CN216950475U - Tunnel annular flow guide system for centralized drainage of underground water - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a tunnel annular diversion system for centralized drainage of underground water, which comprises an annular diversion trench structure, a primary support and a secondary lining, wherein the annular diversion trench structure is arranged between the primary support and the secondary lining and corresponds to the outline of a tunnel; water outlets at two ends of the annular diversion trench structure are communicated with the central drainage trench sequentially through the side wall water collecting well and the transverse buried trench. If the surrounding rocks concentrate large-strand-shaped effluent in the tunnel excavation process, the large-strand-shaped effluent can be introduced into the annular diversion trench structure and then is converged into the central drainage ditch through the side wall water collecting well and the transverse buried groove. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, low construction cost, high structural reliability of the whole drainage system, strong arrangement flexibility, large displacement and wide application range, is particularly suitable for the drainage of strong water-rich stratum tunnels, and has strong practicability.

Description

Tunnel annular flow guide system for centralized drainage of underground water

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a tunnel annular flow guide system for centralized drainage of underground water, belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction, and is particularly suitable for tunnel construction requiring large-scale drainage construction, such as a weak surrounding rock water-rich section or a karst pipeline water burst section.

Background

When the tunnel construction meets special water-rich geological conditions such as a fault water-rich section or a karst pipeline water burst section, the difficulty coefficient of excavation construction is obviously improved, and the potential construction risk is also sharply increased. If the treatment is not thorough, adverse effects can be caused to the tunnel supporting structure, and hidden dangers are left for the tunnel operation safety. Aiming at the condition that the tunnel passes through the surrounding rock water-rich section, the relatively reliable method is to conduct drainage treatment on underground water around the tunnel so as to reduce the water pressure acting on the tunnel structure and reduce the risk of tunnel water leakage in the later operation stage. However, the conventional tunnel water-drainage preventing system has a limited drainage capacity due to the pipe diameter of the drainage pipe, and is easily crushed at the time of later concrete pouring, which is insufficient to cope with the case of large strand-shaped water discharge. In addition, the abundant place of groundwater often also means the relative development of surrounding rock crack of this section, and the certain perturbation effect of some will be produced to peripheral rock-soil body to a large amount of drainage groundwater during the construction, if do not have reliable support reinforcement measure, the risk that unstability collapses exists under rivers erode, undercutting etc. effect in preliminary bracing structure, is the construction condition that needs special consideration.

It can be seen that the existing tunnel water-proof and drainage system for draining underground water by using drainage pipes has certain limitation in function, is not enough to deal with surrounding rock water-rich sections with concentrated large strand-shaped water outlet, and has certain construction risk and operation risk once underground water cannot be drained in time. In view of the above, research on a toroidal flow guiding system for centralized drainage of underground water has become an urgent problem to be solved in the engineering field.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, the present invention provides a circumferential diversion system for a tunnel, which can overcome the shortcomings of the prior art.

The purpose of the utility model is realized by the following technical scheme:

a tunnel circumferential diversion system for centralized drainage of underground water comprises an annular diversion trench structure which is arranged between an outer layer of a primary support and a secondary lining and corresponds to the contour of a tunnel; water outlets at two ends of the annular diversion trench structure are communicated with the central drainage trench sequentially through the side wall water collecting well and the transverse buried trench.

A plurality of radial or oblique drain holes communicated with the annular diversion trench structure are arranged in the tunnel surrounding rock to provide drainage channels for nearby sections; the drain hole is internally provided with a drain pipe with a full-circle hole so as to prevent the drain hole from collapsing and blocking a drainage channel.

The annular diversion trench structure comprises a plurality of arch protection channel steel structure units arranged in the whole range from the tunnel vault to the arch springing, adjacent arch protection channel steel structure units are spliced together to form an annular flow channel structure, and a waterproof structure is arranged on the inner wall of the annular flow channel structure.

The arch protection channel steel structure unit comprises drainage steels which are oppositely arranged and provided with flow guide gaps, the drainage steels are I-shaped steels, one side wing plate of each drainage steel is fixedly connected with the primary support, the other side wing plate of each drainage steel is provided with a sealing steel plate, and a hollow flow channel structure is defined by the primary support surface, the sealing steel plate and the drainage steels on the two sides.

And connecting steel plates are arranged at two ends of the drainage steel, so that adjacent arch protection channel steel structural units are mutually anchored through connecting bolts arranged on the connecting steel plates.

The side wall water collecting well is arranged at the side wall corner of the tunnel, the upper water inlet is communicated with the annular diversion trench structure, and the lower water outlet is connected with the transverse buried trench; and a filter residue steel wire mesh is arranged at the water outlet of the side wall water collecting well.

And the outer side of the side wall water collecting well and the upper part of the tunnel cable trench are provided with access holes, and the access holes are provided with inspection doors.

The transverse buried grooves are obliquely and downwards arranged relative to the central drainage ditch, and the transverse gradient of the transverse buried grooves is not less than 3%.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses a tunnel annular diversion system for centralized drainage of underground water, which comprises an annular diversion trench structure, a primary support and a secondary lining, wherein the annular diversion trench structure is arranged between the primary support and the secondary lining and corresponds to the contour of a tunnel; water outlets at two ends of the annular diversion trench structure are communicated with the central drainage trench sequentially through the side wall water collecting well and the transverse buried trench. If surrounding rocks concentrate large strand form water outlet in the tunnel excavation process, the water outlet position and the deformation condition can be used for prejudging, a section which needs to be subjected to tunnel expanding excavation is circled, tunnel expanding excavation construction, preliminary bracing concrete injection construction and inner side I-steel erection are further carried out, an expanding excavation groove is reserved in the construction process, an oblique or radial water drain hole is arranged in the expanding excavation groove, a water drain pipe is plugged into the hole, and then outer layer water drain steel erection is carried out. The annular diversion trench structure assembled by the outer layer of drainage steel can lead the large strand effluent collected by the radial or oblique drainage holes to the side wall water collecting well and the transverse hidden groove in sequence and then to the central drainage trench for drainage, and has strong drainage performance. The utility model adopts the inner I-steel and the outer drainage steel to realize double-layer support, has good structural stability, can effectively reduce the risk of instability and collapse of primary support particularly at the water-rich section of weak surrounding rocks or the water burst section of karst pipelines, can simultaneously and flexibly arrange the flow channel width of the arch protection channel steel structural unit according to the water yield and the water outlet position, and can quickly guide and drain accumulated water behind the tunnel support structure into the central drainage ditch by matching with the radial or inclined drainage holes driven into the surrounding rocks, the side wall water collection well and the buried drainage ditch arranged at the bottom of the tunnel, thereby effectively eliminating the adverse effects of underground water on the safety of tunnel construction and the reliability of the support structure, and being suitable for the conditions of large-scale drainage construction, such as the water-rich section of the weak surrounding rocks or the water burst section of the karst pipelines.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the utility model has simple structure, low construction cost, high structural reliability of the whole drainage system, strong arrangement flexibility, large displacement and wide application range, is particularly suitable for the drainage of strong water-rich stratum tunnels, and has strong practicability;

(2) the annular diversion trench structure of the tunnel is based on the primary support surface, a relatively closed drainage channel is formed by the drainage steel and the closed steel plate which are arranged oppositely, the width of the drainage channel is determined by the distance between the two rows of the drainage steel, the distance between the two rows of the drainage steel can be flexibly arranged according to the water yield and the water outlet position, the annular diversion trench structure has larger drainage capacity, and can effectively deal with the condition of concentrated large strand water outlet;

(3) the I-shaped steel with strong bearing capacity is used as an important component, so that the construction is convenient, the I-shaped steel can be used as an auxiliary reinforcing measure for drainage during construction, the risk of instability and collapse of primary support during concentrated drainage can be effectively reduced, and the construction safety is greatly improved;

(4) according to the annular diversion trench structure for the tunnel, the water outlet end of the annular diversion trench structure is sequentially communicated with the side wall water collecting well, the transverse buried trench and the central drainage trench, the side wall water collecting well is arranged at the side wall corner of the tunnel, the filter screen is additionally arranged at the water outlet of the side wall water collecting well, large-particle impurities are easily carried in large-discharge water, the large-particle impurities can be filtered by the additional filter screen, the filtered water is discharged into the central drainage trench through the transverse buried trench, the blockage of the trench is avoided, the blockage problem of the drainage pipeline can be effectively prevented, and the drainage performance is good. Meanwhile, large-particle impurities after filtering are deposited on the side wall water collecting well, and are removed through an inspection hole reserved in the side wall water collecting well, so that the operation is simple, and the time and the efficiency are saved.

Additional advantages, objects, and features of the utility model will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the utility model. The objectives and other advantages of the utility model will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims thereof.

Drawings

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of an annular guide groove structure.

Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of an annular diversion trench structure.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of an installation structure of the drainage steel.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a connection structure of the annular diversion trench structure and the side wall water collecting well.

Detailed Description

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments are illustrative of the utility model only and are not limiting upon the scope of the utility model.

As shown in fig. 1-5, a tunnel circumferential diversion system for centralized drainage of groundwater comprises an annular diversion trench structure 3 which is arranged between an outer layer of a primary support 1 and a secondary lining 2 and corresponds to the contour of a tunnel; water outlets at two ends of the annular diversion trench structure 3 are communicated with a central drainage trench 6 sequentially through a side wall water collecting well 4 and a transverse buried trench 5.

A plurality of radial or oblique drain holes 7 communicated with the annular diversion trench structure 3 are arranged in the tunnel surrounding rock. The radial or oblique drainage holes provide drainage channels for nearby sections, the specific number and positions of the drainage holes are flexibly arranged according to the drainage positions of the surrounding rocks, the specific drainage number and positions are determined according to the drainage condition of the subsequent primary support surface, the effect of basically guiding the underground water of the nearby sections into the drainage holes is better, and the drainage pipes which are perforated in a full ring can be inserted into the radial or oblique drainage holes 7 according to needs so as to prevent the drainage holes from collapsing and blocking the drainage channels. The water outlet end of the water discharge pipe is communicated with the annular diversion trench structure 3, so that water rich in surrounding rocks can be discharged into the annular diversion trench structure 3 and is collected into a central water discharge ditch 6 through a side wall water collection well 4 and a transverse buried groove 5.

The side wall water collecting well 4 is arranged at the side wall corner of the tunnel, the upper water inlet is communicated with the annular diversion trench structure 3, and the lower water outlet is connected with the water inlet of the transverse buried trench 5; be equipped with filter residue wire net 8 in the delivery port department of side wall sump pit 4, as the device of filtering solid particle such as silt, the central escape canal 6 is blockked up in the prevention, and the solid particle after the filtration can deposit in side wall sump pit 4, the later stage clean up can.

Be equipped with access hole 401 in the side wall sump pit 4 outside, the top of tunnel cable pit 9, be equipped with the inspection door on the access hole 401, seal through the inspection door during normal operation, can open the inspection door when needs inspection, scarfing cinder and carry out relevant operation.

The transverse buried grooves 5 are obliquely and downwards arranged relative to the central drainage ditch 6, and the transverse gradient of the transverse buried grooves is not less than 3% so as to effectively ensure the smoothness of drainage.

The side wall water collecting well 4 is manufactured by arranging a water collecting well template and then performing cast-in-place; the transverse buried grooves 5 and the central drainage ditches 6 are made by casting corresponding transverse buried groove templates and central drainage ditch templates in situ, or the transverse buried grooves 5 and the central drainage ditches 6 are constructed by splicing concrete prefabricated units. When in use, the device can be assembled on site, and has low cost, high construction efficiency and good environmental protection.

The annular diversion trench structure 3 comprises a plurality of arch protection channel steel structure units distributed along the whole range from the tunnel vault to the arch springing, adjacent arch protection channel steel structure units are spliced together to form an annular flow channel structure H, and a waterproof structure is arranged on the inner wall of the annular flow channel structure H to ensure the waterproof sealing performance of the annular flow channel structure H. The waterproof structure is a waterproof coating layer sprayed on the inner wall of the annular flow passage structure H or a waterproof coiled material paved on the inner wall of the annular flow passage structure H. The waterproof coating layer of spraying is preferably adopted, and the construction is more convenient.

The arch protection channel steel structural unit comprises drainage steels 301 which are oppositely arranged and provided with flow guide gaps, the drainage steels are I-shaped steels, one side wing plate of each drainage steel is fixedly connected with the primary support 1, the other side wing plate of each drainage steel is provided with a sealing steel plate 302, and a hollow flow channel structure H is formed by enclosing the surface of the primary support 1, the sealing steel plates 302 and the drainage steels 301 on two sides. The drainage steel 301 is oppositely arranged on two sides of the water outlet position and can be fixedly connected to a primary support through a foot locking anchor rod or sprayed concrete which is driven into a rock stratum, the radial or oblique drainage hole 7 is arranged between the two rows of the drainage steel 301 and is driven into the surrounding rock along the water outlet position, a drainage outlet of the radial or oblique drainage hole 7 is communicated with the flow channel structure H, and the enriched water in the surrounding rock can be collected in the flow channel structure H through the radial or oblique drainage hole 7 and then is drained into the central drainage ditch 6 through the side wall water collection well 4 and the transverse concealed groove 5.

The radial or oblique drain holes 7 provide drainage channels for adjacent sections, and a drain pipe with a full-circle hole can be selectively inserted into the drain holes 7 according to needs so as to prevent the drain holes from collapsing and blocking the drainage channels.

Waterproof coating layers are sprayed on the inner sides of the drainage steel 301 and the inner sides of the closed steel plates 302 in advance, and then installation and construction are carried out, so that the waterproof capability of the whole structure can be improved, and the waterproof performance of steel can be improved.

Connecting steel plates 303 are arranged at two ends of the drainage steel, so that adjacent arch protection channel steel structural units are mutually anchored through connecting bolts 304 arranged on the connecting steel plates 303.

The drainage steel 301 can be fixedly connected to the primary support 1 through a foot-locking anchor rod or sprayed concrete which is driven into a rock stratum, and is used as a temporary annular protective arch during construction, so that the primary support structure within the influence range of underground water drainage construction is structurally reinforced; meanwhile, a relatively closed flow channel can be formed by the primary support 1 surface and the closed steel plate 302, and large-flow drainage is realized.

The tunnel construction method based on the drainage system comprises the following steps:

s1, observing the water-rich condition of the surrounding rock in the tunnel excavation process, selecting a tunnel construction process according to the water outlet condition of the surrounding rock of the tunnel,

if the water yield of the surrounding rock is small, the conventional construction method and the water prevention and drainage measures are adopted,

if the water yield of the surrounding rock is high, the step s2 is carried out;

s2, prejudging according to the water outlet position and the deformation condition, enclosing a section needing tunnel expanding excavation, further performing tunnel expanding excavation construction, primary support shotcrete construction and inner side I-beam 101 erection, reserving an expanding excavation groove in the construction process, drilling an inclined or radial drain hole 7 in the expanding excavation groove, plugging a drain pipe in the hole, and then erecting outer layer drain steel 301;

s3, setting a waterproof structure after the construction of the drainage steel 301 in the full range is finished, sealing the waterproof structure by using a sealing steel plate 302, and finishing the construction of the annular diversion trench structure 3;

s4, adopting sprayed concrete to secondarily seal the outer part of the annular diversion trench structure 3 to enable the primary support surface to be flush;

s5, sequentially arranging a side wall water collecting well 4, a transverse buried groove 5 and a central drainage ditch 6 which are communicated with the annular diversion trench structure 3 at the water outlet at the lower end of the annular diversion trench structure, and then sequentially carrying out inverted arch and inverted arch backfill pouring construction;

and s6, laying geotextile and waterproof boards on the surface of the primary support 1, binding the secondary lining reinforcing steel bars, and pouring a secondary lining 2 structure.

In step s2, performing primary support construction and drainage steel 301 construction in an alternate construction mode until the drainage steel 301 is erected in the full range from the arch crown to the arch springing of the tunnel;

specifically, the preliminary bracing is subjected to step-by-step expanding excavation and construction corresponding to the drainage steel 301 according to the water outlet position:

firstly, carrying out primary support expanding excavation of an upper step and a middle step, arranging inner-layer I-shaped steel 101 along the contour of a tunnel after expanding excavation, pouring concrete to form a primary support 1 with a groove, and then erecting outer-layer drainage steel 301 of the upper step and the middle step in the groove;

secondly, sequentially digging a lower step according to the steps, arranging an inner layer I-shaped steel 101 and an outer layer drainage steel 301 on the lower step and an inverted arch to be connected to the arch springing position, and erecting an annular diversion trench structure 3 from the arch crown to the arch springing in the full range;

before the drainage steel 301 is erected, a waterproof coating layer is sprayed on the side surface of the drainage steel 301.

In step s3, after the water discharge phenomenon of the surrounding rock in the drainage area is obviously relieved, the outer side wing plate of the drainage steel 301 is welded and sealed by using the sealing steel plate 302 sprayed with the waterproof coating layer in advance, wherein the sealing steel plate 302 is not arranged in the area of the water outlet end of the drainage steel 301 corresponding to the side wall water collecting well 4 so as to serve as a communication opening of the annular diversion trench structure 3 and the side wall water collecting well 4.

In step s4, a water collecting well template is arranged on the side wall of the tunnel; erecting a transverse buried groove template and a central drainage ditch template on the top surface of an inverted arch of the tunnel, and then performing pouring construction of an inverted arch structure and a secondary lining;

or erecting a side wall water collecting well 4 template, installing a transverse buried groove 5 and a central drainage ditch 6 in a concrete prefabricated part installation mode, and then pouring an inverted arch structure and a secondary lining structure.

In the later operation stage, the inspection door can be opened as required, and necessary maintenance operation can be performed through the inspection opening 401.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and any simple modifications, equivalent variations and modifications made on the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a tunnel hoop water conservancy diversion system that is used for groundwater to concentrate to draw row which characterized in that: the tunnel lining structure comprises an annular diversion trench structure (3) which is arranged between the outer layer of a primary support (1) and a secondary lining (2) and corresponds to the contour of the tunnel; water outlets at two ends of the annular diversion trench structure (3) are communicated with the central drainage ditch (6) through the side wall water collecting well (4) and the transverse buried trench (5) in sequence.

2. The annular flow guide system for the tunnel used for centralized drainage of underground water according to claim 1, is characterized in that: a plurality of radial or oblique drain holes (7) communicated with the annular diversion trench structure (3) are arranged in the tunnel surrounding rock to provide drainage channels for nearby sections; a full-ring perforated drain pipe is inserted in the drain hole (7) to prevent the drain hole from collapsing and blocking a drain passage.

3. The annular flow guide system for the tunnel used for centralized drainage of underground water according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the annular diversion trench structure (3) comprises a plurality of arch protection channel steel structure units arranged in the whole range from the tunnel vault to the arch springing, adjacent arch protection channel steel structure units are spliced together to form an annular flow channel structure (H), and a waterproof structure is arranged on the inner wall of the annular flow channel structure (H).

4. The annular flow guide system for the tunnel used for centralized drainage of underground water according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the arch protection channel steel structural unit comprises drainage steels (301) which are oppositely arranged and provided with flow guide gaps, the drainage steels are I-shaped steels, one side wing plate of each drainage steel is fixedly connected with the primary support (1), the other side wing plate of each drainage steel is provided with a sealing steel plate (302), and a hollow runner structure (H) is formed by enclosing the surface of the primary support (1), the sealing steel plates (302) and the drainage steels (301) on the two sides.

5. The annular flow guide system for the tunnel used for centralized drainage of underground water according to claim 4, is characterized in that: connecting steel plates (303) are arranged at two ends of the drainage steel (301), and adjacent arch protection channel steel structural units are mutually anchored through connecting bolts (304) arranged on the connecting steel plates (303).

6. The circumferential flow guide system for the tunnel used for centralized drainage of underground water according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized in that: the side wall water collecting well (4) is arranged at the side wall corner of the tunnel, the upper water inlet is communicated with the annular diversion trench structure (3), and the lower water outlet is connected with the transverse buried groove (5); and a filter residue steel wire mesh (8) is arranged at the water outlet of the side wall water collecting well (4).

7. The annular flow guide system for the tunnel used for centralized drainage of underground water according to claim 6, is characterized in that: an access hole (401) is arranged on the outer side of the side wall water collecting well (4) and above the tunnel cable trench (9), and an inspection door is arranged on the access hole (401).

8. The annular flow guide system for the tunnel used for centralized drainage of underground water according to claim 6, is characterized in that: the transverse buried grooves (5) are obliquely and downwards arranged relative to the central drainage ditch (6), and the transverse gradient of the transverse buried grooves is not less than 3%.

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