CN216683477U - Equal-density slender pipe fitting side surface press forming equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

A side surface pressing forming device and a side surface pressing forming method of an equal-density powder slender pipe fitting can press an equal-density slender pipe body with a large length-diameter ratio by using powder. The method is characterized in that the size of a powder containing cavity is determined by adopting a side synchronous isobaric compression forming principle according to the requirement of the elongated pipe body to be pressed on the compression ratio of powder, a main oil cylinder synchronously carries out side pressing on six side sliding pressing blocks through an upper punching head, the pipe body and the wall thickness are smaller, the compression density of powder on the pipe wall of the elongated pipe body is equal under the action of the same side pressure, and the length-diameter ratio of the elongated pipe body to be pressed is not limited according to the forming scheme in a theoretical angle. The solution can ideally solve the deficiencies of the prior art. The equal-density slender pipe fitting side surface pressing forming equipment is scientific and ingenious in design principle, simple in forming die structure and convenient and fast to press, and solves the problem that the existing pressing method cannot be used for equal-density slender pipe fittings.

Description

Equal-density slender pipe fitting side surface press forming equipment

The technical field is as follows:

the utility model relates to a compression molding device and a compression molding method for powder-pressed pipes.

Background art:

the powder pressed pipe fitting is formed by pressing powder raw materials by a hydraulic forming machine and a pressing die according to a specific forming process, however, the existing pressing method is generally a scheme that an up-and-down moving hydraulic press is matched with a pipe body die consisting of a pipe type upper die, a pipe type lower die and a die mandrel to press, in the scheme, the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the pipe body to be pressed are the same, the typical pressing scheme can only press the pipe fitting with the length-diameter ratio smaller than 3, for the pipe fitting with the length-diameter ratio larger than 3, the pipe wall density of the pipe body generates larger difference, the larger the length-diameter ratio is, the larger the density difference of the pipe body wall is, the conventional pressing method can not press the long and thin pipe body with the equal density of pipe wall powder, and the long and thin pipe body with the equal density is a key part on scientific research instruments and special equipment in many fields of aerospace, war industry, machinery, medical chemistry and the like, in particular, the powder pressed pieces with the length-diameter ratio of more than 5 are equal-density pressed pieces which cannot be realized by conventional pressing in the whole industry. The existing technical scheme can not meet the design requirements of products. The market at present urgently needs the forming and pressing equipment for the equal-density pressed piece of the slender pipe body.

The utility model has the following contents:

the utility model aims to provide a side surface press forming device and a side surface press forming method for an equal-density powder slender pipe fitting, which can press a large length-diameter ratio equal-density slender pipe body by using powder.

The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows:

a kind of slender pipe fittings side of equal density presses the former, its characteristic is: the device comprises a base, supporting seats, a lower die seat, a side sliding pressing block, a movable powder adding device, a movable material sealing plate device, an upper punching head, a movable guide plate, an upper fixing plate, a main oil cylinder, a fast-forward oil cylinder, guide posts and a die mandrel, wherein the two supporting seats are symmetrically fixed at the upper end of the base, the base is fixedly provided with four vertical guide posts, the movable guide plate is sleeved on the four guide posts, the upper fixing plate is fixedly arranged at the upper ends of the four guide posts, the main oil cylinder and the fast-forward oil cylinder are both fixed on the upper fixing plate, the piston rod of the fast-forward oil cylinder and the piston rod of the main oil cylinder are both fixed on the movable guide plate, the upper punching head is fixedly connected on the lower end surface of the movable guide plate, the lower die seat is fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of the base, the lower die seat comprises a base seat, a sliding groove and a sharp-angle seat, more than three sliding grooves are uniformly arranged on the base seat along the circumferential direction, a sharp corner seat is formed between every two adjacent sliding grooves, and the diameter of a circle where the corner seat tip of the sharp corner seat is located is the same as the outer diameter of the pipe fitting to be pressed; the lateral sliding pressing block comprises a guide block, a pressure block, a forming arc surface, a limit surface and an action surface, the diameter of the forming arc surface is the same as the outer diameter of a pipe fitting to be pressed, the guide block of the lateral sliding pressing block is installed in a sliding groove in a precise sliding fit mode, an automatic reset structure is arranged between the lateral sliding pressing block and a lower die base, a movable powder adding device and a movable material sealing plate device are arranged on the upper end surface of a combination of the lateral sliding pressing block and the lower die base, a die core shaft is arranged at the central position of the lower die base, a die core shaft, a sharp-corner seat, a lateral sliding pressing block and the upper end surface of a basic base of the lower die base are enclosed to form a powder containing cavity, the volume of the powder containing cavity is the product of the volume of the pipe fitting to be pressed and the powder compression ratio in a powder adding state, the movable powder adding device comprises a powder adding hopper and a powder hopper oil cylinder, the powder adding hopper is connected with a piston rod of the powder hopper oil cylinder, and a cylinder body of the powder hopper oil cylinder is hinged with a support base, the powder adding hopper is inserted into a guide rail formed by two guide rail plates, and a powder outlet of the powder adding hopper is positioned in the range of the upper end surface of the powder containing cavity; the movable material sealing plate device comprises guide rail plates, material sealing plates and a material sealing oil cylinder, wherein the material sealing plates are connected with a piston rod of the material sealing oil cylinder, a cylinder body of the material sealing oil cylinder is hinged with a support seat fixed on the base, the material sealing plates are inserted into a guide rail formed by the two guide rail plates, and the material sealing plates are positioned at the top of the powder containing cavity after powder is added; the upper punch is provided with a pressurizing structure for synchronously pressurizing the action surfaces of all the side sliding pressing blocks, the upper punch moves downwards, and the pressurizing structure forces all the side sliding pressing blocks to synchronously move towards the center under pressure along the sliding grooves on the lower die seat.

Further, the automatic reset structure arranged between the side sliding pressing block and the lower die holder is as follows: the limit surface of the side surface sliding pressing block is provided with a countersunk hole, the butt joint side surface of the sharp-angled seat is provided with a threaded hole, the threaded hole corresponds to the position of the corresponding countersunk hole on the limit surface, the adjusting bolt is sleeved in the countersunk hole, the threaded end of the adjusting bolt is screwed in the threaded hole, and the reset spring is sleeved on the adjusting bolt and is positioned between the side surface sliding pressing block and the butt joint side surface of the sharp-angled seat.

Further, the radial limit structure who is equipped with between side slip briquetting and die holder does: a reset spring is arranged between a pressure block of the side face sliding pressing block and the butt joint side face of the sharp-angled seat, a limiting sliding groove is arranged at the bottom of the side face sliding pressing block, and a complex radial limiting part is arranged on the upper end face of the base seat.

Furthermore, two return springs are arranged between the pressure block of the side surface sliding pressing block and the butt joint side surface of the sharp-angled seat at intervals along the height direction.

Furthermore, the number of the side sliding pressing blocks is six.

Furthermore, an inwards concave powder leakage containing cavity is arranged on the matched side surface of the side surface sliding pressing block.

Furthermore, the inward concave depth of the powder leakage containing cavity is 1-5 mm, and the powder leakage containing cavity is triangular with self-discharging performance.

Furthermore, the upper punch head is provided with a pressing surface corresponding to the action surface of the side sliding pressing block, and the conical surface angle of the pressing surface is the same as that of the action surface.

Furthermore, an avoiding notch for avoiding the powder hopper oil cylinder and the sealing oil cylinder is arranged on the upper punching head.

Furthermore, the pressing surface arranged on the upper punching head and the action surface on the side sliding pressing block are both inclined planes or conical surfaces.

The utility model relates to a method for pressing an elongated tube with large length-diameter ratio and equal density, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the specific pressing steps are as follows:

step one, adding powder

The upper punching head is in a high position, the side face sliding pressing block is in a free extension state, the powder containing cavity is in a maximum state, the powder hopper oil cylinder is started, the powder hopper oil cylinder pushes the powder adding hopper to a powder adding station, a powder outlet of the powder adding hopper is aligned to the powder containing cavity, powder in the powder adding hopper flows into the powder containing cavity, after the powder containing cavity is filled, the powder hopper oil cylinder returns the powder adding hopper to realize powder adding, at the moment, the sealing oil cylinder of the movable sealing plate device is started, the sealing plate is inserted into the guide rail plate and connected with a piston rod of the sealing oil cylinder, and the piston rod of the material oil cylinder drives the sealing plate to move to the top of the powder containing cavity to seal and cover the top of the powder containing cavity.

Step two, press forming

The movable guide plate and the upper punch head are driven to move down rapidly through the two fast-forward oil cylinders which are distributed symmetrically, when the upper punch head is in contact with the side surface sliding pressing blocks, the two fast-forward oil cylinders synchronously release pressure, the main oil cylinder is started to move down, a high-pressure pressing propulsion stage is started, at the moment, the upper punch head synchronously presses the action surfaces of the six side surface sliding pressing blocks, the six side surface sliding pressing blocks are forced to move towards the center side direction along the sliding grooves of the lower die base, and therefore powder in the powder containing cavity is pressed and formed in an equal-density mode relative to the die core shaft under the synchronous equal-pressure pressing of the six side surface sliding pressing blocks, and a long and thin pipe body with the equal density is formed;

step three, stripping

Closing the main oil cylinder, releasing pressure of the main oil cylinder, starting the two fast-forward oil cylinders, enabling the movable guide plate strip and the upper stamping head to synchronously and quickly move upwards, and then, synchronously resetting and moving six side surface sliding press blocks outwards along the sliding grooves under the action of the resetting springs to realize lateral synchronous demoulding; then starting a material sealing oil cylinder of the movable material sealing plate device, wherein the material sealing oil cylinder drives the material sealing plate to be drawn back and moves to an original position (a state to be powdered), so that the top of the pressed slender pipe body is in an open state;

step four, get the thing piece

After the third step is finished, the pressed slender pipe body is manually held or held by a manipulator and taken out along the axial direction, and a finished product can be obtained.

And the process is circulated.

The utility model provides a side surface compression molding device for an equal-density slender pipe fitting, which adopts a side surface synchronous equal-pressure compression molding principle, determines the size of a powder containing cavity according to the compression ratio requirement of a slender pipe body to be molded on powder, adopts a corresponding hydraulic oil cylinder as a main oil cylinder, and synchronously performs side surface compression on six side surface sliding press blocks through an upper punch head. Experiments prove that the device can ideally solve the defects of the prior art.

The equal-density slender pipe fitting side surface pressing forming equipment is scientific and ingenious in design principle, simple in forming die structure and convenient and fast to press, and solves the problem that the existing pressing method cannot be used for equal-density slender pipe fittings.

Description of the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention with two guide posts removed;

FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the distribution structure of a pressing mold, a movable powder adding device and a movable material sealing plate device of a slender pipe body on a base;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the working principle of the forming mold of the present invention, in a powder-added state;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the working principle of the forming mold of the present invention, in a side-press forming state;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a top view of the lower die holder of FIG. 5;

FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of the lower die holder of FIG. 5;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a sliding side press block;

FIG. 10 is another schematic structural view of a side sliding press block (with a concave cavity on the mating side);

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of one configuration of the upper punch;

FIG. 12 shows another radial position-limiting structure between the lateral sliding pressing block 4 and the sharp-angled seat 33; in the figure: 1-a base; 2-a support seat; 3-a lower die holder; 4-sliding pressing block on the side surface; 5-moving the powder adding device; 6-moving a material sealing plate device; 7-upper punch head; 8-a movable guide plate; 9-upper fixing plate; 10-a master cylinder; 11-a fast forward cylinder; 12-a guide post; 13-a die mandrel; 14-a return spring; 15-adjusting the bolt; 16-the pipe fitting to be pressed; 17-powder containing cavity; 31-a base; 32-a slipping groove; 33-sharp corner seat; 34-angular seat tip; 35-butt side; 36-a radial stop; 37-a threaded hole; 41-a guide block; 42-a pressure block; 43-forming a cambered surface; 44-limit plane; 45-acting surface; 46-a limiting chute; 47-countersunk; 48-mating side; 49-powder leakage cavity; 51-powder adding hopper; 52-powder hopper cylinder; 61-a guide rail plate; 62-sealing plate; 63-sealing the material oil cylinder; 71-pressing and jointing surface; 72-avoid the gap.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

the following description of the embodiments of the present invention refers to the accompanying drawings:

example 1:

a side pressing forming device for an equal-density slender pipe fitting is disclosed, as shown in figures 1-12, and comprises a base 1, a supporting seat 2, a lower die seat 3, a side sliding pressing block 4, a movable powder adding device 5, a movable material sealing plate device 6, an upper punching head 7, a movable guide plate 8, an upper fixing plate 9, a main oil cylinder 10, a fast-forward oil cylinder 11, guide posts 12, a die core shaft 13 and a reset spring 14, wherein the base 1 is provided with four vertical guide posts 12, the movable guide plate 8 is sleeved on the four guide posts 12, the lower die seat 3 is fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of the base 1, the side sliding pressing block 4 is arranged on the lower die seat 3 in a precise sliding fit manner, the upper end surface of a combination of the side sliding pressing block 4 and the lower die seat 3 is provided with the movable powder adding device 5 and the movable material sealing plate device 6, the upper punching head 7 is fixedly arranged on the lower end surface of the movable guide plate 8, the main oil cylinder 10 and the fast-forward oil cylinder 11 are both fixed on the upper fixing plate 9, a piston rod of a fast-feeding oil cylinder 11 is fixed on a movable guide plate 8, a piston rod of a main oil cylinder 10 is fixedly connected with an upper punch head 7, a die core shaft 13 is arranged at the central position of a lower die holder 3, the lower die holder 3 comprises a base seat 31, a sliding groove 32 and a sharp corner seat 33, the diameter of a circle where a corner seat tip 34 of the sharp corner seat 33 is located is the same as the outer diameter of a pipe piece 16 to be pressed, a side surface sliding pressing block 4 comprises a guide block 41, a pressure block 42, a forming arc surface 43, a limit surface 44 and an action surface 45, the diameter of the forming arc surface 43 is the same as the outer diameter of the pipe piece 16 to be pressed, when in a powder adding state, the volume of a powder containing cavity 17 is the product of the volume of the pipe piece 16 to be pressed and a powder compression ratio, and the volume of the powder containing cavity 17 is the volume enclosed and surrounded by the die core shaft 13, the base seat 31, the sharp corner seat 33 and the side surface sliding pressing block 4 of the lower die holder 3; the movable powder adding device 5 comprises a powder adding hopper 51 and a powder hopper oil cylinder 52, the powder adding hopper 51 is connected with a piston rod of the powder hopper oil cylinder 52, a cylinder body of the powder hopper oil cylinder 52 is fixed on the supporting seat 2 or the lower die seat 3, the powder adding hopper 51 is inserted into a guide rail formed by two guide rail plates 61, and a powder outlet of the powder adding hopper 51 is positioned in the range of the upper end surface of the powder containing cavity 17; the movable material sealing plate device 6 comprises guide rail plates 61, material sealing plates 62 and material sealing oil cylinders 63, the material sealing plates 62 are connected with piston rods of the material sealing oil cylinders 63, cylinder bodies of the material sealing oil cylinders 63 are fixed on the base 1, the material sealing plates 62 are inserted into a guide rail formed by the two guide rail plates 61, and the material sealing plates 62 are positioned at the tops of the powder containing cavities 17 after powder is added.

In this example, the return springs 14 are provided between the pressure block 42 of the side sliding pressure block 4 and the abutting side surface 35 of the acute angle seat 33, two sets of the return springs 14 are provided at intervals in the height direction, and two sets of the return springs 14 are provided symmetrically in the radial direction of the acute angle seat 33. A counter bore 47 is arranged on the limit face 44 of the side face sliding pressing block 4, a threaded hole 37 is arranged on the pointed seat 33 and the position, corresponding to the counter bore 47, on the limit face 44, a return spring 14 is sleeved on the adjusting bolt 15, the adjusting bolt 15 is sleeved in the counter bore 47, and the threaded end of the adjusting bolt 15 is screwed in the threaded hole 37. Therefore, an automatic reset structure is formed between the side sliding pressing block 4 and the lower die holder 3, and when the upper punching head 7 moves upwards and is separated from the action surface of the side sliding pressing block 4, all the side sliding pressing blocks 4 can automatically retreat to the original position from the sliding grooves 32 on the lower die holder 3, so that the demolding is facilitated. The inner concave powder leakage containing cavity 49 is arranged on the matching side surface 48 of the side surface sliding pressing block 4, so that the matching area can be reduced, the moving resistance can be reduced, and trace powder leaked from a matching gap in the side pressing process can be stored, the inner concave depth of the powder leakage containing cavity 49 is 1-5 mm, the powder leakage containing cavity 49 is in a triangular shape with self-discharging performance, the upper punching head 7 is provided with a pressing surface 71 corresponding to the action surface 45 of the side surface sliding pressing block 4, the conical surface angle of the pressing surface 71 is the same as that of the action surface 45, and the upper punching head 7 is provided with an avoiding gap 72 for avoiding the powder hopper oil cylinder 52 and the material sealing oil cylinder 63.

Example 2: the radial limiting structure arranged between the bottom of the side sliding pressing block 4 and the upper end face of the base seat 31 is as follows: the bottom of the side sliding pressing block 4 is provided with a limiting sliding chute 46, and the upper end surface of the base seat 31 is provided with a radial limiting piece 36.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, all technical solutions provided with equivalent functions without departing from the principle of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A kind of slender pipe fittings side of equal density presses the former, its characteristic is: comprises a base (1), supporting seats (2), a lower die seat (3), a lateral sliding pressing block (4), a movable powder adding device (5), a movable material sealing plate device (6), an upper punching head (7), a movable guide plate (8), an upper fixing plate (9), a main oil cylinder (10), a fast forward oil cylinder (11), guide posts (12) and a die core shaft (13), wherein the two supporting seats (2) are symmetrically fixed at the upper end of the base (1), the base (1) is fixed with four vertical guide posts (12), the movable guide plate (8) is sleeved on the four guide posts (12), the upper fixing plate (9) is fixedly arranged at the upper ends of the four guide posts (12), the main oil cylinder (10) and the fast forward oil cylinder (11) are both fixed on the upper fixing plate (9), and a piston rod of the main oil cylinder (11) and a piston rod of the main oil cylinder (10) are both fixed on the movable guide plate (8), the upper punching head (7) is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the movable guide plate (8), the lower die holder (3) is fixedly installed on the upper end face of the base (1), the lower die holder (3) comprises a base seat (31), more than three sliding grooves (32) and sharp corner seats (33), the base seat (31) is uniformly provided with more than three sliding grooves (32) along the circumferential direction, a sharp corner seat (33) is formed between every two adjacent sliding grooves (32), and the diameter of a circle where a corner seat tip (34) of each sharp corner seat (33) is located is the same as the outer diameter of a pipe fitting (16) to be pressed; the lateral sliding pressing block (4) comprises a guide block (41), a pressure block (42), a forming arc surface (43), a limit surface (44) and an acting surface (45), the diameter of the forming arc surface (43) is the same as the outer diameter of a pipe fitting (16) to be pressed, the guide block (41) of the lateral sliding pressing block (4) is installed in a sliding groove (32) in a precise sliding fit mode, an automatic resetting structure is arranged between the lateral sliding pressing block (4) and a lower die seat (3), a movable powder adding device (5) and a movable material sealing plate device (6) are arranged on the upper end surface of a combination of the lateral sliding pressing block (4) and the lower die seat (3), a die core shaft (13) is arranged at the central position of the lower die seat (3), a combined powder containing cavity (17) is enclosed between the die core shaft (13), a sharp corner seat (33), the lateral sliding pressing block (4) and the upper end surface of a base seat (31) of the lower die seat (3), when in a powder adding state, the volume of the powder containing cavity (17) is the product of the volume of a pipe fitting (16) to be pressed and the powder compression ratio, the movable powder adding device (5) comprises a powder adding hopper (51) and a powder hopper oil cylinder (52), the powder adding hopper (51) is connected with a piston rod of the powder hopper oil cylinder (52), a cylinder body of the powder hopper oil cylinder (52) is hinged with a supporting seat (2) fixed on a base (1), the powder adding hopper (51) is inserted into a guide rail formed by two guide rail plates (61), and a powder outlet of the powder adding hopper (51) is positioned in the range of the upper end face of the powder containing cavity (17); the movable material sealing plate device (6) comprises guide rail plates (61), material sealing plates (62) and material sealing oil cylinders (63), the material sealing plates (62) are connected with piston rods of the material sealing oil cylinders (63), cylinder bodies of the material sealing oil cylinders (63) are hinged with supporting seats (2) fixed on the base (1), the material sealing plates (62) are inserted into a guide rail formed by the two guide rail plates (61), and the material sealing plates (62) are positioned at the tops of the powder containing cavities (17) after powder is added; the upper punch head (7) is provided with a pressurizing structure for synchronously pressurizing action surfaces (45) of all the side sliding pressing blocks (4), the upper punch head (7) moves downwards, and the pressurizing structure forces all the side sliding pressing blocks (4) to synchronously move towards the center under pressure along the sliding grooves (32) on the lower die base (3).

2. The apparatus of claim 1 for compression molding the sides of an elongated, equidense tubular member, wherein: the automatic reset structure arranged between the lateral sliding pressing block (4) and the lower die holder (3) is as follows: a limit face (44) of the side face sliding pressing block (4) is provided with a counter bore (47), a butt joint side face (35) of the sharp-angle seat (33) is provided with a threaded hole (37), the threaded hole (37) corresponds to the position, corresponding to the counter bore (47), of the limit face (44), the adjusting bolt (15) is sleeved in the counter bore (47), the threaded end of the adjusting bolt (15) is screwed in the threaded hole (37), and the reset spring (14) is sleeved on the adjusting bolt (15) and located between the side face sliding pressing block (4) and the butt joint side face (35) of the sharp-angle seat (33).

3. The apparatus of claim 1 for compression molding the sides of an elongated, equidense tubular member, wherein: the radial limiting structure arranged between the lateral sliding pressing block (4) and the lower die holder (3) is as follows: a return spring (14) is arranged between a pressure block (42) of the side surface sliding pressing block (4) and a butt joint side surface (35) of the sharp-angle seat (33), a limiting sliding groove (46) is arranged at the bottom of the side surface sliding pressing block (4), and a radial limiting part (36) is arranged on the upper end surface of the base seat (31).

4. The apparatus of claim 2 or 3 for forming an elongated, equal-density pipe by side press forming, wherein: two return springs (14) are arranged between the pressure block (42) of the side sliding press block (4) and the butt joint side face (35) of the sharp-angle seat (33) at intervals along the height direction.

5. The apparatus of claim 1 for compression molding the sides of an elongated, equidense tubular member, wherein: the number of the side sliding pressing blocks (4) is six.

6. The apparatus of claim 1 for compression molding the sides of an elongated, equidense tubular member, wherein: an inwards concave powder leakage containing cavity (49) is arranged on the matching side surface (48) of the side surface sliding pressing block (4).

7. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein: the concave depth of the powder leakage containing cavity (49) is 1-5 mm, and the shape of the powder leakage containing cavity (49) is a triangle with self-discharging performance.

8. The apparatus of claim 1 for compression molding the sides of an elongated, equidense tubular member, wherein: the upper punching head (7) is provided with a pressurizing structure which is as follows: the upper punching head (7) is provided with a pressing surface (71) corresponding to an action surface (45) on the side sliding pressing block (4), and the pressing surface (71) and the action surface (45) on the side sliding pressing block (4) are inclined planes or conical surfaces.

9. The apparatus of claim 1 for compression molding the sides of an elongated, equidense tubular member, wherein: an avoiding gap (72) for avoiding the powder hopper oil cylinder (52) and the sealing oil cylinder (63) is arranged on the upper stamping head (7).

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