CN217022809U

CN217022809U - Small intelligent anti-icing buoy suitable for icing sea area

Info

Publication number: CN217022809U
Application number: CN202220868940.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吕奇鑫; 王子同; 陈芃宇; 陈啸天; 李博宁; 张大勇
Original assignee: Dalian University of Technology
Current assignee: Dalian University of Technology
Priority date: 2022-04-14
Filing date: 2022-04-14
Publication date: 2022-07-22
Anticipated expiration: 2032-04-14

Abstract

A small intelligent anti-icing buoy suitable for an icing sea area can automatically avoid sea ice and comprises a watertight buoy body, a transparent protective cover and a mooring system. An inclination angle sensor, a single chip microcomputer and a motor drive are fixed on the inner wall above the watertight standard body; the lower inner wall is fixed with a storage battery. Transparent safety cover back-off is fixed in watertight mark body top, and mark body top is equipped with solar panel, and the top surface is equipped with distance sensor in the safety cover, forms closed circuit with the singlechip is even. The mooring system comprises a motor bracket, a waterproof motor, a mooring rope rod, a mooring rope and a balance weight. The motor bracket and the target body are welded into a whole. The waterproof motors are symmetrically arranged on the motor supports on the two sides of the watertight label body and are connected with the stranded cable rod. The stranded cable rod is connected with one end of the cable, and the sinking block is bound at the other end of the cable. The utility model can be carried with various hydrological monitoring equipment, and the automatic stranded cable dives to achieve the aim of ice prevention, and has the advantages of strong autonomy, simple structure, flexible modification, low price and the like.

Description

Small intelligent anti-icing buoy suitable for icing sea area

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of marine ecological environment monitoring, and relates to a buoy anti-icing structure suitable for an icing sea area.

Background

In winter, the temperature of the northern sea area in China is reduced to freeze the sea surface, and ocean production operation and ocean monitoring activities are seriously influenced. At present, the buoy plays a key role in marine environment monitoring, but when the sea goes through an ice season, the buoy needs to be recovered in a concentrated mode through manpower in order to prevent sea ice from damaging the structure and the function of the buoy. The method not only consumes huge manpower and financial resources, but also influences the collection of various hydrological data and the progress of research work. The replacement work of the navigation mark is increasingly heavy, and the speed of manually replacing the buoy cannot adapt to the actual requirement. In addition, iteration of the ice target update also brings great economic pressure. Therefore, it is urgent to solve the problem of the influence of sea ice on the consumption of the buoy and the function of the buoy.

In order to solve the existing problems, for example, the chinese patent with publication number CN113086092A discloses an anti-ice polar ice and sea dual-purpose buoy, which comprises a hard buoyancy ball, a cylindrical cavity, a hemispherical antenna cabin and the like; the bottom of the controller bin is connected with sensors such as a thermohaline depth sensor and a sonar through a cable, and the tail end of the cable is connected with a bearing block; the device can carry monitoring sensors with different types of parameters, and long-term unmanned observation in polar ice sea areas is carried out by adopting remote iridium satellite wireless data transmission. For example, chinese patent publication No. CN113022787A discloses a small buoy ice-resistant structure for marine environmental monitoring, and belongs to the field of marine buoy design and manufacture. Comprises a target body structure, a power generation device and a mooring system. The device has the advantages of deep draft, high floatability, good stability, simple structure, convenient installation and easy release and recovery; a solar power generation device is additionally arranged, so that the replacement period of the buoy is prolonged, and the maintenance cost of the buoy is reduced; from the perspective of ice-resistant structure design, the ice breaking capacity is better than that of a common buoy with the same diameter; both of these devices have high strength, can resist ice with hardness, but lack flexibility.

Therefore, the project aims at providing the intelligent anti-icing buoy which can improve the working condition of the ocean environment monitoring in the ice period of the bay of Liaodong in China.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to design a small intelligent anti-icing buoy which can be used for avoiding floating ice independently when ice rows come, avoiding the threat of sea ice and maintaining the normal work of monitoring equipment carried in the buoy. The overall design concept is as follows: when the floating ice is monitored to float, the motor can rotate forwards to drive the stranded cable rod to retract the mooring cable, and the buoy is pulled down to the position below the sea surface by shortening the mooring length; after a period of time, if no floating ice is detected above the buoy, the motor is reversed to release the cable, and the buoy floats on the sea surface through the extension of the mooring length.

In order to realize the functions, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a small-size intelligent anti-icing buoy suitable for freezing sea area can avoid sea ice automatically, small-size intelligent anti-icing buoy structure include watertight mark body 3, transparent safety cover 1 and mooring system triplex:

the watertight standard body 3 is cylindrical, is divided into an upper part and a lower part from the middle, and can be screwed by screw threads to ensure the water tightness like a cup and a cup cover. An inclination angle sensor 10 is fixed on the upper inner wall of the watertight standard body 3, a single chip microcomputer 11 and a motor drive 13 are fixed on the upper side inner wall, wherein the single chip microcomputer 11 is connected with the inclination angle sensor 10, a storage battery 12 and the motor drive 13, the storage battery 12 is connected with the motor drive 13 through a lead, namely the inclination angle sensor 10 is connected with the single chip microcomputer 11 to form a closed circuit, and the single chip microcomputer 11 is connected with the motor drive 13 and the storage battery 12 in series to form a closed circuit. The lower inner wall of the watertight target body 3 is fixed with a storage battery 12. And the middle parts of the top surface and the bottom surface of the watertight label body 3 are provided with threading holes 8 for passing through wires.

Transparent safety cover 1 shape be the hemisphere, the material is the ya keli board, the back-off is fixed in 1 top of the watertight mark body, has the water proofness, and 1 top surface of the watertight mark body is equipped with small-size solar panel 9, solar panel 9 links to each other with battery 12 through wires hole 8. The top surface is equipped with a distance sensor 2 in the transparent safety cover 1, and the wire passes through wires hole 8 and links into a closed circuit with distance sensor 2 and singlechip 11.

The mooring system comprises a motor bracket 4, a waterproof motor 7, a mooring rope rod 5, a mooring rope 6, a balance weight 14 and a sinking block 15. The motor support 4 is welded with the outer side below the watertight label body 3 into a whole, specifically two Y-shaped rods extending from the side face of the cylindrical watertight label body 1, and rib plates are arranged on the two extending rod sides and connected with the bottom of the watertight cabin body so as to play a role in structure reinforcement. Waterproof motor 7 is waterproof circular two-way motor, and the symmetry is located watertight label body 3 below both sides, fixes on motor support 4 through the bolt, and specific waterproof motor 7 passes through two ears to be fixed on two forks of Y type motor 4 support, and the pivot of waterproof motor 7 passes in the Y type pole fork of motor support 4 to link to each other with cylinder type stranded cable pole. A through hole is punched in the middle section of the mooring rope rod 5, and a mooring rope 6 penetrates through the small hole to play a role in fixing the mooring rope 6; the other end of the mooring cable 6 is bound with a sinking block 15, which sinks to the sea bottom, and the weight of the sinking block is far larger than the buoyancy of the buoy when the buoy is wholly submerged. And the wire between the waterproof motor 7 and the motor drive 13 is connected through the threading hole 8. The counterweight 14 is positioned at the bottom side in the target body and is used for adjusting the draught height.

Furthermore, the watertight label body 1 is provided with a threading hole. The motor and the distance sensor are connected with the power supply and the single chip microcomputer in the standard body through wires penetrating through the upper wall and the lower wall of the watertight standard body, and in order to ensure the water tightness of the standard body, the wire through holes are required to be subjected to watertight treatment after wiring.

Furthermore, the sinking block generally replaces the function of the anchor by a cheaper sinking block such as a cement block or a cast iron block.

Furthermore, the waterline of the anti-icing buoy is not lower than two thirds of that of the 1 part of the watertight buoy body, and the buoy body needs to be screwed down after a single chip microcomputer 11 monitoring switch is turned on before entering water.

When the inclination angle sensor 10 monitors that the inclination angle of the watertight target body 3 is larger than 10 degrees, the watertight target body 3 is judged to be in an ice-row pushing state, and at the moment, the waterproof motor 7 starts to rotate forwards to drive the stranded cable rod 5 to rotate, so that the mooring rope 6 is wound on the stranded cable rod 5, and the watertight target body 3 is pulled to submerge below the sea surface; the waterproof motor 7 is turned off after rotating for a certain time, the distance sensor 2 is turned on, and when no floating ice is detected right above the watertight target body 3, the waterproof motor 7 starts to rotate reversely to drive the stranded cable rod 5 to rotate reversely, the mooring rope 6 is released, and the watertight target body 3 naturally floats to the sea level.

Detect through distance sensor 2 and judge whether have floating ice directly over the watertight label body 3, specifically do: the ice-free infrared distance measuring device is characterized in that the ice-free infrared distance measuring device detects through a distance sensor, the distance sensor transmits an infrared distance measuring signal every 15 minutes, when the distance sensor can receive the reflected infrared signal, the ice-free infrared distance measuring device judges that ice exists, and when the distance sensor cannot receive the infrared signal reflected by an obstacle, the ice-free infrared distance measuring device judges that ice does not exist.

The design concept of the small intelligent anti-icing buoy does not have specific requirements on the material of the buoy body and the selection of each part of the buoy body, can be changed according to the actual application condition, and can also be freely added with various monitoring devices in the buoy body.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the buoy can be prevented from being in rigid contact with floating ice for a long time, and the possibility that the buoy is damaged by sea ice is greatly reduced;

(2) the storage battery is used as a power supply, and the solar panel in the transparent protective cover can ensure that the power supply of the buoy is sufficient after the buoy floats to the sea surface, so that energy guarantee is provided for the normal operation of the built-in monitoring function after the buoy sinks underwater;

(3) the mark body has simple structure, easy manufacture and installation, and can freely add and subtract internal monitoring instrument equipment.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a general schematic diagram of a small intelligent anti-icing buoy structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a side view of the motor bracket structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the general arrangement and wiring within the buoy of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the working principle of the single chip microcomputer of the utility model;

in the figure: 1, a transparent waterproof cover; 2, a distance sensor; 3, water sealing the target body; 4, a motor bracket; 5, a twisted cable rod; 6 mooring ropes; 7 waterproof motor; 8, threading holes; 9 a solar panel; 10 tilt angle sensor; 11 single chip microcomputer; 12 a storage battery; 13, driving a motor; 14 a weight of the buoy; 15 sinker of buoy (placed on the sea bottom for anchoring).

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, it is obvious that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not meant to limit the present invention, and based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention:

the general schematic diagram of the small intelligent anti-icing buoy is shown in fig. 1, the side schematic diagram of the motor support structure is shown in fig. 2, and the general arrangement and wiring schematic diagram of the buoy is shown in fig. 3.

The transparent waterproof cover 1 is fixed above the watertight target body 3 and is subjected to watertight treatment; the motor support 4 and the watertight sign body 3 are welded into a whole, specifically two Y-shaped rods extend out from the side surface of the cylindrical watertight sign body 1, and rib plates are arranged on the two extending rod sides and connected with the bottom of the watertight cabin body so as to play a role in structure reinforcement. The waterproof motor 7 is fixed on the Y-shaped rod of the motor support 4 through a bolt, and a rotating shaft of the waterproof motor 7 penetrates through the fork of the Y-shaped rod of the motor support 4 and is fixedly connected with the stranded cable rod 5. A mooring rope 6 penetrates through a hole of the mooring rope rod 5 and is fixed, the distance measuring sensor 2 is adhered to the top of the inner side of the transparent waterproof cover 1 and penetrates through a threading hole 8 to be connected with the single chip microcomputer 11 to form a closed circuit; the inclination angle sensor 10 is fixed on the upper inner wall of the watertight label body 3 through screws and is also connected with the singlechip 11 to form a closed circuit; the singlechip 11 is connected with the motor drive 13 and the storage battery 12 in series to form a closed loop; waterproof motor 7 links to each other through threading hole 8 with motor drive 13, and solar panel 9 passes through threading hole 8 and links to each other with battery 12. The other end of the mooring cable 6 is bound with a sinking block 15 which sinks to the sea bottom, and the weight of the sinking block is far larger than the buoyancy of the whole buoy submerged in water.

The small intelligent anti-icing buoy function can be realized by setting a singlechip program according to the following procedures:

when the inclination angle sensor 10 detects that the inclination angle of the watertight target body 3 is larger than 10 degrees, the watertight target body 3 is judged to be in an ice-row pushing state, at the moment, the waterproof motor 7 starts to rotate forwards to drive the stranded cable rod 5 to rotate, so that the mooring cable 6 is wound on the stranded cable rod 5, the watertight target body 3 is pulled to submerge below the sea surface, the waterproof motor 7 is closed after rotating for a certain time, the distance sensor 2 is opened, when no floating ice exists right above the watertight target body 3, the waterproof motor 7 starts to rotate backwards to drive the stranded cable rod 5 to rotate backwards, the mooring cable 6 is released, and the watertight target body 3 naturally floats to the sea level. The balance weight 14 is positioned at the bottom side in the target body and is used for adjusting the draught height.

The buoy can carry various hydrological monitoring equipment, ensures long-term operation in the sea area in the ice season in the north, achieves the aim of ice prevention by monitoring the inclination angle change of the buoy body and automatically winding the cable to submerge, and has the advantages of strong autonomy, simple structure, flexible modification, low price and the like. The utility model can save the manpower and financial resources for replacing the buoy in the ice season in the sea area in northern China, and makes an important contribution to assisting in marine environment monitoring and marine scientific and technological development.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express the embodiments of the present invention, but not should be understood as the limitation of the scope of the utility model patent, it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, many variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall into the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a small-size intelligent anti-icing buoy suitable for icing sea area, a serial communication port, intelligent anti-icing buoy can avoid the sea ice automatically, including watertight mark body (3), transparent safety cover (1) and mooring system triplex:

the watertight label body (3) is cylindrical, is divided into an upper part and a lower part from the middle and has watertightness; an inclination angle sensor (10) is fixed on the inner wall of the upper part of the watertight target body (3), a single chip microcomputer (11) and a motor driver (13) are fixed on the inner wall of the upper side, wherein the inclination angle sensor (10) and the single chip microcomputer (11) are connected into a closed circuit, and the single chip microcomputer (11), the motor driver (13) and the storage battery (12) are connected in series to form a closed loop; a storage battery (12) is fixed on the inner wall below the watertight target body (3); the middle parts of the top surface and the bottom surface of the watertight mark body (3) are provided with threading holes (8) for passing through wires; the top surface of the watertight label body (3) is provided with a small solar panel (9) connected with the storage battery (12);

the transparent protective cover (1) is hemispherical, is reversely buckled and fixed at the top of the watertight standard body (3), and has water tightness; the inner top surface of the transparent protective cover (1) is provided with a distance sensor (2), and a lead passes through the threading hole (8) to connect the distance sensor (2) and the singlechip (11) to form a closed circuit;

the mooring system comprises a motor bracket (4), a waterproof motor (7), a mooring rope rod (5), a mooring cable (6), a balance weight (14) and a sinking block (15); the motor bracket (4) is fixed at the outer side below the watertight target body (3); the waterproof motor (7) is a waterproof circular bidirectional motor, is symmetrically arranged on two sides below the watertight label body (3), is fixed on the motor bracket (4), and is connected with the stranded cable rod (5); the mooring rope rod (5) is connected with one end of a mooring rope (6), a sinking block (15) is bound at the other end of the mooring rope (6) and sinks to the sea bottom, and the weight of the mooring rope is larger than the buoyancy of the whole buoy submerged in water; the wire between the waterproof motor (7) and the motor drive (13) is connected through the threading hole (8); the counterweight (14) is positioned at the bottom side in the target body and is used for adjusting the draught height.

2. The small intelligent anti-icing buoy for use in icy sea areas as claimed in claim 1,

the sinking block (15) is a cement block or a cast iron block.

3. The small intelligent anti-icing buoy for use in icy sea areas as claimed in claim 1,

the waterline of the anti-icing buoy is not lower than two thirds of the waterline of the watertight buoy body (3), and the buoy body needs to be screwed down after a single chip microcomputer (11) monitoring switch is opened before entering water.