CN216591035U - Liquid hydrogen gas supply system and vehicle with same - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a liquid hydrogen gas supply system and a vehicle with the same, wherein the liquid hydrogen gas supply system is used for a power system of the vehicle, the power system comprises a driving device and a liquid hydrogen gas supply system, the driving device comprises a fuel cell stack, and the liquid hydrogen gas supply system comprises: the hydrogen storage device comprises a shell and an inner container, the inner container is suitable for storing liquid hydrogen, and the hydrogen storage device is suitable for providing hydrogen for the fuel cell stack; the cold shield structure is arranged between the inner container and the shell, the cold shield structure limits an air outlet channel, the air inlet end of the air outlet channel is communicated with the inner cavity of the inner container, and hydrogen in the inner container is suitable for flowing into the air outlet channel; one end of the cold shield external pipe is communicated with the air outlet end of the air flow channel, and the other end of the cold shield external pipe is communicated with the fuel cell stack; and the control valve assembly comprises a control valve, and the control valve is used for controlling the on-off of the external pipe of the cold shield. According to the liquid hydrogen supply system, the inner container is insulated by using the cold energy of hydrogen, so that hydrogen fuel can be better saved.

Description

Liquid hydrogen gas supply system and vehicle with same

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to a liquid hydrogen supply system and a vehicle with the same.

Background

The hydrogen fuel cell system has wide application prospect in the field of power systems of heavy-duty vehicles, and the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage system is used for providing hydrogen required by the fuel cell stack. The hydrogen storage device in the traditional vehicle-mounted liquid hydrogen supply system has the following problems: on one hand, the temperature difference between the inside of the liquid hydrogen cylinder and the external environment is large due to the low storage temperature of the liquid hydrogen, and overpressure discharge and hydrogen fuel loss are caused due to the fact that the pressure in the liquid hydrogen cylinder continuously rises in the standing process of a vehicle. On the other hand, the traditional liquid hydrogen cylinder heat insulation mode adopts a high-vacuum multi-layer heat insulation structure, and heat leakage through the vacuum heat insulation structure accounts for a large part of total heat leakage of the cylinder. The number of layers and the thickness of the heat-insulating material are increased, so that extra heat conduction and heat leakage can be increased, the whole volume and weight can be increased, and the heat-insulating effect is not obviously increased after the number of layers of the heat-insulating material is increased to a certain degree.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. To this end, the utility model proposes a liquid hydrogen supply system that allows for the discharge of excess pressure due to heat leakage, losing hydrogen fuel.

The utility model also provides a vehicle with the liquid hydrogen supply system.

A liquid hydrogen gas supply system according to a first aspect of the utility model is a liquid hydrogen gas supply system for a power system of a vehicle, the power system including a driving device including a fuel cell stack and the liquid hydrogen gas supply system, the liquid hydrogen gas supply system including: the hydrogen storage device comprises a shell and an inner container arranged in the shell, the inner container is suitable for storing liquid hydrogen, and the hydrogen storage device is suitable for providing hydrogen for the fuel cell stack; the cold shield structure is arranged on the outer side of the inner container and is positioned between the inner container and the shell, an air outlet channel is defined in the cold shield structure, the air inlet end of the air outlet channel is communicated with the inner cavity of the inner container, and hydrogen in the inner container is suitable for flowing into the air outlet channel; one end of the cold shield external pipe is connected and communicated with the air outlet end of the air flow channel, and the other end of the cold shield external pipe is suitable for being communicated with the fuel cell stack; and the control valve assembly comprises a control valve connected in series with the cold shield external pipe, and the control valve is used for controlling the on-off of the cold shield external pipe.

According to the liquid hydrogen gas supply system, the cold shield structure is arranged, and the airflow channel with two ends respectively communicated with the inner cavity of the inner container and the fuel cell stack is arranged in the cold shield structure, so that the cold energy of the hydrogen in the inner container can be utilized to continuously insulate the inner container, the phenomenon that the liquid hydrogen is changed into a gas phase from a liquid phase to cause the overhigh pressure in the inner container and further cause overpressure discharge and hydrogen fuel loss due to heat leakage is avoided, the hydrogen fuel is better saved, and the problems that the hydrogen storage device is large in size and unobvious in heat insulation effect due to the fact that only a heat insulation layer is added in the related technology can be avoided.

According to some embodiments of the utility model, a portion of the cold shield structure surrounds an outer peripheral side of the inner bladder.

Further, the cold shield structure includes: the heat insulation part surrounds the outer periphery of the inner container, a main air flow channel is defined in the heat insulation part, and the air outlet end is formed in the heat insulation part; the communicating section is connected between the heat insulation part and the inner container, an air inlet channel communicated with the main air flow channel is defined in the communicating section, the air inlet end is formed in the communicating section, and the air flow channel comprises the main air flow channel and the air inlet channel.

Further, the liquid hydrogen gas supply system further includes: a plurality of stacked heat insulating layers each surrounding an outer peripheral side of the inner container, the heat insulating portion being provided between adjacent two of the heat insulating layers.

In some embodiments, the heat insulating portion is formed in a pipe structure that spirally surrounds an outer peripheral side of the inner liner around a central axis of the inner liner.

Further, the heat insulating part includes: the heat insulation ring comprises a plurality of heat insulation ring segments which are arranged along the axial direction of the inner container, and no gap is reserved between any two adjacent heat insulation ring segments in the plurality of heat insulation ring segments.

According to some embodiments of the utility model, the inner cavity of the inner container comprises a gas phase space and a liquid phase space which are communicated with each other, and the gas inlet end is communicated with the gas phase space.

In some embodiments, the liquid hydrogen gas supply system further comprises: the bleeding device is suitable for discharging the high-pressure hydrogen in the pipeline assembly of the liquid hydrogen supply system to the outside; the cold shield external pipe is connected with the air flow channel, one end of the first pressure relief channel is connected with the cold shield external pipe, the other end of the first pressure relief channel is communicated with the diffusing device, the connecting position of one end of the first pressure relief channel and the cold shield external pipe is located on the downstream side of the control valve, and the first pressure relief channel is used for exhausting gaseous hydrogen in the air flow channel to the diffusing device when the air pressure in the air flow channel is higher than a first preset value.

According to some embodiments of the utility model, the inner cavity of the inner container comprises a gas phase space and a liquid phase space which are communicated with each other, and the liquid hydrogen air system further comprises: the bleeding device is suitable for discharging the high-pressure hydrogen in the pipeline assembly of the liquid hydrogen supply system to the outside; the automatic pressurization loop is used for converting liquid hydrogen in the liquid phase space into gaseous hydrogen and introducing the gaseous hydrogen into the gas phase space to increase the pressure of the gas phase space when the pressure of the gas phase space is lower than a set pressure; and one end of the second pressure relief passage is communicated with the automatic pressurization loop, the other end of the second pressure relief passage is communicated with the diffusing device, and the second pressure relief passage is used for discharging gaseous hydrogen in the automatic pressurization loop to the diffusing device when the air pressure in the automatic pressurization loop is higher than a second preset value.

A vehicle according to a second aspect of the utility model includes the liquid hydrogen supply system according to the first aspect of the utility model.

According to the vehicle provided by the utility model, the liquid hydrogen gas supply system is arranged, so that the storage effect of liquid hydrogen is better, the waste of hydrogen energy can be avoided, and the vehicle is favorable for further improving the cruising power and the driving performance of the vehicle.

Additional aspects and advantages of the utility model will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the utility model.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a liquid hydrogen supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals:

liquid hydrogen gas supply system 100:

the hydrogen storage device 10, the shell 11, the inner container 12, the gas phase space 121, the liquid phase space 122, the inner heat insulation layer 13, the outer heat insulation layer 14, the cold shield structure 15, the heat insulation part 151, the communication section 152, the cold shield external pipe 153, the pressure relief pipe 16, the liquid inlet pipe 17, the liquid supply pipe 18, the pressure increasing pipe 19, the first pressure relief passage 201 and the second pressure relief passage 202.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the utility model and are not to be construed as limiting the utility model.

A liquid hydrogen supply system 100 according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1.

As shown in fig. 1, the liquid hydrogen supply system 100 according to the embodiment of the first aspect of the utility model may be used in a power system of a vehicle. The power system of the vehicle includes a driving apparatus (not shown) that may include a fuel cell stack, and a liquid hydrogen supply system 100 that may include: hydrogen storage device 10, cold shield structure 15, cold shield extension pipe 153 and control valve component.

The hydrogen storage device 10 can be a liquid hydrogen cylinder LHV-1, and the hydrogen storage device 10 can comprise a shell 11 and an inner container 12 arranged in the shell 11. The inner container 12 is suitable for storing hydrogen, the inner container 12 can store liquid hydrogen and partial gaseous hydrogen, and when the pressure of the gaseous hydrogen in the inner container 12 is greater than the external pressure, the inner container 12 supplies power to the fuel cell stack. The hydrogen storage device 10 is adapted to provide hydrogen to the fuel cell stack. The cold shield structure 15 is arranged outside the inner container 12, the cold shield structure 15 is located between the inner container 12 and the outer shell 11, an air outlet channel (not shown) is defined in the cold shield structure 15, an air inlet end of the air outlet channel is communicated with an inner cavity of the inner container 12, hydrogen in the inner container 12 is suitable for flowing into the air outlet channel, and understandably, hydrogen flowing into the air outlet channel from the inner container 12 can be gaseous hydrogen, and the inner container 12 is used for storing liquid hydrogen, so that the storage temperature of the liquid hydrogen is lower, and meanwhile, the temperature of the gaseous hydrogen is smaller than that of the liquid hydrogen. Therefore, the gaseous hydrogen flowing into the gas flow channel can provide enough cold for the cold shield structure 15 to insulate the inner container 12.

One end of the cold shield external pipe 153 is communicated with the air outlet end of the air flow channel, and the other end of the cold shield external pipe 153 is suitable for being communicated with the fuel cell stack, so that the gaseous hydrogen in the air flow channel can be conveyed to the fuel cell stack after the temperature of the gaseous hydrogen rises, and the waste of hydrogen energy is avoided.

The control valve assembly comprises a control valve connected in series with the cold shield external pipe 153, the control valve can be used for controlling the on-off of the cold shield external pipe 153, the control valve is an air supply automatic valve AV1, and the temperature can be gradually increased due to the fact that gaseous hydrogen in the cold shield continuously exchanges heat with the outside, so that the control valve can be set to be opened according to preset time to discharge the gaseous hydrogen in the cold shield structure 15 to the fuel cell stack, or the control valve can also be set to be opened when the air pressure in the air flow channel is larger than a first set pressure value to discharge the gaseous hydrogen in the cold shield structure 15 to the fuel cell stack; still alternatively, the control valve may be configured to open when the temperature of the gaseous hydrogen in the gas flow passage is greater than a preset temperature value to discharge the gaseous hydrogen in the cold shield structure 15 to the fuel cell stack.

According to the liquid hydrogen gas supply system 100 provided by the embodiment of the utility model, by arranging the cold shield structure 15 and arranging the gas flow channel with two ends respectively communicated with the inner cavity of the inner container 12 and the fuel cell stack in the cold shield structure 15, the cold energy of the hydrogen in the inner container 12 can be utilized to continuously insulate heat for the inner container 12, so that the problems that the liquid hydrogen is changed from liquid phase to gas phase due to heat leakage of the hydrogen storage device 10, the pressure in the inner container 12 is overhigh, the overpressure is discharged, and the hydrogen fuel is lost due to overpressure discharge are avoided, the hydrogen fuel is better saved, and in addition, the problems that the volume of the hydrogen storage device 10 is larger and the heat insulation effect is not obvious due to the adoption of a mode of only increasing a heat insulation layer in the related technology can be avoided.

Alternatively, the control valve is provided at a portion of the cold shield external pipe 153 outside the housing 11 of the hydrogen storage device 10, thereby reducing the internal space occupation of the housing 11 and facilitating replacement and maintenance.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, a portion of the cold shield structure 15 surrounds the outer circumference of the inner container 12, thereby forming a thermal insulation barrier outside the inner container 12 to improve the liquid hydrogen storage effect of the hydrogen storage apparatus 10.

Further, the cold shield structure 15 may include: an insulating part 151 and a communicating section 152. Wherein, the heat insulation part 151 surrounds the outer periphery of the inner container 12, a main air flow channel is defined in the heat insulation part 151, and an air outlet is formed at one end of the heat insulation part 151 adjacent to the cold shield external pipe 153; the communicating section 152 is connected between the heat insulating part 151 and the inner container 12 to communicate the inner cavity of the inner container 12 with the heat insulating part 151, an air inlet passage communicated with the main air flow passage is defined in the communicating section 152, the air inlet end is formed at one end of the communicating section 152 connected with the inner container 12, and the air flow passage comprises the main air flow passage and the air inlet passage, so that the integral structure is simple, and the manufacturing and the assembling are convenient.

Further, the liquid hydrogen supply system 100 may further include: a plurality of thermal insulation layers. Specifically, a plurality of heat insulating layers are stacked, each of which surrounds the outer circumferential side of the inner container 12, and the heat insulating portion 151 is provided between adjacent two of the heat insulating layers. For example, when two heat insulating layers are provided, the two heat insulating layers are an inner heat insulating layer 13 and an outer heat insulating layer 14, respectively, and the heat insulating portion 151 is provided between the inner heat insulating layer 13 and the outer heat insulating layer 14; when the number of the heat insulating layers is three or more, the heat insulating portion 151 may be provided between every two adjacent heat insulating layers, or the heat insulating portion 151 may be provided between two of the plurality of heat insulating layers, whereby the heat insulating effect of the hydrogen storage device 10 can be further improved, and the hydrogen storage effect can be further improved.

In some embodiments, the heat insulating part 151 is formed in a pipe structure, for example, the heat insulating part 151 may be formed by a cold shielding pipe spirally wound around the outer circumferential side of the inner container 12 around the central axis of the inner container 12, thereby having a simple structure and facilitating the manufacture and assembly.

Further, the heat insulating part 151 may include: a plurality of insulating ring segments. Specifically, the plurality of heat insulation ring segments may be arranged along the axial direction of the inner container 12 and sequentially communicated, and there is no gap between any two adjacent heat insulation ring segments in the plurality of heat insulation ring segments, where no gap means that there is no air circulation between two adjacent heat insulation ring segments, and thus, the heat insulation effect of the heat insulation portion 151 may be further improved.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the inner cavity of the inner container 12 includes a gas phase space 121 and a liquid phase space 122, the gas phase space 121 and the liquid phase space 122 are communicated with each other, and the gas inlet end of the gas flow channel is communicated with the gas phase space 121, where the gas phase space 121 refers to a space in the inner cavity of the inner container 12 for storing gaseous hydrogen, and the liquid phase space 122 refers to a space in the inner cavity of the inner container 12 for storing liquid hydrogen, in other words, the gas phase space 121 refers to a space above the liquid level of liquid hydrogen, and the liquid hydrogen can flow to the fuel cell stack by adjusting the hydrogen pressure of the gas phase space 121, and the gas phase space 121 is connected with the gas inlet end of the gas flow channel, so that the hydrogen in the gas phase space 121 can directly flow into the gas flow channel, thereby providing cold energy for the cold shield structure 15.

Further, referring to fig. 1, the liquid hydrogen supply system 100 may further include: a diffuser and a first pressure relief path 201. Wherein the diffusing means may be formed as a diffusing header W-1, and the diffusing means is adapted to discharge the high-pressure hydrogen gas in the pipeline assembly of the liquid hydrogen supply system 100 to the outside, for example, when the air pressure in the air flow channel of the cold shield structure 15 is too high, the pressure can be relieved by the diffusing means. One end and the cold screen of first pressure release route 201 are taken over 153 and are linked to each other and the other end and the diffusion device intercommunication outward, the one end of first pressure release route 201 and the hookup location of the cold screen external pipe 153 are located the downstream side of control valve, first pressure release route 201 is used for discharging gaseous state hydrogen in the airflow channel to the diffusion device when the atmospheric pressure in the airflow channel is higher than first default, so can prevent that the too high pressure in the airflow channel from resulting in the cold screen structure 15 to damage and the revealing of hydrogen, the security is improved. The first pressure relief passage 201 may be provided with a gas supply line safety valve RK3, and when the gas pressure in the gas flow passage is higher than a first preset value, the gas supply line safety valve RK3 is opened to relieve the pressure.

According to some embodiments of the utility model, referring to fig. 1, the liquid hydrogen air system may further include: an auto-boost circuit and a second pressure relief path 202. Wherein, one end of the automatic pressurization loop is communicated with the liquid phase space 122 and the other end is communicated with the gas phase space 121, and the automatic pressurization loop is used for converting the liquid hydrogen in the liquid phase space 122 into gaseous hydrogen and introducing the gaseous hydrogen into the gas phase space 121 to increase the pressure of the gas phase space 121 when the pressure of the gas phase space 121 is lower than a set pressure; one end of the second pressure relief passage 202 is communicated with the automatic pressurization circuit and the other end is communicated with the diffusing device, and the second pressure relief passage 202 is used for discharging gaseous hydrogen in the automatic pressurization circuit to the diffusing device when the air pressure in the automatic pressurization circuit is higher than a second preset value.

For example, as shown in fig. 1, the automatic pressure increasing circuit includes a pressure increasing pipe 19 and a pressure increasing device VP1 and a pressure increasing automatic valve AV2 connected in series to the pressure increasing pipe 19, when the pressure of the gas phase space 121 of the inner container 12 of the hydrogen storage apparatus 10 is lower than a set gas supply pressure, the pressure increasing automatic valve AV2 is automatically opened in an electric or pneumatic control manner, liquid hydrogen flows out from the liquid phase space 122 of the inner container 12 of the hydrogen storage apparatus 10 through the pressure increasing pipe, enters the pressure increasing device VP1 through a pressure increasing liquid phase root valve V1, after the liquid hydrogen is vaporized and heated in the pressure increasing device VP1, the liquid hydrogen passes through the pressure increasing automatic valve AV2 in a gas or gas-liquid two-phase state, and enters the gas phase space 121 through a pressure relief pipe 16, so as to increase the pressure of the gas phase space 121; when the pressure of the gas phase space 121 is equal to or greater than the set supply pressure, the pressure-increasing automatic valve AV2 is automatically closed by electric or pneumatic control. A pressure-increasing pipeline safety valve RK4 is arranged between the second pressure-relieving passage 202 and the pressure-increasing pipe, when the air pressure in the automatic pressure-increasing loop is too high, the pressure-increasing pipeline safety valve RK4 is opened in a pneumatic or electric mode, so that the hydrogen in the automatic pressure-increasing loop is discharged to the releasing device to realize pressure relief.

A liquid hydrogen supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1.

As shown in fig. 1, the liquid hydrogen supply system of the present embodiment includes: LHV-1 of a liquid hydrogen gas cylinder, a pressurized liquid phase root valve V1, a liquid supply main valve V2, a gas cylinder evacuation valve V3, a manual pressure relief valve V4, a pressure gauge valve V5, a flow passing valve V6, a vacuum gauge valve V7, a buffer tank pressure gauge valve V8, a vaporizer drain valve V9, a blow-off main drain valve V10, a liquid supply one-way valve B1, a filling one-way valve B2, a pressure stabilizing valve C1, an air supply automatic valve AV1, a pressurized automatic valve AV2, a first-stage pressure relief safety valve RK1, a second-stage pressure relief valve RK2, an air supply pipeline safety valve RK3, a pressurized pipeline safety valve RK4, a shell explosion-proof device D1, a vacuum gauge VG1, a filling connector CZ-1, a gas return connector CZ-2, an aviation plug LHHC-1, a liquid hydrogen gas cylinder V-1, a VP-1, a vaporizer VP-2, a buffer tank BV-1, a buffer tank BV-2, a buffer tank BV-1, a pressure sensor PT101, a pressure gauge PT-301 of a pressure sensor, A buffer tank pressure gauge PG301, a liquid level meter LT101, a bleeding main pipe W-1 and connecting pipelines among all components.

The liquid hydrogen cylinder LHV-1 consists of a shell 11, an inner container 12, an inner heat-insulating layer 13, an outer heat-insulating layer 14, a cold screen structure 15, a liquid level meter LT101, a pressure relief pipe 16, a liquid inlet pipe 17, a liquid supply pipe 18 and a pressure increasing pipe 19, wherein the inner container 12 is enveloped in a cavity of the shell 11 by the shell 11, and the inner heat-insulating layer 3, the outer heat-insulating layer 14, the cold screen structure 15, the pressure relief pipe 16, the liquid inlet pipe 17, the liquid supply pipe 18 and the pressure increasing pipe 19 are enveloped in a cavity between the shell 11 and the inner container 12; the chamber in the inner container 12 is divided into a gas phase space 121 and a liquid phase space 122 by the liquid surface of the liquid hydrogen, and the gas phase space 121 is located above the liquid phase space 122.

A pressurized liquid phase port a, a liquid supply port b, a liquid inlet c, a pressurized gas phase port d, a cold shield exhaust port e, a vacuum measurement port f, a shell explosion-proof port g, a vacuum pumping port h and a liquid level meter cable port j are arranged on the liquid hydrogen cylinder LHV-1; the pressure-increasing liquid phase root valve V1 is connected with the pressure-increasing liquid phase port a through a pipeline, the pressure-increasing liquid phase root valve V1, the pressure-increasing VP-1 and the pressure-increasing automatic valve AV2 are connected through a pipeline, and the pressure-increasing automatic valve AV2 is connected with the pressure-increasing gas phase port d through a pipeline; the liquid supply one-way valve B1 is connected with the liquid supply port B through a pipeline, and the liquid supply one-way valve B1, the liquid supply main valve V2, the overflow valve V6, the vaporizer VP-2, the buffer tank BV-1 and the pressure stabilizing valve C1 are connected through pipelines; the filling check valve B2 is connected with the liquid inlet c through a pipeline, and the filling check valve B2 is connected with the filling joint CZ-1 through a pipeline; an inlet of the first-stage pressure relief safety valve RK1 is connected with a filling one-way valve B2 and a liquid inlet c through a pipeline; the inlet of the manual pressure relief valve V4 is connected with a pipeline between the pressure boost automatic valve AV2 and the pressure boost gas phase port d; the inlet of the second-stage pressure relief safety valve RK2 is connected with a pipeline at the inlet of a manual pressure relief valve V4; an inlet of the pressure gauge valve V5 is connected with a pipeline at an inlet of the manual pressure relief valve V4, and the gas cylinder pressure sensor PT101 and the gas cylinder pressure gauge PG101 are respectively connected to an outlet of the manual pressure relief valve V4; the inlet of the automatic air supply valve AV1 is connected with a pipeline between the filling one-way valve B2 and the liquid inlet c, and the outlet of the automatic air supply valve AV1 is connected with a pipeline between the liquid supply one-way valve B1 and the liquid supply main valve V2; the inlet of the gas supply pipeline safety valve RK3 is connected with a pipeline between the liquid supply one-way valve B1 and the liquid supply main valve V2; the inlet of the pressure-increasing pipeline safety valve RK4 is connected with the pipeline between the pressure-increasing device VP-1 and the pressure-increasing automatic valve AV 2; the shell explosion-proof device D1 is connected with the shell explosion-proof opening g; the gas cylinder vacuum-pumping valve V3 is connected with the vacuum-pumping port h; the vacuum gauge valve V7 is connected to the vacuum measurement port f, and the vacuum gauge VG1 is connected to the vacuum gauge valve V7.

One end of the liquid inlet pipe 17 is connected with the liquid inlet c, the pipeline of the liquid inlet pipe 17 passes through the inner container 12, and the other end of the liquid inlet pipe 17 is communicated with the gas phase space 121. One end of the liquid supply pipe 18 is connected to the liquid supply port b, the pipeline of the liquid supply pipe 18 passes through the inner container 12, and the other end of the liquid supply pipe 18 is communicated with the liquid phase space 122. One end of the pressure increasing pipe 19 is connected with the pressure increasing liquid phase port a, the pipeline of the pressure increasing pipe 19 passes through the inner container 12, and the other end of the pressure increasing pipe 19 is communicated with the liquid phase space 122. One end of the pressure relief pipe 16 is connected with the pressurized gas phase port d, a pipeline of the pressure relief pipe 16 passes through the inner container 12, and the other end of the pressure relief pipe 16 is communicated with the gas phase space 121.

The lead at the upper end of the liquid level meter LT101 passes through a cable port j of the liquid level meter through a gas phase space 121 in the inner container 12 and is connected with the transmitter through an aviation plug HC-1, and the liquid level meter LT101 is used for detecting the storage amount of liquid hydrogen. The cold screen air inlet i is arranged on the inner container 12 and is communicated with the gas phase space 121; the inner heat insulation layer 13 is wrapped on the outer side of the inner container 12; the air inlet end of the cold shield structure 15 is connected with the cold shield air inlet i, the cold shield structure 15 is wound on the outer side of the inner heat insulation layer 13 in a coil form, and the air outlet end of the cold shield structure 15 is connected with the cold shield air outlet e; an outer insulation layer 14 is wrapped around the outside of the cold shield structure 15. The cold shield exhaust port e and the inlet of the air supply automatic valve AV1 are connected through a cold shield external pipe 153.

The outlet of the manual pressure relief valve V4 is connected with the bleeding main pipe W-1 through a pipeline; an outlet of the first-stage pressure relief safety valve RK1 is connected with a bleeding main pipe W-1 through a pipeline; an outlet of the second-stage pressure relief safety valve RK2 is connected with a bleeding main pipe W-1 through a pipeline; the outlet of the gas supply pipeline safety valve RK3 is connected with the bleeding main pipe W-1 through a pipeline; the outlet of the pressure-increasing pipeline safety valve RK4 is connected with a bleeding main pipe W-1 through a pipeline, and the bottom of the bleeding main pipe W-1 is provided with a bleeding main pipe water discharge valve V10. The setting pressure set by the second-stage pressure relief and safety valve RK2 is higher than the setting pressure set by the first-stage pressure relief and safety valve RK 1.

The working principle of the liquid hydrogen supply system of the embodiment is as follows:

liquid hydrogen can be filled into the liquid hydrogen cylinder LHV-1 by connecting the filling joint CZ-1, the liquid hydrogen enters the liquid hydrogen cylinder LHV-1 through the filling one-way valve B2, and the liquid hydrogen filling is carried out in a top spraying mode because the outlet of the liquid inlet pipe 17 is arranged in the gas phase space 121 at the upper part of the liquid hydrogen cylinder LHV-1.

When the pressure of the gas phase space 121 of the liquid hydrogen bottle LHV-1 is lower than the set gas supply pressure, the automatic pressure-increasing valve AV2 is automatically opened in an electric or pneumatic control mode, liquid hydrogen flows out from the liquid phase space 122 of the liquid hydrogen bottle LHV-1 through the pressure-increasing pipe 19 and enters the pressure-increasing device VP-1 through the pressure-increasing liquid phase root valve V1, the liquid hydrogen is vaporized and heated in the pressure-increasing device VP-1, then passes through the automatic pressure-increasing valve AV2 in a gas state or a gas-liquid two-phase state and enters the gas phase space 121 through the pressure-discharging pipe 16, and the pressure of the gas phase space 121 is increased; when the pressure of the gas phase space 121 is equal to or greater than the set supply pressure, the pressure-increasing automatic valve AV2 is automatically closed by electric or pneumatic control.

When the pressure of the gas phase space 121 is not higher than the set gas phase gas supply pressure, the system adopts a liquid phase gas supply mode, liquid hydrogen enters a vaporizer VP-2 from a liquid phase space 122 of a liquid hydrogen cylinder LHV-1 through a liquid supply one-way valve B1, a liquid supply main valve V2 and an overflow valve V6, the liquid hydrogen is vaporized in the vaporizer VP-2, is heated and then enters a buffer tank BV-1 in a gas state, and is supplied to a fuel cell stack after being decompressed through a pressure stabilizing valve C1; the vaporizer VP-2 is provided with a water inlet and outlet loop and a vaporizer drain valve V9.

When the downstream of the gas supply pipeline leaks and the flow passing through the overflowing valve V6 is larger than the set flow, the overflowing valve V6 is closed, and the leakage of large-flow liquid hydrogen is avoided.

When the pressure of the gas phase space 121 is higher than the set gas phase gas supply pressure, the system adopts a gas phase gas supply mode, the automatic gas supply valve AV1 is automatically opened in an electric or pneumatic control mode, the gaseous hydrogen in the gas phase space 121 is output through the liquid inlet pipe 17 and the gaseous hydrogen in the cold shield structure 15 is output, and the two paths of gaseous hydrogen are converged and then enter a gas supply pipeline through the automatic gas supply valve AV 1; the opening degree of the valve is reduced or even closed due to the reduction of the pressure difference between the upstream and the downstream of the liquid supply one-way valve B1, so that the flow rate of the liquid hydrogen entering the downstream gas supply pipeline is reduced or even reduced to zero; thus, gas hydrogen or gas-liquid two-phase gas enters a liquid supply main valve V2 in the gas supply pipeline, enters a vaporizer VP-2 through a flow passing valve V6, is heated and then enters a buffer tank BV-1 in a gas state, and is supplied to a galvanic pile after being decompressed through a pressure stabilizing valve C1; when the pressure of the gas phase space 121 is not higher than the set gas phase supply pressure, the gas supply automatic valve AV1 is automatically closed by an electric or pneumatic control method, and the system is switched to a liquid phase gas supply method.

When the pressure of the gas-phase space 121 is higher than the set pressure set by the first-stage pressure relief safety valve RK1, the first-stage pressure relief safety valve RK1 opens the valve, and the gaseous hydrogen in the gas-phase space 121 is output through the liquid inlet pipe 17 and enters the diffusion main pipe W-1 through the first-stage pressure relief safety valve RK1 for discharge; when the pressure of the gas-phase space 121 continuously rises and is higher than the set pressure set by the second-stage pressure relief safety valve RK2, the second-stage pressure relief safety valve RK2 starts the valve, and the gaseous hydrogen in the gas-phase space 121 is output through the pressure relief pipe 16 and enters the bleeding main pipe W-1 through the second-stage pressure relief safety valve RK2 to be discharged; when the pressure of the gas phase space 121 is lower than the setting pressure set by the second-stage pressure relief safety valve RK2, the second-stage pressure relief safety valve RK2 is closed; when the pressure of the gas phase space 121 is lower than the setting pressure set by the first-stage pressure relief safety valve RK1, the first-stage pressure relief safety valve RK1 is closed.

When the pressure-increasing liquid phase root valve V1 and the pressure-increasing automatic valve AV2 are both in a closed state, the pressure in the pipeline rises due to the temperature rise of the remaining liquid hydrogen or gaseous hydrogen in the cavity of the pipeline between the pressure-increasing liquid phase root valve V1 and the pressure-increasing automatic valve AV2, when the pressure in the pipeline is higher than the set pressure set by the pressure-increasing pipeline safety valve RK4, the pressure-increasing pipeline safety valve RK4 starts the valve, and the gas hydrogen in the pipeline enters the bleeding main pipe W-1 through the pressure-increasing pipeline safety valve RK4 to be discharged.

When the liquid supply main valve V2 and the gas supply automatic valve AV1 are both in a closed state, the pressure in a pipeline in a cavity of the pipeline between the liquid supply main valve V2 and the gas supply automatic valve AV1 rises due to the temperature rise of reserved liquid hydrogen or gas hydrogen, when the pressure in the pipeline is higher than the set pressure set by the gas supply pipeline safety valve RK3, the gas supply pipeline safety valve RK3 opens the valve, and the gas hydrogen in the pipeline enters the bleeding main pipe W-1 through the gas supply pipeline safety valve RK3 to be discharged.

The vacuum gauge VG1 is accessed by a vacuum gauge to measure the vacuum level of the cavity formed between the outer shell 11 and the inner container 12.

A vacuumizing unit is connected to a gas cylinder vacuumizing valve V3, and a cavity formed between the shell 11 and the inner container 12 can be vacuumized after the gas cylinder vacuumizing valve V3 is opened.

The liquid level meter LT101 is arranged in a liquid phase space 122 in the inner container 12, a lead at the upper end of the liquid level meter LT101 penetrates through a cable port j of the liquid level meter through a gas phase space 121 in the inner container 12, and is connected with a transmitter through an aviation plug HC-1, and the transmitter is connected with a monitoring device. The liquid level or volume of the liquid phase space 122 can be monitored by a transmitter. When the liquid level of the liquid phase space 122 is high or low, an alarm is given by the monitoring device.

An inlet of the pressure gauge valve V5 is connected with a pipeline at an inlet of the manual pressure release valve V4, and the gas cylinder pressure sensor PT101 and the gas cylinder pressure gauge PG101 are respectively connected to an outlet of the manual pressure release valve V4; the pressure of the current gas phase space 121 can be checked through a gas cylinder pressure gauge PG 101; after the gas cylinder pressure sensor PT101 is connected with the monitoring device, the pressure of the gas phase space 121 can be collected and monitored, and the opening and closing pressures of the gas supply automatic valve AV1 and the pressurization automatic valve AV2 are built in the program, so that when the pressure of the gas phase space 121 meets the opening and closing conditions of the gas supply automatic valve AV1 and the pressurization automatic valve AV2, the monitoring device sends an action instruction.

A vehicle according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the utility model is described below.

A vehicle according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the utility model includes the liquid hydrogen supply system of the above embodiment.

According to the vehicle provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the liquid hydrogen storage effect is better by arranging the liquid hydrogen supply system of the embodiment, the waste of hydrogen energy can be avoided, and the vehicle endurance and the driving performance are further improved.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the utility model and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the utility model.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; the connection can be mechanical connection, electrical connection or communication; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, various embodiments or examples and features of various embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without being mutually inconsistent.

While embodiments of the utility model have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the utility model, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. A liquid hydrogen gas supply system for a power system of a vehicle, characterized in that the power system includes a drive device and the liquid hydrogen gas supply system, the drive device includes a fuel cell stack, the liquid hydrogen gas supply system includes:

the hydrogen storage device comprises a shell and an inner container arranged in the shell, the inner container is suitable for storing liquid hydrogen, and the hydrogen storage device is suitable for providing hydrogen for the fuel cell stack;

the cold shield structure is arranged on the outer side of the inner container and is positioned between the inner container and the shell, an air outlet channel is defined in the cold shield structure, the air inlet end of the air outlet channel is communicated with the inner cavity of the inner container, and hydrogen in the inner container is suitable for flowing into the air outlet channel;

one end of the cold shield external pipe is connected and communicated with the air outlet end of the air flow channel, and the other end of the cold shield external pipe is suitable for being communicated with the fuel cell stack;

and the control valve assembly comprises a control valve connected in series with the cold shield external pipe, and the control valve is used for controlling the on-off of the cold shield external pipe.

2. The liquid hydrogen supply system according to claim 1, wherein a portion of the cold shield structure surrounds an outer circumferential side of the inner container.

3. The liquid hydrogen gas supply system according to claim 2, wherein the cold shield structure comprises:

the heat insulation part surrounds the outer periphery of the inner container, a main air flow channel is defined in the heat insulation part, and the air outlet end is formed in the heat insulation part;

the communicating section is connected between the heat insulation part and the inner container, an air inlet channel communicated with the main air flow channel is defined in the communicating section, the air inlet end is formed in the communicating section, and the air flow channel comprises the main air flow channel and the air inlet channel.

4. The liquid hydrogen gas supply system according to claim 3, further comprising: a plurality of stacked heat insulating layers each surrounding an outer peripheral side of the inner container, the heat insulating portion being provided between adjacent two of the heat insulating layers.

5. The liquid hydrogen supply system according to claim 3, wherein the heat insulating portion is formed in a pipe structure, and the heat insulating portion spirally surrounds an outer peripheral side of the inner tank around a central axis of the inner tank.

6. The liquid hydrogen supply system according to claim 5, wherein the heat insulating portion includes:

the heat insulation ring comprises a plurality of heat insulation ring segments which are arranged along the axial direction of the inner container, and no gap is reserved between any two adjacent heat insulation ring segments in the plurality of heat insulation ring segments.

7. The liquid hydrogen supply system according to claim 1, wherein the inner chamber of the inner container includes a gas phase space and a liquid phase space that communicate with each other, and the gas inlet end communicates with the gas phase space.

8. The liquid hydrogen gas supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising:

the bleeding device is suitable for discharging the high-pressure hydrogen in the pipeline assembly of the liquid hydrogen supply system to the outside;

the cold shield external pipe is connected with the air flow channel, one end of the first pressure relief channel is connected with the cold shield external pipe, the other end of the first pressure relief channel is communicated with the diffusing device, the connecting position of one end of the first pressure relief channel and the cold shield external pipe is located on the downstream side of the control valve, and the first pressure relief channel is used for exhausting gaseous hydrogen in the air flow channel to the diffusing device when the air pressure in the air flow channel is higher than a first preset value.

9. The liquid hydrogen air supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the inner chamber of the inner container includes a gas phase space and a liquid phase space that communicate with each other, the liquid hydrogen air supply system further comprising:

the bleeding device is suitable for discharging the high-pressure hydrogen in the pipeline assembly of the liquid hydrogen supply system to the outside;

the automatic pressurization loop is used for converting liquid hydrogen in the liquid phase space into gaseous hydrogen and introducing the gaseous hydrogen into the gas phase space to increase the pressure of the gas phase space when the pressure of the gas phase space is lower than a set pressure;

and one end of the second pressure relief passage is communicated with the automatic pressurization loop, the other end of the second pressure relief passage is communicated with the diffusing device, and the second pressure relief passage is used for discharging gaseous hydrogen in the automatic pressurization loop to the diffusing device when the air pressure in the automatic pressurization loop is higher than a second preset value.

10. A vehicle characterized by comprising a liquid hydrogen supply system according to any one of claims 1-9.

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