CN216701336U

CN216701336U - Movable bottom-sitting type ocean platform net cage structure

Info

Publication number: CN216701336U
Application number: CN202220219220.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄灿光; 翁嘉鹏
Original assignee: Zhuhai Carlos Engineering Consulting Co ltd; Zhuhai Far Reaching Marine Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhuhai Carlos Engineering Consulting Co ltd; Zhuhai Far Reaching Marine Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-01-25
Filing date: 2022-01-25
Publication date: 2022-06-10
Anticipated expiration: 2032-01-25

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of cage culture, and particularly discloses a movable bottom-sitting type ocean platform cage structure with low construction and transportation cost and long service life and a construction method thereof. The construction method comprises the steps of pouring floating piers and hollow columns to form pier-column combination bodies; the pier column assembly is lifted through seawater and dragged and transported to an installation sea area; pouring water into the floating piers or pouring sand into the bottoms of the floating piers and the hollow columns to enable the pier-column combination to sink and sit at the bottom and fix the pier-column combination on the seabed; the top of the hollow column is provided with a platform layer and a workbench layer, and a pipeline is arranged in the hollow column.

Description

Movable bottom-sitting type ocean platform net cage structure

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of cage culture, in particular to a movable bottom-sitting type ocean platform cage structure with low construction and transportation cost and long service life.

Background

The long-term excessive fishing leads to the gradual reduction of the fishing amount on the sea, and the gulf culture becomes an important content of fishery production in order to ensure the healthy and stable development of fishery. Early fishery culture is fish raft culture mainly based on shallow sea bay culture, and deep sea cage culture is gradually started under the condition that the shallow sea water body flow is small, the convection is insufficient, the water quality is poor, algae and fish die in a large amount, the influence of sea storms on the fish raft is large, the fish raft is easy to damage and causes huge loss to fishery practitioners. Deep sea cage culture includes floating structure and sit bottom formula structure, and it comprises the steel construction, and the volume is great, when guaranteeing that the breed good growth under the deep sea environment, the stability of box with a net is stronger, and is not fragile under the impact of stormy waves to box with a net breed's reliability has been guaranteed.

However, the traditional aquaculture net cage is integrally made of a steel structure, so that the manufacturing cost is high, the aquaculture cost of farmers is increased, the steel structure is easily corroded by seawater in seawater, the repair workload of the net cage is large, and the service life of the net cage is influenced; in addition, when the traditional aquaculture net cage needs to be transferred to an aquaculture installation place, the position of the traditional aquaculture net cage needs to be transferred by means of a large-scale marine hoisting ship, the net cage transfer difficulty is high, and the transportation cost is high.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Therefore, it is necessary to provide a movable bottom-sitting type marine platform net cage structure with low construction and transportation cost and long service life for the technical problems of high manufacturing and transportation cost and short service life of the net cage.

A movable bottom-seated marine platform cage structure, the cage structure comprising a platform and a aquaculture cage, the platform comprising:

the number of the floating piers is one or more;

the hollow column is inserted into the inner cavity of the floating pier and is in limit fit with the floating pier, and the floating pier and the hollow column are respectively made of reinforced concrete; and

the hollow column comprises a platform layer and a workbench layer, wherein the platform layer and the workbench layer are sequentially arranged at the top of the hollow column from top to bottom;

fine sand layers are respectively arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity of the floating pier and the bottom of the inner cavity of the hollow column, a pipeline is pre-buried in the hollow column, one end of the pipeline is arranged on the platform layer, and the other end of the pipeline penetrates through the side wall of the hollow column and extends into the inner cavity of the floating pier;

the aquaculture net cage is arranged on the workbench layer and is positioned in the aquaculture water area.

In one embodiment, when the number of the floating piers is multiple, the floating piers are arranged at intervals, and a prefabricated beam is connected between every two adjacent floating piers.

In one embodiment, one or more hollow columns are arranged in each floating pier; when each floating pier is internally provided with a hollow column, the prefabricated beam forms a splicing position in the floating pier, and the hollow column is inserted in the splicing position; when each floating pier is internally provided with a plurality of hollow columns, the outer wall of each hollow column is respectively abutted against the outer wall of the adjacent hollow column and the inner wall of the floating pier.

In one embodiment, two pipelines are arranged in each hollow column, one pipeline is used for irrigating water or sand, and the other pipeline is used for pumping water or flushing sand.

In one embodiment, the bottom of the hollow column is closed and extends through the bottom of the floating pier in the direction away from the platform layer to form a cone, and the cone is used for being embedded on a leveling layer preset on the seabed.

In one embodiment, the hollow column penetrates through the bottom of the floating pier, an opening is formed in the bottom of the hollow column, a pile foundation is inserted into the opening, a bottom-sealing concrete layer or a sand layer is arranged between the pile foundation and the hollow column, and the pile foundation is fixedly connected with the seabed.

In one embodiment, the platform layer is provided with a light steel building, the deck of the working platform layer is provided with a water seepage hole, and a lifter or/and a stair are/is arranged between the platform layer and the working platform layer.

In one embodiment, the platform layer and the workbench layer are of steel structures or concrete structures.

In one embodiment, the number of the stations is multiple, and the stations extend along a straight line or vertically along a double straight line; or the aquaculture net cages are arranged in a plane extension way and are arranged at the edge of the platform or in the aquaculture water area in the platform.

In one embodiment, the number of the platforms is multiple, the multiple platforms are annularly arranged and form a closed loop, and the aquaculture net cage is arranged in the middle of the closed loop.

According to the movable bottom-sitting type ocean platform net cage structure, the floating piers and the hollow columns which are used as underwater parts are made of reinforced concrete, so that the movable bottom-sitting type ocean platform net cage structure is good in durability and long in design life, concrete is excellent in compression performance and is a preferred material of an underwater structure, the maintenance amount of the net cage structure is small, the service life of the net cage structure is prolonged, and the construction cost of the net cage structure and the cultivation investment cost of farmers are reduced; the pipeline is pre-buried on the hollow column, the sand is filled through the pipeline irrigation, and the buoyancy of the net cage structure is adjusted, so that the net cage structure is convenient to transfer by means of the buoyancy, a large-scale marine hoisting ship is not needed in the transferring process, and the moving operation difficulty and the transportation cost of the net cage structure are reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a cage structure according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a base in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a top view of a base in an embodiment of the utility model;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of the installed cage structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of the installed cage structure according to another embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a top view of the cage structure of the embodiment of fig. 4 after installation;

fig. 7 is a plan view of an installation of the docking station in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a plan view of the mounting of the docking station in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a plan view of the mounting of the docking station in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a plan view of the mounting of the docking station in accordance with still another embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 11 is a flow chart of a method of constructing a cage structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a first stage of construction of a net cage structure in one embodiment of the utility model;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a second stage of construction of a net cage structure in an embodiment of the utility model;

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a third stage of construction of a net cage structure in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a schematic illustration of a fourth stage of construction of a net cage structure in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a schematic illustration of a fifth stage of construction of a net cage structure in an embodiment of the utility model;

FIG. 17 is a schematic illustration of a sixth stage of construction of a net cage structure in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a schematic view of a first stage of construction of a net cage structure according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 19 is a schematic view of a second stage of construction of a net cage structure according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 20 is a schematic view of a third stage of construction of a net cage structure according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 21 is a schematic view of a fourth stage of construction of a net cage structure in another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 22 is a schematic illustration of a fifth stage of construction of a net cage structure in another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 23 is a schematic illustration of a sixth stage of construction of a box grid structure in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 24 is a schematic view of a seventh construction stage of the net cage structure according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

Referring to fig. 1, the utility model discloses a movable bottom-sitting type ocean platform net cage structure with low construction and transportation cost and long service life, the technology of a sea-crossing bridge is applied to a net cage culture station, the net cage structure is applied to a water area with the water depth of less than 50 meters, the characteristics of excellent concrete compression performance and larger weight are fully exerted to improve the superior structure and stability of the net cage culture station, in addition, the concrete durability and corrosion resistance are better, the manufacturing cost is about 20 percent of that of a similar steel net cage, and the investment cost of the net cage culture station is obviously reduced. In addition, the net cage structure disclosed by the utility model is constructed by using buoyancy assistance, a large-scale floating crane is not required during transportation and installation of the net cage structure, the overall cost is reduced, and meanwhile, compared with a steel structure, the repair work of the concrete structure in the offshore environment is greatly reduced, so that the cost of deep sea culture is greatly reduced.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, 6 and 9, the movable bottom-supported marine platform net cage structure includes a platform 100 and an aquaculture net cage 200, wherein the platform 100 includes floating piers 1, hollow columns 2, a platform layer 3 and a workbench layer 4, the number of the floating piers 1 is one or more, the hollow columns 2 are inserted into the inner cavities of the floating piers 1 and are in spacing fit with the floating piers 1, the floating piers 1 and the hollow columns 2 are respectively made of reinforced concrete, the platform layer 3 and the workbench layer 4 are sequentially arranged on the tops of the hollow columns 2 from top to bottom, and the platform layer 3 and the workbench layer 4 are steel structures or concrete structures. In this embodiment, according to the atress condition and the erosion of environment to the structure, confirm the material of the concrete steel structure mixture of box with a net structure. That is, the platform 100 is composed of one or more large diameter circular floating piers 1 and hollow columns 2 to form an underwater structure part for providing buoyancy at the construction stage and an above-water structure part provided at the top ends of the hollow columns 2, so that the floating transportation can be conveniently performed at the time of construction. After the structure lands and sits on the ground, the bottom of the inner cavity of the floating pier 1 and the bottom of the inner cavity of the hollow column 2 are respectively provided with a fine sand layer 5, so that the upper buoyancy is reduced, and the weight is increased. A pipeline 6 is embedded in the hollow column 2, one end of the pipeline 6 is arranged on the platform layer 3, and the other end of the pipeline 6 penetrates through the side wall of the hollow column 2 and extends into the inner cavity of the floating pier 1; the aquaculture net cage 200 is arranged on the working platform layer 4 and is positioned in the aquaculture water area. In the working state, the filling of water into the floating pier 1 is reduced, and the buoyancy of the floating pier 1 can be increased; by increasing the weight, such as by further pouring fine sand, the stability of the pier column assembly can be improved.

In this embodiment, the docking station 100 is a modular docking station 100, generally 40 × 40 meters square, and the size of the docking station 100 can be further adjusted according to the cultivation scale. The platform 100 is divided into two layers except the lower structure, the lower layer worktable layer 4, the upper layer platform layer 3, the platform layer 3 is mainly a living and office platform and a warehouse, and a cultural trip sports center can be further developed, in addition, the net cage structure of the embodiment can be used for offshore structures and other platforms needing people to live at sea by refitting on the platform layer 3. In this embodiment, platform layer 3 and workstation layer 4 adopt the steel truss once to install the back of accomplishing, erect at the top of hollow column 2 to reduce offshore work volume.

It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the fine sand layers 5 are respectively disposed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the floating pier 1 and the bottom of the inner cavity of the hollow column 2, so that the overall weight of the pier-column assembly and the friction force between the floating pier 1 and the seabed are increased, the horizontal load resistance of the net cage structure can be enhanced, and the overall stability of the net cage structure is improved.

In this embodiment, the performance requirements of the floating pier 1 are satisfied: in the working state, the floating pier 1 can provide enough gravity to stabilize the platform 100; during construction or movement, the buoyancy of the floating pier 1 can minimally float up the underwater structure of the platform 100, so that the transportation and the reinstallation are convenient; in addition, in the construction and installation process of the net cage structure, the floating piers 1 are filled with seawater in a working state to reduce buoyancy, or are filled with fine sand to increase the weight, so as to stabilize the platform 100. The number of the floating piers 1 included in the platform 100 may be only one, or a plurality of floating piers 1 may be provided in one platform 100, so as to enlarge the culture range of the net cage structure and improve the stability of the net cage structure.

In one embodiment, when the number of the floating piers 1 is multiple, the floating piers 1 are arranged at intervals, and a prefabricated beam 7 is connected between every two adjacent floating piers 1. A steel truss/concrete beam slab 8 is arranged below the workbench layer 4 on the hollow column 2 and is used for supporting the workbench layer 4. In this embodiment, four floating piers 1 are enclosed into a square structure (as shown in fig. 3) by the prefabricated beam 7 or six floating piers 1 are enclosed into a reversed-square structure (as shown in fig. 6) by the prefabricated beam 7, and the elevation of the workbench layer 4 is adjusted according to the wave height of the sea area, so as to avoid the sea from overflowing the upper platform layer 3. Further, the platform layer 3 is provided with a light steel building 31, the light steel building 31 is used for living and fish barns, and the light steel building 31 can resist typhoon design wind power of local sea areas so as to ensure the safety of living of personnel. Because the workstation layer 4 is nearer from average sea level, can receive the stormy waves influence, and the unrestrained uplift power to the deck will cause the destruction to the deck, consequently, in this implementation, the infiltration hole has been seted up on the deck of workstation layer 4, and whole platform 100 supports overall structure by four huge floating piers 1 (square) or six huge floating piers 1 (day font) and install the hollow column 2 in floating pier 1. In order to facilitate personnel to walk between the platform layer 3 and the working platform layer 4, a lift 32 or/and a stair 33 are/is arranged between the platform layer 3 and the working platform layer 4, so that the personnel can go to the working platform layer 4 to check the culture condition or the water condition at sea at any time. In this embodiment, the bottom of the working platform layer 4 is outside the platform 100 and is close to the platform floating platform 34 for providing a mooring point for the ship.

It should be noted that, in this embodiment, in the case of forming the square platform 100 by using four floating piers 1, every four floating piers 1 form a platform 100 module, an underwater part (pier stud assembly) structure or an integral structure is prefabricated in a shallow sea, and then the platform is floated and transported to an installation sea area to be irrigated and sunk, and the platform 100 with a square structure is formed by installing two modules at a distance from each other on the sea and connecting the two platforms by a prefabricated beam 7, so as to realize connection of the platform 100. By analogy, a plurality of net cage structures in different forms can be designed, and the more the connected platforms 100 are, the more stable the formed net cage structure is, and the lower the manufacturing cost of the net cage structure is relative to the similar steel net cages. In this embodiment, the connection body of the floating pier 1, the hollow column 2 and the prefabricated beam 7 is used as the base of the net cage structure.

Referring to fig. 7 to 10, the number of the plurality of platforms 100 is plural, and the plurality of platforms 100 extend along a straight line or extend vertically along two straight lines; or extended in a plane, the aquaculture net cage 200 is arranged at the edge of the platform 100 or in the aquaculture water in the platform 100. That is to say, the net cage structure may be arranged in a straight-line structure on the sea surface as a whole, or may be arranged in a cross-shaped structure on the sea surface, and in this design, the net cage structure is an open structure, and the aquaculture net cage 200 may be arranged at the periphery of the platform 100, and of course, since each platform 100 is in a square-shaped structure or a japanese-shaped structure, the central part of each platform 100 is communicated with the aquaculture water area, and thus, the net cage may be arranged at the middle part of the platform 100. In addition, when the number of the platforms 100 is multiple, the multiple platforms 100 are annularly arranged and form a closed loop, and the aquaculture net cages 200 are arranged in the middle of the closed loop, for example, the platforms 100 may be arranged according to the hexagonal structure of fig. 9, and the circular aquaculture net cages 200 are arranged in the middle of the hexagonal structure; it is also possible to arrange the docking station 100 according to the octagonal structure of fig. 10 and to arrange larger circular aquaculture cages 200 in the middle of the octagonal structure. Of course, in the actual cultivation activities, the plane distribution form of the net cage structure can be further adjusted according to the scale of the cultivation area, which is not described herein again.

In one embodiment, one or more hollow columns 2 are provided in each floating pier 1. Referring to fig. 1, when each floating pier 1 is provided with one hollow column 2, the prefabricated beam 7 forms a splicing position in the floating pier 1, and the hollow column 2 is inserted into the splicing position; when a plurality of hollow columns 2 are arranged in each floating pier 1, the outer wall of each hollow column 2 is respectively abutted against the outer wall of the adjacent hollow column 2 and the inner wall of the floating pier 1. Specifically, the tip of prefabricated crossbeam 7 inserts in floating pier 1, and sets up two baffles along its extending direction interval in prefabricated crossbeam 7 to form the grafting position, hollow column 2 is fixed through the spacing cooperation with prefabricated crossbeam 7 and is set up in floating pier 1. When a plurality of hollow columns 2 are arranged in the floating pier 1, the relative position of the hollow columns 2 and the floating pier 1 is limited by the extrusion force and the friction force between the hollow columns 2 and between the hollow columns 2 and the inner wall of the floating pier 1, so that the inner wall surface of the floating pier 1 is connected with the hollow columns 2, and the bearing capacity of the pier-column combination is enhanced.

Referring to fig. 4, two pipes 6 (shown by dotted lines) are provided in each hollow column 2, one pipe 6 is used for filling water or sand, and the other pipe 6 is used for pumping water or sand. In the embodiment, the bottom of the hollow column 2 is communicated with the bottom of the floating pier 1, one of the two pipelines 6 is used for irrigating water or sand into the hollow column 2 and the floating pier 1 to increase the weight of the pier column assembly, and certainly, under the condition that the bottom of the hollow column 2 and the floating pier 1 is provided with the fine sand layer 5, the water is irrigated into the pipeline 6 to provide power for flushing out the sand; the other pipe 6 serves as an outlet pipe 6 for water or sand. When actual construction is arranged, the number of the pipelines 6 can be increased according to construction requirements, so that the construction progress of the net cage structure is accelerated.

Referring again to fig. 4, the bottom of the hollow column 2 is closed and extends through the bottom of the floating pier 1 in a direction away from the platform layer 3 to form a cone 21, and the cone 21 is adapted to be embedded on a leveling layer 9 provided on the seabed. In this embodiment, the leveling layer 9 may be a sand layer screened from the sea bottom, or an underwater bottom-sealing concrete layer, and the shape of the inner surface of the underwater bottom-sealing concrete layer is adapted to the shape of the outer surface of the vertebral body 21. In the installation process of the net cage structure, when the cone 21 is embedded into the gravel layer or the underwater bottom-sealing concrete layer, the gravel layer or the underwater bottom-sealing concrete layer can provide the friction force resisting horizontal load for the cone 21 so as to realize the positioning of the net cage structure.

Referring to fig. 5, in another embodiment, the hollow column 2 penetrates the bottom of the floating pier 1, an opening is formed in the bottom of the hollow column 2, a pile foundation 22 is inserted into the opening, a bottom-sealing concrete layer or a sand layer is arranged between the pile foundation 22 and the hollow column 2 to realize close contact between the pile foundation 22 and the hollow column 2, and the pile foundation 22 is used for being fixedly connected with a seabed. In this embodiment, a concrete layer or a sand layer is disposed between the pile foundation 22 and the hollow column 2, which depends on whether the net cage platform 100 needs to be moved after installation, and specifically, if the net cage structure is not disassembled and removed after installation, concrete is poured between the pile foundation 22 and the hollow column 2 to form a concrete layer, so as to fixedly connect the hollow column 2 and the pile foundation 22 into a whole; if the net cage structure needs to be disassembled and moved away after being installed, sand is injected between the pile foundation 22 and the hollow column 2 to form a sand layer, so that the horizontal load force transmitted by the net cage structure is transmitted to the pile foundation 22 through the sand layer, the pile foundation 22 transmits the load to the seabed, and sand is also injected between the floating pier 1 and the hollow column 2 to form a fine sand layer 5, so that the weight is increased, the horizontal load force transmitted by the hollow column 2 is balanced, and the stability of the net cage structure is improved. When needs transport box with a net structure, can dismantle platform layer 3 and workstation layer 4 earlier, then inject the pressurized-water into hollow column 2 through pipeline 6 to wash away in hollow column 2, float in the mound 1 and hollow column 2 and pile foundation 22 between the sand and the ponding of draining, hollow column 2 separates with pile foundation 22 under the buoyancy, thereby makes box with a net structure's whole underwater structure part (base) float, so that with a net structure transport to new installation waters.

Further preferred, the design of the opening undergauge of hollow post 2 bottom is hopper-shaped structure, and pile foundation 22 inserts and locates in the opening, like this, is convenient for pack concrete or sand between hollow post 2 and pile foundation 22, and has increased the effort that concrete or sand between opening and the pile foundation 22 outer wall received, has improved the stability that pile foundation 22 and hollow post 2 are connected.

In actual construction, a cone 21 is arranged at the bottom of the hollow column 2, or a pile foundation 22 is fixedly arranged on a seabed, specifically, based on geological conditions of the seabed, when seabed rocks are shallow and can provide friction force resisting horizontal load, the cone 21 is arranged at the bottom of the hollow column 2; when the seabed soft soil is thick or needs to resist huge horizontal load, the pile foundation 22 is fixedly arranged on the seabed, the pile foundation 22 can be arranged at a preset position on the seabed in advance, the depth of the pile foundation 22 is selected according to the design strength requirement, and when the net cage structure is positioned, the floating pier 1 only needs to be sunk, and the pile foundation 22 is sleeved into the hollow column 2.

Referring to fig. 11, the present invention further discloses a construction method for the movable bottom-seated marine platform cage structure, wherein the relative structure and connection manner of the cage structure involved in the construction method are the same as those of the above-mentioned cage structure, and the above-mentioned description can be referred to in detail. The construction method comprises the following steps:

s1: and pouring the floating pier 1 and the hollow column 2 inserted in the floating pier 1 to form a pier-column assembly.

When the number of the floating piers 1 is more than one, the two floating piers 1 are connected through the prefabricated beam 7, and the hollow column 2 is correspondingly installed on each floating pier 1 so as to obtain the pier column combination body.

S2: the pier assembly is floated by seawater and is hauled to an installation sea area.

S3: pouring water into the floating piers 1 or pouring fine sand into the bottoms of the floating piers 1 and the hollow columns 2 simultaneously to enable the pier column assembly to sink to sit at the bottom and fix the pier column assembly on the seabed.

In S3, when the floating pier 1 is filled with water, pumping out the water in the floating pier 1 through the pipeline 6 to float the net cage structure and transport the net cage structure to a new installation sea area for installation; when the bottom of the floating pier 1 and the hollow column 2 is filled with fine sand, water and the fine sand in the floating pier 1 and the hollow column 2 are flushed out through the pipeline 6 to float the net cage structure, and the net cage structure is hauled to a new installation sea area for installation.

S4: lay platform layer 3 and workstation layer 4 from top to bottom in proper order at the top of hollow post 2 to lay pipeline 6 in hollow post 2, in order to obtain box with a net structure, pipeline 6 one end sets up at platform layer 3, and the pipeline 6 other end runs through the lateral wall of hollow post 2 and stretches into the inner chamber of floating pier 1.

It should be noted that, in this embodiment, two construction modes of the net cage structure are included, one of which is to prefabricate the floating pier 1, hoist the floating pier 1 to the dry dock, and pour the precast beam 7 and the hollow column 2 in the dry dock; secondly, the floating piers 1 and the hollow columns 2 are poured on the shore of the shallow sea area with extra-large astronomical tides, and the floating piers 1 and the hollow columns 2 are assembled, and the construction method of the net cage structure is specifically explained by combining the attached drawings.

Referring to fig. 12 to 17, in an embodiment, when the floating pier 1 and the hollow column 2 are prefabricated in a dry dock manner, a small dry dock is installed in the prefabricated yard, the dry dock is open, i.e., no gate is installed, the dry dock width is the width of the working space beside the floating pier 1 and the floating pier 1, the dry dock width is 15 meters on the whole, the dry dock length is the height of the floating pier 1 and the hollow column 2, the dry dock length is 30 meters + 3 meters on each end, and 36 meters on the whole, the dry dock depth is the depth of the floating pier 1 and the hollow column 2 due to tidal energy, and the dry dock bottom is 2 meters below the sea level. When the tide is reached, the dry dock is 4 meters below the sea level under +/-2 meters of big tide, the pier column assembly is sufficiently floated, and the floating piers 1 and the hollow columns 2 are transversely prefabricated in the dry dock in offshore operation to form the pier column assembly. And calculating the size and the position of the temporary buoyancy tank 23 which needs to be added in the lying and floating state of the pier stud assembly, and applying the temporary buoyancy tank 23 so as to enable the pier stud assembly to lie flat and float. And when the tide is high, the seawater floats the pier column assembly and drags and transports the pier column assembly to the installation sea area. In the process of towing the pier-column assembly, the end part of the hollow column 2 is fixed by a crane, the bottom of the floating pier 1 is pulled by a tugboat, the rotating and sinking speed of the floating pier 1 is controlled by the pulling force of the tugboat, and the floating pier 1 is irrigated and sunk and rotates 90 degrees to be vertical until the pier-column assembly is towed to a preset installation sea area.

In this embodiment, the open dry dock is installed in an offshore area where the platform 100 installed therein can be floated by an astronomical tide at a high water level, the seabed of the offshore area is leveled in advance, the circular floating pier 1 is prefabricated on the offshore land by reinforced concrete, the floating pier 1 is transported to the offshore area by a crane and placed on the leveled seabed, and the floating pier 1 is filled with water and pressed to prevent the floating pier 1 from shaking under the impact of water flow. And pouring or installing the prefabricated beam 7 between the two floating piers 1, installing or in-situ pouring the hollow column 2 on the floating piers 1, and pumping accumulated water in the floating piers 1 after the hollow column 2 is installed or poured. When a tide comes, the base (the connection body of the floating pier 1, the hollow column 2 and the prefabricated beam 7) floats under the buoyancy of seawater, and in this case, the base is hauled to an installation sea area by using a tugboat. A leveling layer 9 is preset in the installation sea area, and the leveling layer 9 can be a sand layer screened from the sea bottom or an underwater bottom-sealing concrete layer. Water is poured into the floating piers 1 and the hollow columns 2 through the pipelines 6, so that the pier column assembly sinks and sits on the leveling layer 9. And (4) after the pier column assembly is seated, performing seabed contact construction according to different seabed geological environments. Specifically, when the seabed rock is shallow and can provide friction force for resisting horizontal load, the bottom of the hollow column 2 is provided with a cone 21, and the cone 21 and the leveling layer 9 are embedded and matched; when the seabed soft soil is thick or needs to resist huge horizontal load, the pile foundation 22 is fixedly arranged on the seabed, the pile foundation 22 can be arranged at a preset position on the seabed in advance, the floating pier 1 is sunk, and the pile foundation 22 is sleeved into the hollow column 2, namely the positioning of the base is realized. And then hoisting the steel truss/concrete beam plate 8, the workbench layer 4 and the platform layer 3 to finish the installation and positioning of the net cage structure. In this embodiment, in order to improve the stability of installation of the net cage structure, sand is poured into the floating piers 1 and the hollow columns 2 through the pipelines 6 to form a fine sand layer 5, so that the horizontal load resistance of the net cage structure is improved.

When the transportation and installation of the net cage structure are realized by utilizing the extra-large astronomical tide of the open dry dock, firstly, the floating piers 1 and the prefabricated beams 7 are prefabricated on the shore land, a shallow sea area is selected for midway installation, after the floating piers 1 and the prefabricated beams 7 are installed, the columns are installed on the hollow columns 2, and the buoyancy provided by the rise of the water level during the flood tide is utilized to float the base and transport the floating piers to the target installation sea area. Specifically, the floating pier 1 is poured on the shore, and the floating pier 1 is hung into the sea by a crane, or the floating pier 1 is floated on the sea by buoyancy provided when the shore is immersed by astronomical tides. Leveling is carried out on the shallow sea bed affected by astronomical tides, the floating piers 1 are dragged to the shallow sea bed, and water is poured into the floating piers 1 to sink to a preset position and level. And (2) installing prefabricated beams 7 between the floating piers 1 to enable the floating piers 1 and the prefabricated beams 7 to be connected into a whole, installing prefabricated hollow columns 2 or cast-in-place hollow columns 2 on the floating piers 1, finishing the processing of the base, then pumping out accumulated water in the floating piers 1, transporting the base to the field for installation, and continuously installing the platform layer 3 and the workbench layer 4 until the whole structure is completed. And pumping out the accumulated water in the floating pier 1, floating the whole net cage structure and carrying to an installation site. The installation process of the net cage structure in the installation sea area and the fixing mode of the net cage structure and the seabed are the same as the dry dock mode, and the details are not repeated.

Referring to fig. 18 to 24, the floating piers 1 and the hollow columns 2 connected thereto may be horizontally laid on the water surface and towed to the installation sea area by a tugboat, the pier column assembly formed by the floating piers 1 and the hollow columns 2 may be horizontally poured in a prefabricated yard, and may enter the sea under the buoyancy when heavy tide comes, and a plurality of temporary buoyancy tanks 23 may be added as necessary to increase the buoyancy of the pier column assembly. Then, in a predetermined sea area, fixing one end of the hollow column 2 moving upwards by a crane of a crane ship, pulling one end of the sinking floating pier 1 by a cable of a tug ship, filling water into the floating pier 1, beginning sinking the floating pier 1, tensioning the towing cable by the tug ship, and controlling the sinking speed; the pier column assembly is turned by 90 degrees to be in a vertical state, is hung on a crane of a crane ship, is moved to an installation position by the assistance of a guide ship, and continues to irrigate and sink. In the embodiment, the case that the pile foundation 22 needs to be arranged is taken as an example for explanation, the hollow column 2 and a section of the pile foundation 22 exposed out of the seabed are aligned, and the floating pier 1 is sunk to enable the hollow column 2 to be sleeved on the pile foundation 22; then sealing the bottom of the underwater concrete, putting the lower pier column assembly to sit at the bottom, and extruding the sealed bottom of the underwater concrete; the hollow column 2 sinks after being irrigated, and the concrete covers the underwater concrete fixedly connected with the pile foundation 22 (a fixed position below the leveling layer) to finish the fixedly connected of the pile foundation 22 and the floating pier 1. In this embodiment, fine sand is injected into the hollow column 2, so that the space between the pile foundation 22 and the opening of the hollow column 2 is filled with sand until the sand covers the pile foundation 22 to the design elevation. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, only the barge is used for carrying a whole span steel truss, and it is needless to say that the barge can be installed by a crane, or a beam-slab structure is selected instead of a truss; the barge adjusts the horizontal and vertical positions of the truss and fixes the truss on the hollow column 2 by using the buoyancy and the assistance of a jack, and the installation is finished.

It should be noted that in fig. 12-24, the average sea level 101, the low tide level 102, the high tide level 103 and the sea bottom 104 are also shown for clear representation of the installation environment of the floating pier 1.

In addition, although the movable bottom-sitting type ocean platform net cage structure is a bottom-sitting structure, the movable bottom-sitting type ocean platform net cage structure is generally designed to be incapable of moving unless telescopic legs are designed such as a self-lifting type platform, but the manufacturing cost is very high, buoyancy is fully utilized to move, the moving method comprises the steps of disassembling the platform layer 3, the working platform layer 4 and other accessories before moving, and when moving, if the pressure in the floating pier 1 is water, accumulated water is pumped out; if the ballast weight is sand, water is pressed in through one pipeline 6 in the hollow column 2, water is pressed out from the other pipeline 6, sand is flushed away, after the sand is flushed away, accumulated water is drained, the floating pier 1 can be floated, the floating pier 1 is dragged and transported to a new installation sea area, and then installation is carried out by the construction method. In this embodiment, the floating pier 1 is large in size, the design mainly provides buoyancy, the sea water is injected to provide a ballast after the water is poured and sinks to sit on the bottom, the platform 100 is stabilized, fine sand can be injected to fill the floating pier 1 if a larger ballast is needed, and a very large ballast can provide a very stable ballast mechanism and can resist the uplift force generated under the action of the wind and wave force of the hollow column 2.

The movable bottom-sitting type marine platform net cage structure breaks through the direction that the existing net cage construction takes a steel structure as a main material, adopts reinforced concrete as a material, takes marine bridge design and construction as a blue book, and is designed in a mode of making a structure in a bottom-sitting mode. Compared with the existing large-scale automatic steel net cage breeding station, the automatic steel net cage breeding station has the following characteristics:

1. the reinforced concrete design is adopted, the natural pressed building material has good durability, the design life is more than 75 years, and the reinforced concrete can be used for three generations by farmers.

2. The underwater part is made of concrete, basically no maintenance is needed, the concrete cost is low, and the manufacturing cost is about half of that of the steel net cage.

3. The platform 100 is not a ship-type steel net cage, but can be moved by buoyancy.

4. The design can be prepared according to wind power and wave power of sea areas.

5. The platform can be used for multiple purposes, not only can be used for cage culture, but also can be used for other offshore activities.

6. Buoyancy is utilized in construction, a large-scale marine hoisting ship is not needed, and transportation and installation costs are saved.

7. After successful demonstration, the method can be popularized in a large amount, has attractive cost performance, is expected to be popularized and applied on the coastal regions of the country quickly, helps fishermen to go from offshore cultivation to open-sea cultivation, and improves the total income of fishermen.

According to the movable bottom-sitting type ocean platform net cage structure and the construction method thereof, the floating piers 1 and the hollow columns 2 which are used as underwater parts are made of reinforced concrete, so that the durability is good, the design life is long, the maintenance amount of the net cage structure is small, the service life of the net cage structure is prolonged, and the construction cost of the net cage structure and the cultivation investment cost of farmers are reduced; the pipeline 6 is pre-buried on the hollow column 2, water is filled into sand through the pipeline 6, and the buoyancy of the net cage structure is adjusted, so that the net cage structure is convenient to transfer by means of the buoyancy, a large-scale marine hoisting ship is not needed in the transferring process, and the moving operation difficulty and the transportation cost of the net cage structure are reduced.

All possible combinations of the technical features of the above embodiments may not be described for the sake of brevity, but should be considered as within the scope of the present disclosure as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the utility model. It should be noted that various changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the utility model, and these changes and modifications are all within the scope of the utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a portable formula of sitting bottom platform box with a net structure which characterized in that, includes platform and aquaculture net box, the platform includes:

the number of the floating piers is one or more;

2. The movable bottom-sitting type marine platform net cage structure according to claim 1, wherein when the number of the floating piers is plural, the plurality of floating piers are arranged at intervals, and a prefabricated beam is connected between two adjacent floating piers.

3. A mobile submersible marine platform net cage structure as claimed in claim 2 in which there are one or more hollow columns within each floating pier; when each floating pier is internally provided with a hollow column, the prefabricated beam forms a splicing position in the floating pier, and the hollow column is inserted in the splicing position; when each floating pier is internally provided with a plurality of hollow columns, the outer wall of each hollow column is respectively abutted against the outer wall of the adjacent hollow column and the inner wall of the floating pier.

4. A mobile, bottom-seated marine platform net cage structure according to claim 3, wherein there are two pipes in each hollow column, one for watering or sand-filling and the other for pumping water or sand-filling.

5. The structure of a movable bottom-seated marine platform net cage according to claim 4, wherein the bottom of the hollow column is closed and extends through the bottom of the floating pier in a direction away from the platform layer to form a cone for being embedded on a preset leveling layer on the seabed.

6. The movable submersible marine platform net cage structure of claim 4, wherein the hollow columns penetrate through the bottom of the floating pier and are provided with openings, pile foundations are inserted into the openings, and a bottom-sealing concrete layer or a sand layer is arranged between the pile foundations and the hollow columns, and the pile foundations are fixedly connected with the seabed.

7. The movable bottom-sitting type ocean platform net cage structure according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the platform layer is provided with a light steel building, the deck of the working platform layer is provided with water seepage holes, and a lift or/and a stair is/are arranged between the platform layer and the working platform layer.

8. The movable floor-standing marine platform net cage structure of claim 7, wherein the platform layer and the workbench layer are steel structures or concrete structures.

9. The structure of claim 8, wherein the number of the platforms is plural, and the plural platforms extend in a straight line direction or extend vertically along two straight lines; or the aquaculture net cages are arranged in a plane extension way and are arranged at the edge of the platform or in the aquaculture water area in the platform.

10. The structure of claim 8, wherein the number of the platforms is multiple, the multiple platforms are annularly arranged and form a closed loop, and the aquaculture net cage is arranged in the middle of the closed loop.