CN216636211U - Insufficient-power battery and full-power battery exchange device based on electric vehicle - Google Patents
Insufficient-power battery and full-power battery exchange device based on electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN216636211U CN216636211U CN202123104917.0U CN202123104917U CN216636211U CN 216636211 U CN216636211 U CN 216636211U CN 202123104917 U CN202123104917 U CN 202123104917U CN 216636211 U CN216636211 U CN 216636211U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a power-shortage battery and full-charge battery exchange device based on an electric vehicle, which comprises a battery automatic extracting and conveying unit and a battery automatic unlocking, dismounting, mounting and locking unit; the utility model mainly solves the problems of automatic extraction, transportation and supply of full-charge batteries of the electric automobile battery replacement vehicles and receiving, transportation and warehousing of insufficient-charge batteries; the utility model realizes automation, so that the full-charge battery can be automatically extracted, conveyed and supplied, and the insufficient-charge battery can be received, conveyed and warehoused very easily, and as the manipulator can slide left and right and can be randomly positioned at different positions and heights, the effective capacity of the battery storage and charging device can be greatly improved, and the battery changing speed can be greatly improved; the battery replacement efficiency is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the field of electric automobiles, and particularly relates to equipment for automatically extracting, conveying and supplying full-charge batteries of vehicles and receiving, conveying and warehousing insufficient-charge batteries.
Background
With the large popularization of electric automobiles and the long consumption of the electric automobiles in the charging process; how to rapidly and effectively supply electric energy for the electric automobile becomes a problem which is urgently concerned by an owner. Thus, battery replacement is a concern.
The existing market for replacing batteries is basically one vehicle for one electricity and one electricity for one station, so that a large amount of resource waste is caused, and the development of the electricity replacement industry is seriously influenced. If the battery replacement of multiple models of vehicles can be realized by one battery replacement station, the dilemma is solved easily.
The battery replacement scheme is usually performed in a special electric vehicle power exchange station. The power-shortage battery on the electric automobile is accurately dismounted by the power-replacement trolley in the power-replacement process, and the fully-charged battery is replaced on the electric automobile. In this process, the extraction, transport, supply and reception, transport and warehousing of the batteries are particularly important.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides a power-shortage battery and full-charge battery exchange device based on an electric vehicle.
The technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:
the exchange device for the insufficient-charge battery and the full-charge battery based on the electric vehicle comprises an automatic battery extracting and conveying device, an automatic battery unlocking, disassembling, installing and locking device for the electric vehicle, an insufficient-charge battery and full-charge battery exchange device and a battery pack storage and charging management device;
the automatic battery extracting and conveying device is used for automatically extracting and conveying batteries;
the device for automatically unlocking, disassembling, installing and locking the battery of the electric vehicle also comprises the steps of automatically unlocking, disassembling, installing and locking the battery of the electric vehicle to be replaced;
the insufficient battery and full battery exchange device is used for automatically unlocking, disassembling, installing and locking the device with the electric vehicle battery and the automatic battery extracting and conveying device to realize the exchange of the insufficient battery and the full battery;
the battery pack storage and charging management device is used for charging and storing batteries;
the battery automatic unlocking, disassembling, installing and locking device comprises an unlocking device, a second lifting device and a traveling device;
the unlocking device comprises an unlocking device arranged on a worm gear driven screw lifting device of the lifting device;
the lifting device is arranged on the walking device;
the traveling device drives the whole machine to move back and forth to realize battery transfer and exchange;
the lifting device drives the unlocking device to move up and down to realize the receiving and exchanging of the battery;
the unlocking device unlocks and unloads the vehicle power-lack battery and installs and locks the fully charged battery to realize the battery replacement process of the vehicle;
the automatic battery extracting and conveying device comprises a four-column type frame, a walking device, a steel ball type four-column lifting screw, a manipulator, a top guide device, a lifting transmission device and a control system;
the walking device, the steel ball type four-column lifting screw, the manipulator, the top guide device, the lifting transmission device and the control system are all arranged on the four-column type frame, and the manipulator is arranged on the lifting screw;
the walking device and the top guide device realize the walking function of the conveying device;
the walking device is arranged at the rear lower end of the four-column type frame;
the steel ball type four-column lifting screw and the lifting transmission device are respectively arranged at the lower part and the upper part in the four-column type rack frame and realize the height adjustment and positioning of the manipulator;
the control system controls the whole machine to set the position of the storage vertical grid battery to stop, and the whole machine is accurately positioned under the double functions of a servo motor-brake device and a worm gear speed reducer self-locking function;
the two groups of parallelly distributed mechanical arms are respectively matched with a first servo motor control system, a second servo motor control system, a third servo motor control system and a fourth servo motor control system, so that the functions of electricity taking, full-charge battery conveying, insufficient-charge battery receiving and insufficient-charge battery conveying are achieved.
Furthermore, the steel ball type four-column lifting screw consists of a lifting screw lower supporting bearing, a lifting screw, a lifting nut, a manipulator transmission device, a screw wheel type lifting transmission device, a bevel gear transmission and power distribution device and a servo motor II;
the four lifting screws are respectively arranged on the bottom cross beam through the lower supporting bearings of the lifting screws, and the two manipulators and the manipulator transmission device are arranged on the longitudinal beam; the longitudinal beam is sleeved on the four lifting screws;
the steel ball type four-column lifting screw is driven by the lifting transmission device to rotate, the lifting transmission device is lifted and lowered by adjusting the steering direction of the servo motor II, and the lifting transmission device stops when the lifting transmission device is lifted or lowered to a set height;
the servo motor drives the worm gear reducer to rotate, the worm gear reducer drives the gear set to rotate, the gear set drives the rack and the whole machine to do linear motion along the direction of the rack when rotating on the rack, and the forward and reverse linear motion of the whole machine is realized by adjusting the forward and reverse rotation of the servo motor.
Furthermore, the two groups of manipulators distributed in parallel can move leftwards and rightwards under the drive of the second servo motor and stop at a set position, and the accurate positioning is realized under the brake function of the second servo motor;
the servo motor II drives a worm gear reducer to rotate, the worm gear reducer drives a gear set to rotate, the gear set drives the rack and the whole machine to do linear motion along the direction of the rack when rotating on the rack, and the forward and reverse linear motion of the whole machine is realized by adjusting the forward and reverse rotation of the servo motor II;
the control system controls the whole machine to stop when the battery is at the set transfer platform position, the two groups of manipulators distributed in parallel move towards the transfer platform under the driving of the servo motor II, the manipulator stops at the set position, the transfer platform receives the battery, and the full-charge battery conveying process is completed;
the lifting transmission device drives the lifting screw to rotate, so that the manipulator stops when descending to a set position, the insufficient-power battery is received, the manipulator stops when returning to the initial origin, and the insufficient-power battery receiving process is completed;
the servo motor II drives a worm gear reducer to rotate, the worm gear reducer drives a gear set to rotate, the gear set drives the rack and the whole machine to do linear motion along the direction of the rack when rotating on the rack, and the forward and reverse linear motion of the whole machine is realized by adjusting the forward and reverse rotation of the servo motor;
the control system controls the whole machine to stop when the battery is set at the idle position of the battery storage bin, the two groups of manipulators distributed in parallel move towards the battery storage bin under the driving of the servo motor and stop at the set position, the lifting transmission rod drives the lifting screw rod to rotate so that the manipulator stops when the insufficient-power battery is completely placed on the battery bracket of the battery storage bin, and meanwhile, the manipulator stops when returning to the initial origin, and the conveying and warehousing process of the insufficient-power battery is finished.
Furthermore, the unlocking device comprises an unlocking device mounting plate, a locking device pull rod, a locking pin ejector rod, a positioning taper pin and a locking device pull rod driving electric cylinder;
when the unlocking device is driven by the lifting device to move upwards to a certain height, the ejector pin of the locking pin pushes the locking pin in the battery locking frame on the vehicle, the locking of the locking pin on the locking slide bar in the battery locking frame on the vehicle is released, the pull rod of the locking device pushes the locking slide bar in the battery locking frame on the vehicle to move towards the unlocking direction under the action of the driving electric cylinder of the pull rod of the locking device, the locking of the locking slide bar in the battery locking frame on the vehicle on the battery is released, at the moment, the unlocking device moves downwards under the driving of the lifting device to drive the battery to leave the vehicle, and the battery unlocking and dismounting processes are completed;
the unlocking device with the fully charged battery is driven by the lifting device to move upwards to a certain height, the battery enters a battery locking frame on the vehicle, meanwhile, a locking pin ejector rod pushes a locking pin in the battery locking frame on the vehicle to unlock a locking slide bar in the battery locking frame on the vehicle, a locking device pull rod drives a locking cylinder to push the locking slide bar in the battery locking frame on the vehicle to move towards a locking direction under the action of the locking device pull rod, the locking slide bar in the battery locking frame on the vehicle locks the battery, at the moment, the unlocking device is driven by the lifting device to move downwards to leave the vehicle, and the battery installation and locking process is finished.
Furthermore, the lifting device comprises a worm gear driven screw lifting device, a transmission shaft, a coupler, a conical gear transmission device, a servo motor IV and a lifting device mounting plate;
the first lifting device is driven by a servo motor, power distribution is carried out through three groups of bevel gear transmission devices, one servo motor drives four screw lifting devices simultaneously, and synchronization of the lifting devices is realized; the worm gear transmission is adopted to drive the screw rod to lift, the worm gear transmission and the screw rod have a self-locking function simultaneously, and the servo motor has a braking function.
Furthermore, the insufficient-power battery and full-power battery exchange device comprises a bearing, a lower supporting plate, a third lifting screw, a third lifting nut, a transfer supporting plate, an upper supporting plate, a worm gear lifter, a sixth servo motor and a commutator;
the lower supporting plate, the upper supporting plate and the upper beam form a supporting part of the automatic battery conversion device,
the four lifting screw rods are respectively arranged on the upper supporting plate and the lower supporting plate through bearings, and the front transfer supporting plate and the rear transfer supporting plate are respectively arranged on the front lifting screw rod III and the rear lifting screw rod III; the worm gear elevator performs power distribution through three groups of bevel gear transmission devices, realizes that one servo motor drives four screw rod elevating devices simultaneously, and realizes the synchronization of the elevating devices; the worm gear transmission is adopted to drive the screw rod to lift, the worm gear transmission and the screw rod have a self-locking function simultaneously, and the servo motor has a braking function.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that:
the automatic battery extracting and conveying device, the automatic battery unlocking and disassembling device, the automatic battery unlocking and assembling device, the insufficient battery and the full-charge battery exchanging device of the electric vehicle are matched, the functions of electricity taking, full-charge battery conveying, insufficient battery receiving and insufficient battery conveying are achieved, and the electricity changing efficiency is greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a chassis battery replacement system of a pure electric passenger car;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic battery extracting and conveying device based on battery replacement of an electric vehicle according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a four-column type frame of the automatic battery extracting and conveying device based on electric automobile battery replacement;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a steel ball type four-column lifting screw of the automatic battery extracting and conveying device based on electric vehicle battery replacement of the utility model;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a traveling device of the automatic battery extracting and conveying device based on electric automobile battery replacement of the utility model;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for automatically unlocking, disassembling, and assembling and locking a battery of an electric vehicle according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the unlocking device of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a second unlocking device of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a second lifting device of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the walking device of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a battery locking assembly corresponding to the unlocking device of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic battery switching device according to the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a battery pack storage and charging management apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the flow chart of the automatic battery extracting and transporting system of the present invention;
wherein: 1-automatic battery extraction and transportation device; 2-automatic adjusting and positioning device; 3-device for automatically unlocking, disassembling, installing and locking the battery of the electric vehicle; 4-battery pack storage and charging management means; 5-battery pack storage and charging management means; 6-fire protection and safety control devices; 7-a charge control device; 8-a battery replacement control device;
11-four-column type frame; 12-a walking device; 13-steel ball type four-column lifting screw; 14-a robot arm; 15-top rail; 16-a lifting transmission device; 17-a control system;
1101-bottom stringer; 1102-a bottom rail; 1103-upright post; 1104-top stringer; 1105-elevator mounting support; 1106-upper guide;
1201-lifting screw lower support bearing; 1202-lifting nut one; 1203-lifting the screw rod I; 1204-a manipulator; 1205-mechanical arm transmission (including servo motor three); 1206-screw wheel type lifting transmission device; 1207-bevel gear transmission and power distribution means; 1208-servo motor II;
1301-a rack; 1302-gear; 1303-mounting plate of running gear; 1304-a reducer; 1305-a servo motor I;
31-an unlocking device; 32-a second lifting device; 33-a running gear;
3101-unlocking device mounting plate; 3102-locking the device toggle; 3103-locking pin ejector pin; 3104-positioning the taper pin; 3105-the locking device drives the electric cylinder by pulling the rod;
3201-worm gear driven screw lifting device; 3202-drive shaft; 3203-coupling; 3204-toothed gearing; 3205-servo motor IV; 3206-a lifting device mounting plate;
3301-walking wheels; 3302-rack; 3303-mounting the running gear; 3304-gear; 3305-speed reducer; 3306-servo motor five;
3601-a locking pin; 3602-unlocking a slide bar; 3603-positioning a taper pin support;
41-a bearing; 42-lower support plate; 43-lifting screw rod III; 44-lifting nut III; 45-transfer supporting plate; 46-an upper supporting plate; 47-worm wheel long descending machine; 48-servo motor six; 49-a commutator;
51-a column; 52-transverse corbel; 53-longitudinal corbel; 54-a battery tray; 55-a battery stopper; 56-transverse tension beam; 57-transverse tie beam coupling; 58-charging plug assembly.
Detailed Description
The utility model will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
the battery replacing steps in the prior art are as follows:
and 1, identifying different vehicles, different vehicle types and vehicles of different enterprises by vehicle and station authentication, searching and matching the vehicles to share the battery replacement station. Before entering the shared power swapping station, the station end and the vehicle identify each other, and the whole process of handshake is interacted.
2 after the vehicle positioning battery replacing vehicle enters the battery replacing station and is parked on the battery replacing platform, the position of the vehicle body and the position of the battery pack have different deviations, and the deviation is corrected and corrected through adjustment in the battery replacing station, namely the alignment device, and the vehicle positioning battery replacing vehicle can be adapted to vehicles with a certain wheelbase and a certain wheelbase range.
And 3, after the initial positioning of the battery pack unlocking vehicle is finished, the battery changing machine platform is accurately positioned to the position of the battery pack to be changed through the positioning device, the battery pack to be changed is separated from the vehicle in the Z direction through the locking and unlocking structure rotated by the motor, and the liquid cooling and electric quick-change connector is disconnected.
After 5 unblocks completions are transported to 4 group battery, insufficient voltage group battery transports the battery compartment through the transport platform and charges, then transports the motor ware platform of trading from the battery compartment with full electric group battery on, waits for full electric group battery installation and lock.
After the battery pack is locked and fully charged and is transferred to the battery changing machine platform, the battery changing machine platform is accurately positioned to the position of the battery pack to be changed through the positioning device, the battery pack to be changed is connected with the vehicle in the Z direction through the locking and unlocking structure rotated by the motor, and the liquid cooling and electric quick change connectors are butted.
6 vehicle self-checking is after the group battery locking is accomplished, and the vehicle should the state carry out the self-checking, and it is normal to confirm each item state, and the self-checking project mainly includes: confirming a connecting device, confirming the connection of an electric (liquid cooling) joint, confirming high voltage and low voltage, and confirming a communication state; after the self-checking is finished, clear confirmation conclusion information is prompted to the user. And prompts are given to the next operation.
And 7, after the vehicle completes self-checking successfully, the system background can automatically settle accounts according to different settlement modes of the order, and the settlement result can be presented to the vehicle or the associated terminal of the user. And clearly showing the relevant conditions of the current order of the user.
Referring to fig. 1, a chassis battery replacement system for a pure electric passenger vehicle comprises an automatic battery extracting and conveying device 1, an automatic adjusting and positioning device 2, an automatic battery unlocking, disassembling, assembling and locking device 3 for an electric vehicle, a insufficient battery and full battery exchange device 4, a battery pack storage and charging management device 5, a fire-fighting and safety control device 6, a charging control device 7 and a battery replacement control device 8.
The automatic battery extracting and conveying device 1 based on electric vehicle battery replacement, the automatic unlocking, dismounting, mounting and locking device 3 of the electric vehicle battery, and the insufficient battery and full battery exchange device 4 are arranged in the frame of the battery pack storage and charging management device 5.
The battery pack storage and charging management device 5 is mainly used for charging and storing batteries; the batteries to be charged are charged, each battery charging point is also a battery storage point, and the storage digits of the batteries can be matched according to the requirements of users.
The automatic battery extracting and conveying device 1 is mainly used for a vehicle battery automatic extracting device, a lifting device of a battery extracting and conveying device and a running device of the battery extracting and conveying device;
that is, 1 take the battery: taking out the battery fully charged in the battery compartment by using a fork; 2, transmission: a fork is adopted to send the fully charged battery into a battery conversion device; 3, receiving a battery: receiving a battery taken down from a vehicle from a battery conversion device by using a pallet fork, and sending the battery into a bin designated by a battery bin for charging;
the four-screw lifting device is applied to vehicle battery replacement equipment, a servo motor is adopted for driving, the bevel gear distributes the power of the motor to each transmission point, and the servo motor can stop at any set position and can meet the battery replacement requirements of vehicles of different models;
the gear rack transmission is applied to the vehicle battery replacing device, the double-rack structure is adopted to run on the inner track of the battery pack storage and charging management device 5, the operation is stable, the servo motor is adopted to drive, the vehicle battery replacing device can stop at any set position, and the vehicle battery replacing device can meet the battery replacing requirements of vehicles of different vehicle types.
The device 3 for automatically unlocking, disassembling, installing and locking the battery of the electric vehicle mainly comprises the steps of taking down the battery to be charged in the vehicle by walking, exchanging the battery with the automatic battery extracting and conveying device 1 and the insufficient-charge battery and full-charge battery exchanging device 4, then placing the fully charged battery on the battery disassembling and installing device by walking, and finishing the battery converting process.
The insufficient-power battery and full-power battery exchange device 4 mainly comprises:
1. receiving a battery: when the fork of the battery extracting and conveying device sends the battery into the receiving position of the automatic battery conversion device, the battery fully charged by the upward movement of the lifting device is lifted to a certain height, so that the battery is conveniently detached and the installation device enters.
2. And (3) converting the battery: after the battery on the battery disassembling and assembling device is taken away by the battery extracting and conveying device, the battery conversion device is driven by the lifting device to move downwards, the fully charged battery is placed on the battery disassembling and assembling device, and the battery conversion process is completed.
3. Elevating gear of battery conversion equipment: the four-screw lifting device is applied to vehicle battery replacement equipment, the four-screw lifting device is driven by a servo motor, the bevel gear distributes the power of the motor to each transmission point, and the servo motor can stop at any set position and can meet the battery replacement requirements of vehicles of different models.
Namely, the device is matched with the automatic battery extracting and conveying device 1 and the automatic battery unlocking, dismounting, mounting and locking device 3 of the electric vehicle to quickly realize the exchange of a fully charged battery and a low-power battery.
The fire-fighting and safety control device 6, the charging control device 7 and the battery replacement control device 8 are arranged on the right side of the battery pack storage and charging management device 5 in sequence;
the automatic adjusting and positioning device 2 is used for solving the problems of automatic adjusting and positioning of vehicle positions with different wheel tracks and wheel bases and positioning of vehicles with different chassis heights. Make things convenient for automatic unblock of electric motor car vehicle battery, dismantle and install, the device 3 of locking to not enough electric batteries dismantles and not enough electric batteries dismantles and full electric batteries installation device will be full city electric batteries and install on the vehicle from the vehicle to not enough electric batteries installation device simultaneously.
The fire-fighting and safety control device 6 can be provided with a temperature sensor on a rechargeable battery for alarming.
Referring to fig. 2, the automatic battery extracting and conveying device (device) based on electric vehicle battery replacement comprises a four-column type frame 11, a traveling device 12, a steel ball type four-column lifting screw 13, a manipulator 14, a top guide rail 15, a lifting transmission device 16 and a control system 17.
Wherein, the walking device 12, the manipulator 14, the top guiding device 15, the lifting transmission device 16 and the control system are all arranged on the four-column type frame 11, and the manipulator 14 is arranged on the steel ball type four-column lifting screw 13; the traveling device 12 is used for traveling on rails in the battery pack storage and charging management device 5, and the top guide rail 15 is matched with the top rails of the battery pack storage and charging management device 5;
the lifting transmission device 16 is arranged at the top of the steel ball type four-column lifting screw 13;
the walking device 12 is arranged at the rear lower end of the four-column type frame 11, and the steel ball type four-column lifting screw 13 is arranged in the frame of the four-column type frame 11.
Referring to fig. 3, a four-column frame is comprised of a bottom longitudinal beam 1101, a bottom cross beam 1102, a vertical column 1103, a top longitudinal beam 1104, an elevator mounting pedestal 1105, and an upper guide 1106;
the four-column type frame comprises two pairs of bottom longitudinal beams 1101 and two pairs of bottom cross beams 1102, wherein the bottom longitudinal beams 1101 can run on a track, four upright posts 1103 stand at four corners, two top longitudinal beams 1104 form a top, and upper guide devices 1106 are arranged on the two top longitudinal beams 1104;
the lifter installation support 1105 is composed of two lateral plates and a longitudinal plate, and is disposed on the upper portion of the four-column type frame 11.
Referring to fig. 4, the steel ball type four-column lifting screw 13 is composed of a lifting screw lower support bearing 1201, a lifting screw 1203, a lifting nut I1202, a mechanical arm 1204 and a mechanical arm transmission device 1205, wherein the four lifting screws 1202 are respectively installed on a bottom cross beam 1102 through the lifting screw lower support bearing 1201, and the two mechanical arms 1204 and the mechanical arm transmission device 1205 are installed on a longitudinal beam; the longitudinal beams are sleeved on the four lifting screws 1203,
the steel ball type four-column lifting screw 13 runs stably up and down, the lifting screw 1203 has good self-locking performance, the manipulator 1204 depends on the self-locking function of the screw when extracting the battery leftwards and rightwards, the manipulator cannot sink locally to one side, and the reliability is high.
The lifting transmission device 16 is arranged at the top of the steel ball type four-column lifting screw 13;
the lifting transmission device 16 comprises a screw wheel type lifting transmission device 1206, a bevel gear transmission and power distribution device 1207 and a servo motor II 1208;
the screw wheel type lifting transmission device 1206 is arranged at the top of a lifting screw 1203 of the steel ball type four-column lifting screw 13,
the two servo motors 1208 drive three bevel gear boxes 1207 (transmission and power distribution devices), the bevel gear boxes 1207 distribute the power of the two servo motors 1208 to the four screw wheel type lifting transmission devices 1206, the four worm wheel type lifting devices 1207 (lifting devices of worm wheels) move up and down synchronously, and the two servo motors 1208 stop and position at set positions under the control of a PLC (programmable logic controller), so that the height adjustment and the positioning are realized.
Referring to fig. 5, the schematic structural diagram of the walking device is shown, and the walking device includes a rack 1301, a gear 1302, a walking device mounting plate 1303, a speed reducer 1304, and a first servo motor 1305;
the first servo motor 1305 drives the worm speed reducer 1304 to rotate, the worm speed reducer 1304 drives the gear set to rotate, the gear set drives the rack and the whole vehicle full-charge battery to automatically extract, convey and supply when rotating on the rack 1301, and the insufficient-charge battery receiving, conveying and warehousing device makes linear motion along the direction of the rack, and the forward and reverse linear motion of the whole vehicle is realized by adjusting the forward and reverse rotation of the first servo motor 1305.
The control system 17 controls the complete machine to stop at the set storage vertical grid battery position of the battery, and the complete machine is accurately positioned under the dual functions of the servo motor I1305 brake device and the worm gear speed reducer self-locking function.
Specifically, the first servo motor 1305 drives the worm speed reducer 1304 to rotate, the worm speed reducer 1304 drives the gear set to rotate, the gear set drives the rack and the whole machine to do linear motion along the rack direction when rotating on the rack 1301, and the forward and reverse linear motion of the whole machine is realized by adjusting the forward and reverse rotation of the first servo motor 1305.
The control system 17 controls the whole machine to stop at the set storage vertical grid battery position of the battery, the steel bead type four-column lifting screw 13 is driven by the lifting transmission device 16 to rotate, the lifting transmission device is lifted and descended by adjusting the steering direction of the servo motor II 1208, the lifting transmission device stops when the lifting transmission device is lifted or descended to the set height, the precise positioning of the whole machine is realized under the double functions of the servo motor II braking device and the self-locking function of the worm gear reducer, two groups of mechanical arms which are distributed in parallel can move leftwards and rightwards under the driving of the servo motor II and stop at the set position, the precise positioning is realized under the braking function of the servo motor II, the accurate battery falling position is ensured while the battery is extracted, the lifting transmission device drives the lifting screw to rotate so that the mechanical arms stop when the mechanical arms are lifted to leave the battery bracket of the battery storage bin, and the mechanical arms stop when the mechanical arms return to the initial origin, and finishing the electricity taking process.
The servo motor drives the worm gear reducer to rotate, the worm gear reducer drives the gear set to rotate, the gear set drives the rack and the whole machine to do linear motion along the direction of the rack when rotating on the rack, and the forward and reverse linear motion of the whole machine is realized by adjusting the forward and reverse rotation of the first servo motor. The control system controls the whole machine to stop when the battery is at a set transfer platform position, the two groups of manipulators distributed in parallel move towards the transfer platform under the driving of the servo motor I, the manipulator stops at the set position, the transfer platform receives the battery, and the full-charge battery conveying process is completed.
The lifting transmission device drives the lifting screw to rotate, so that the manipulator stops when descending to a set position, the insufficient-power battery is received, the manipulator stops when returning to the initial origin, and the insufficient-power battery receiving process is completed.
The servo motor drives the worm gear reducer to rotate, the worm gear reducer drives the gear set to rotate, the gear set drives the rack and the whole machine to do linear motion along the direction of the rack when rotating on the rack, and the forward and reverse linear motion of the whole machine is realized by adjusting the forward and reverse rotation of the first servo motor. The control system controls the whole machine to stop when the battery is set at the idle position of the battery storage bin, the two groups of manipulators distributed in parallel move towards the direction of the transfer platform under the driving of the servo motor I and stop at the set position, the lifting transmission rod drives the lifting screw rod to rotate so that the manipulators can be descended to the state that the power-lack battery is completely placed on the battery bracket of the battery storage bin and stop, meanwhile, the manipulators stop when returning to the initial origin, and the process of conveying and warehousing the power-lack battery is completed.
The utility model belongs to the field of electric automobile battery replacement equipment, and particularly provides a vehicle three-dimensional position automatic adjusting machine which can adjust and position a vehicle X, Y, Z in three directions, is flexible in vehicle adjustment and accurate in positioning, is particularly suitable for a vehicle position automatic adjusting device of the electric automobile battery replacement equipment, and can accurately position and replace batteries of various vehicle types by one battery replacement equipment. The utility model mainly solves the problem that the same battery replacement equipment replaces batteries of various vehicle types.
Referring to fig. 6, the device for automatically unlocking, detaching, installing and locking the battery of the electric vehicle comprises an unlocking device 31, a second lifting device 32 and a traveling device 33.
The unlocking device 31 is mounted on a screw flange of the worm gear driven screw lifting device 3201 of the second lifting device 32, and the second lifting device 32 is mounted on the walking device mounting plate 3303 of the walking device 33 through support angle steel.
The traveling device drives the whole machine to move back and forth to realize the transfer and exchange of the batteries.
The second lifting device 32 drives the unlocking device to move up and down, and battery receiving and exchanging are achieved.
The unlocking device unlocks and unlocks the vehicle power-lack battery and installs and locks the fully charged battery, so that the battery replacement process of the vehicle is realized.
Referring to fig. 7, 8 and 11, the unlocking device includes an unlocking device mounting plate 3101, a locking device pulling rod 3102, a locking pin ejector rod 3103, a positioning taper pin 3104, a locking device pulling rod driving electric cylinder 3105, and the like.
The battery locking assembly corresponding to the unlocking device comprises a locking pin 3601, an unlocking slide bar 3602 and a positioning taper pin support 3603.
When the unlocking device 31 moves upwards to a certain height under the driving of the second lifting device 32, the positioning taper pin 3104 corresponds to the positioning taper pin support 3603; the locking pin ejector rod 103 pushes the locking pin 3601 in the battery locking frame on the vehicle to unlock the locking slide bar 3602 in the battery locking frame on the vehicle by the locking pin 3601, the locking device shifting rod 3102 pushes the locking slide bar 3602 in the battery locking frame on the vehicle to move towards the unlocking direction under the action of the locking device shifting rod driving electric cylinder 3105 to unlock the battery by the locking slide bar 3602 in the battery locking frame on the vehicle, at the moment, the unlocking device 31 moves downwards under the driving of the second lifting device 32 to drive the battery to leave the vehicle, and the battery unlocking and disassembling processes are completed.
When the unlocking device 31 with the fully charged battery is driven by the second lifting device 32 to move upwards to a certain height, the battery enters a battery locking frame on the vehicle, meanwhile, the locking pin ejector 3103 pushes the locking pin 3601 in the battery locking frame on the vehicle, the locking of the locking pin 3601 on the locking slide strip 3602 in the battery locking frame on the vehicle is released, the locking device pull rod 3102 pushes the locking slide strip 3602 in the battery locking frame on the vehicle to move towards the locking direction under the action of the locking device pull rod driving electric cylinder 3105, the locking slide strip 3602 in the battery locking frame on the vehicle locks the battery, at the moment, the unlocking device moves downwards under the driving of the lifting device, leaves the vehicle, and the battery installation and locking process is completed.
Referring to fig. 9, the second lifting device 32 is composed of a worm gear driven screw lifting device 3201, a transmission shaft 3202, a coupling 3203, a bevel gear transmission device 3204, a servo motor 3205, a lifting device mounting plate 3206 and the like.
The second lifting device 32 is driven by a fourth servo motor 3205, so that multipoint accurate positioning can be realized; the power distribution is carried out through the three-cone-shaped gear transmission device 3204, so that one motor can simultaneously drive the four lifting devices II 32, the synchronization of the lifting devices can be further realized, and the control is also convenient; the worm gear transmission is adopted to drive the screw rod to lift, and because the worm gear transmission and the screw rod have a self-locking function at the same time, the servo motor has a braking function, and the height positioning is very reliable.
Referring to fig. 10, the traveling device is composed of a traveling wheel 3301, a rack 3302, a gear 3304, a traveling device mounting plate 3303, a speed reducer 3305, and a servo motor with a brake five 3306.
The five servo motors 3306 drive the worm gear speed reducer 3305 to rotate, the worm gear speed reducer 3305 drives the gear set to rotate, the gear set drives the whole machine to do linear motion between the vehicle and the transfer platform when rotating on the rack, and the positive and negative linear motion of the whole machine is realized by adjusting the positive and negative rotation of the five servo motors 3306. The control system controls the whole machine to stop at the set position of the battery, and the precise positioning of the whole machine is realized under the dual functions of the servo motor brake device and the self-locking function of the worm gear speed reducer.
Referring to fig. 12, the automatic battery switching apparatus 4 includes: the device comprises a bearing 41, a lower supporting plate 42, a lifting screw rod III 43, a lifting nut III 44, a transfer supporting plate 45, an upper supporting plate 46, a worm gear lifter 47, a servo motor VI 48 and a commutator 49.
The lower supporting plate 42, the upper supporting plate 46 and the upper beam constitute a supporting part of the automatic battery converting apparatus,
the four lifting screw rods three 43 are respectively arranged on an upper supporting plate 46 and a lower supporting plate 42 through bearings 41, and the front and the rear transfer supporting plates 45 are respectively arranged on the front and the rear groups of lifting screw rods three 43; the operation principle of the worm wheel lifter 47 shown in the figure is the same as that of the four worm wheel lifters 2207 (worm wheel lifter) shown in fig. 7.
In particular to the working steps of the automatic battery switching device,
receiving a battery: when the fork of the battery extracting and conveying device conveys the battery into the receiving position of the automatic battery conversion device, the four-screw lifting device is composed of a lifting screw rod III 43 and a lifting nut III 44, the four-screw lifting device moves upwards to load the fully charged battery and lift the fully charged battery to a certain height, and the battery is conveniently detached and the installation device enters the battery.
And (3) converting the battery: after the battery on the battery disassembling and assembling device is taken away by the battery extracting and conveying device, the battery converting device is driven by the lifting nut 44 to move downwards, the fully charged battery is placed on the battery disassembling and assembling device, and the battery converting process is completed.
Elevating gear of battery conversion equipment: the four-screw lifting device is applied to vehicle battery replacement equipment, a servo motor six 48 is adopted for driving, the bevel gear distributes the power of the motor to each transmission point, and the servo motor six 48 can stop at any set position, so that the four-screw lifting device can meet the battery replacement requirements of vehicles of different vehicle types.
Referring to fig. 13, the battery pack storage and charging management apparatus 5 is mainly composed of a vertical column 51, a transverse support beam 52, a longitudinal support beam 53, a battery support plate 54, a battery stopper 55, a transverse tension beam 56, a transverse tension beam coupling member 57, a charging plug assembly 58, and the like.
The upright post, the transverse supporting beam, the longitudinal supporting beam, the battery supporting plate, the battery limiting block, the transverse straining beam connecting piece and the charging plug assembly are all in modular design of a standardized general structure; the storage quantity of the batteries and the installation mode can be combined at will according to actual requirements; the storage device is of a buckle type structure between the longitudinal support beam and the stand column, so that rapid connection between each group of structures is facilitated, the stand column and the transverse support beam, the stand column and the battery supporting plate, the battery supporting plate and the battery limiting block and the transverse tension beam connecting piece are connected through bolts and locked by the positioning pins, and modularization is realized on the basis of ensuring the installation accuracy, speed and strength.
The storage device is of a multilayer structure, so that the minimum floor area is realized, and the storage capacity of the battery is maximized.
Each battery storage position is matched with a group of charging plug assemblies, conversion between battery charging and storage is not needed, and the operation efficiency of the battery storage bin is improved to the maximum extent.
The following functions are mainly realized: 1. charging: charging a battery to be charged;
2. storing the battery: each battery charging point is a battery storage point, and can be matched with the storage number of the batteries according to the requirements of users.
The utility model realizes automation, so that the full-charge battery can be automatically extracted, conveyed and supplied, and the insufficient-charge battery can be received, conveyed and warehoused very easily, and as the manipulator can slide left and right and can be randomly positioned at different positions and heights, the effective capacity of the battery storage and charging device can be greatly improved, and the battery changing speed can be greatly improved; the battery replacement efficiency is greatly improved.
Specifically, the exchange steps of the insufficient battery and the full battery are realized simultaneously by the insufficient battery and full battery exchange device, the device for automatically unlocking, disassembling, installing and locking the battery of the electric vehicle and the automatic battery extracting and conveying device;
the step of exchanging the insufficient battery with the full battery comprises the following steps:
the control system of S1 controls the complete machine to stop when the position of the automatic battery extracting and conveying device, the two groups of manipulators distributed in parallel move towards the automatic battery extracting and conveying device under the drive of the servo motor III, the manipulator stops at the set position, the automatic battery extracting and conveying device receives the battery, and the full-charge battery conveying process is completed;
s2, the first lifting transmission device drives the first lifting screw rod to rotate so that the manipulator stops when the manipulator descends to a set position, namely the battery of the electric vehicle stops when the height of the power-deficient battery on the device for automatically unlocking, disassembling, installing and locking the battery of the electric vehicle is high;
and receiving the insufficient battery, and stopping when the manipulator returns to the initial origin, wherein the insufficient battery receiving process is finished.
The steps are intelligently controlled by a PLC, and the automation degree is high.
Claims (6)
1. The electric vehicle battery automatic unlocking and locking device is characterized by comprising a battery automatic extracting and conveying device, an electric vehicle battery automatic unlocking and unlocking device, a dismounting and mounting device, a locking device, an electric vehicle battery and full-charge battery exchanging device and a battery pack storage and charging management device;
the automatic battery extracting and conveying device is used for automatically extracting and conveying batteries;
the device for automatically unlocking, disassembling, installing and locking the battery of the electric vehicle further comprises the steps of automatically unlocking, disassembling, installing and locking the battery of the electric vehicle to be replaced;
the insufficient battery and full battery exchange device is used for automatically unlocking, disassembling, installing and locking the electric vehicle battery and the battery automatic extraction and conveying device to realize the exchange of the insufficient battery and the full battery;
the battery pack storage and charging management device is used for charging and storing batteries;
the automatic battery unlocking, disassembling, installing and locking device comprises an unlocking device, a second lifting device and a traveling device;
the unlocking device comprises an unlocking device arranged on a worm gear driven screw lifting device of the lifting device;
the lifting device is arranged on the walking device;
the traveling device drives the whole machine to move back and forth to realize battery transfer and exchange;
the lifting device drives the unlocking device to move up and down to realize battery receiving and exchanging;
the unlocking device unlocks and unloads the vehicle power-lack battery and installs and locks the fully charged battery to realize the battery replacement process of the vehicle;
the automatic battery extracting and conveying device comprises a four-column type rack, a walking device, a steel ball type four-column lifting screw, a manipulator, a top guide device, a lifting transmission device and a control system;
the walking device, the steel ball type four-column lifting screw, the manipulator, the top guide device, the lifting transmission device and the control system are all arranged on the four-column type rack, and the manipulator is arranged on the lifting screw;
the walking device and the top guide device realize the walking function of the automatic battery extracting and conveying device;
the walking device is arranged at the rear lower end of the four-column type frame;
the steel ball type four-column lifting screw and the lifting transmission device are respectively arranged at the lower part and the upper part in the four-column type rack frame to realize the height adjustment and positioning of the manipulator;
the control system controls the whole machine to set the position of the storage vertical grid battery to stop, and the whole machine is accurately positioned under the double functions of the servo motor-brake device and the self-locking function of the worm gear speed reducer.
2. The insufficient battery and full battery exchange apparatus according to claim 1,
the steel ball type four-column lifting screw consists of a lifting screw lower supporting bearing, a lifting screw, a lifting nut, a manipulator transmission device, a screw wheel type lifting transmission device, a bevel gear transmission and power distribution device and a servo motor II;
the four lifting screws are respectively arranged on the bottom cross beam through the lower supporting bearings of the lifting screws, and the two manipulators and the manipulator transmission device are arranged on the longitudinal beam; the longitudinal beam is sleeved on the four lifting screws;
the steel ball type four-column lifting screw rod is driven by the lifting transmission device to rotate, the lifting transmission device is lifted and lowered by adjusting the steering direction of the servo motor II, and the lifting transmission device stops when the lifting transmission device is lifted or lowered to a set height;
the servo motor drives the worm gear reducer to rotate, the worm gear reducer drives the gear set to rotate, the gear set drives the rack and the whole machine to do linear motion along the direction of the rack when rotating on the rack, and the forward and reverse linear motion of the whole machine is realized by adjusting the forward and reverse rotation of the servo motor.
3. The insufficient-battery and full-battery exchange device according to claim 2, wherein the manipulators on the lifting screw are two groups of manipulators distributed in parallel, can move leftwards and rightwards under the driving of the second servo motor, stop at a set position, realize accurate positioning under the braking function of the second servo motor, ensure accurate battery placement while extracting the battery, stop when the lifting transmission device drives the lifting screw to rotate so that the manipulators rise to leave the battery bracket of the battery storage bin, and stop when the manipulators return to the initial origin;
the servo motor II drives a worm gear speed reducer to rotate, the worm gear speed reducer drives a gear set to rotate, the gear set drives the rack and the whole machine to do linear motion along the direction of the rack when rotating on the rack, and the forward and reverse linear motion of the whole machine is realized by adjusting the forward and reverse rotation of the servo motor II;
the control system controls the whole machine to stop when the battery is at a set transfer platform position, the two groups of manipulators distributed in parallel move towards the transfer platform under the driving of the servo motor II, and stop at the set position, and the transfer platform receives the battery;
the lifting transmission device drives the lifting screw to rotate, so that the manipulator stops when descending to a set position, receives a power-shortage battery, and stops when returning to the initial origin;
the servo motor II drives a worm gear speed reducer to rotate, the worm gear speed reducer drives a gear set to rotate, the gear set drives the rack and the whole machine to do linear motion along the direction of the rack when rotating on the rack, and the forward and reverse linear motion of the whole machine is realized by adjusting the forward and reverse rotation of the servo motor;
the control system controls the whole machine to stop when the battery is set at the idle position of the battery storage bin, the two groups of manipulators distributed in parallel move towards the battery storage bin under the driving of the servo motor and stop at the set position, the lifting transmission rod drives the lifting screw rod to rotate so that the manipulator stops when the insufficient-power battery is completely placed on the battery bracket of the battery storage bin, and meanwhile, the manipulator stops when returning to the initial origin.
4. The insufficient-and-full-electric battery exchange device according to claim 1, wherein the unlocking device comprises an unlocking device mounting plate, a locking device pulling rod, a locking pin ejector rod, a positioning taper pin and a locking device pulling rod driving electric cylinder;
the locking pin ejector rod) pushes a locking pin in a battery locking frame on the vehicle to unlock a locking slide bar in the battery locking frame on the vehicle, and the locking device shifting rod pushes the locking slide bar in the battery locking frame on the vehicle to move towards an unlocking direction under the action of the locking device shifting rod driving an electric cylinder to unlock the battery;
or the unlocking device with the fully charged battery is installed, the battery enters the battery locking frame on the vehicle, meanwhile, the ejector rod of the locking pin pushes the locking pin in the battery locking frame on the vehicle, the locking of the locking pin on the locking slide bar in the battery locking frame on the vehicle is released, the locking device pull rod pushes the locking slide bar in the battery locking frame on the vehicle to move towards the locking direction under the action of the locking device pull rod driving electric cylinder, and the locking slide bar in the battery locking frame on the vehicle locks the battery.
5. The insufficient and full battery exchange apparatus of claim 1, wherein the lifting device comprises a worm gear screw lifting device, a transmission shaft, a coupling, a bevel gear transmission device, a servo motor and a lifting device mounting plate;
the first lifting device is driven by a servo motor IV, power distribution is carried out through three groups of bevel gear transmission devices, one servo motor IV drives four screw lifting devices simultaneously, and the synchronization of the lifting devices is realized; the worm gear transmission is adopted to drive the screw rod to lift, the worm gear transmission and the screw rod have a self-locking function at the same time, and the servo motor has a braking function.
6. The insufficient-power battery and full-power battery exchange device according to claim 1, wherein the insufficient-power battery and full-power battery exchange device comprises a bearing, a lower supporting plate, a third lifting screw, a third lifting nut, a transfer supporting plate, an upper supporting plate, a worm gear lifter, a sixth servo motor and a commutator;
the lower supporting plate, the upper supporting plate and the upper beam form a supporting part of the automatic battery conversion device,
the four lifting screw rods are respectively arranged on the upper supporting plate and the lower supporting plate through bearings, and the front and the rear transfer supporting plates are respectively arranged on the front and the rear lifting screw rods; the worm gear lifter distributes power through three groups of bevel gear transmission devices, so that one servo motor drives four screw lifting devices simultaneously, and the synchronization of the lifting devices is realized; the worm gear transmission is adopted to drive the screw rod to lift, the worm gear transmission and the screw rod have a self-locking function at the same time, and the servo motor has a braking function.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114161985A (en) * | 2021-12-12 | 2022-03-11 | 智搭车(东莞)智能科技有限公司 | Automatic battery replacement method for chassis of pure electric passenger car |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114161985A (en) * | 2021-12-12 | 2022-03-11 | 智搭车(东莞)智能科技有限公司 | Automatic battery replacement method for chassis of pure electric passenger car |
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