CN217116065U - Full-differential coupler and broadband quadrature generator - Google Patents
Full-differential coupler and broadband quadrature generator Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a total differential coupler and broadband quadrature generater, total differential coupler includes input port, direct port, coupling port and keeps apart the port, input port and one side of keeping apart the port and being located total differential coupler, direct port and coupling port are located total differential coupler's opposite side. The utility model discloses full differential coupler has optimized the port mode of arranging, and input port and isolation port are located one side, and through port and coupling port are located the opposite side, can realize littleer area and less line loss in the territory realization; the broadband orthogonal generator formed by cascading a plurality of fully differential couplers obviously reduces the layout area and layout difficulty of the broadband orthogonal generator.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of communication, concretely relates to total differential coupler and broadband quadrature generater.
Background
Quadrature generators are widely used in modern radar and communication systems. A quadrature coupler is a commonly used passive quadrature generation circuit. In order to extend the operating bandwidth and reduce the quadrature error, wideband quadrature generators based on coupler cascades are often employed.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic diagram of a quadrature coupler in the prior art is shown, the quadrature coupler mainly includes a set of mutual coupling inductors L and coupling capacitors C m Port to ground parasitic capacitance C g . The ports are input port in, through port thru, coupled port cpl, and isolated port iso, all of which are matched. The parameters are appropriately selected according to the impedance of the ports, so that the two output ports THRU and CPL output quadrature signals of 0 ° and 90 °, respectively.
Referring to fig. 2 and fig. 3, a schematic diagram and a layout diagram of a total differential coupler in the prior art are shown, respectively, including two sets of mutual coupling inductors L and coupling capacitors C m Port to ground parasitic capacitance C g . The ports comprise a first input port IN + and a second input port IN-, a first through port THRU + and a second through port THRU-, a first coupling port CPL + and a second coupling port CPL-, a first isolation port ISO + and a second isolation port ISO-, the first input port IN + and the second input port IN-, the first coupling port CPL + and the second coupling port CPL-are positioned on one side of the all-differential coupler, and the first through port THRU + and the second through port THRU-, the first isolation port ISO + and the second isolation port ISO-are positioned on the other side of the all-differential coupler.
Referring to fig. 4, a layout diagram of a quadrature generator based on coupler cascade in the prior art is shown, which is cascaded through 3 couplers t 1. Through a mechanism of quadrature error cancellation, bandwidth expansion can be realized through coupler cascade connection, and quadrature signal errors are reduced. However, the straight-through port THRU and the coupling port CPL are located on two sides of the coupler, which results in a complicated output routing path of the orthogonal generator, a large layout area and a large layout difficulty.
Therefore, in order to solve the above technical problems, it is necessary to provide a full-differential coupler and a wideband quadrature generator.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a full differential coupler and a wideband quadrature generator to optimize the port arrangement of the full differential coupler.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a full differential coupler comprises an input port, a through port, a coupling port and an isolation port, wherein the input port and the isolation port are located on one side of the full differential coupler, and the through port and the coupling port are located on the other side of the full differential coupler.
In an embodiment, the all-differential coupler includes a first input port and a second input port, a first through port and a second through port, a first coupling port and a second coupling port, and a first isolation port and a second isolation port, where the first input port and the second input port, and the first isolation port and the second isolation port are located on one side of the all-differential coupler, and the first through port and the second through port, and the first coupling port and the second coupling port are located on the other side of the all-differential coupler.
In one embodiment, the fully differential coupler comprises:
a first inductor is arranged between the first input port and the first node, and a third inductor is arranged between the first through port and the first node;
a second inductor is arranged between the second isolation port and the second node, and a fourth inductor is arranged between the second coupling port and the second node;
a fifth inductor is arranged between the second input port and the third node, and a seventh inductor is arranged between the second through port and the third node;
a sixth inductor is arranged between the first isolation port and the fourth node, and an eighth inductor is arranged between the first coupling port and the fourth node;
the first inductor and the second inductor, the third inductor and the fourth inductor, the fifth inductor and the sixth inductor, and the seventh inductor and the eighth inductor are four sets of mutual coupling inductors respectively, and the coupling coefficients are equal.
In an embodiment, coupling capacitors C are respectively disposed between the first node and the fourth node, and between the second node and the third node m 。
In an embodiment, first parasitic capacitors C are respectively formed between the first input port, the second input port, the first pass port, the second pass port, the first coupling port, the second coupling port, the first isolation port, the second isolation port, the first node, the second node, the third node, and the fourth node and the reference potential g ;
Second parasitic capacitors C are respectively formed between the first input port and the second isolation port, between the first through port and the second coupling port, between the second input port and the first isolation port, between the second through port and the first coupling port, between the first node and the second node, and between the third node and the fourth node f 。
In one embodiment, isolation resistors R are respectively disposed between the first isolation port and the reference potential, and between the second isolation port and the reference potential iso 。
In an embodiment, the first input port and the second input port respectively receive a first differential signal and a second differential signal, the first through port, the second through port, the first coupled port, and the second coupled port respectively output a first output signal, a second output signal, a third output signal, and a fourth output signal, and phase differences between the first output signal and the third output signal, between the third output signal and the second output signal, between the second output signal and the fourth output signal, and between the fourth output signal and the first output signal are both 90 °.
An embodiment of the utility model provides a technical scheme as follows:
the utility model provides a broadband quadrature generater, broadband quadrature generater includes a first total differential coupler and two second total differential couplers, the second total differential coupler is foretell total differential coupler, first total differential coupler includes input port, through port, coupling port and keeps apart the port, and input port and coupling port in the first total differential coupler are located one side of first total differential coupler, and through port and isolation port are located the opposite side of first total differential coupler.
In one embodiment, the first full-differential coupler includes a first input port and a second input port, a first through port and a second through port, a first coupling port and a second coupling port, and a first isolation port and a second isolation port, where the first input port and the second input port, and the first coupling port and the second coupling port are located on one side of the full-differential coupler, and the first through port and the second through port, and the first isolation port and the second isolation port are located on the other side of the full-differential coupler.
In one embodiment, the first input port and the second input port of the first fully differential coupler receive a first differential signal and a second differential signal, respectively;
a first straight-through port and a second straight-through port of the first full differential coupler are respectively connected with a first input port and a second input port of a first second full differential coupler, and a first coupling port and a second coupling port of the first full differential coupler are respectively connected with a first input port and a second input port of a second full differential coupler;
a first coupling port and a second coupling port of the first second full differential coupler are respectively connected with a first coupling port and a second coupling port of the second full differential coupler, and a first orthogonal signal I +/-is output;
and the first through port and the second through port of the first second full differential coupler are respectively connected with the first through port and the second through port of the second full differential coupler, and a second orthogonal signal Q +/-is output.
The utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:
the utility model discloses full differential coupler has optimized the port mode of arranging, and input port and isolation port are located one side, and through port and coupling port are located the opposite side, can realize littleer area and less line loss in the territory realization;
the broadband orthogonal generator formed by cascading a plurality of fully differential couplers obviously reduces the layout area and layout difficulty of the broadband orthogonal generator.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art quadrature coupler;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a prior art fully differential coupler;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a layout of a total differential coupler in the prior art;
FIG. 4 is a layout diagram of an orthogonal generator based on coupler cascade in the prior art;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a fully differential coupler according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a layout of a total differential coupler according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic layout diagram of a broadband quadrature generator based on a fully differential coupler according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions in the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts shall belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The utility model discloses a total differential coupler, including input port, direct port, coupling port and isolation port, input port and isolation port are located one side of total differential coupler, and direct port and coupling port are located total differential coupler's opposite side.
The utility model also discloses a broadband quadrature generater, broadband quadrature generater include a first total differential coupler and two second total differential couplers, wherein:
the first full differential coupler comprises an input port, a through port, a coupling port and an isolation port, wherein the input port and the coupling port in the first full differential coupler are positioned on one side of the first full differential coupler, and the through port and the isolation port are positioned on the other side of the first full differential coupler;
the first full differential coupler comprises an input port, a through port, a coupling port and an isolation port, the input port and the isolation port in the second full differential coupler are located on one side of the full differential coupler, and the through port and the coupling port are located on the other side of the full differential coupler.
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the all-differential coupler of the first embodiment of the present invention includes an input port IN, a through port THRU, a coupling port CPL, and an isolation port ISO, where the input port IN and the isolation port ISO are located on one side of the all-differential coupler, and the through port THRU and the coupling port CPL are located on the other side of the all-differential coupler.
Specifically, the all-differential coupler comprises a first input port IN + and a second input port IN-, a first through port THRU + and a second through port THRU-, a first coupling port CPL + and a second coupling port CPL-, a first isolation port ISO + and a second isolation port ISO-, the first input port IN + and the second input port IN-, and the first isolation port ISO + and the second isolation port ISO-are positioned on one side of the all-differential coupler, and the first through port THRU + and the second through port THRU-, and the first coupling port CPL + and the second coupling port CPL-are positioned on the other side of the all-differential coupler.
In the all-differential coupler of the present embodiment:
a first inductor is arranged between the first input port IN + and the first node A, and a third inductor is arranged between the first through port THRU + and the first node A;
a second inductor is arranged between the second isolation port ISO-and a second node B, and a fourth inductor is arranged between the second coupling port CPL-and the second node B;
a fifth inductor is arranged between the second input port IN-and the third node C, and a seventh inductor is arranged between the second through port THRU-and the third node C;
a sixth inductor is arranged between the first isolation port ISO + and the fourth node D, and an eighth inductor is arranged between the first coupling port CPL + and the fourth node D;
the inductance values of the first inductor to the eighth inductor are all equal (L/2), the first inductor and the second inductor, the third inductor and the fourth inductor, the fifth inductor and the sixth inductor, and the seventh inductor and the eighth inductor are respectively four groups of mutual coupling inductors, and the coupling coefficients are equal and are all K.
Coupling capacitors C are respectively arranged between the first node A and the fourth node D and between the second node B and the third node C m 。
First parasitic capacitances C are formed between the first input port IN +, the second input port IN-, the first through port THRU +, the second through port THRU-, the first coupling port CPL +, the second coupling port CPL-, the first isolation port ISO +, the second isolation port ISO-, the first node A, the second node B, the third node C and the fourth node D and a reference potential respectively g ;
Second parasitic capacitances C are respectively formed between the first input port IN + and the second isolation port ISO-, the first through port THRU + and the second coupling port CPL-, the second input port IN-and the first isolation port ISO +, the second through port THRU-and the first coupling port CPL +, the first node A and the second node B, and the third node C and the fourth node D f 。
Isolation resistors R are respectively arranged between the first isolation port ISO + and the reference potential and between the second isolation port ISO-and the reference potential iso 。
IN this embodiment, the first input port IN + and the second input port IN-respectively receive the first differential signal IN + and the second differential signal IN-, the first through port THRU +, the second through port THRU-, the first coupling port CPL +, and the second coupling port CPL-respectively output the first output signal THRU +, the second output signal THRU-, the third output signal CPL +, and the fourth output signal CPL-, and the phase difference between the first output signal THRU + and the third output signal CPL +, the third output signal CPL + and the second output signal THRU-, the second output signal THRU-and the fourth output signal CPL-, and the fourth output signal CPL-and the first output signal THRU + is 90 °.
Specifically, in this embodiment, in + and in-are differential signals, and the phases of the first output signal thru +, the second output signal thru-, the third output signal cpl +, and the fourth output signal cpl-are 0 °, 180 °, 90 °, and 270 °, respectively.
Compared with the prior art, the CPL +/-port and the ISO +/-port in the embodiment are exchanged, and the coupling capacitor C is added at the central node m . Capacitor C f 、C g Mainly realized by the parasitic capacitance of the transformer coil (inductor).
In the prior art, the ports (CPL and THRU) that output the quadrature signals are located on both sides of the coupler. In the coupler structure of this embodiment, the ports (CPL and THRU) for outputting the quadrature signals are located on the same side of the coupler, so that a smaller area and a smaller routing loss can be realized in layout implementation.
Referring to fig. 7, the broadband quadrature generator in the second embodiment of the present invention includes a first total differential coupler t1 and two second total differential couplers t2, the second total differential coupler t2 is the total differential coupler in the first embodiment, the first total differential coupler t1 is the total differential coupler in the prior art, the first total differential coupler t1 includes an input port, a direct port, a coupling port and an isolation port, the input port and the coupling port in the first total differential coupler are located on one side of the first total differential coupler, and the direct port and the isolation port are located on the other side of the first total differential coupler.
Specifically, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the first full differential coupler t1 includes a first input port IN + and a second input port IN-, a first through port THRU + and a second through port THRU-, a first coupling port CPL + and a second coupling port CPL-, a first isolation port ISO + and a second isolation port ISO-, the first input port IN + and the second input port IN-, and the first coupling port CPL + and the second coupling port CPL-located at one side of the full differential coupler, and the first through port THRU + and the second through port THRU-, and the first isolation port ISO + and the second isolation port ISO-located at the other side of the full differential coupler.
Isolation resistors R are respectively arranged between the first isolation port ISO + and the second isolation port ISO-and the reference potential iso ;
IN the first full differential coupler, a group of mutual coupling inductors (the inductance value of each inductor is L and the coupling coefficient is K) are arranged between the first input port IN + and the first through port THRU + and between the first coupling port CPL + and the first isolation port ISO +, and a group of mutual coupling inductors (the inductance value of each inductor is L and the coupling coefficient is K) are arranged between the second input port IN-and the second through port THRU-and between the second coupling port CPL-and the second isolation port ISO-;
coupling capacitors C are respectively arranged between the first input port IN + and the first coupling port CPL +, between the first through port THRU + and the first isolation port ISO +, between the second input port IN-and the second coupling port CPL-, and between the second through port THRU-and the second isolation port ISO-) m ;
Parasitic capacitances C are formed between the first input port IN +, the second input port IN-, the first through port THRU +, the second through port THRU-, the first coupling port CPL +, the second coupling port CPL-, the first isolation port ISO +, the second isolation port ISO-and the reference potential respectively g 。
IN this embodiment, the first input port IN + and the second input port IN-of the first full differential coupler respectively receive the first differential signal IN + and the second differential signal IN-, and the first through port THRU +, the second through port THRU-, the first coupling port CPL +, and the second coupling port CPL-respectively output the first output signal THRU +, the second output signal THRU-, the third output signal CPL +, the fourth output signal CPL-, the first output signal THRU +, the second output signal THRU-, the third output signal CPL +, and the fourth output signal CPL-at phases of 0 °, 180 °, 90 °, and 270 °.
In this embodiment, one first fully differential coupler t1 and two second fully differential couplers t2 are specifically implemented as follows:
the first input port and the second input port of the first full-differential coupler t1 receive the first differential signal and the second differential signal, respectively;
a first straight-through port and a second straight-through port of the first full-differential coupler t1 are respectively connected with a first input port and a second input port of the first second full-differential coupler t2, and a first coupling port and a second coupling port of the first full-differential coupler t1 are respectively connected with a first input port and a second input port of the second full-differential coupler t 2;
the first coupling port and the second coupling port of the first second full-differential coupler t2 are respectively connected with the first coupling port and the second coupling port of the second full-differential coupler t2, and output a first quadrature signal I + -;
the first and second pass-through ports of the first and second full-differential couplers t2 are connected to the first and second pass-through ports of the second and second full-differential couplers t2, respectively, and output second quadrature signals Q ±.
As can be seen, in this embodiment, a first fully-differential coupler t1 and two second fully-differential couplers t2 are cascaded, so that the wiring strategy can be optimized, and the layout area and the layout difficulty can be significantly reduced.
According to the technical scheme, the utility model has the advantages of it is following:
the utility model optimizes the port arrangement mode, the input port and the isolation port are positioned on one side, the through port and the coupling port are positioned on the other side, and smaller area and smaller wiring loss can be realized in the layout realization;
the broadband orthogonal generator formed by cascading a plurality of fully differential couplers obviously reduces the layout area and layout difficulty of the broadband orthogonal generator.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the invention is not restricted to details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (9)
1. A full differential coupler is characterized by comprising an input port, a through port, a coupling port and an isolation port, wherein the input port and the isolation port are positioned on one side of the full differential coupler, and the through port and the coupling port are positioned on the other side of the full differential coupler;
the full differential coupler comprises a first input port, a second input port, a first through port, a second through port, a first coupling port, a second coupling port, a first isolation port and a second isolation port, wherein the first input port, the second input port, the first isolation port and the second isolation port are located on one side of the full differential coupler, and the first through port, the second through port, the first coupling port and the second coupling port are located on the other side of the full differential coupler.
2. A fully differential coupler according to claim 1, wherein in the fully differential coupler:
a first inductor is arranged between the first input port and the first node, and a third inductor is arranged between the first through port and the first node;
a second inductor is arranged between the second isolation port and the second node, and a fourth inductor is arranged between the second coupling port and the second node;
a fifth inductor is arranged between the second input port and the third node, and a seventh inductor is arranged between the second through port and the third node;
a sixth inductor is arranged between the first isolation port and the fourth node, and an eighth inductor is arranged between the first coupling port and the fourth node;
the inductance values of the first inductor to the eighth inductor are equal, the first inductor and the second inductor, the third inductor and the fourth inductor, the fifth inductor and the sixth inductor, and the seventh inductor and the eighth inductor are four sets of mutual coupling inductors respectively, and the coupling coefficients are equal.
3. The full differential coupler of claim 2, wherein coupling capacitors C are respectively disposed between the first node and the fourth node, and between the second node and the third node m 。
4. The all-differential coupler according to claim 2, wherein first parasitic capacitances C are formed between the first input port, the second input port, the first pass-through port, the second pass-through port, the first coupling port, the second coupling port, the first isolation port, the second isolation port, the first node, the second node, the third node, and the fourth node, and a reference potential g ;
Between the first input port and the second isolation port, between the first pass-through port and the second coupling port, between the second input port and the first isolation port, and between the second pass-through port and the first coupling portSecond parasitic capacitors C are respectively formed among the first node, the second node and the fourth node f 。
5. The all-differential coupler according to claim 2, wherein an isolation resistor R is respectively arranged between the first isolation port and the reference potential and between the second isolation port and the reference potential iso 。
6. The all-differential coupler according to claim 2, wherein the first input port and the second input port respectively receive a first differential signal and a second differential signal, the first pass-through port, the second pass-through port, the first coupled port and the second coupled port respectively output a first output signal, a second output signal, a third output signal and a fourth output signal, and the phase difference between the first output signal and the third output signal, between the third output signal and the second output signal, between the second output signal and the fourth output signal and between the fourth output signal and the first output signal is 90 °.
7. A broadband quadrature generator, characterized in that the broadband quadrature generator comprises a first full-differential coupler and two second full-differential couplers, the second full-differential coupler is the full-differential coupler of any one of claims 1 to 6, the first full-differential coupler comprises an input port, a through port, a coupling port and an isolation port, the input port and the coupling port in the first full-differential coupler are located on one side of the first full-differential coupler, and the through port and the isolation port are located on the other side of the first full-differential coupler.
8. The wideband quadrature generator of claim 7, wherein the first fully differential coupler comprises first and second input ports, first and second pass-through ports, first and second coupled ports, and first and second isolated ports, the first and second input ports and the first and second coupled ports being located on one side of the fully differential coupler, and the first and second pass-through ports and the first and second isolated ports being located on the other side of the fully differential coupler.
9. The wideband quadrature generator of claim 8, wherein the first and second input ports of the first fully differential coupler receive first and second differential signals, respectively;
a first straight-through port and a second straight-through port of the first full differential coupler are respectively connected with a first input port and a second input port of a first second full differential coupler, and a first coupling port and a second coupling port of the first full differential coupler are respectively connected with a first input port and a second input port of a second full differential coupler;
a first coupling port and a second coupling port of the first second full differential coupler are respectively connected with a first coupling port and a second coupling port of the second full differential coupler, and a first orthogonal signal I +/-is output;
and the first through port and the second through port of the first second full differential coupler are respectively connected with the first through port and the second through port of the second full differential coupler, and a second orthogonal signal Q +/-is output.
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