied to the first chamber of the pneumatic cylinder via the first pneumatic line and acting on the piston face can generally be continuously adjusted or regulated over a wide pressure range (for example about 2bar to about 10bar) in order to generate a clamping force that is adapted to the workpiece parameters (for example pipe thickness, pipe diameter, material). In order to adjust the pressure in the first chamber, which pressure is adapted to the respective pipe or profile to be clamped, and thus to adjust the corresponding clamping force, the machine tool can access workpiece parameters, which are stored, for example, in a table or the like.
It has been shown that, despite the regulation or adjustment of the pressure in the first chamber of the pneumatic cylinder, damage to the pipe or profile during clamping is still possible, since the pressure in the first chamber should not be below a minimum pressure (e.g. about 2 bar): below this minimum pressure, reliable switching of the valve through which the gaseous medium, generally compressed air, flows is no longer ensured.
In case the pipe or profile is not able to withstand the clamping force generated by the minimum pressure in the first chamber, a counter pressure is generated by loading the second chamber with the second pressure, which counter pressure acts on the piston ring surface in order to reduce the clamping force applied to the pipe or profile by the clamp.
The difference between the first pressure and the second pressure determines the clamping force with which the pipe or profile is clamped. For a gentle clamping of the pipe or profile, a pressure difference below the minimum pressure can be set.
Preferably, the clamping device has a valve assembly controllable via a third pneumatic line for jointly releasing or blocking the first and second pneumatic lines. The third pneumatic line serves as a control line for the pilot valve assembly. In the blocking state, the valve assembly simultaneously blocks both pneumatic lines in order to maintain the pressure in both chambers of the pneumatic cylinder and thus the clamping force. In the released state, the chuck may be opened or closed depending on the pressure in each chamber.
In one embodiment, the valve assembly has a first and a second directional control valve which can be controlled via a third pneumatic line. The first reversing valve is used for releasing or stopping the first pneumatic pipeline. The second reversing valve is used for releasing or stopping the second pneumatic pipeline. The two directional valves are switched synchronously by the pressure in the third pneumatic line and act as stop valves.
Preferably, the valve assembly has a throttling check valve. The throttle check valve serves to throttle the outflow compressed air, for example from the second chamber, while the compressed air flowing into the second chamber flows through the throttle check valve in the throughflow direction without being throttled. In this way, when the chuck is closed, the movement of the piston is inhibited, and when the chuck is open, the piston performs an uninhibited movement.
Preferably, the valve assembly is integrated into the first cylinder. The first cylinder has in this case three pneumatic connections for the first, second and third pneumatic lines. The throttle check valve may be arranged on the outside of the cylinder and the first and second directional valves may be integrated into the bottom of the pneumatic cylinder, for example.
In one embodiment, the chuck comprises a three-way rotary connection for connecting each section of the first, second and third pneumatic lines in the non-rotatable part of the clamping device with each section of the first, second and third pneumatic lines in the rotatable part of the clamping device. This enables the clamping force to be adjusted starting from the non-rotatable part of the clamping device.
In a further embodiment, the clamping device has a controllable pressure regulating valve for regulating the first pressure in the first pneumatic line and/or the second pressure in the second pneumatic line. The pressure regulating valve is usually electrically actuatable and can be arranged in particular in a non-rotatable part of the clamping device. By means of the pressure regulating valve, the first/second pressure can be adjusted or regulated steplessly in a large pressure range, for example in the pressure range of 2 to 10 bar. It is sufficient if the pressure in one of the two pneumatic lines is adjustable. When the respective switching valve is open, the respective other pneumatic line can be supplied with a constant pressure, for example a pressure of about 5 bar.
Preferably, the clamping device has a second cylinder in the form of a pneumatic cylinder for tensioning the second clamp. The second cylinder is preferably constructed identically to the first cylinder structure. In particular, the second cylinder may comprise a valve assembly configured identically to the valve assembly of the first cylinder.
In order to ensure a simultaneous movement of the first and second jaws, the movement of the first jaw can be mechanically coupled with the movement of the second jaw by means of a first coupling device, so that the clamping movement of the first and second jaws takes place synchronously and the pipe or profile is clamped centrally.
In one variant of the first coupling device, the first coupling device has a first ring segment with attachment points for a first and a second clamp.
In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the clamping device has a third clamp and a third cylinder in the form of a pneumatic cylinder for tensioning the third clamp.
The clamping device may have a fourth clamp and a fourth cylinder in the form of a fourth pneumatic cylinder for tensioning the fourth clamp. The grippers can be arranged and actuated in pairs, respectively. Preferably, the first and second gripper jaws form a first gripper jaw pair and the third and fourth gripper jaws form a second gripper jaw pair.
The third gripper jaw can be coupled to the movement of the fourth gripper jaw by means of a second coupling device, so that the clamping movements of the third gripper jaw and the fourth gripper jaw are synchronized.
The second coupling device may be structurally identical to the first coupling device. The second coupling device may have a second ring segment having attachment points for the third and fourth clamps.
Preferably, the pneumatic cylinders of the clamping device are arranged and/or constructed axisymmetrically with respect to the longitudinal axis, i.e. the rotational axis of the rotatable part of the clamping device. Alternatively or additionally, the pneumatic cylinders of the clamping device are preferably of identical design.
The clamping device can be designed to hold the pipe or profile in an axially immovable manner. Alternatively, the chuck can be designed as a push-in chuck (durchchiebefetter), wherein the jaws each have a roller at their free ends in order to be able to move the pipe or profile axially in the chuck.
The object of the invention is further achieved by a machine tool having a tool for machining pipes or profiles, wherein the machine tool has at least one clamping device which is designed as described above.
The machine tool may have a clamping device in the region of the tool, which clamping device is designed as a push-in chuck.
The machine tool may also have a feed station that is movable in the axial direction, wherein the feed station has a (further) clamping device in which the pipe or profile is held immovably in the axial direction.
The tool may be configured in the form of a laser machining tool.
The mechanical guiding means, in particular the first and/or second coupling means, of the pliers may be constructed according to CN 207521898U, CN 207521891U, CN 207521729U, CN 206677411U and/or CN 107790904 a, the contents of which (by reference) are fully incorporated into the present application (incorporated by reference).
The invention also has aspects defined in the following clauses, which only form part of the specification.
1. A clamping device (510) for clamping a pipe (550) or a profile being machined on a machine tool (548), the clamping device having a non-rotatable part (530) and a rotatable part (512) for clamping the pipe (550) or the profile, wherein the rotatable part (512) has:
a) a chuck (514) having a first clamp (516) and a second clamp (518) for clamping the pipe (550) or profile;
b) a first cylinder (526a) in the form of a pneumatic cylinder for tensioning the first clamp (516);
characterized in that the first cylinder (526a) has a first chamber (532) and a second chamber (534) which can be loaded with a first pressure (p) via a first and a second pneumatic line (A, B) independently of one another 1 ) And a second pressure (p) 2 )。
2. Clamping device according to clause 1, having a valve assembly (536) controllable by a third pneumatic line (C) for jointly releasing or blocking the first pneumatic line (a) and the second pneumatic line (B).
3. The clamping device according to clause 2, wherein the valve assembly (536) has first and second direction valves (538, 540) controllable via the third pneumatic line (C).
4. The clamping device according to clause 2 or 3, wherein the valve assembly (536) has a throttling check valve (542).
5. The clamping device according to any of clauses 2 to 4, wherein the valve assembly (536) is integrated into the first cylinder (526 a).
6. Clamping device according to any of clauses 2 to 5, comprising a three-way rotary connection (542) for connecting a section of the first, second and third pneumatic lines (A, B, C) in the non-rotatable part (530) of the clamping device (510) with a section of the first, second and third pneumatic lines (A, B, C) in the rotatable part (512) of the clamping device (510).
7. The clamping device according to any one of the preceding clauses, having a controllable pressure regulating valve (544) for regulating a first pressure (p) in the first pneumatic line (A) 1 ) And/or a second pressure (p) in the second pneumatic line (B) 2 )。
8. The clamping device according to any one of the preceding clauses, wherein the clamping device (510) has a second cylinder (526b) in the form of a pneumatic cylinder for tensioning the second clamp (518).
9. The clamping device according to clause 8, wherein the second cylinder (526b) is structurally identically configured to the first cylinder (526 a).
10. The clamping device according to any one of the preceding clauses, wherein the movement of the first clamp (516) is coupled with the movement of the second clamp (518) by a first coupling means such that the clamping movements of the first clamp (516) and the second clamp (518) are synchronized.
11. The clamping device according to clause 10, wherein the first coupling device has a first ring segment with attachment points for the first clamp (516) and the second clamp (518).
12. The clamping device according to any one of the preceding clauses, wherein the clamping device (510) has a third clamp (520) and a third cylinder (526c) in the form of a pneumatic cylinder for tensioning the third clamp (520).
13. The clamping device according to any one of the preceding clauses, wherein the clamping device (510) has a fourth clamp (522) and a fourth cylinder (526d) in the form of a pneumatic cylinder for tensioning the fourth clamp (522).
14. The clamping device according to clause 13, wherein the movement of the third clamp (520) is coupled with the movement of the fourth clamp (522) by a second coupling device, such that the clamping movements of the third clamp (520) and the fourth clamp (522) are synchronized.
15. The clamping device according to clause 14, wherein the second coupling device has a second ring segment with attachment points for the third jaw (520) and the fourth jaw (522).
16. Clamping device according to one of the preceding clauses, wherein the jaws (516, 518, 520, 522) each have one roller (524a-d) at their free ends in order to be able to move the pipe (550) or profile axially in the chuck (514).
17. A machine tool (548) having a tool (556) for machining a pipe (550) or a profile, wherein the machine tool (548) has at least one clamping device (510) according to any one of the preceding clauses.
18. Machine tool according to clause 17, having a clamping device (510) according to clause 16 in the region of the tool (556).
19. Machine tool according to clause 17 or 18, having an axially movable feed station (554), wherein the feed station (554) has a further clamping device (552) which is configured according to any one of clauses 1 to 15.
20. A machine tool according to any of clauses 17 to 19, wherein the tool (556) is configured in the form of a laser machining tool.
Aspect 6: controllable clamping device and machine tool with such a clamping device
In a sixth aspect, the object according to the invention is achieved by a clamping device for clamping a pipe or a profile to be machined on a machine tool, wherein the clamping device has a non-rotatable part and a rotatable part for clamping the pipe or the profile, wherein the rotatable part has:
a) a chuck having a first clamp and a second clamp for clamping a pipe or profile;
b) a first cylinder for tensioning the first clamp;
c) a first measuring device for indirectly or directly determining the position of the first clamp;
wherein an inductive energy and data transmission device is provided at the transition between the non-rotatable part and the rotatable part in order not only to supply the first measuring device with a voltage, starting from the non-rotatable part, but also to transmit the data measured by the first measuring device to the non-rotatable part.
Therefore, according to the invention, a first measuring device is provided, which determines the position of the first clamp. The voltage supply of the first measuring device is realized by means of an inductive energy and data transmission device. The data measured by the first measuring device are also transmitted by the inductive energy and data transmission device, in which case the measured data are transmitted back to the non-rotatable part of the clamping device. The inductive energy and data transfer device enables contactless energy and data transfer between the rotatable and the non-rotatable parts of the gripping device. This enables a state of the chuck to be monitored with little maintenance and no wear.
The inductive energy and data transmission device can have at least one circular conductor loop and a read device with a read head, wherein the read head is axially aligned with the conductor loop.
Preferably, the inductive energy and data transmission device has two circular conductor loops running centrally with respect to one another and a read device with two read heads, wherein the read heads are each axially aligned with the conductor loops.
The inductive energy and data transmission device may have a circular ring, on which a circular conductor track/tracks is/are arranged.
Further preferably, the conductor loop/loops are arranged on the rotatable part and the reading device is arranged on the non-rotatable part. This enables a structurally particularly simple construction of the clamping device.
The first measuring device can be designed for contactless measurement of the position of the first cylinder. For this purpose, the first measuring device may have a magnetic ring on the piston of the first cylinder and a sensor on the cylinder housing of the first cylinder for sensing the position of the magnetic ring.
Preferably, the clamping device has a second cylinder for tensioning the second clamp.
In order to ensure a simultaneous movement of the first and second jaws, the movement of the first jaw can be mechanically coupled to the movement of the second jaw by means of a first coupling device, so that the clamping movements of the first and second jaws are synchronized and the pipe or profile is clamped centrally.
In one variant of the first coupling device, the first coupling device has a first ring segment with attachment points for a first and a second clamp.
In order to avoid oil leakage, the first and second cylinders may be constructed in the form of pneumatic cylinders.
In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the clamping device has a third clamping jaw and a third cylinder for tensioning the third clamping jaw.
The clamping device may have a second measuring device for indirectly or directly determining the position of the third jaw, wherein the inductive energy and data transmission device is designed to supply the second measuring device with a voltage starting from the non-rotatable part and to transmit the data measured by the second measuring device to the non-rotatable part.
The second measuring device can be constructed identically to the first measuring device. The second measuring device may have a magnetic ring on the piston of the third cylinder and a sensor on the cylinder housing of the third cylinder for sensing the position of the magnetic ring.
Further preferably, the third cylinder is configured in the form of a pneumatic cylinder.
The clamping device may have a fourth clamp and a fourth cylinder for tensioning the fourth clamp. The grippers may be arranged and operated in pairs, respectively. Preferably, the first and second gripper jaws form a first gripper jaw pair and the third and fourth gripper jaws form a second gripper jaw pair.
The third gripper jaw can be coupled to the movement of the fourth gripper jaw by means of a second coupling device, so that the clamping movements of the third gripper jaw and the fourth gripper jaw are synchronized.
The second coupling device may be structurally identical to the first coupling device. The second coupling device may have a second ring segment having attachment points for the third and fourth clamps.
The fourth cylinder may be configured in the form of a pneumatic cylinder.
The cylinders of the clamping device are preferably arranged and/or designed in a line-symmetrical manner with respect to the longitudinal axis, i.e. the rotational axis of the rotatable part of the clamping device. Alternatively or additionally, the cylinders of the clamping device are preferably of identical construction.
The clamping device can be designed to hold the pipe or profile in an axially immovable manner. Alternatively, the chuck can be designed as a push-in chuck (durchchiebefetter), wherein the jaws each have a roller at their free ends in order to be able to move the pipe or profile axially in the chuck.
The object of the invention is also achieved by a machine tool having a tool for machining pipes or profiles, wherein the machine tool has a first clamping device as described herein.
The machine tool can have an axially movable feed station, wherein the feed station has a first clamping device in which the pipe or profile is held in an axially immovable manner, and the machine tool has a second clamping device with a push-in chuck in the region of the tool.
The tool may be configured in the form of a laser machining tool.
The mechanical guiding means of the pliers, in particular the first and/or second coupling means, may be constructed according to CN 207521898U, CN 207521891U, CN 207521729U, CN 206677411U and/or CN 107790904 a, the content of which is fully incorporated in the present application (incorporated by reference).
The invention also has aspects defined in the following clauses, which only form part of the specification.
1. A clamping device (610) for clamping a pipe (660) or a profile being machined on a machine tool (658), wherein the clamping device (610) has a non-rotatable part (646) and a rotatable part (612) for clamping the pipe (660) or profile, wherein the rotatable part (612) has:
a) a chuck (614) having a first clamp (616) and a second clamp (618) for clamping the pipe (660) or profile;
b) a first cylinder (626) for tensioning the first clamp (616);
c) a first measuring device (632) for indirectly or directly determining the position of the first clamp (616);
characterized in that an inductive energy and data transmission device (644) is provided at the transition between the non-rotatable part (646) and the rotatable part (612) in order to supply the first measuring device (632) with a voltage starting from the non-rotatable part (646) and to transmit the data measured by the first measuring device (632) to the non-rotatable part (646).
2. The clamping device according to clause 1, wherein the inductive energy and data transmission device (644) has at least one circular conductor loop (656a, b) and a reading device (648) with at least one reading head (650a, b), wherein the reading head (650a, b) is axially aligned with the conductor loop (656a, b).
3. The clamping device according to clause 2, wherein the inductive energy and data transmission device (644) has a circular ring (654) on which the circular conductor loop wires (656a, b) are arranged.
4. Clamping device according to clause 2 or 3, wherein the conductor loops (656a, b) are arranged on the rotatable part (612) and the reading device (648) is arranged on the non-rotatable part (646).
5. The clamping device according to any one of the preceding clauses, wherein the first measuring device (632) has a magnetic ring (634) on the piston of the first cylinder (626) and a sensor (636) on the cylinder housing of the first cylinder (626) for sensing the position of the magnetic ring (634).
6. The clamping device as claimed in any one of the preceding clauses, wherein the clamping device (610) comprises a second cylinder for tensioning the second clamp (618).
7. The clamping device according to any one of the preceding clauses, wherein the movement of the first clamp (616) is coupled with the movement of the second clamp (618) by first coupling means, such that the clamping movements of the first clamp (616) and the second clamp (618) are synchronized.
8. The clamping device according to clause 7, wherein the first coupling device has a first ring segment with attachment points for the first clamp (616) and the second clamp (618).
9. The clamping device according to any one of the preceding clauses, wherein the first cylinder (626) and the second cylinder are configured in the form of pneumatic cylinders.
10. The clamping device according to any one of the preceding clauses, wherein the clamping device (610) has a third clamp (620) and a third cylinder (628) for tensioning the third clamp (620).
11. The clamping device according to clause 10, wherein the clamping device (610) has a second measuring device (638) for indirectly or directly determining the position of the third clamp (620), wherein the inductive energy and data transmission device (644) is configured for supplying a voltage to the second measuring device (638) starting from the non-rotatable part (646) and transmitting data measured by the second measuring device (638) to the non-rotatable part (646).
12. The clamping device according to clause 11, wherein the second measuring device (638) has a magnetic ring (640) on the piston of the third cylinder (628) and a sensor (642) on the cylinder housing of the third cylinder (628) for sensing the position of the magnetic ring (640).
13. The clamping device according to any of clauses 10 to 12, wherein the third cylinder (628) is configured in the form of a pneumatic cylinder.
14. The clamping device according to any one of clauses 10 to 13, wherein the clamping device (610) has a fourth clamp (622) and a fourth cylinder for tensioning the fourth clamp (622).
15. The clamping device according to clause 14, wherein the movement of the third clamp (620) is coupled with the movement of the fourth clamp (622) by a second coupling device, such that the clamping movements of the third clamp (620) and the fourth clamp (622) are synchronized.
16. The clamping device according to clause 15, wherein the second coupling device comprises a second ring segment having attachment points for the third jaw (620) and the fourth jaw (622).
17. The clamping device according to any of clauses 14 to 16, wherein the fourth cylinder is configured as a pneumatic cylinder.
18. Clamping device according to one of the preceding clauses, wherein the jaws (616, 618, 620, 622) each have one roller (624a-d) at their free ends in order to be able to move the tube (660) or profile axially in the chuck (614).
19. A machine tool (658) with a tool (666) for machining a pipe (660) or a profile, wherein the machine tool (658) has a first clamping device (610) configured according to the clamping device of any of the preceding clauses.
20. Machine tool according to clause 19, wherein the machine tool (658) has an axially movable feed station (664), wherein the feed station (664) has the first clamping device (610) and the machine tool (658) has a second clamping device (610) in the region of the tool (666), which is configured according to clause 18.
21. A machine tool according to clause 19 or 20, wherein the tool (666) is configured in the form of a laser machining tool.
Aspect 7: machine tool with switch cabinet on machine tool body
In a seventh aspect, the task is solved in a very simple manner as follows: the switch cabinet is arranged on a bracket which is arranged or constructed on a machine tool body of the machine tool.
By arranging the switch cabinet on the machine tool bed of the machine tool, the position of the switch cabinet can be determined already when the machine tool is first constructed, irrespective of the conditions present at the final installation site of the machine tool. The wiring of the cable harness therefore only has to be carried out at the first construction, since the adaptation of the cable length does not have to be carried out at the final installation site.
The bracket serves as a connecting element between the switch cabinet and the machine bed. The position of the switchgear cabinet on the machine tool bed is determined by the carrier, so that the arrangement of the switchgear cabinet at the final installation location is achieved only by the arrangement on the carrier.
In a preferred embodiment of the machine tool according to the invention, the switch cabinet is arranged on the upper side of the bracket. The switch cabinet can thereby be mounted on the bracket in a particularly simple manner. It can be provided that the switchgear cabinet is subsequently fixed or screwed to the bracket.
Furthermore, it is also conceivable for the switchgear cabinet to be fastened to the bracket with at least one side wall or back wall. In this case, the switch cabinet can be fastened in particular by hanging it in a bracket and/or by screwing it to the bracket.
In a preferred embodiment, the bracket has a bracket frame, in particular on the top side, which surrounds the switchgear cabinet at least partially or in sections in the circumferential direction. This allows the switchgear cabinet to be simply inserted into the bracket frame from above. This enables a particularly reliable mounting.
In a particularly preferred embodiment, the bracket frame has a detachable cover which covers at least one interface of the switchgear cabinet. By covering the interface of the switchgear cabinet, a particularly limited use of the interface in time can be achieved in a particularly simple manner without opening the switchgear cabinet.
Furthermore, preferably, in an embodiment of the machine tool according to the invention, the carrier has a spacing of between 5 and 50 centimeters from the mounting plane of the machine bed. This enables a high degree of flexibility in the operating height of the switchgear. In addition, irregularities of the installation plane can be overcome particularly well, and the installation plane below the switchgear cabinet can be cleaned particularly easily.
In a particularly preferred embodiment of the machine tool according to the invention, the carrier is arranged or constructed on the machine tool body in a cantilevered manner. This further reduces the dependency of the switchgear cabinet on the installation plane and further improves the cleaning operation. In this case, it can be provided that a support strut for supporting the weight of the switchgear cabinet is arranged below the support strut.
Furthermore, preferably, in an embodiment of the machine tool according to the invention, the bracket is arranged on the machine tool body by means of a threaded connection. The screw connection is a particularly advantageous connection means in order to be able to detach the support from the machine bed. In addition, non-detachable connecting means, such as welding the bracket to the machine tool bed, are also conceivable.
In a preferred embodiment of the machine tool according to the invention, it is provided that the load of the switch cabinet is transferred by the machine tool bed. In other words, the carriage and the machine bed are loaded by the switchgear.
In a particularly preferred embodiment of the machine tool according to the invention, the switch cabinet forms an eye protection for the viewing tool in its arrangement on the machine tool bed. The switch cabinet can thus be used to form safety-relevant eye protection. In the installation area of the switchgear cabinet, separate eye protection measures can be dispensed with.
Furthermore, preferably, in one embodiment of the machine tool according to the invention, the machine tool has a feed station arranged on the machine tool bed for feeding a workpiece to be machined to the tool along the X axis.
In a preferred embodiment, it is provided that the feed station is designed for feeding pipes and profiles.
Particularly preferably, in one embodiment, the feed station is arranged between the tool and the switchgear cabinet. As a result of the positioning of the switch cabinet, unintentional access to the machine tool, in particular to a sub-region of the feed station, can be prevented.
In a further development, the tool is particularly preferably designed in the form of a laser cutting head, and the switch cabinet is designed as a machine tool shield, in particular as a beam shield. The machine tool shielding device is dual-functional and shields not only the machine tool from the surrounding environment, but also the machine tool from the surrounding environment. This prevents the beam and the workpiece chips from unintentionally coming into contact with the machine tool from the machine environment and escaping from the machine tool into the machine environment.
In a further embodiment, the side walls of the switchgear cabinet are particularly preferably designed as machine tool shields.
In a further particularly preferred embodiment, the switch cabinet shields the machine environment from a beam cone radiated by the laser cutting head in the direction of the X axis, which beam cone has an angle of at least 5 °, in particular at least 10 °, particularly preferably at least 45 °. In the case of machining a workpiece by means of a laser cutting head, intense light is generated during machining. By arranging the laser cutting head inside the process chamber, although the emitted light can be largely shielded, the light is radiated into the machine surroundings due to the opening of the workpiece supply. By positioning the switch cabinet in the light path of the escaping light, the machine surroundings can be effectively shielded from the escaping beam.
In a further embodiment, the machine tool has at least one adjusting wall for shielding the machine environment, in particular from the beam. The beam shielding of the environment surrounding the machine can be further improved by the at least one adjusting wall.
In a particularly preferred embodiment, it is provided that the adjusting wall is arranged on the machine tool body. The adjusting wall can be arranged in particular fixedly on the machine tool bed. In this way, it is ensured that the radiation beam is shielded against unintentional displacement of the adjusting wall.
A particularly preferred embodiment provides that the actuating wall is displaceable transversely to the X axis and forms a common machine tool shield with the switch cabinet. In particular, the adjusting wall has an overlapping region with the switchgear cabinet. The beam mask can thereby be adapted to the angle of the escaping beam.
In a further embodiment, the adjusting wall is arranged at right angles to the switchgear cabinet.
In addition, it is particularly preferred in one embodiment that the access opening to the switchgear cabinet is shielded from the beam by a control wall. This enables access and use of the switch cabinet in a manner protected from the beam during operation of the machine tool.
According to a preferred embodiment of the machine tool according to the invention, the machine tool has an approach detection device, which is designed to trigger a safety mechanism. In this way, it is particularly advantageously recognized that a person or an object penetrates into a safety-relevant region of the machine tool. For example, it can be provided to shut down the machine tool for safety reasons as a result of this intrusion.
Preferably, in one embodiment, the proximity detection device is designed in the form of at least one grating.
In another embodiment, the machine tool is configured for transportation. A machine tool configured for transport may have a transport package, such as a transport container, which encloses the components of the machine tool, such as the machine tool bed, the carriage and the switch cabinet.
Even during transport of the machine tool, the switch cabinet can be arranged on a carrier which is arranged or constructed on the machine tool body. During transport, the switchgear cabinet is usually fixed to the carrier. For example, the switch cabinet can be screwed to the bracket and/or fixed to the bracket by means of a hook.
The invention also has aspects defined in the following clauses, which only form part of the specification.
1. A machine tool (710) for machining workpieces, having a machine tool bed (712), a switch cabinet (718) and a tool (724), characterized in that the switch cabinet (718) is arranged on a carriage (714) which is arranged or constructed on the machine tool bed (712).
2. Machine tool according to clause 1, characterized in that the switch cabinet (718) is arranged on the upper side of the carriage (714).
3. Machine tool according to clause 2, characterized in that the carriage (714) has a carriage rim (716) on the upper side, which at least partially surrounds the switch cabinet (718) in the circumferential direction.
4. Machine tool according to clause 3, characterized in that the carriage frame (716) of the carriage (714) has a detachable cover covering at least one interface of the switch cabinet (718).
5. Machine tool according to any one of the preceding clauses, characterized in that the bracket (714) has a spacing of between 5 and 50 cm from a mounting plane (720) of the machine bed (712).
6. Machine tool according to any one of the preceding clauses, characterized in that the carriage (714) is arranged or constructed on the machine bed (712) in a cantilever manner.
7. Machine tool according to any one of the preceding clauses, characterized in that the carriage (714) is arranged on the machine bed (712) by means of a threaded connection or is constructed integrally with the machine bed (712).
8. The machine tool according to any one of the preceding clauses, characterized in that the load of the switch cabinet (718) is transferred by the machine bed (712).
9. Machine tool according to any one of the preceding clauses, characterized in that the switch cabinet (718) constitutes, in its arrangement on the machine bed (712), eye protection of a sight tool (724).
10. Machine tool according to any one of the preceding clauses, characterized in that the machine tool (710) has a feed station (726) arranged on the machine bed (712) for feeding a workpiece to be machined along an X-axis (728) to a tool (724).
11. Machine tool according to clause 10, characterized in that the feeding station (726) is configured for feeding pipes and profiles.
12. Machine tool according to clause 10 or 11, characterized in that the feeding station (726) is arranged between a tool (724) and a switch cabinet (718).
13. Machine tool according to any of clauses 10 to 12, characterized in that the tool (724) is constructed in the form of a laser cutting head and the switch cabinet (718) is constructed as a machine tool shielding (734)
14. Machine tool according to clause 13, characterized in that the side wall (738) of the switch cabinet (718) is configured as a machine tool shield (734).
15. The machine tool of any of clauses 13 or 14, characterized in that the switch cabinet (718) shields a machine ambient from a beam cone (744) radiated by the laser cutting head in the direction of the X axis (728), the beam cone having an angle of at least 5 °.
16. Machine tool according to clause 15, characterized in that the angle of the beam cone (744) shielded by the switch cabinet (718) is at least 10 °.
17. Machine tool according to clause 16, characterized in that the angle of the beam cone (744) shielded by the switch cabinet (718) is at least 45 °.
18. Machine tool according to any of clauses 13 to 17, characterized in that the machine tool (710) has at least one conditioning wall (736a-d) for shielding the machine surroundings from the beam.
19. Machine tool according to clause 18, characterized in that the adjusting wall (736a-d) is arranged on the machine tool (712).
20. Machine tool according to clause 18 or 19, characterized in that the adjusting walls (736a-d) are movable in a direction transverse to the X axis (728) and form a common machine tool shield (734) with the switch cabinet (718).
21. Machine tool according to any one of clauses 18 to 20, characterized in that the adjusting walls (736a-d) are arranged at right angles to the switch cabinet (718).
22. Machine tool according to any of clauses 18 to 21, characterized in that the access to the switch cabinet (718) is shielded from the beam by the regulating walls (736 a-d).
23. Machine tool according to any one of the preceding clauses, characterized in that the machine tool (710) has a proximity recognition device (746), the proximity recognition device (746) being configured for triggering a safety mechanism.
24. Machine tool according to clause 23, characterized in that the proximity recognition device (746) is constructed in the form of at least one grating.
25. The machine tool according to any one of the preceding clauses, characterized in that the machine tool (710) is configured for transportation.
Aspect 8: machine tool for machining pipe fittings
According to the utility model discloses, be provided with the lathe that is used for pipe fitting processing in the eighth aspect. The machine tool has a feed station with a chuck for gripping the pipe. Furthermore, the machine tool has a tool for machining the pipe. The feed station is capable of moving a tubular clamped in the chuck relative to the tool. The feed station can move the tubular, in particular in a translational manner, along the longitudinal axis of the tubular. Furthermore, the feed station may be arranged for rotating the tubular about its longitudinal axis. By moving the pipe relative to the tool, the pipe can be machined in a desired manner by means of the tool, in particular along a predetermined contour. A tube is understood to mean, in particular, an elongate object having a continuous bore along a longitudinal axis. The continuous bore is in principle surrounded on all sides by the pipe wall of the pipe piece. In the machining of the pipe, the notch can be introduced into the pipe wall. The cross section, in particular the outer cross section, and generally also the cross section of the continuous bore, can have any shape in principle. The pipe may in particular be a round pipe. Alternatively, the tube can have a polygonal cross section, for example a rectangular cross section, and can be configured, in particular, in a square cross section.
According to the utility model discloses, the lathe still has suction device for pass the (holding) chuck with the waste material of pipe fitting processing and suck away from the pipe fitting. The suction device enables the removal of waste material that has accumulated during the machining process from the machining point, so that this waste material is neither disturbed during the machining process, nor removed from the machine tool together with the finished pipe. The suction device is particularly capable of removing debris generated during laser cutting. The opposite side of the tube is protected by suction from adhering particles (debris) or adhesion is reduced. Furthermore, gas can be sucked from the working space by means of the suction device. By sucking through the pipe and the chuck, the suction device is decoupled from the machining of the pipe and can be flexibly configured and arranged at a suitable position on the machine tool bed. The suction device basically causes the waste material to be sucked away in the following manner: a negative pressure is applied on the end of the pipe clamped in the chuck, so that an air flow is generated through the pipe towards and through the chuck. This air flow causes the waste material to be transported through the tube and chuck. In this context, an air flow is understood generally to mean a flow of gas, usually ambient air, which is enriched or replaced by process gases, such as protective gases and/or cutting gases, for example, for assisting the pipe machining, depending on the tool.
Preferably, the suction device has a separating device for separating coarse and fine waste material. The coarse and fine waste can then be discharged separately and disposed of or reused. The coarse waste material can be, in particular, so-called machining residues, larger chips or sections removed from the pipe. The fine waste material can be, in particular, dust, cutting slag or smaller chips.
The separating apparatus may have baffles. In particular, the coarse waste material bounces back more strongly from the baffle, so that mechanical separation is caused.
The separating apparatus may have a screen element. In principle, the screen elements have a plurality of holes through which only fine waste material can pass. The coarse waste is retained by the screen elements. The screen element may be configured as an aperture plate. This enables a particularly robust configuration.
Particularly preferably, the separating apparatus is arranged on the feed station. Thus, it is possible to separate coarse and fine waste material directly behind the chuck. This simplifies further export or temporary storage of the respective waste material.
The suction device may have a suction hose. The vacuum generating device of the suction device can be connected by means of a suction hose. Furthermore, the suction hose can be used for flexible transport away of waste material.
Preferably, the suction hose is connected to the feed station. This simplifies the application of the underpressure required for suction to the chuck or to the end of the tube clamped in the chuck. The connection of the negative pressure generating device to the feeding station by means of the suction hose allows to arrange the negative pressure generating device remote from the feeding station. In particular, a common vacuum generating device for a plurality of machine tools can be provided.
Particularly preferably, the suction hose is guided together with the at least one supply line of the feed station in a cable guide. This simplifies the structure of the machine tool and ensures reliable guidance of the suction hose. The supply line or one of the supply lines may be an electric cable for supplying electric power to the feed station, a pneumatic hose for supplying compressed air to the feed station or a hydraulic hose for supplying hydraulic liquid to the feed station. The cable guide can also be referred to as an energy chain. The cable guide can be of chain-like design, having chain links which are connected to one another in an articulated manner and in or on which the suction hose and the at least one supply line are guided.
It is very particularly preferred if a suction hose for sucking away fine waste material is arranged on the separating device. The fine waste material can then be conducted out of the separating device in a simple manner via the suction hose. Here, the coarse waste material is not conducted away via the suction hose, but is usually first left in the collection space of the separating device.
Advantageously, it is furthermore provided that the suction device has a collecting space for collecting waste material. If the suction device has a separating apparatus, it is preferred that a collecting space for collecting coarse waste material is arranged on the separating apparatus. Thus, coarse waste material remains in the collecting space, while fine waste material is usually conducted out of the separating apparatus, preferably through a suction hose.
The collecting space may be arranged on the feeding station. The waste may then be captured either directly after escaping from the clamped end of the pipe or after passing through the chuck. This simplifies the structure of the suction device.
Preferably, the collecting space is closed by means of an openable flap. During operation for sucking away waste material, the flap is in principle closed. To remove waste material from the collection space, a shutter can be opened. This makes it possible to discharge the waste material centrally from the collecting space, for example during standstill of the operation, for example when a new tubular is gripped.
An actuator, preferably a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder, may be provided for automatically opening the flap. This simplifies emptying of the collecting space.
The machine tool may have a catching space for catching waste material from the collecting space. Thus, the waste material can be temporarily stored in the catching space. The capture space is typically larger than the collection space. The volume of the capture space is preferably at least five times, particularly preferably at least ten times, very particularly preferably at least twenty times as large as the volume of the collecting space. While the collecting space is preferably emptied automatically, usually within a short time interval, the capture space can be emptied within a larger time interval, for example only once a day, in particular manually.
An emptying device may be provided at the capturing space for emptying the capturing space into the waste bin. The waste bin enables reliable removal of waste material. The emptying device can be configured for manual or automated handling.
The feeding station and the tool may be arranged on a machine tool body of the machine tool. The machine bed usually forms a stable base structure of the machine on which further components of the machine can be held or guided. Preferably, the feed station is movable on a machine bed of the machine tool.
The tool may be arranged on the machine tool bed stationary with respect to the longitudinal axis of the pipe to be machined. This simplifies the attachment of the tool to the machine tool bed. The tool can be supported on the machine tool body transversely to the longitudinal axis in a manner that it can be moved in one or two directions, preferably orthogonal to each other. This may simplify the machining of the tube. The tool arranged on the machine bed can be pivotably supported. This provides a plurality of degrees of freedom in the machining of the pipe.
In order to simplify the construction of the machine tool, it can be provided that the capture space is arranged stationary on the machine tool body. In order to empty the collecting space into the capturing space, the feeding station with the collecting space is usually moved above the capturing space.
The chuck may have a plurality of, preferably four, clamping sections. These clamping sections enable clamping of the tube on the chuck. Preferably, the clamping section is designed for a tight abutment against the pipe. This simplifies the sucking of waste material from the pipe through the chuck.
Preferably, the tool is a laser machining head. The laser processing head can realize flexible and reasonable pipe fitting processing.
The invention also has aspects defined in the following clauses, which only form part of the specification.
1. A machine tool (810) for pipe machining having:
a feeding station (816) having a chuck (818) for gripping a tube,
-a tool (812) for machining a pipe,
-suction means (824) for sucking away pipe processing waste from the pipe through the chuck (818).
2. Machine tool (810) according to clause 1, characterized in that the suction device (824) has a separating apparatus (832) for separating coarse and fine waste material.
3. The machine tool (810) according to clause 2, characterized in that the separating device (832) has a baffle (842).
4. Machine tool (810) according to clause 2 or 3, characterized in that the separating device (832) has a sieve element (844), preferably a perforated plate.
5. The machine tool (810) according to any of clauses 2 to 4, characterized in that the separation device (832) is arranged on the feeding station (816).
6. Machine tool (810) according to any one of the preceding clauses, characterized in that the suction device (824) has a suction hose (828).
7. The machine tool (810) according to clause 6, characterized in that the suction hose (828) is connected to the feeding station (816).
8. Machine tool (810) according to clause 6 or 7, characterized in that the suction hose (828) is guided together with the feed line of the feed station (816) in a cable guide (830).
9. Machine tool (810) according to any of clauses 2 to 5, characterized in that a suction hose (828) for sucking away fine waste is arranged on the separating device (832).
10. Machine tool (810) according to any one of the preceding clauses, characterized in that the suction device (824) has a collecting space (850) for collecting, in particular, coarse waste material.
11. The machine tool (810) according to clause 10, characterized in that the collecting space (850) is arranged on the feeding station (816).
12. Machine tool (810) according to clause 11, characterized in that the collection space (850) is closed by means of an openable shutter (852).
13. Machine tool (810) according to any of clauses 10 to 12, characterized in that an actuator (854), preferably a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder, is provided for automatically opening the shutter (852).
14. Machine tool (810) according to any one of clauses 10 to 13, characterized in that the machine tool (810) has a catching space for catching waste material from the collecting space (850).
15. Machine tool (810) according to clause 14, characterized in that an emptying device is provided on the capturing space for emptying the capturing space into the waste bin.
16. The machine tool (810) according to any of the preceding clauses, characterized in that the feed station (816) and the tool (812) are arranged on a machine bed (814) of the machine tool (810).
17. The machine tool (810) according to clause 16, characterized in that the feed station (816) is movable on a machine bed (814) of the machine tool (810).
18. Machine tool (810) according to clause 16 or 17, characterized in that the tool (812) is movably, preferably movably transverse to the longitudinal axis of the tubular to be machined and/or pivotably arranged on the machine bed (814).
19. Machine tool (810) according to clause 14 or 15 and according to any one of clauses 16 to 18, characterized in that the capturing space is arranged stationary on the machine bed (814).
20. Machine tool (810) according to any of the preceding clauses, characterized in that the chuck (818) has a plurality of, preferably four, clamping sections (822) configured for tight abutment against a pipe.
21. The machine tool (810) according to any of the preceding clauses, characterized in that the tool (812) is a laser machining head.
Drawings
Further advantages of the invention result from the description and the drawings. The features mentioned above and those yet further listed can likewise be used individually or in any combination of a plurality of them. The embodiments shown and described are not to be understood as being exhaustive in the end, but rather have exemplary features for describing the invention.
Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a loading device with tubes for feeding a part of a machine tool according to the invention;
fig. 2 shows a machine tool with a loading device according to fig. 1 in a side view, but without the tube, wherein the pull wire of the loading device with the weight fixed thereon can be seen in fig. 2;
FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of the weight of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of another embodiment of the weight;
FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of another embodiment of the weight;
FIG. 6 shows a cross-sectional view of the weight of FIG. 5;
fig. 7 shows an isometric view of a transport apparatus for transporting pipes or profiles according to the invention, with a first and a second conveyor, wherein the conveyors each have a chain;
FIG. 8 shows an isometric view of the transport apparatus of FIG. 7 without the chain;
fig. 9 shows an enlarged detail of the front region of the transport device according to fig. 8;
fig. 10 shows an isometric view of a part of a machine tool in the form of a transport device, wherein the transport device has two traction mechanisms for transporting a pipe or a profile, and wherein the pipe or profile can be detected by corresponding sensor devices in the region of the traction mechanisms;
fig. 11a shows a side of the first sensor arrangement of fig. 10 facing away from the first traction mechanism in the non-actuated state;
fig. 11b shows the first sensor arrangement according to fig. 11a in a manoeuvre state;
fig. 12a shows the side of the first sensor arrangement of fig. 11a facing the first traction mechanism in the non-actuated state;
fig. 12b shows the side of the first sensor arrangement of fig. 11b facing the first traction mechanism in the operating state;
figure 13a shows an isometric view of a first sensor arrangement;
fig. 13b shows a top view of the first sensor arrangement according to fig. 13 a;
fig. 14 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a length finding unit according to the invention;
figure 15 shows a detail view of the measurement carriage of the embodiment of figure 14;
fig. 16a-c show exemplary impact reduction and subsequent positioning of the measuring carriage in the measuring position in a detail view of the embodiment;
FIG. 17 shows a schematic view of a measuring assembly with the length finding unit, the workpiece transport module and the machine tool of FIG. 14;
FIG. 18 shows an isometric view of a rotatable portion of a clamping arrangement having four jaws;
fig. 19 shows a top view of the clamping arrangement according to fig. 18 without the four jaws;
FIG. 20 shows a pneumatic circuit diagram of the clamping device of FIG. 18;
fig. 21 shows a machine tool for machining pipes or profiles, which can be held by two clamping devices, wherein one clamping device is configured as in fig. 18.
FIG. 22 shows an isometric view of a rotatable portion of a clamping arrangement having four jaws;
fig. 23 shows a side view of the clamping arrangement according to fig. 22, wherein the non-rotatable part of the clamping arrangement is schematically supplemented;
FIG. 24 shows a portion of an inductive power and data transfer device according to the clamping device of FIG. 22;
fig. 25 shows a machine tool for machining pipes or profiles which can be held on one end side by two clamping devices, wherein the clamping devices are designed according to the clamping device in fig. 22;
figure 26 shows a perspective view of a section of a first embodiment of a machine tool according to the invention;
fig. 27 shows a section of a second embodiment of a machine tool according to the invention with an additional machine tool shield;
FIG. 28 shows a top view of a section of the embodiment of the machine tool of FIG. 27;
fig. 29 shows a schematic top view of a machine tool according to the invention with a tool in the form of a laser machining head, a feed station movable along the machine bed with a chuck for gripping a pipe, and a suction device for the waste of pipe machining, which suction device is arranged on the feed station;
figure 30 shows a feed station of the machine tool of figure 29 in a schematic perspective view looking into a chuck having four gripping sections for gripping a pipe;
fig. 31 shows, in a schematic top view, a feed station of the machine tool of fig. 29, wherein a separating device is arranged in the container on the feed station, from which separating device a suction hose extends in the cable guide;
fig. 32 shows a schematic perspective view of the feed station of the machine tool from fig. 29, wherein it can be seen that the separating device is configured with an extractable insert and the collecting space for the coarse waste material is closed by an automatically openable flap;
fig. 33 shows a feed station of the machine tool of fig. 29 in a schematic longitudinal sectional view, wherein it can be seen that the separating apparatus has a screen element in the form of a perforated plate and a baffle plate;
fig. 34 shows a schematic longitudinal section of the feed station as in fig. 33, but viewed in the opposite direction of view, wherein it can be seen that a suction hose for sucking away fine waste material is arranged behind the screen plate and the screen element of the separating apparatus.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 shows a loading device 110 for simple loading and handing over of pipes 112 or profiles for further processing. The loading device 110 has a plurality, here four, of stay wire retainers 114 a-d. The number of stay wire holders 114a-d depends on the length of the pipe or profile to be loaded. The wire retainers 114a-d are preferably identically configured. The cord holder 114a is representatively described in detail below for all of the cord holders 114 a-d.
The wire holder 114a has a wire 116. The pull wire 116 extends at least between a handover area 118 and a support area 120 of the pull wire holder 114 a. Between the handing-over area 118 and the support area 120, the stay 116 forms a recess 122 in a lowered, relaxed state. Support area 120 is located at a higher level than handover area 118, such that tightening of drawstring 116 results in emptying of tube 112 from recess 122 towards handover area 118 due to gravity.
The recess 122 is defined by the weight of the cable 116 between the transition region 118 and the support region 120 and the weight of the tube 112, but in particular (in the case of an emptied recess 122) by the weight 124.
In order to prevent the weight 124 from sliding together with the tube 112 towards or out of the transition region 118 when emptying the recess 122 and forming a depression or recess there, which can only be emptied unevenly, the weight 124 can be arranged on the pull wire 116 in an immovable manner. In other words, the weight 124 may be fixed to the cable 116 such that the weight cannot move relative to the cable 116 in the fixed state.
The pulling wire 116 is fixed at one end to the support area 120 and at the other end arranged in such a way that it can be wound by the winding device 126. The winding device 126 has rollers 128, in particular with side guide plates 130a, 130 b. The pull line 116 is guided in the handover area 118 to the roller 128 by means of a support roller 132. Therefore, the support roller 132 of the handover area 118 is disposed higher than not only the recess 122 but also the roller 128. As a result, the tubular 112 can be handed over particularly precisely at the support rollers 132.
To ensure synchronous operation of the wires 116, the loading device 110 has a drive 134. The actuator 134 is preferably connected to the pull wire of the winding device 126 by a shaft 136. Alternatively, the winding device 126 may be driven by means of separate drive devices which are synchronized in another way.
Fig. 2 shows a machine tool 138 with a loading device 110 according to fig. 1. The machine tool 138 preferably has a tool (not shown) in the form of a laser machining tool. In fig. 2, a machine part 140 is schematically shown, to which a pipe 112 (see fig. 1) or a profile can be transferred from the loading device 110. To transport away the pipe 112 or the profile, the machine part 140 has a conveying device 142, which is currently configured in the form of a conveyor chain 144.
The loading device 110 is shown in fig. 2 in an unloaded state. The support area 120 is configured at the upper end of the support shelf 146. The support bracket 146 is spaced from a drive portion 150 of the loading device 110 by a horizontal bracket 148. As can be seen in fig. 2, when the pull wire 116 is deployed to such an extent that the weight 124 is located in the region of the support frame 146, the position of the weight 124 on the pull wire 116 substantially halves the length of the pull wire between the support area 120 and the handover area 118.
Fig. 3 shows a portion of the loading device 110 in the region of the weight 124. As can be seen in fig. 3, the pull wire 116 is at least partially guided through the weight 124. The weight 124 has a locking device 152 for releasably securing to the pull wire 116. The locking device 152 has two plates 154a, b between which the pull wire 116 is guided. The two plates 154a, b are preferably made of plastic in order to avoid damage to the tube 112 or the profile. The plates 154a, b are preferably held releasably against one another by two screws 156a, b. The pull wire 116 may be guided through between the screws 156a, b. Alternatively, the screws 156a, b may pass through the pull wire 116 in order to cause a form-locking with the pull wire 116.
At least one of the plates 154a, b has a toothing 158, through which the pull wire 116 is guided at least in sections. The weight 124 may be moved on the pull wire 116 by loosening at least one of the screws 156a, b. For subsequent fixing, the screws 156a, b can be tightened again, so that the teeth 158 engage at least in sections in the cable 116 and prevent further displacement. The weight 124 may be completely detached from the pull wire 116 by removing the screws 156a, 156 b.
Fig. 4 shows a portion of the loading device 110 having a weight 124 similar to the embodiment in fig. 3. As can be seen in fig. 4, the weight 124 has a thin tooth portion 158.
Fig. 5 and 6 show another embodiment of the loading device 110 with a weight 124. The pull wire 116 is guided through the weight 124 in multiple turns. Preferably, the pull wire 116 overlaps in sections in the region of the weight 124, in order to be able to fix the pull wire 116 to the weight 124. The teeth 158 (see fig. 3 and 4) can thus be omitted.
Throughout all of the above figures, the present invention relates to a loading device 110 having a tensionable pull wire 116. On the pull wire 116, in particular, a releasable weight 124 is immovably, i.e. immovably, fixed on the pull wire 116. The weight 124 may have a tooth 158 to reliably prevent the weight 124 from sliding relative to the cable 116. The weight 124 is particularly preferably arranged on the cable 116 in such a way that it lies on the transfer region 118 of the loading device 110, in which the tube 112 or profile placed in the cable 116 can be transferred to a part 140 of the machine tool 138, with the cable 116 being as tight as possible. It is further preferred that the loading device 110 has a plurality of, in particular identically configured, pull wire holders 114a-d, each with a pull wire 116, wherein the plurality of pull wires 116 form a common recess 122 for receiving the tube 112 or profile. It is further preferred that a common driver 134 is provided for tensioning the wires 116 of the plurality of wire retainers 114 a-d. The present invention also relates to a machine tool 138 having such a loading device 110.
Fig. 7 shows a part of a machine tool 210 in the form of a transport device 212. The transport device 212 serves to supply the pipe 214, which is schematically illustrated in fig. 7, to a further part of the machine tool 210, where the pipe 214 or the profile can be machined, in particular, by means of a laser machining tool (not illustrated).
The transport device 212 has a first conveyor 216 and a further conveyor 218. The first conveyor 216 has a chain 220. For illustration reasons, only a few links of the chain 220 are shown, such as links 222a, b. The remaining links are only schematically shown in the form of belts. In fact, the chain 220 is currently composed of identical links 222a, b in unison.
In order to avoid scratching the tube 214 or the profile, the chain links 222a, b of the chain 220 may each be provided with rollers, in particular in the form of plastic rollers, of which only the rollers 223a, b are shown in fig. 7 for the sake of clarity. The axes of the rollers 223a, b constitute extensions of the pins of the links 222a, b. Alternatively or additionally to the rollers 223a, b, plastic elements may be arranged on the links 222a, b.
The first conveyor 216 moves in the direction of arrow 224; the further conveyor 218 moves in the same direction, i.e. in the direction of arrow 226. These conveyors 216, 218 partially overlap to ensure seamless transport of tubular 214. However, to better spread tubular 214, conveyors 216, 218 may be run at different speeds. The two conveying devices 216, 218 are preferably offset in height relative to one another. The first conveyor 216 is preferably higher than the further conveyor 218. If the second conveyor 218 runs faster than the first conveyor 216 in this case, the pipes 214 or profiles are "pulled apart" from one another when passing from the first conveyor 216 onto the further conveyor 218.
The further conveying device 218 is constructed identically to the first conveying device 216 (apart from the chain length). Therefore, the following description is limited to the illustration of the first conveyance device 216.
The first conveyor 224 has a receiving region 228, at which the pipe 214 or profile arrives on the chain 220 of the first conveyor 224. Furthermore, the first conveyor 224 has a further guide region 230, in the region of which the pipe 214 or profile continues to be transported in the chain 220. The solution according to the invention relates in particular to the support of the chain 220 in the transition region from the receiving region 228 to the continued guiding region 230. In known solutions, in the case of very heavy pipes 214 or profiles, a bending of the chain 220 usually occurs in this transition region. According to the present invention, support for chain 220 is provided in this critical area, as set forth below.
Fig. 8 shows the transport device 212 according to fig. 7, however without the chain 220, in order to illustrate the support of the chain 220. The chain 220 (not shown in fig. 8) is tensioned between the first gear 232 and the second gear 234. Gears 232 and 234 are preferably identically configured, but are arranged in mirror image relative to each other. For supporting the chain, a support rail 236 is arranged between the gears 232, 234. The support rail 236 is of multi-part, in particular two-part, design. The support rail has a first support rail portion 238 that extends into first gear 232 and a second support rail portion 240 that extends into second gear 234. In order to be able to (again) tension the chain 220 (see fig. 7), the support rail parts 238, 240 are movable relative to each other in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the support rail 236.
To (again) tension the chain 220 (see fig. 7), a tensioning device 242 is provided. The first threaded connection 244a and the second threaded connection 244b, which is hidden in fig. 8, are used to adjust the tension of the tensioning device 242.
Fig. 9 shows an enlarged portion of the transport device 212 according to fig. 8. As can be seen in fig. 9, the transport device 212 has a first support 246. The first gear 232 is disposed on the second bracket 250 through a bearing 248. The second bracket 250 also has a first support rail portion 238. In particular, the first support rail portion 238 is configured on the second bracket 250. Thus, the first gear 232 is able to move with the first support rail portion 238 when the chain 220 is tensioned (see fig. 7).
Furthermore, it can be seen from fig. 9 how the first support rail portion 238 extends into the first gear wheel 232. The first gear 232 has a first axial section 252 and a second axial section 254. The first gear 232 has a smaller circumference in the first axial section 252 than in the second axial section 254. Thus, the first support rail portion 238 may extend almost to the circumference of the first axial section 252 and thus project circumferentially into the first gear 232 relative to the second axial section 254. Thereby, the chain 220 (see fig. 7) may thereby be guided into the continued guide region 230 (see fig. 7) in a manner continuously supported by the receiving region 228 (see fig. 7).
In order to achieve a particularly uniform chain guidance, the tooth profile of the teeth of the first gearwheel 232 (up to the circumference of the teeth in the first section 252) is identical to the tooth profile of the teeth in the second section 254. It is further preferred that all teeth of the first gear wheel 232 are identically configured.
Throughout all of the above figures, the present invention relates to a transport device 212 having a first gear 232 by means of which a chain 220 is guided. Viewed in the axial direction, the first gear wheel 232 has sections 252, 254 with different diameters. The teeth of the first gear wheel 232 are preferably of identical design up to the smaller diameter. The first support rail portion 238 extends into a section 252 having a smaller diameter. The first support rail portion 238 does not exceed the tip circle diameter of the section 254 having the larger diameter. The first support rail portion 238 may be coupled to the gear 232 such that the first support rail portion is movable with the first gear 232. Particularly preferably, the chain 220 is guided by a second gearwheel 234 which is opposite the first gearwheel 232, wherein the second support track section 240 projects into an axial section 252 of the second gearwheel 234 to such an extent that the maximum tip circle diameter of the second gearwheel 234 is not exceeded.
Fig. 10 shows a machine tool 310 with a transport device 312. The transport apparatus 312 has a first transport device 314 for transporting the tubulars 316a, b. The tubes 316a, b can be transported by a first traction means 318 and a second traction means 320. The pulling mechanisms 318, 320 are largely illustrated schematically or in the form of belts in fig. 10 for illustration reasons. In fact, the traction means 318, 320, which are configured in the form of a chain, are constituted continuously by links, some of which are shown in fig. 10.
The first traction mechanism 318 can be driven by a first shaft 322 and the second traction mechanism 320 can be driven by a second shaft 324. The first shaft 322 and/or the second shaft 324 may be provided for common or synchronous driving of at least one further conveying device (not shown). The at least one further conveyor may be constructed identically to the first conveyor 314. The more transport devices 314 are arranged next to one another, the longer pipes 316a, b or profiles can be transported by means of the transport device 312.
The first pulling means 318 can be operated at a different, in particular lower, speed than the second pulling means 320 in order to space the tubular pieces 316a, b, which are closely successive to one another, from one another. To avoid scratching the catheter members 316a, b, the second traction mechanism 320 is arranged preferably slightly lower in height than the first traction mechanism 318.
The tubulars 316a, b come from a loading apparatus 326 schematically shown in fig. 10. The loading device 326 may, for example, have a strip or strips forming a recess into which the tubes 316a, b can be placed. The tubular 316a, b is then handed over to the transport apparatus 312 by tightening the one or more straps.
The transport apparatus 312 has a first sensor arrangement 328 to determine whether the tubular 316a is positioned on the first pulling mechanism 318. The first sensor arrangement 328 wirelessly or wiredly transmits information to the controller 330 whether the tubular 316a is positioned on the first pulling mechanism 318. The controller 330 is wirelessly or wired connected to the loading device 326 to enable the loading device 326 to stop or slow down when the tubulars 316a, b are located on the first pulling mechanism 318.
In order to be able to transport and to better spread the pipes 316a, b more controllably, the transport device 312 has a stop rail 332, which is schematically illustrated in fig. 10. The passage height H between the stop rail 332 and the first pulling means 318 can be adjusted by means of a drive 334, which is schematically illustrated in fig. 10.
The presence of the tubular 316a, b on the second pulling mechanism 320 can be detected by means of the second sensor device 336. The second sensor arrangement 336 may be constructed identically to the first sensor arrangement 328. The second sensor device 336 may be wired or wirelessly connected with the controller 330. The controller may be configured to stop or slow the first pulling mechanism 318 when the tubular 316a, b is detected on the second pulling mechanism 320 to more effectively space or spread the tubular 316a, b relative to one another.
The two sensor devices 328, 336 have a horizontal overlap. Thereby ensuring that the presence of the tubular 316a, b is always reported to the controller 330, and there are no areas where this is not the case. The overlap is preferably provided in the region of the second pulling means 320 in order to reliably detect when the tubular 316a, b leaves the first pulling means 318 (if the first sensor arrangement 328 no longer reports, the tubular 316a, b is no longer absolutely certain on the first pulling means 318).
The structure of the first sensor arrangement 328 is described in detail below:
fig. 11a shows the first sensor arrangement 328 in an unsteered state. Fig. 11b shows the first sensor arrangement 328 in the operating state, i.e. in the case of a weight load of one or more pipes 316a, b (see fig. 10). As can be seen from the parallelogram depicted by means of dashed lines in fig. 11a, 11b, the first sensor device 328 has a parallelogram guide 338.
The first sensor arrangement 328 has a stop roller 340, against which the sensor rail 342 stops in the operating state of the first sensor arrangement 328, and thus limits the maximum deflection of the first sensor arrangement 328. In addition, the stopper roller 340 is also a weight. A second, slightly smaller weight is arranged on the other arm.
Fig. 12a shows the first sensor arrangement 328 in an inoperative state from the perspective of the first traction mechanism 318 (see fig. 10). Fig. 12b shows the first sensor arrangement 328 in a manoeuvre state. As can be seen from fig. 12a, 12b, the parallelogram guide 338 is formed in particular by a base plate 344, guide rods 346a, b which can pivot on the base plate, and sections of the sensor rail 342 which connect the guide rods 346a, b. The guide rods 346a, b are preferably of curved design, in particular L-shaped or C-shaped. The base plate 344 may have vertical elongated holes 348a, b for adjustably securing the first sensor arrangement 328.
Fig. 13a shows an isometric view of the first sensor arrangement 328. Fig. 13b shows a top view of the first sensor arrangement 328 according to fig. 13 a. As can be seen from fig. 13a, 13b, the first sensor arrangement 328 has a switch 350, which here comprises a metal detector 352. The switch 350 detects whether a portion of the parallelogram guide 338 is in front of it. From this information, it can be deduced whether the first sensor arrangement 328 has been actuated. Preferably, the guide bar arranged before the switch 350, here the guide bar 346a, has a recess 354 in one of the (actuated or non-actuated) states, in order to be able to distinguish the two states precisely. The grooves 354 may be configured in the form of through slots.
The sensor rail 342 can have horizontal elongated holes 356a, b, on which the guide rods 346a, b are articulated, in order to allow adjustment possibilities of the first sensor arrangement 328, in particular to allow horizontal adjustment of the sensor rail 342.
The terms "horizontal", "vertical", "above", "below" and the like refer here to the assembled state of the transport device 312 (see fig. 10).
Thus, throughout all of the above figures, the present invention is directed to a transport apparatus 312 having a first traction mechanism 318 and a first sensor arrangement 328. The first sensor arrangement 328 can have a sensor rail 342 which is arranged, in particular, parallel to the first traction means 318. The first sensor device 328 can preferably be switched by weight from the non-actuated state into the actuated state. Here, the parallelogram guide 338 may be arranged on the first sensor rail 342. The parallelogram guide 338 may have guide rods 346a, b arranged in parallel. The guide rods 346a, b preferably connect the sensor rail 342 with the base plate 344. The first sensor arrangement 328 may have a switch 350, in particular in the form of a metal detector 352.
Fig. 14 shows an embodiment of a length determining unit 410, which has a carrier element 412 and a measuring carriage 416 guided on a guide 414. The support structure of the support element 412 is constructed in one or more parts and has two identical partial elements rotated by 180 °. Furthermore, the support elements 412 in the embodiment shown each have a flange 418 at the end for arranging the support elements 412 on a machine tool 420 (see fig. 17).
The measuring carriage 416 has a stop plate 424 arranged on the damping element 422. The stop 424 is oriented in the direction of extension of the guide 414 and protrudes from the measuring carriage 416 in the direction of extension of the guide 414. The baffle 424 forms a contact surface with a workpiece 426 to be measured (see fig. 16 a-c). On the side of the guide 414 opposite to the side with the stop 424, the length determining unit 410 has a measuring stop 428. In the measuring position occupied by the measuring slide 416, the workpiece to be measured (not shown) is clamped between the measuring stop 428 and the stop plate 424.
The length determining unit 410 has a drive in the form of a motor 430 for moving the measuring carriage 416 along the guide 414. According to this embodiment, the motor 430 drives a first deflection wheel 434 and thereby a toothed belt 436 via a drive belt 432. The toothed belt 436 extends from a first deflection wheel 434 along the guide 414 to a second deflection wheel 438. In other words, the toothed belt 436 extends between the deflection wheels 434, 438. The measuring carriage 416 is arranged on the guide 414 movably in the direction of translation between the deflection wheels 434, 438 and not on the toothed belt 436.
Thus, by operating the electric motor 430, the first deflection wheel 434 can be put into rotation by the drive belt 432, thereby putting the toothed belt 436 into revolution. In this case, the measuring carriage 416 is forced to move along the guide 414 because of its immovably arranged on the toothed belt 436. Clockwise rotation (in the current view) of motor 430 causes the spacing between flapper 424 and measurement stop 428 to decrease, while counterclockwise rotation of motor 430 causes the spacing to increase.
Fig. 15 shows a detailed view of the measuring carriage 416 and the second deflection wheel 438 of the first embodiment. The length determination unit 410 has a travel sensor in the form of a rotational angle sensor 440 on the second deflection wheel 438. The rotation angle sensor 440 detects the change in angle of the second deflection wheel 438 as a function of the direction of rotation, so that a measuring sensor (not shown) determines the distance traveled by the measuring carriage 416 given the diameter of the second deflection wheel 438.
In the region of the second deflecting wheel 438, the length determining unit 410 has a reference stop 442. Here, the reference stop 442 is used to calibrate the rotation angle sensor 440. To calibrate the rotation angle sensor 440, the measuring carriage 416 is moved onto a reference stop 442. Furthermore, the distance of the measuring stop 428 (see fig. 14) is determined relative to the measuring carriage 416 abutting against the reference stop 442 or relative to the stop 424 of the measuring carriage. The distance of the measuring carriage 416 from the measuring stop 428 can thus be determined as a function of the rotation angle sensor 440.
Damping element 422 has a baffle plate 424, a linear guide 444 in the form of a rod guide, a spring element 446, a guide stop 448 and a spacer 450.
The rods of linear guide 444 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart at one end by baffle 424 and at the other end by spacing holder 450. For receiving the rod of the linear guide 444, the measuring slide 416 has notches 452 (for the sake of clarity, only one notch 452 is provided with a reference numeral) in the wall of a hollow profile 454 arranged orthogonally on the measuring slide 416 with respect to the direction of extension of the guide 414. The hollow profile 454 may be constructed in the form of a welded sheet with an edge. The hollow profile 454 is constructed in the form of a C-profile. In other words, the linear guide 444 with the stop plate 424 arranged thereon is arranged on the measuring carriage 416 so as to be movable in the direction of extension of the guide 414.
The spring element 446 and the guide stop 448 are arranged on the same rod of the linear guide 444 within the hollow profile 454. The spring element 446 is supported at one end on the wall of the hollow profile 454 and at the other end on the guide stop 448. A guide stop 448 is releasably threadably disposed on the shaft of the linear guide 444. By loosening the screw connection, the guide stop 448 can be moved along the rod of the linear guide 444 within the hollow profile 454 and the pretension of the spring element 446 can be varied.
The flap 424 has a measuring rod 456 arranged parallel to the linear guide 444. The measuring rod 456 moves under load against the stop plate 424 in a direction that reduces the distance between the measuring stop 428 and the stop plate 424. In other words, the loading of the flap 424 counter to the spring force of the spring element 446 causes the flap 424 to move in the direction of the measuring carriage 416. The measuring rod 456 is moved in the load direction into the interior of the hollow profile 454, thereby triggering position sensing means in the form of a first position sensor 458 and a second position sensor 460.
Fig. 16a-c illustrate the operation of a position sensor device connected to a control unit (not shown) for moving the measuring carriage 416 into a measuring position provided for determining the length of a workpiece.
Fig. 16a shows the measurement slide 416 arranged on a toothed belt 436 in a forward motion 462 towards the workpiece 426 to be measured. The stop 424 is in a position of maximum extension from the measurement slide 416. The spring element 446 is in a pre-tensioned position. The position sensors 458, 460 are not manipulated by the measurement bar 456.
Fig. 16b shows the damping element 422 of the measuring carriage 416 visually after the impact of the stop plate 424 on the workpiece 426. The spring element 446 is compressed by the impact and thus reduces the impact on the workpiece 426 and the measuring carriage 416. Thereby, damage to the measurement carriage 416 and the workpiece 426 can be effectively prevented.
Due to the impact, the baffle 424 is in contact with the workpiece 426. The measuring carriage 416 continues in the forward movement 462 and moves the workpiece 426 in the direction of movement toward the measuring stop 428 (see fig. 14). The impact, the mass of the workpiece 426 and the friction generated in opposition to the forward movement cause the flap 424 to move back in opposition to the forward movement 462 until a state of equilibrium occurs with the spring force acting in opposition to the spring element 446.
At this point, the measuring rod 456 penetrates into the hollow profile 454 to such an extent that the first position sensor 458 is triggered. A control unit (not shown) reacts to the continued forward movement 462 by operating the motor 430 (see fig. 14). In this case, it can be provided that the power of the electric motor 430 is increased or decreased depending on the load caused by the workpiece 426 (see fig. 14). Further, the moving speed can be reduced. Thus, it is possible to move the workpiece quickly and at a reduced speed and to carry out the measurement process. The speed reduction can be achieved in particular by means of a frequency converter or by means of pole switching in the motor.
Fig. 16c shows the measurement carriage 416 with the linear guide 444 approximately fully retracted. The workpiece 426 contacts the measurement stop 428 (see fig. 14) at one end and the stop 424 at the other end. In this arrangement, the measuring stop 428 (fig. 14) has a contact switch, by means of which the position sensor device determines contact with the workpiece 426.
Since the workpiece 426 is not movable in the direction of the forward movement 462 (see fig. 16b), the flap 424 moves opposite the forward movement 462 (see fig. 16 b). The measuring rod 456 is moved in the direction of the second position sensor 460 and triggers the latter. The control unit stops the forward movement 462 (see fig. 16b) by operating the motor 430 (see fig. 14).
Next, the measuring carriage 416 is moved back into the position in fig. 16b, in which the workpiece 426 rests against the stop 424. The position occupied by the measuring carriage 416 on the guide 414 (see fig. 14) is at the same time the measuring position. On the one hand, the rearward movement of the measuring slide 416 enables the stop 424 to assume a defined position relative to the measuring slide 416. On the other hand, the unloading of the spring element 446 and thus of the workpiece 426 prevents measurement inaccuracies due to workpiece deformation.
After reaching the measuring position, the change in the rotational angle recorded by the rotational angle sensor 440 (see fig. 15) is converted into the travel traveled by the measuring slide 416 and the difference between the measuring slide 416 and the stop 424 is corrected in a computing unit (not shown). Next, the workpiece length is determined by comparison with a defined spacing between the measurement stop 428 and the stop 424.
In order to determine the workpiece length when the workpiece 426 has a self weight outside the design range of the spring element 446, a control unit (not shown) can be provided for inputting and/or further processing an at least approximate workpiece weight. This enables the measuring carriage 416 to be positioned in a measuring position on the workpiece 426 when the first and/or second position sensor 458, 460 is not or prematurely triggered by the measuring rod 456, depending on the weight.
For example, a heavy workpiece 426 may cause the triggering of the second position sensor 460, although the end of the workpiece 426 facing away from the stop 424 has not yet reached the measurement stop 428. For example, a light workpiece 426 may cause the first sensor 458 to be triggered when the workpiece 426 reaches the measurement stop 428. In this case, the control unit (not shown) can change the movement of the measuring carriage 416 into the measuring position, taking into account the associated position sensors 458, 460.
For example, in the case of a heavy workpiece 426, it can be provided that, when the stop plate 424 bears against the measuring carriage 416, the workpiece is moved toward the measuring stop 428 (the spring element 446 is fully compressed). In this case, the control unit (not shown) continues the forward movement 462 even if the second position sensor 460 is triggered by the measuring rod 456. Here, the forward movement 462 can be stopped by triggering a contact switch on the measuring stop 424 (see fig. 16 b). In the case of a light workpiece 426, it can be provided that the forward movement 462 is stopped by triggering the first position sensor 458.
Thus, given the weight of the workpiece 426 in a control unit (not shown), the position sensing device can be used to automatically measure workpieces 426 having large weight differences.
Furthermore, a control unit (not shown) can be provided for inputting and/or further processing at least approximate dimensions of the workpiece 426 to be measured. This makes it possible to move the measuring carriage 416 particularly quickly toward the workpiece 426 to be measured or to provide a safety for the positioning sensor device.
Fig. 17 shows a measuring arrangement 464 with a length determining unit 410, a feed station 468 arranged on a machine bed 466, and a machine tool 420. The length determining unit 410 is arranged on the machine bed 466 and has a workpiece transport module 470 for transporting workpieces 426 (see fig. 16a-c) from the length measuring unit 410 to the feed station 468.
The guide 414 of the length measuring unit 410 extends parallel to the feed direction 472 of the feed station 468. The workpiece transport module 470 has four grippers 474 along the guide 414. These grippers 474 are arranged at right angles to the course of the guide 414 and are configured for conveying the workpiece 426 (see fig. 16a-c) from the length measuring unit 410 to the feed station 468 after it has been measured. In other words, the workpiece 426 (see fig. 16a-c) is received by the clamp 474, conveyed transversely to the feed direction 472, and clamped by the feed station 468 in the feed direction 472.
The clamps 474 are synchronously movable by a rod drive (not shown). The clamp 474 can be coupled into the rod drive by means of a coupling device (not shown). Depending on the workpiece length determined by the computing unit (not shown), a gripper 474, which can grip the workpiece 426 (see fig. 16a-c) only due to its position on the guide 414, is coupled into the rod drive (not shown).
This enables the clamp 474 to be used energy-efficiently and also prevents possible collisions with the measurement slide 416 and/or the feed station 468.
In view of all the above figures, the invention relates to a length determining unit 410 for determining the dimensions of a workpiece 426 in preparation for machining the workpiece 426 by a machine tool 420, having a carrier element 412 and a measuring slide 416 guided on the carrier element 412 along a guide 414, wherein the measuring slide 416 has a damping element 422 which damps an impact of a stop plate 424 of the measuring slide 416 on the workpiece 426 to be measured, and wherein the measuring slide 416 then occupies a measuring position at a defined distance from the stop plate 424.
Fig. 18 shows a clamping device 510, more precisely a rotatable part 512 of the clamping device 510. The rotatable part 512 comprises a chuck 514. The chuck 514 includes a first clamp 516, a second clamp 518, a third clamp 520, and a fourth clamp 522. The first clamp 516 is preferably opposed to the second clamp 518. The third jaw 520 is preferably opposed to the fourth jaw 522. The clamps 516, 518, 520, 522 each have a roller 524a-d at their free ends. The chuck 514 is thus designed as a push-in chuck, wherein the pipe or profile is held immovably in the radial direction but movably in the axial direction.
The first clamp 516 is coupled to the second clamp 518 by a mechanical first coupling means. The third clamp 520 is coupled to the fourth clamp 522 by a second mechanical coupling. Thus, the clamps 516, 518, 520, 522 are forcibly coupled in pairs, respectively, to enable a centered clamping of the chuck 514. The mechanical coupling of the clamps 516, 518, 520, 522 is described in particular in CN 207521898U, the content of which is fully incorporated in the present description.
Fig. 19 shows a top view of the clamping device 510 according to fig. 18, wherein the illustration of the clamping jaws 516, 518, 520, 522 is omitted. As can be seen in fig. 19, the first clamp 516 can be moved by means of a first cylinder 526a, here in the form of a pneumatic cylinder. A second cylinder 526b, also in the form of a pneumatic cylinder, is used to move the second clamp 518, a third cylinder 526c, also in the form of a pneumatic cylinder, is used to move the third clamp 520, and a fourth cylinder 526d, also configured as a pneumatic cylinder, is used to move the fourth clamp 522. The second cylinder 526b and the fourth cylinder 526d are arranged axisymmetrically to the first cylinder 526a and the third cylinder 526c, respectively, with respect to a longitudinal axis 528 of the clamping device 510. The longitudinal axis 528 is located at the center of the gripping device 510.
Fig. 20 shows a pneumatic circuit diagram of the clamping device 510 with the first to fourth pneumatic cylinders 526 a-d. Each of the four pneumatic cylinders 526a-d has first, second and third connections for first, second and third pneumatic lines A, B, C. The four pneumatic cylinders 526a-d are identical in construction. The structure of the first pneumatic cylinder 526a configured as a double-acting cylinder is exemplarily described below.
The first pneumatic cylinder 526a has a first 532 and a second 534 chamber which can be loaded independently of one another with a first pressure p 1 And a second pressure p 2 . First pressure p in first chamber 532 1 Acting on the piston face of the piston rod of the first cylinder 526 a. The second pressure p2 in the second chamber 532 acts on the piston ring surface of the piston rod and is generated by the pressure p in the first chamber 530 1 The forces generated are in opposite directions.
The first pneumatic line a is used to supply compressed air to or lead out of the first chamber 532. The second pneumatic line B is used to supply compressed air to or lead out of the second chamber 534. The valve assembly 536 is integrated into the first pneumatic cylinder 526 a. The valve assembly 536 has a first direction valve 538 with two switching states. In the first switching state, the first pneumatic line a is blocked, and in the second switching state, the first pneumatic line a is released to allow the compressed air to flow therethrough. The valve assembly 536 has a second reversing valve 540 with two switching states. In the first switching state, the second pneumatic line B is blocked and in the second switching state, the second pneumatic line B is released to let the compressed air flow through.
The two switching states of the valve assembly 536, more precisely the first 538 and second 540 directional valves, can be synchronously controlled via the third pneumatic line C. At constant control pressure p without loading 3 (e.g., about 9-10bar), the two directional valves 538, 540 occupy a blocked switching state such that the first pressure p in the first chamber 532 is maintained 1 And a second pressure p in the second chamber 534 2 Unchanged in order to maintain the clamping force for clamping the pipe or profile.
For clamping the pipe or profile, the two directional control valves 538, 540 are acted upon by the pressure p in the third pneumatic line C 3 Is switched into the open switching state. First pressure p in first pneumatic line a 1 Can be adjusted by means of an electrically actuable pressure control valve 544, for example, in a pressure range of 2 to 10bar. If it is ensured that when the piston rod of the first pneumatic cylinder 526a is loaded with a first pressure p greater than about 2bar 1 If the pipe or profile is not damaged during the clamping, the application of a counterforce to the piston rod can be dispensed with, i.e. the second pneumatic line B is switched to pressureless by means of a non-illustrated switching valve. When clamping a pipe or profile, the movement of the piston rod of the first pneumatic cylinder 526a is damped by means of a throttle check valve 542 arranged in the second pneumatic line B between the second chamber 534 and the second directional valve 540.
When clamping a pipe or profile with the clamping device 510 (which pipe or profile is under an adjustable minimum first pressure p of about 2bar) 1 Lower damage), the second chamber 534 is loaded with a constant second pressure p, for example 5bar, by the second pneumatic line B 2 . Here, the first chamber 532 is loaded with a pressure greater than the second pressure p 2 First pressure p of 1 . First pressure p 1 By means of an electrically controllable pressure regulating valve 544, it is adjusted depending on the workpiece parameters of the pipe or profile to be clamped. First pressure p in first chamber 532 1 And a second pressure p in the second chamber 534 2 The difference between (taking into account the piston face geometry of the piston rod) determines the clamping force applied by the chuck 514 to the pipe or profile.
To open the chuck 514, the further reversing valve 546 in the first pneumatic line a is placed in a switching state in which compressed air can escape from the first chamber 532. Compressed air flows into the second chamber 534 via the throttling check valve 542 and the piston rod moves into the retracted position shown in fig. 3.
The three-way rotary connection 547 is used to connect the sections of the first, second and third pneumatic lines A, B, C in the non-rotatable portion 530 of the clamping device 510 with the sections of the first, second and third pneumatic lines A, B, C in the rotatable portion 512 of the clamping device 510. An electronically controllable pressure regulating valve 544 and a further reversing valve in the first pneumatic line a are arranged in the non-rotatable part 530 of the clamping device 510. For clarity, the valve members in the second and third pneumatic lines B, C are omitted from the non-rotatable portion 530.
Fig. 21 shows a machine tool 548 for machining a pipe 550 or a profile, which is shown in chain line. The tubular 550 is held by the gripping device 510 and another gripping device 552. The further clamping device 552 is of identical construction to the clamping device 510, but without the rollers 524a-d, so that the tube 550 is held axially immovably by the further clamping device 552. The further clamping device 552 is arranged at an axially movable feed station 554. For machining the pipe 550, the machine tool 548 has a tool 556, here in the form of a laser machining tool.
The further clamping device 552 need not necessarily be configured like the clamping device 510. For example, the third pneumatic line C or the independent application of different pressures p to the two chambers 532, 534 of the pneumatic cylinders 526a-d can be omitted in the further clamping device 552 1 、p 2 。
The gripping device 510 or machine tool 558 has been described in terms of cylinders 526a-d in the form of pneumatic cylinders. However, both the clamping device 510 and the machine tool 558 can also be operated via corresponding hydraulic lines with cylinders in the form of hydraulic cylinders.
Fig. 22 shows a clamping device 610, more precisely a rotatable part 612 of the clamping device 610. The rotatable portion 610 includes a chuck 614. To this end, the chuck 614 has a first clamp 616, a second clamp 618, a third clamp 620, and a fourth clamp 622. The first clamp 616 is preferably opposed to the second clamp 618. The third clamp 620 is preferably opposite the fourth clamp 622. The grippers 616, 618, 620, 622 each have a roller 624a-d at their free ends. The clamping chuck 614 is thus designed as a push-in clamping chuck, wherein the pipe or profile is held in a radially immovable manner, but in an axially movable manner.
The first clamp 616 is coupled to the second clamp 618 by a mechanical first coupling means. The third clamp 620 is coupled to the fourth clamp 622 by a second mechanical coupling. Accordingly, the clamps 616, 618, 620, 622 are forcibly coupled in pairs, respectively, so as to enable a centered clamping of the chuck 614. The mechanical coupling of the clamps 616, 618, 620, 622 is described in particular in CN 207521898U, the content of which is incorporated in its entirety in the present description.
Fig. 23 shows a side view of the clamping device 610 according to fig. 22. As can be seen in fig. 23, the first clamp 616 can be moved by means of a first cylinder 626, here in the form of a pneumatic cylinder. A third cylinder 628 is used to move the third clamp 620. The second cylinder for moving the second clamp 618 (see fig. 22) and the fourth cylinder for moving the fourth clamp 622 are hidden in fig. 23. The second and fourth cylinders are arranged axisymmetrically with the first cylinder 626 or the third cylinder 628, respectively, with respect to a longitudinal axis 630 of the clamping device 610.
In order to determine the movement of the first clamp 616 and the second clamp 618 coupled to the first clamp 616 (see fig. 22), a first measuring device 632 is arranged on the first cylinder 626. The first measuring device 632 has a magnet ring 634 shown in dashed lines on the piston of the first cylinder 626. Furthermore, the first measuring device 632 has a sensor 636 which is arranged on the housing of the first cylinder 626. The sensor 636 measures the position of the piston of the first cylinder 626. From this information, the position of the first clamp 616 and the second clamp 618 can be derived.
In order to determine the movement of the third gripper jaw 620 and the fourth gripper jaw 622, which is coupled to the third gripper jaw 620, a second measuring device 638 is provided on the third cylinder 628. The second measuring device 638 has a magnet ring 640, which is indicated by a dashed line, on the piston of the third cylinder 628. Furthermore, the second measuring device 638 has a sensor 642, which is arranged on the housing of the third cylinder 628. Sensor 642 measures the position of the piston of third cylinder 628. From this information, the position of the third clamp 620 and the fourth clamp 622 can be derived.
The measurement devices 632 and 638 are powered by the inductive power and data transfer device 644. In this case, axially opposite the rotatable part 612, the inductive energy and data transmission device 644 has a reading device 648 with a read head 650a, b on the non-rotatable part 646. Instead of a plurality of readheads 650a, b, only one readhead 650a, b may be provided. Both the supply of voltage to the measuring devices 632, 638 and the reading of the data measured by the measuring devices 632, 638 are effected by the reading device 648. These data are transmitted to the control device 652 wirelessly or by wire. Thus, the control 652 is able to determine the position of the clamps 616, 618, 620, 622. Thus, the control 652 is able to determine whether the chuck 614 is reliably clamped.
Fig. 24 shows a part of a rotatable part 612 of the clamping device 610 with a circular ring 654. The ring 654 may have a slab-shaped base. Circular conductor loops 656a, b are arranged on the circular ring 654. Instead of a plurality of conductor loops 656a, b, only one conductor loop 656a, b may be provided. The conductor loops 656a, b are inductively coupled with the read heads 650a, b (see FIG. 23) and are connected with the measurement devices 632, 638, either indirectly or directly, to transfer energy and data between the measurement devices 632, 638 and the control device 652 (see FIG. 23).
Fig. 25 shows a machine tool 658 for machining a pipe 660 or a profile shown in chain line. The pipe 660 is held by the gripping device 610 and another gripping device 662. The further gripper 662 is structurally identical to the gripper 610, but without the rollers 624a-d, so that the pipe 660 is held in an axially immovable manner by the further gripper 662. The further clamping device 662 is arranged at an axially movable feed station 664. For machining the pipe 660, the machine tool 658 has a tool 666, here in the form of a laser machining tool.
Throughout all of the above figures, the present invention is generally directed to a clamping device 610 that includes a rotatable portion 612 and a non-rotatable portion 646. The chuck 614 is arranged on the rotatable part 612, the position of which can be determined by means of the measuring devices 632, 638. The measuring devices 632, 638 can be supplied inductively with operating voltage by means of the energy and data transmission device 644. The data determined by the measuring devices 632, 638 can be transmitted inductively to the non-rotatable part 646 of the clamping device 610 by means of the energy and data transmission device 644. A part of the power and data transmission means 644 in the form of conductor loops 656a, b may be arranged on the rotatable part 612 of the clamping means 610 and another part in the form of read heads 650a, b on the non-rotatable part 646 of the clamping means 610. The measuring devices 632, 638 are preferably arranged on cylinders 626, 628 which operate the clamps 616, 618, 620, 622 of the chuck 614.
Fig. 26 shows a section of a first embodiment of a machine tool 710 in the form of a laser cutting machine having a machine tool bed 712 and a carriage 714 which is arranged in a cantilevered manner or in a suspended manner at the machine tool bed 712. The upper side of the bracket 714 has a vertically extending bracket rim 716 in the form of a frame. In other words, the bracket 714 forms a receiving recess on the upper side. On the upper side of the bracket 714 and within the bracket frame 716 is arranged a switch cabinet 718. The switchgear cabinet 718 is circumferentially surrounded in its lower end section by a carrier frame 716. The load of the switch cabinet 718 is completely transferred through the carriage 714 and the machine bed 712. In other words, there is no direct contact between the bracket 714 and the mounting plane 720 of the machine bed 712.
The switch cabinet 718 is typically secured to the bracket 714 during operation of the machine tool 710. In the illustration of fig. 26, the switch cabinet 718 is screwed to the bracket 714. The switch cabinet 718 can be arranged on the carrier 714 even when the machine tool 710 is transported. The switch cabinet 718 is typically secured at the bracket 714 even when in transit. For transport, the machine tool 710 can have a transport package, not shown, for example a transport container.
The machine tool 710 has a processing chamber 722 with a tool 724 (shown schematically) located therein, which is currently configured as a laser processing head. Furthermore, the machine tool 710 has a feed station 716, which is concealed by a switch cabinet 718 in the illustration of fig. 26, with a feed rail 730 configured along the X axis 718. The processing chamber 722 is arranged on the machine bed 712 and has a workpiece opening 732 in the direction of the feed station 726 or along the X axis 728 for introducing a workpiece through the feed station 726 into the processing chamber 722 along the X axis 728.
The switch cabinet 718 is arranged laterally or parallel to the feed rail 730 on the side of the machine bed 712 on which the feed station 726 is also located. This enables a short line length between the switch cabinet 718 and the feeding station 726 and shields the ambient environment of the machine tool 710 from the light of the laser cutting head escaping from the workpiece opening 732. In other words, at least inadvertent direct eye contact to the laser cutting head is made difficult by the arrangement of the switch cabinet 718.
Fig. 27 shows a section of a second embodiment of a machine tool 710 with a machine tool shield 734. Machine tool shield 734 includes a plurality of adjustment walls 736a-d and a side wall 738 and a back side 740 of switch cabinet 718. The adjusting walls 736a-d of the machine tool screening device 734 are fixed at the machine tool 710, in particular at the machine tool bed 712; here, the load is transferred directly into the mounting plane 720 by the adjusting wall foot. The machine tool shielding 734 prevents unintentional access to or touching of particularly safety-critical movable machine parts and effectively shields the machine tool environment from the beam escaping from the machining chamber 722. In this case, the switch cabinet 718, in particular the front side 742, can be approached in particular in a beam-shielded manner.
Fig. 28 shows machine tool shielding 734 in a top view of machine tool 710 of fig. 27. For purposes of illustration, the position of a tool 724 in the form of a laser cutting head within the processing chamber 722 is schematically shown. Light emitted from the laser cutting head is confined by a workpiece opening 732 in the process chamber 722 as a beam cone 744. The adjustment wall 736d of the machine tool shielding 734 has an extension transverse to the X-axis 728, which interrupts the light path of the beam cone 744. The extension of the adjusting wall 736d depends on the length of a possible feed path or feed rail 730 of the feed station 726 arranged between the processing chamber 722 and the switch cabinet 718. In other words, the shorter the possible feed path of the feeding station 728 is configured, the more the extension of the adjustment wall 736d is reduced, and vice versa, with the same workpiece opening 732.
The machine tool 710 has an approach detection device 746 in the form of a grating obstacle constructed between two grating columns. When a person and/or an object penetrates the light barrier, the proximity detection device 746 is triggered and the machine tool can be shut down, for example.
Throughout all the above figures, the invention relates to a machine tool 710, in particular having a laser cutting head for laser machining workpieces and a switch cabinet 718, wherein the switch cabinet 718 is arranged in a suspended manner on a machine tool bed 712. The switch cabinet 718 preferably forms an eye protection for the laser cutting head, wherein the switch cabinet 718 is particularly preferably connected to at least one adjusting wall 736a-d, in particular a plurality of adjusting walls 736a-d, in order to increase the eye protection for the laser cutting head.
Fig. 29 shows a machine tool 810. The machine tool 810 is used for machining a pipe piece, which is not shown in detail. The tube can have in principle any cross section. For example, the tube may be circular, oval or polygonal in cross-section, in particular rectangular or square. In principle, the tube has a longitudinally continuous bore and a tube wall surrounding the bore. For machining the pipe, the machine tool 810 has a tool 812, here a laser machining head (shown in a highly abstract manner). The tool 812 may be disposed on a machine bed 814 of the machine 810.
To move the tubular relative to the tool 812, a feed station 816 is provided. The feed station 816 has a chuck 818 for gripping the tube, see also fig. 30. In the clamped state, the tubular extends along the longitudinal axis 820 from the feed station 816 to the tool 812 or past the tool 812. The feed station 816 is movable along a longitudinal axis 820 relative to the machine bed 814 and the tool 812. The chuck 818 may rotate (along with the clamped tubular) about the longitudinal axis 820. The chuck 818 may have a plurality, here four, of clamping segments 822. The clamping segments 822 are each guided so as to be movable in a radial direction relative to the longitudinal axis 820. The tubular can be clamped between the clamping sections 822 by the clamping sections 822 approaching each other or by the clamping sections 822 approaching the longitudinal axis 820.
In order to remove pipe machining waste, for example cut-off sections of the pipe wall, machining residues, chips, dust, cutting residues and/or process gases or gases generated during machining, from the machining zone at the tool 812, the machine tool 810 has a suction device 824. The waste material can be sucked away from the tube through the chuck 818 by means of the suction device 824. In order to be able to apply the negative pressure required to suck the waste material away from the pipe to the clamped pipe end, the clamping section 822 is designed to bear tightly against the pipe. For this purpose, the clamping section 822 can have an abutment element 826 for abutment on the outside against the pipe wall of the pipe piece.
The suction device 824 may have a vacuum generating device, not shown in detail, which supplies the vacuum required for suctioning off the waste material. The negative pressure generating device may be connected to the feeding station 816 by means of a suction hose 828, see also fig. 31 and 32. The suction hose 828 is preferably guided in a cable guide 830 together with supply lines, not shown in detail, such as electrical and/or pneumatic hoses. The cable guide 830 may ensure that the suction hose and supply lines are not jammed or otherwise damaged when the feed station 816 is moved on the machine bed 814. In this regard, the cable guide 830 ensures delivery of the suction hose 828 and the supply lines.
The suction device 824 has a separating apparatus 832, see fig. 33 and 34. Separation device 832 is used to separate coarse and fine waste from each other. Separation apparatus 832 may be configured with removable inserts 834, see fig. 32.
During operation of the suction device 824, waste material is sucked from the chuck 818 through the connecting tube 836 into the container 838 of the suction device 824. The separation device 832 is arranged in the container 838 and can be detachably fixed to the container wall 840. In the illustrated embodiment of the machine tool 810, the container 838 and the separating apparatus 832 (as viewed from the tool 812) are disposed on the feed station 816 behind the chuck 818.
Separation device 832 has a baffle 842. The flap 842 is arranged in the extension of the connecting tube 836 so that particularly large waste material flies towards the flap 842 due to its inertia and bounces back downwards from it. To this end, the stop 842 may be oriented at an angle of about 45 ° (plus/minus 20 °) from horizontal.
Furthermore, the separating device 832 has a sieve element 844. The screen element 844 may be an aperture plate. The perforated plate is bent several times. A section of the perforated plate rests against the stop 842 and can be fastened, for example screwed, to it. The screen elements 844 have holes through which only fine waste material can pass. Coarser waste material is retained by the screen elements 844.
In the illustrated embodiment of the machine 810, the flapper 842 and screen element 844 are secured to a removable insert 834. This enables the separating apparatus 824 to be adapted in a simple manner by exchanging the insert 834 for separation of other sizes of waste material.
The baffle 842 and the screen element 844 together with the cover element 845, which here is U-shaped, enclose a space 846 into which only fine waste material can enter. In one aspect, transverse to the longitudinal axis 820, the space 846 is bounded by the retaining plate 847 of the insert 834 and the container wall 840, see fig. 32 and 33. Transversely to longitudinal axis 820, space 846 is bounded, on the other hand, by a further vessel wall 848, see fig. 34. At the vessel wall 848, a suction hose 828 leads into the vessel 838. Here, the suction hose 828 is connected to the space 848 that is accessible only by fine waste. In other words, the suction hose 828 is arranged such that fine waste material can be sucked away from the separating device 832 via the suction hose 828. For this purpose, fine waste material is drawn around the baffle 842 and through the screen element 844.
Coarse waste material which cannot pass through the screen element 844 falls down from the separating device 832 into a collecting space 850 in a container 838 constructed on the feeding station 816. The collection space 850 is closed by a shutter 852 that can be opened. In the closed state (shown in fig. 32 to 34), the shutter 852 prevents the waste material from falling out of the collection space 850. To empty the collection space 850, the shutter 852 may be opened. To open the shutter 852, an actuator 854 may be provided. The actuator 854 can be, for example, a pneumatic cylinder. It may be provided that the actuator 854 is provided for automatically opening the shutter 852 when the collecting space 850 is located above a capture space (not shown in detail) arranged stationary on the machine bed 814.
List of reference numerals
110 loading a device;
112 pipe fittings;
114a-d a pull-cord holder;
116 pulling a line;
118 handover area;
120 a support region;
122, a concave part;
124 weight blocks;
126 a winding device;
a 128-wheel;
130a, b side guide plates;
132 support the rollers;
134 a driver;
136 shaft;
138 machine tool;
140 a machine tool portion;
142 a conveying device;
144 a conveyor chain;
146 a support frame;
148 a horizontal support;
150 a drive section;
152 a locking device;
154a, b plates;
156a, b screws;
158 teeth;
210 a machine tool;
212 a transport device;
214 a tubular member;
216 a first conveying device;
218 a second conveyance device;
220 chains;
222a, b links;
223a, b rollers;
224 a first conveying device;
226 a second conveyor;
228 receive the region;
230 continue the guiding area;
232 a first gear;
234 a second gear;
236 a support rail;
238 a first support rail portion;
240 a second support rail portion;
242 a tensioning device;
244a, b are threaded;
246 a first support;
248 bearings;
250 a second bracket;
252 a first axial section;
254 a second axial section;
310, a machine tool;
312 a transport device;
314 a first conveying device;
316a, b tubing;
318 a first traction mechanism;
320 a second traction mechanism;
322 a first shaft;
324 a second axis;
326 loading the device;
328 a first sensor arrangement;
330 a controller;
332 stop the rail;
334 driver;
336 second sensor means;
338 parallelogram guide means;
340 stopping the roller;
342 sensor rails;
344 a substrate;
346a, b guide rod;
348a, b vertical elongate holes;
350 a switch;
352 a metal detector;
354 recess portion;
356a, b horizontal elongate apertures;
h channel height;
a 410 length calculating unit;
412 a carrier element;
414 a guide device;
416 measuring the slide;
418 flange;
420, a machine tool;
422 a damping element;
424 baffles;
426 a workpiece;
428 measure the stop;
430 a motor;
432 a drive belt;
434 a first deflection wheel;
436 toothed belts;
438 a second deflection wheel;
440 a rotation angle sensor;
442 with reference to the stop;
444 linear guide means;
446 a spring element;
448 guide the stop;
a 450 space holder;
452 notches;
454 a hollow section bar;
456 a measuring rod;
458 a first position sensor;
460 a second position sensor;
462, move forward;
464 measuring the component;
466 machine bed;
468 a feeding station;
470 a workpiece transport module;
472 a feed direction;
474 a clamp;
510 a clamping device;
512 a rotatable part of the clamping device;
514 a chuck;
516 a first clamp;
518 second clamp;
520 a third clamp;
522 a fourth jaw;
524a-d rollers;
526a-d first through fourth cylinders;
528 clamping the longitudinal axis of the device;
530 non-rotatable part of the clamping device;
532 a first chamber;
534 a second chamber;
536 a valve assembly;
538 a first direction valve;
540 a second directional valve;
542 a throttle check valve;
544 controllable pressure regulating valve;
546 another direction valve;
547 three-way rotary connector;
548 machine tool;
550 pipe fittings;
552 another clamping device;
554 a feeding station;
556 tool;
a, a first pneumatic pipeline;
b, a second pneumatic pipeline;
c, a third pneumatic pipeline;
p1 first pressure;
p2 second pressure;
p2 third pressure;
610 a clamping device;
612 a rotatable portion of the clamping device;
614 a chuck;
616 a first clamp;
618 a second clamp;
620 a third clamp;
622, a fourth clamp;
624a-d rollers;
626 first cylinder;
628 third cylinder;
630 the longitudinal axis of the clamping device;
632 a first measuring device;
634 magnetic ring;
636 a sensor;
638 a second measuring device;
640 magnetic rings;
642 sensor;
644 inductive power and data transfer device;
646 non-rotatable parts of the clamping device;
648 a reading device;
650a, b read head;
652 a control device;
654 a circular ring;
656a, b conductor loops;
658 machine tool;
660 tubing;
662 another clamping device;
664 feeding station;
666 a tool;
710 a machine tool;
712 machine bed;
714 a bracket;
716 a bracket frame;
718 a switch cabinet;
720 a mounting plane;
722 a process chamber;
724 a tool;
726 a feeding station;
728X axis;
730 a feed rail;
732 opening the workpiece;
734 machine tool shielding means;
736a-d regulating walls;
738 sidewalls of switchgear cabinet 718;
740 back side of switchgear 718;
742 the front side of the switch cabinet 718;
744 beam cone;
746 proximity recognition means;
810 a machine tool;
812 tools;
814, a machine tool body;
816 a feeding station;
818 a chuck;
820 longitudinal axis;
822 clamping the section;
824 a suction device;
826 an abutment element;
828 a suction hose;
830 cable guide means;
832 separate devices;
834 an insert;
836 connecting tube;
838 container;
a container wall 840;
842 a baffle plate;
844 screen elements;
845 a cover member;
846 space;
847 fixing the plate;
848 a container wall;
850 collecting the space;
852 a shutter;
854 an actuator.

Claims (1)

1. A machine tool, comprising:
-a loading device (110) for supplying a tube or profile to a machine part (140), wherein the loading device (110) has a first wire holder (114a-d) with the following features:
a) a handover area (118) in which the pipe or profile can be handed over to the machine part (140);
b) a pull line (116) for forming a recess (122) into which the pipe or profile can be inserted, wherein the pull line (116) opens into the transfer region (118) at one end and is arranged on a support region (120) at the other end, wherein the support region (120) is higher than the transfer region (118);
c) -a winding device (126) for tightening the pull line (116) such that the tube or profile is transported to the handover area (118);
d) a weight (124) immovably arranged on the pulling wire (116) for forming the recess (122) in the unloaded state of the pulling wire (116);
and
a transport device for transporting pipes or profiles in a machine tool, wherein the transport device has a transport device with the following features:
a) a chain (220) for transporting the pipe or profile;
b) a receiving area (228) in which the pipe or profile can be placed onto the chain (220);
c) a further guide region (230) in which the pipe or profile coming from the receiving region (228) can be further guided in a manner lying on the chain (220);
d) a first gearwheel (232) of one-piece or multi-piece construction, on which the chain (220) is guided in the receiving region (228);
e) a one-or multi-part configured support rail (236) on which the chain (220) is guided in the continued guide region (230);
wherein a first axial section (252) of the first gearwheel (232) has a smaller circumference than a second axial section (254) of the first gearwheel (232), and wherein the support rail (236) projects into the first axial section (252) such that there is also support for the pipe or profile when transitioning from the receiving region (228) to the continued guide region (230);
or
A transport device for transporting pipes or profiles within a machine tool, wherein the transport device comprises a transport device with the following features:
a) a drivable first traction mechanism (318) for transporting the pipe or profile;
b) a first sensor device (328) for detecting a pipe or profile on the first pulling mechanism (318);
and
-a length finding unit (410) for a workpiece (426) to be measured, for arrangement on a machine tool, having a carrier element (412), a guide (414), a measuring slide (416) which is guided on the guide (414) and has an arranged or configured stop plate (424), and a measuring stop (428), wherein the length finding unit (410) has a damping element (422) for reducing the impact of the measuring slide (416) on the workpiece (426);
and
-a clamping device for clamping a pipe or profile being processed on a machine tool, the clamping device having a non-rotatable part and a rotatable part for clamping the pipe or profile, wherein the rotatable part has:
a) a chuck having a first clamp and a second clamp for clamping the pipe or profile;
b) a first cylinder in the form of a pneumatic cylinder for tensioning the first clamp;
wherein the first cylinder has a first chamber (532) and a second chamber (534) which can be loaded with a first pressure (p) via a first and a second pneumatic line (A, B) independently of one another 1 ) And a second pressure (p) 2 )；
Or
-clamping means for clamping a tube or profile to be machined on a machine tool,
the gripping device has a non-rotatable part and a rotatable part for gripping the pipe or profile, wherein the rotatable part has:
a) a chuck having a first clamp and a second clamp for clamping the pipe or profile;
b) a first cylinder for tensioning the first clamp;
c) a first measuring device (632) for indirectly or directly determining the position of the first clamp;
wherein an inductive energy and data transmission device (644) is provided at the transition between the non-rotatable part and the rotatable part in order to supply a voltage from the non-rotatable part to the first measuring device (632) and to transmit the data measured by the first measuring device (632) to the non-rotatable part;
and
-a machine bed (712), a switch cabinet (718) and a tool (724), wherein the switch cabinet (718) is arranged on a carriage (714) arranged or configured on the machine bed (712);
and
-a feeding station (816) having a chuck (818) for gripping the tube, and
-suction means (824) for sucking away pipe processing waste from the pipe through the chuck (818).
CN202120515976.8U 2020-03-11 2021-03-11 Machine tool Active CN217142737U (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202020101346.7U DE202020101346U1 (en) 2020-03-11 2020-03-11 Machine tool part and machine tool, in particular with such a machine tool part
DE202020101346.7 2020-03-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN217142737U true CN217142737U (en) 2022-08-09

Family

ID=70468549

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202120515976.8U Active CN217142737U (en) 2020-03-11 2021-03-11 Machine tool

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN217142737U (en)
DE (1) DE202020101346U1 (en)

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN206677411U (en) 2017-04-07 2017-11-28 佛山市宏石激光技术有限公司 A kind of pipe cutting machine Double-linkage chuck
CN207521891U (en) 2017-11-15 2018-06-22 佛山市宏石激光技术有限公司 The bearing jointing structure and chuck mechanism of a kind of chuck mechanism
CN207521729U (en) 2017-11-15 2018-06-22 佛山市宏石激光技术有限公司 A kind of claw zero setting structure and chuck mechanism
CN207521898U (en) 2017-11-15 2018-06-22 佛山市宏石激光技术有限公司 A kind of chuck mechanism and laser cutting clamping device
CN107790904A (en) 2017-11-15 2018-03-13 佛山市宏石激光技术有限公司 A kind of drive device and clamping device of laser pipe cutter claw

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