CN216990049U - Milling insert and milling tool for finishing - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a milling blade for finish machining, wherein a blade body is a double-sided polygonal body and comprises an upper surface, a lower surface and a side surface formed by extending between the upper surface and the lower surface, a blade center hole is formed in the geometric center of the blade body, and a plurality of main cutting edges and finishing edges which are alternately arranged and connected through corner cutting edges are arranged on the blade body; the main cutting edge is formed by the crossing crest line of the main cutting edge front cutter face and the main rear cutter face, the finishing edge is formed by the crossing crest line of the finishing edge front cutter face and the auxiliary rear cutter face, and the finishing edge is convexly curved to the outer side of the cutter body. The utility model can participate in cutting, does not reduce the milling efficiency, can provide the polishing function, and can be accurately installed on a cutter head matched with the cutter head.

Description

Milling insert and milling tool for finishing

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the technical field of cutting tools, and more particularly to a milling insert and a milling tool for finishing.

Background

Milling tools for chip removing machining, typically tools with cutting edges, are rotated to remove excess material from the surface of a workpiece. Originally the milling tools were designed as one-piece, one-piece tools with very good precision, but in order to reduce the machining costs increasingly milling inserts were used instead of the cutting parts of the tool which are prone to wear, and it was desired that the milling inserts be formed with as many cutting edges as possible, so that the inserts can be indexed several times. The geometry of the milling insert is thus designed as a double-sided polygon, so that as many cutting edges as possible can be arranged in a limited space.

In order to ensure that the cutting edge of the double-sided polygonal milling insert is always in contact with a workpiece and other parts cannot interfere with the workpiece when the double-sided polygonal milling insert is mounted on a cutter body for rotating, a certain space angle is required for the polygonal milling insert relative to the cutter body. In order to provide an angle between the minor flank surface of the milling insert and the machined surface, the milling insert will be mounted in the body with a negative axial rake angle. Meanwhile, in order to form a certain angle between the main rear tool face of the milling blade and the transition surface of the workpiece in the machining process, the milling blade is arranged on the cutter body at a negative radial inclination angle, and the double-sided polygonal milling cutter arranged at double negative angles can carry out normal cutting.

The common double-sided octagonal milling cutter blade has 16 cutting edges and has good economical efficiency, when in processing, the common double-sided octagonal milling cutter blade not only needs to have a negative radial inclination angle and an axial inclination angle, but also enables an external cutter point closest to a processing surface to be in contact with a workpiece, an internal cutter point cannot be in contact with the workpiece, a clearance effect is formed to protect the lower cutting edge from participating in cutting, and a main deflection angle is slightly smaller than 45 degrees. Therefore, in principle, the surface quality of the workpiece machined by the common double-sided octagonal milling blade cannot meet the technical requirements of finish machining, and the finish machining milling blade is required to be used for cutting the surface of the workpiece with high surface quality.

The finish machining milling blade with the publication number of CN104014860A and the milling cutter thereof comprise a polygonal plate-shaped blade body, wherein the blade body comprises an upper surface, a lower surface and a plurality of side surfaces connecting the upper surface and the lower surface, the side surfaces are intersected with the upper surface to form a plurality of cutting edges, at least one arched cutting edge is arranged in the plurality of cutting edges, a high salient point on the arched cutting edge is positioned between two end points of the arched cutting edge, the distance H between at least one end point in the arched cutting edge and the high salient point along the circumferential direction of the arched cutting edge is not less than 0.05mm, the curvature radius of the high salient point is R, and R is not less than 200mm and not more than 1500 mm. The milling cutter comprises a cutter body, wherein a first cutter groove is formed in the cutter body, the milling cutter further comprises the finish machining milling blade, and a blade body of the finish machining milling blade is fixedly arranged in the first cutter groove. Above-mentioned technical scheme can effectively eliminate the adjacent residual step of milling between the width to reduce the contact length of arch cutting edge and work piece, thereby reduce cutting force and cutting vibration, improve finish machining and mill the life of blade, but the condition of installation mistake appears easily in cutting edge and arch cutting edge, thereby leads to processing the work piece and can not reach ideal surface quality, the condition of failure such as tipping even appears. Therefore, it is important to design the blade structure to be error-proof in positioning and installation.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide a milling blade for finish machining aiming at the defects in the prior art, which can participate in cutting, does not reduce the milling efficiency, can also provide a finishing function, and can ensure that a finishing edge can also exert good finishing performance when the milling blade is installed on a cutter disc and has a certain installation error.

Another object of the utility model is to provide a milling tool equipped with a milling insert as described above for finishing.

The purpose of the utility model is realized by the following technical scheme:

a milling blade for finish machining is characterized in that a blade body is a double-sided polygonal body and comprises an upper surface, a lower surface and a side surface formed by extending between the upper surface and the lower surface, a blade center hole is formed in the geometric center of the blade body, and a plurality of main cutting edges and finishing edges which are alternately arranged and connected through corner cutting edges are arranged on the blade body; the main cutting edge is formed by the crossing crest line of main sword rake face and main back knife face, the repairment sword is formed by the crossing crest line of repairment sword rake face and vice back knife face, the repairment sword is the convex bending to the blade body outside, the repairment sword downwardly extending of upper surface forms the vice back knife face in upper portion, the repairment sword of lower surface upwards extends and forms the vice back knife face in lower part, the vice back knife face in upper portion intersects with the vice back knife face in lower part and forms the intersect, the maximum distance between the intersect of vice back knife face is greater than two distances between the repairment sword the biggest.

Further, the main cutting edge is concavely curved.

Further, the main cutting edge is asymmetrically concavely curved.

Furthermore, the smoothing edge is arc-shaped, two ends of the smoothing edge are respectively in tangent connection with the corner cutting edge, and the distance between a connecting line between the two ends of the smoothing edge and the arc on the smoothing edge is 0.01-0.1 mm.

Preferably, the distance between a connecting line between two ends of the smoothing edge and the arc on the smoothing edge is 0.02-0.03 mm.

Further, an included angle between a connecting line between two end points of the smoothing blade and the main rear cutter face is larger than 135 degrees.

Preferably, an included angle between a connecting line between two end points of the wiper edge and the main flank is 135-137 °.

Further, the length between two end points of the smoothing blade is greater than the length between the adjacent main flank surfaces.

Furthermore, one end of the corner cutting edge is connected with the smoothing edge, the other end of the corner cutting edge is connected with the main cutting edge, and one end of the corner cutting edge, which is connected with the smoothing edge, inclines downwards.

Further, the distance between the two flat cutting edge end points is greater than the maximum distance between the two main cutting edges, and the maximum distance between the two flat cutting edges is greater than the distance between the two flat cutting edge end points.

Further, the height of the corner cutting edge and the main cutting edge is lower than the wiper edge.

A milling cutter tool provided with a milling insert for finishing as described above, which milling insert cooperates with a pocket in the tool, the line connecting the two end points of the finishing edge of the milling insert being at 90 ° to the centre line.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

the utility model can participate in cutting, does not reduce milling efficiency, can provide a smoothing function, limits the milling cutter blade through the intersecting line on the cutter blade, can be accurately installed on a cutter head corresponding to the double-sided octagonal rough-machining milling cutter blade matched with the cutter blade, adopts an arc design for the smoothing cutter blade, and can ensure that the smoothing capability is not greatly influenced under the condition that a certain manufacturing error exists between the cutter head cutter slot and the cutter blade.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a milling insert for finishing;

fig. 2 is a top view of a milling insert for finishing;

fig. 3 is a side view of a milling insert for finishing;

fig. 4 is a side view of a milling insert for finishing;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a wiper blade;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a corner cutting edge portion;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view E-E of FIG. 2;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a milling cutter;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a milling cutter;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a milling cutter;

wherein 1 is the blade body, 2 is the locating surface, 3 is main flank face, 4 is vice flank face, 41 is the vice flank face in upper portion, 42 is the vice flank face in lower part, 5 is the bight surface, 6 is the main lip rake face, 7 is the smoothing sword rake face, 8 is the main cutting edge, 9 is the smoothing sword, 10 is the bight cutting edge, 11 is the intersect, 12 is the centre bore, 13 is the line between the two extreme points of smoothing sword.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the present embodiment provides a milling insert for finish machining, the insert body 1 is a double-sided polygonal body, and includes an upper surface and a lower surface, in the present embodiment, the insert body 1 is an octagon, an insert inner hole 12 is provided at a geometric center, and a positioning surface 2 is provided at an edge of the central hole 12. The cutting insert is characterized in that a plurality of main cutting edges 8 and smoothing edges 9 are arranged on the insert body 1, the main cutting edges 8 and the smoothing edges 9 are alternately arranged, the adjacent main cutting edges 8 and the smoothing edges 9 are connected through corner cutting edges 10, and the height of each corner cutting edge 10 and the height of each main cutting edge 8 are lower than that of each smoothing edge 9. Wherein, the main cutting edge 8 is formed by the intersection ridge line of the main cutting edge rake face 6 and the main back rake face 3, and the smoothing edge 9 is formed by the intersection of the rake face 7 and the auxiliary back rake face 4; the main cutting edge 8 is asymmetrically curved in a concave shape on the main flank 3 toward the main edge rake face 6, the main flank 3 is connected with the auxiliary flank face 4 through the corner surface 5, the wiper edge 9 is curved in a convex shape toward the outer side of the insert body 1, the main cutting edge 8 can be visually distinguished from the wiper edge 9, and visual confusion caused by the wiper edge 9 and the main cutting edge 8 is avoided.

One end of the corner cutting edge 10 is connected with the smoothing edge 9, the other end of the corner cutting edge is connected with the main cutting edge 8, one end of the corner cutting edge 10 connected with the smoothing edge 9 inclines downwards, so that the corner cutting edge 10 forms a certain helical angle during cutting, cutting force is reduced, and when the rake face of the smoothing edge 9 needs to be ground, the structure is convenient for the grinding wheel to feed. The left end of the main cutting edge 8 is a long straight line and is connected with the right end point of the corner cutting edge 10, the right end is a short straight line and is connected with the left end point of the corner cutting edge 10, the lowest point of the main cutting edge 8 is close to the right end as much as possible, namely, the long straight line of the left end is as long as possible, and when the blade is used for cutting, the longer the long straight line of the left end is, the greater cutting depth is facilitated. The included angle between the left long straight line and the horizontal direction is the edge inclination angle of the main cutting edge 8, and the edge inclination angle is larger than the axial inclination angle of the cutter head, so that when the blade is installed on the cutter head, a positive helical angle can be generated, the cutting force is reduced, and the service life of the cutter is prolonged.

In this embodiment, the wiper blade 9 is circular arc-shaped, two ends of the wiper blade are respectively tangent to the corner cutting edge, and a distance between a connecting line 13 between the two ends of the wiper blade 9 and the circular arc on the wiper blade 9 is 0.01-0.1mm, which is set to 0.02-0.03mm in this embodiment. The connecting line 13 between the two ends of the wiper edge 9 is a virtual connecting line and is only used for auxiliary description, and there is no line connection between the two ends of the wiper edge 9 actually. The slight projection of the smoothing edge 9 can ensure that the smoothing capability is not greatly influenced under the condition that certain manufacturing errors exist in the cutter head cutter groove and the cutter blade.

In order to avoid the bottom cutting edge, the cutter groove angle on the cutter head can ensure that the bottom cutting edge does not participate in cutting as much as possible in the design process, namely, the inner cutter point of the cutter blade on the cutter head is far away from the surface of a workpiece compared with the outer cutter point, so that the effect of protecting the cutting edge is achieved. An included angle beta between a connecting line 13 between two end points of the polishing edge 9 and the main rear cutter surface 3 is larger than 135 degrees, and preferably ranges from 135 degrees to 137 degrees in the embodiment, so that the included angle beta is used for compensating the clearance effect, and when the milling blade is installed on a cutter head, the two end points of the polishing edge 9 of the blade tend to be horizontal, so that a better polishing effect is achieved.

In this embodiment, the wiper edge 9 on the upper surface extends downward to form an upper secondary flank surface 41, the wiper edge 9 on the lower surface extends upward to form a lower secondary flank surface 42, and the upper secondary flank surface 41 and the lower secondary flank surface 42 intersect to form an intersection line 11 for limiting the milling insert.

As shown in fig. 7, the cutting position is the middle of the wiper edge 9, the maximum distance between the two wiper edges 9 is h3, the maximum distance between the intersecting lines 11 of the minor flank surfaces 4 is h4, the included angle γ between the intersecting line 11 of the cutting plane and the negative flank surface and the vertical direction is 0.5-4 °, the wiper edge 9 has better strength when the angle is larger, but the γ angle cannot exceed the negative axial inclination angle of the cutter head, otherwise the minor flank surfaces 4 will generate interference during cutting.

Further, since the wiper edges 9 are slightly convex, the maximum distance h3 between the two wiper edges 9 is greater than the distance h1 between the end points of the two wiper edges 9, meanwhile, the distance h1 between the end points of the two wiper edges 9 is greater than the maximum distance h2 between the two main cutting edges 8, and the maximum distance h4 between the intersecting lines 11 of the secondary flank surfaces 4 is greater than the maximum distance h3 between the two wiper edges 9, that is, h4> h3> h1> h 2. Due to the fact that h4 is larger than h2, when the main cutting edge 8 is installed on the cutter disc in a wrong mode when the flat cutting edge 9 is used, the center hole 12 of the milling cutter blade is greatly eccentric with the screw hole of the cutter disc, and therefore the screw cannot be screwed after being inserted. Meanwhile, the negative back tool face intersecting line 11 prevents the cutter blade from being positioned and attached to the side positioning surface in the cutter head, and the incorrect installation of the indexing angle of the cutter blade can be prevented. Thus, the milling insert can only be screwed tight into position in the pocket when the main flank surface 3 in the insert is mounted in contact with the cutter disc. In view of this, the structure of the wiper edge 9 and the negative flank of the milling insert has the function of preventing misloading of the insert.

Example 2

The present embodiment provides a milling cutter tool fitted with a milling insert for finish machining, wherein the insert body 1 is a double-sided polygonal body comprising an upper surface and a lower surface, in the present embodiment the insert body 1 is octagonal, with an insert locating hole provided at the geometric center. The cutting insert comprises an insert body 1, and is characterized in that a plurality of main cutting edges 8 and a plurality of wiper edges 9 are arranged on the insert body 1, the main cutting edges 8 and the wiper edges 9 are alternately arranged, the adjacent main cutting edges 8 and the wiper edges 9 are connected through corner cutting edges 10, and the heights of the corner cutting edges 10 and the main cutting edges 8 are lower than the wiper edges 9. The main cutting edge 8 is formed by the intersection ridge of the main cutting edge rake face 6 and the main rear cutter face 3, and the wiper edge 9 is formed by the intersection of the wiper edge 9 rake face 7 and the auxiliary rear cutter face 4; the main cutting edge 8 is asymmetrically curved in a concave shape on the main flank 3 toward the main edge rake face 6, the wiper edge 9 is convexly curved toward the outer side of the insert body 1, the main cutting edge 8 can be visually distinguished from the wiper edge 9, and visual confusion between the wiper edge 9 and the main cutting edge 8 is avoided.

One end of the corner cutting edge 10 is connected with the smoothing edge 9, the other end of the corner cutting edge is connected with the main cutting edge 8, one end of the corner cutting edge 10 connected with the smoothing edge 9 inclines downwards, so that the corner cutting edge 10 forms a certain helical angle during cutting, cutting force is reduced, and when the rake face of the smoothing edge 9 needs to be ground, the structure is convenient for the grinding wheel to feed. The left end of the main cutting edge 8 is a long straight line and is connected with the right end point of the corner cutting edge 10, the right end is a short straight line and is connected with the left end point of the corner cutting edge 10, the lowest point of the main cutting edge 8 is close to the right end as much as possible, namely, the long straight line of the left end is as long as possible, and when the blade is used for cutting, the longer the long straight line of the left end is, the more the larger the cutting depth is, the longer the long straight line of the left end is, the more the cutting depth is. The included angle between the left long straight line and the horizontal direction is the edge inclination angle of the main cutting edge 8, and the edge inclination angle is larger than the axial inclination angle of the cutter head, so that when the blade is installed on the cutter head, a positive helical angle can be generated, the cutting force is reduced, and the service life of the cutter is prolonged.

In this embodiment, the wiper blade 9 is arc-shaped, two ends of the wiper blade are respectively tangent to the corner cutting edge, and the maximum distance between the connecting line 13 between the two ends of the wiper blade 9 and the arc on the wiper blade 9 is greater than 0.02 mm. The slight bulge of the smoothing edge 9 can ensure that the smoothing capacity is not greatly influenced under the condition that certain manufacturing errors exist in the cutter head cutter groove and the cutter blade.

In order to avoid the bottom cutting edge, the cutter groove angle on the cutter head can ensure that the bottom cutting edge does not participate in cutting as much as possible in the design process, namely, the inner cutter point of the cutter blade on the cutter head is far away from the surface of a workpiece than the outer cutter point, so that the effect of protecting the cutting edge is achieved. In this embodiment, an included angle β between a connecting line 13 between two end points of the wiper edge 9 and the main flank 3 is greater than 135 ° for compensating the clearance effect, so that when the milling blade is mounted on a cutter head, the two end points of the wiper edge 9 of the blade tend to be horizontal, thereby achieving a better wiper effect.

In this embodiment, the wiper edge 9 on the upper surface extends downward to form an upper secondary flank surface 41, the wiper edge 9 on the lower surface extends upward to form a lower secondary flank surface 42, and the upper secondary flank surface 41 and the lower secondary flank surface 42 intersect to form an intersection line 11 for limiting the milling insert.

As shown in fig. 7, the cutting position is the middle of the wiper edge 9, the maximum distance between the two wiper edges 9 is h3, the maximum distance between the intersecting lines 11 of the minor flank surfaces 4 is h4, the included angle γ between the intersecting line 11 of the cutting plane and the negative flank surface and the vertical direction is 0.5-4 °, the wiper edge 9 has better strength when the angle is larger, but the γ angle cannot exceed the negative axial inclination angle of the cutter head, otherwise the minor flank surfaces 4 will generate interference during cutting.

Further, since the wiper edges 9 are slightly convex, the maximum distance h3 between the two wiper edges 9 is greater than the distance h1 between the end points of the two wiper edges 9, meanwhile, the distance h1 between the end points of the two wiper edges 9 is greater than the maximum distance h2 between the two main cutting edges 8, and the maximum distance h4 between the intersecting lines 11 of the secondary flank surfaces 4 is greater than the maximum distance h3 between the two wiper edges 9, that is, h4> h3> h1> h 2. Due to the fact that h4 is larger than h2, when the main cutting edge 8 is installed on the cutter disc in a wrong mode when the flat cutting edge 9 is used, the center hole 12 of the milling cutter blade is greatly eccentric with the screw hole of the cutter disc, and therefore the screw cannot be screwed after being inserted. Meanwhile, the negative rear cutter face intersecting line 11 enables the cutter blade not to be positioned and attached with a side positioning surface in the cutter head, and the incorrect installation of the indexing angle of the cutter blade can be prevented. Thus, the milling insert can only be screwed tight into position in the pocket when the major relief surface 3 of the insert is mounted in contact with the cutter disc. In this view, the wiper edge 9 and the negative relief surface of the milling insert have a function of preventing the insert from being erroneously mounted.

Example 3

As shown in fig. 8 to 10, in the present embodiment, referring to embodiment 2, a milling cutter is provided, in which a milling insert for finish machining is mounted, the milling insert is mounted on a cutter head in a form of double negative relief angles by screwing down a screw, and the milling insert is matched with a cutter groove of the cutter head, so that a connecting line 13 between two end points of a finishing edge 9 forms an angle of 90 ° with a vertical direction of a cutter body 1, so as to improve a finishing effect of the finishing edge 9.

It should be noted that, if directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, and back … …) are involved in the embodiment of the present invention, the directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationship between the components, the movement situation, and the like in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indications are changed accordingly.

In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in an embodiment of the present invention, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A milling insert for finish machining is characterized in that the insert body is a double-sided polygonal body and comprises an upper surface, a lower surface and a side surface formed by extending between the upper surface and the lower surface, an insert center hole is formed in the geometric center of the insert body, and a plurality of main cutting edges and finishing edges which are alternately arranged and connected through corner cutting edges are arranged on the insert body; the main cutting edge is formed by the crossing crest line of main sword rake face and main back knife face, the repairment sword is formed by the crossing crest line of repairment sword rake face and vice back knife face, the repairment sword is the convex bending to the blade body outside, the repairment sword downwardly extending of upper surface forms the vice back knife face in upper portion, the repairment sword of lower surface upwards extends and forms the vice back knife face in lower part, the vice back knife face in upper portion intersects with the vice back knife face in lower part and forms the intersect, the maximum distance between the intersect of vice back knife face is greater than two distances between the repairment sword the biggest.

2. The milling insert for finishing as set forth in claim 1 wherein the primary cutting edge is concavely curved.

3. The milling insert for finishing as set forth in claim 1 wherein the primary cutting edge is asymmetrically concavely curved.

4. The milling insert for finish machining of claim 1 wherein the wiper edge is circular arc shaped with both ends respectively tangentially connected to the corner cutting edge, and wherein the distance between the line between the two ends of the wiper edge and the circular arc on the wiper edge is 0.01-0.1 mm.

5. The milling insert for finishing as claimed in claim 1 wherein an angle between a line connecting two ends of the wiper edge and the major relief surface is greater than 135 °.

6. The milling insert for finishing as claimed in claim 1 wherein the length between the wiper edge end points is greater than the length between adjacent major relief surfaces.

7. The milling insert for finishing as set forth in claim 1 wherein the corner cutting edge is connected at one end to a wiper edge and at the other end to a main cutting edge, the corner cutting edge being inclined downwardly at the end connected to the wiper edge.

8. The milling insert for finishing of claim 5, wherein the distance h1 between the two wiper edge end points is greater than the maximum distance h2 between the two main cutting edges, and the maximum distance h3 between the two wiper edges is greater than the distance h1 between the two wiper edge end points.

9. The milling insert for finishing as set forth in claim 1 wherein the height of the corner cutting edge and the major cutting edge is lower than the wiper edge.

10. A milling cutter tool provided with a milling insert for finishing according to any of claims 1-9, characterized in that the milling insert cooperates with a pocket in the tool, the line between the two ends of the wiper edge of the milling insert being at 90 ° to the centre line of the insert body.

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