CN216535477U - Dynamic pressurizing device for bone wound repair - Google Patents
Dynamic pressurizing device for bone wound repair Download PDFInfo
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- CN216535477U CN216535477U CN202122524106.XU CN202122524106U CN216535477U CN 216535477 U CN216535477 U CN 216535477U CN 202122524106 U CN202122524106 U CN 202122524106U CN 216535477 U CN216535477 U CN 216535477U
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Abstract
The application discloses a dynamic pressurizing device for repairing bone wounds, which comprises a bone fracture plate, a screw hole and a pressurizing screw, wherein the inner surface of the bone fracture plate is matched with the shape of the lower part of a femoral greater tuberosity, the screw hole is arranged on the bone fracture plate, and the pressurizing screw is inserted into the screw hole; the screw hole comprises a bowl-shaped lower part and a cylindrical upper part, one end of the lower part close to the inner side of the bone fracture plate is provided with a clamping structure, and the upper part is of a unthreaded hole structure; the lower part of the pressurizing screw is a locking structure matched with the clamping structure, and the upper part of the pressurizing screw is a non-locking structure capable of moving in the screw hole; the lower part of the screw hole on the bone fracture plate is also provided with a locking hole, and the locking hole is used for penetrating a locking nail. The invention can protect the soft tissues such as muscles around the thighbone to a certain extent and can also improve the fixing effect of the thighbone.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of orthopedic instruments, and particularly relates to a power pressurizing device applied to treatment of femoral neck fracture repair.
Background
The treatment method of femoral neck fracture comprises conservative treatment and operative treatment, the operative treatment is generally adopted for unstable femoral neck fracture, and operative reduction and internal fixation treatment are mostly adopted for patients under 65 years old. At present, the internal fixation treatment of the femoral neck fracture mostly adopts a three-piece hollow screw fixation technology, and the needle is inserted from the lower part of the femoral tuberosity to the head part of the femur through the femoral tuberosity part and the femoral neck part to achieve the effect of fixing the fracture end. Although this technique can fix the fractured end under pressure, the following problems are likely to occur because three cannulated screws are not related to each other and there is no other support or fixation: 1. the stability is poor, the anti-rotation force and the anti-torsion force of the three hollow screws are poor, and the femoral head displacement is easy to generate, so that the femoral neck is not healed or the bone deformity is healed; 2. the femoral head necrosis rate in the long term is high; 3. in the healing process of the femoral neck, the femoral neck is easy to shorten, so that the fixing needle is withdrawn and the lower limb is shortened, and walking is influenced; 4. the bed rest needs a long time, and the early-stage weight-bearing exercise cannot be realized.
In order to solve the above problems, a locking steel plate for treating femoral neck fracture is developed, the supporting part of the locking steel plate is provided with one or two screws and a fracture distal end skeleton for fixation, so that the proximal end and the distal end of the fracture, the locking steel plate and the locking screws are integrated into a whole, and the fixation is stable, but the fixation does not apply pressure to the fracture end, the fracture end is static fixation, the force transmission is blocked, the stimulation of the fracture end force and the growth of poroma are not facilitated, and the fracture end is easy to generate bone absorption to cause bone nonunion.
Therefore, in order to solve the problems caused by the locking steel plate for the treatment of femoral neck fracture, the locking steel plate for the treatment of femoral neck fracture with three holes is provided, for example, the dynamic compression locking plate for the treatment of femoral neck fracture with application number 201410458654.9 comprises the locking steel plate, three compression locking screw holes and compression screws on the locking steel plate, so that the fractured end of the femoral neck fracture can be compressed, can be axially locked and supported, is also dynamic fixation, improves the stability and reliability of the internal fixation of the femoral neck, can adapt to the dynamic compression characteristic of bone growth, and is more beneficial to the healing of the fractured end.
But their locking plates and compression screws are fixed together, the following problems will arise:
1. because the phenomenon that the femoral neck can shorten in the in-process of healing up, consequently the femoral neck can move backward relative to the femoral neck at the in-process forcing screw that shortens, makes locking steel plate also follow relative femoral neck and moves backward from this, will extrude surrounding musculature, leads to causing oppression and damage to soft tissues such as the muscle around the thighbone.
2. The compression screw can repeatedly advance and retreat in the movement process, the locking steel plate can also repeatedly advance and retreat along with the compression screw, and finally the fixing failure of the femoral head can be caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a dynamic compression device for repairing bone wounds, aiming at overcoming the defects of the prior art, and solving the technical problems that in the dynamic compression process of the prior art, when a compression screw moves backwards relative to a femoral neck, a locking steel plate also moves backwards relative to the femoral neck, so that soft tissues such as muscles around the femur and the like are pressed and damaged, and the femoral head is fixed and fails.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a dynamic pressure device for repairing bone wound comprises a bone fracture plate with an inner surface matched with the shape of the lower part of a femoral greater tuberosity, a screw hole arranged on the bone fracture plate and a pressure screw inserted on the screw hole,
the central axis of the screw hole is inclined upwards; the screw hole comprises a bowl-shaped lower part and a cylindrical upper part, one end of the lower part close to the inner side of the bone fracture plate is provided with a clamping structure, and the upper part is of a unthreaded hole structure; the lower part of the pressurizing screw is a locking structure matched with the clamping structure, and the upper part of the pressurizing screw is a non-locking structure capable of moving in the screw hole; the lower part of the screw hole on the bone fracture plate is also provided with a locking hole, and the locking hole is used for penetrating a locking nail.
As a further improvement to the invention, the clamping structure is a threaded structure.
As a further improvement of the invention, the locking structure of the compression screw is a threaded rod.
As a further improvement to the invention, the non-locking structure of the compression screw is a smooth-shaped polish rod.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the screw hole includes a first screw hole, a second screw hole, and a third screw hole, and the first screw hole, the second screw hole, and the third screw hole are distributed in a triangular shape.
As a further improvement of the present invention, an angle between the central axis of the first screw hole, the second screw hole, and the third screw hole and the central axis of the locking hole is θ =36 ° -50 °.
As a further development of the invention, the mutual distance between the centre points of the first screw hole, the second screw hole and the third screw hole is 1.2-3 times the diameter of the screw thread of the head of the compression screw.
As a further improvement of the invention, the lower part of the locking hole is provided with a thread structure.
As a further improvement of the invention, the top end of the upper part of the compression screw is also connected with a screw head matched with the bowl-shaped structure at the lower part of the screw hole, and the upper end surface of the screw head is concavely provided with a locking port matched with a screwdriver for use.
As a further improvement of the invention, the middle section of the upper part of the screw hole is provided with a thread structure for screwing the positioner.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. through three screw holes that are triangle-shaped and distribute, and the central axis is parallel to each other and tilt up can make compression screw also can effectually fall the power dispersion that the thighbone neck received when pressurizeing fixedly to thighbone neck (fracture broken end), increase the holistic bearing capacity of pressurization fixing device, support intensity higher and make the difficult emergence displacement of thighbone neck, improve fixed effect.
2. The locking structure of the compression screw passes through the screw hole to fix the femoral neck through the clamping mechanism at the lower part of the screw hole; the non-locking structure of the compression screw can be clamped by tight thread joint, so that the inclination direction of the compression screw is limited and the compression screw is not easy to shake, the rotation stability of the compression screw is better in the process that the compression screw penetrates through the bone fracture plate and is implanted into a bone, and the axial displacement cannot occur after the compression screw is screwed in, so that the compression screw is prevented from shaking in the bone, and the power compression function in the radial direction can be kept; and the upper part of the compression screw can be limited and clamped, so that the compression screw is prevented from passing through the screw hole and separating from the bone fracture plate.
3. Can be in the same place bone plate and femoral neck are fixed through locking hole and locking nail, then the non-locking structure of forcing screw can make the forcing screw not remove in the screw hole by the restriction of screw hole, and be the detached state between the bone plate, from this make the forcing screw can move the bone plate relatively, at the in-process that the healing shortened when the femoral neck, the non-locking structure of forcing screw will pass the screw hole relative femoral neck on the bone plate and move backward, and the bone plate will follow the femoral neck and move forward under the effect of locking nail, be in the same place with femoral neck is fixed all the time, thereby can avoid the bone plate to follow the forcing screw and lead to leading to the fact oppression and the problem of damage to soft tissues such as muscle around the thighbone together backward, can stabilize dynamic pressurization, also can protect the soft tissue.
4. Because the compression screw can move on the bone fracture plate, only the compression screw repeatedly advances and retreats in the movement process, and the bone fracture plate always fixes the femoral neck, so the phenomenon that the femoral head loosens along with the movement of the compression screw can be avoided, the fixing effect is good, and the healing time can be effectively shortened.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of a bone plate of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the bone plate of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a view showing the state of the structure of the pressurizing screw of the present invention when it is inserted into the screw hole;
FIG. 5 is a view showing the state of the structure of the compression screw according to the present invention after the compression screw is inserted into the screw hole;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 5 at A;
FIG. 7 is a schematic front view of the present invention in use;
FIG. 8 is a schematic right-view structural view of the present invention in use;
wherein the reference numerals are:
1. a bone plate; 2. screw holes; 21. a third screw hole; 22. a second screw hole; 23. a first screw hole; 3. a locking hole; 4. a compression screw; 41. a screw head; 5. locking the nail; 6. and (4) a thread structure.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The application provides a dynamic compression device for repairing bone wounds, and for facilitating understanding, please refer to fig. 1, which comprises a bone fracture plate 1, a screw hole 2 and a compression screw 4, wherein the inner surface of the bone fracture plate 1 is matched with the shape of the lower part of a femoral greater tuberosity, the screw hole 2 is arranged on the bone fracture plate 1, the compression screw 4 is inserted into the screw hole 2, the bone fracture plate 1 is a steel plate or a titanium alloy plate, the bone fracture plate 1 is of an irregular broom-shaped plate type, the maximum length of the bone fracture plate 1 is L1=40-200mm, models with different lengths can be manufactured according to actual conditions at intervals of 5mm so as to be suitable for patients with different femur sizes, the thickness is R1=6-15mm, the area of the upper part of the bone fracture plate 1 is larger than the area of the lower part, namely the width of the upper part is larger than that of the lower part, the width of the upper part is W1=15-40mm, the width of the lower part is W2=6-12mm, the screw hole 2 is arranged on the area of the upper part, and the screw hole 2 comprises a first screw hole 23, a second screw hole is arranged on the lower part of the second screw hole, and a second screw hole is arranged on the second screw hole, and a second screw hole, the second screw hole is arranged on the second screw hole, the second hole is arranged on the second hole, the third hole is arranged on the third hole, the fourth hole is arranged on the fourth hole, the, Second screw hole 22 and third screw hole 21, three screw hole 2 stagger the setting respectively, and its second screw hole 22 staggers the setting with first screw hole 23 and third screw hole 21 respectively, is located between these two screw holes 2.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, specifically, the second screw hole 22 is disposed on the left side of a connecting line of center points of the first screw hole 23 and the third screw hole 21, the three screw holes 2 are distributed in a triangular shape, a distance from the center point of the second screw hole 22 to the center point of the first screw hole 23 is the same as a distance from the center point of the second screw hole 22 to the center point of the third screw hole 21, the distance is L2=9-15mm, a distance from the center point of the first screw hole 23 to the center point of the third screw hole 21 is L3=9-20mm, since the diameter of the compression screw 4 affects the diameter of the screw hole, the diameter of the screw hole affects the distance between center lines of the screw hole, and the mutual distance between the center points of the three screw holes is 1.2-3 times of the diameter of the screw of the compression screw head.
An isosceles triangle or an equilateral triangle is formed among the three screw holes 2, the central axes of the three screw holes 2 are parallel to each other and are inclined upwards, i.e. the screw holes 2 are arranged obliquely upwards, the compression screw 4 is inserted obliquely through the screw hole 2 and is implanted into the bone, and the inclination angle is theta = 36-50 degrees, i.e. the included angle between the central axes of the three screw holes 2 and the central axis of the locking hole 3 is theta = 36-50 degrees.
Referring to fig. 4, 5 and 6, the screw hole 2 includes a bowl-shaped lower portion and a cylindrical upper portion, the upper portion and the lower portion are structures of the screw hole 2 when the bone plate 1 is in a horizontal state, the height of the upper portion is H1=5-8mm, the height of the lower portion is H2=2-4mm, one end of the lower portion close to the inner side of the bone plate 1 is provided with a clamping structure, the height of the clamping structure is H3=1-2mm, the upper portion is a smooth hole structure, i.e., the inner diameter of the lower portion of the screw hole 2 is gradually reduced into a bowl-shaped structure, the clamping structure is arranged on the inner side of the lower portion of the screw hole 2, the lower portion of the compression screw 4 is a locking structure matched with the clamping structure, the locking structure and the clamping structure cooperate to enable the locking portion of the compression screw 4 to penetrate through the screw hole 2 and be implanted into a bone, the upper portion is a non-locking structure movable in the screw hole 2, the non-locking structure is tightly screwed with the clamping structure, can freely pass through the clamping structure and is not easy to shake.
Specifically, the clamping structure is a threaded structure 6, the locking structure of the compression screw 4 is a threaded rod, the diameter, the thread pitch and the tooth shape of the threaded structure 6 can be matched with the threaded rod at the head of the compression screw 4 so that the compression screw can be screwed in and pass through, the non-locking structure of the compression screw 4 is a smooth polished rod, the tail part of the polished rod is a bowl-shaped structure, the bowl-shaped structure is matched with the bowl-shaped structure at the upper part of the screw hole 2 so that the bowl-shaped tail part of the compression screw 4 is embedded into the lower part of the screw hole 2 and cannot pass through the screw hole 2, namely, the compression screw 4 consists of the threaded rod at the lower part and the polished rod at the upper part, the length of the compression screw 4 is L4=70-120mm, the top end of the upper part of the compression screw 4 is also connected with a screw head 41 matched with the bowl-shaped structure at the lower part of the screw hole 2, when the compression screw 4 is implanted into a bone, the screw head 41 is just positioned in the bowl-shaped structure at the lower part and also just stuck with the threaded structure 6, the upper end face of the screw head 41 is concavely provided with a locking port matched with a screwdriver for use, the compression screw 4 can be implanted into a bone through the locking port, further, the middle section of the unthreaded hole structure is provided with a thread structure, the diameter between the thread structures is larger than that of the thread structure 6, the compression screw can be conveniently screwed into a positioner of the femoral head guide pin, and the positioner is not easy to shake in the screwing process.
With reference to fig. 2, the bone plate 1 is further provided with locking holes 3 at the lower portion of the screw hole 2, the locking holes 3 are detachably connected with locking nails 5, the number of the locking holes 3 is 1-5, the locking holes are equidistantly arranged at intervals, the distance between the centers of two adjacent locking holes 3 is L5=6-12mm, the hole diameters of the locking holes 3 are tapered from top to bottom, the lower portion of the locking holes 3 is provided with a thread structure, the locking nails 5 are also provided with thread structures, the bone plate 1 can be fixed on the femoral neck through the actions of the locking holes 3 and the locking nails 5, and is connected with the femoral neck, further, two positioning holes are respectively arranged between the first screw hole 23 and the third screw hole 21 and between two adjacent locking holes 3, so that the bone plate 1 can be fixed conveniently, and the compression screws 4 can be accurately inserted into the femur.
Referring to fig. 7 and 8, since the non-locking portion of the compression screw 4 can freely pass through the screw hole 2 of the bone plate 1, the bone plate 1 and the compression screw 4 are separated, when the femoral neck is shortened in the healing process, the bone plate 1 is always fixed with the femoral neck and moves forward along with the femoral neck, so that the femoral neck is always fixed and is not easy to shift, the portion of the compression screw 4 implanted in the femoral neck is reduced, the compression screw 4 moves backward relative to the femoral neck, that is, when the femoral neck and the bone plate 1 move forward together, the compression screw 4 passes through the screw hole 2 of the bone plate 1 and moves backward relative to the femoral neck.
It should be noted that when the compression screw 4 is completely implanted into the bone, the compression screw 4 is located at the lower portion of the screw hole 2, and the compression screw 4 moves only in the upper portion of the screw hole 2 when moving relative to the screw hole 2, and is always located in the screw hole 2, that is, when the femoral neck moves forward together with the bone plate 1, the compression screw 4 will move from the lower portion of the screw hole 2 to the upper portion, and the moving range is the height of the upper portion of the screw hole 2, that is, the moving distance is S1=5-8 mm.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: selecting a proper product type according to the size of the femur of a patient, and after selection, pulling the patient in a supine position to draw the affected limb, adducting the affected limb, internally rotating for 12-15 degrees, and restoring the femoral neck. Placing 1 Kirschner wire with the diameter of 3mm on the surface of the skin in front of the femoral neck, enabling the Kirschner wire to be 6-8mm away from the upper edge of the femoral neck and to be axially parallel to the femoral neck under the front-back perspective of a C-arm machine, enabling the neck angle of the guide wire to be about 130 degrees, fixing the bone fracture plate 1 at a proper position, positioning by using a common femoral head guide wire positioner, drilling 3 guide wires with the diameter of 3.0 into the femur, calculating the implantation length, enabling the tip of the guide wire to be 3mm away from the lower part of the femoral head cartilage, enabling the 3 guide wires to be parallel, removing the bone fracture plate 1, the positioner and the Kirschner wire, sequentially penetrating 3 guide wires by using a proper drill bit, drilling according to the direction of the guide wires, calculating the drilling depth, enabling the tip of the drill bit to be 5-7mm away from the tip of the guide wire, and finally taking out the drill bit after the drilling is finished. The bone fracture plate 1 is attached to the femur again, 3 guide pins penetrate through 3 screw holes 2 of the bone fracture plate 1 to fix the position, then a hexagonal plum blossom medical screwdriver is used for sequentially penetrating 3 metal bone fracture screws through the guide pins to be implanted into the femur, 3 guide pins are removed, and finally 2 locking nails 5 are sequentially penetrated through two locking holes 3 at the lower end of the bone fracture plate 1 to be fixed into the femur.
In summary, the invention has the following advantages:
1. through three screw holes that are triangle-shaped and distribute, and the central axis is parallel to each other and tilt up can make compression screw also can effectually fall the power dispersion that the thighbone neck received when pressurizeing fixedly to thighbone neck (fracture broken end), increase the holistic bearing capacity of pressurization fixing device, support intensity higher and make the difficult emergence displacement of thighbone neck, improve fixed effect.
2. The locking structure of the compression screw passes through the screw hole to fix the femoral neck through the clamping mechanism at the lower part of the screw hole; the non-locking structure of the compression screw can be clamped by tight thread joint, so that the inclination direction of the compression screw is limited and the compression screw is not easy to shake, the rotation stability of the compression screw is better in the process that the compression screw penetrates through the bone fracture plate and is implanted into a bone, and the axial displacement cannot occur after the compression screw is screwed in, so that the compression screw is prevented from shaking in the bone, and the power compression function in the radial direction can be kept; and the upper part of the compression screw can be limited and clamped, so that the compression screw is prevented from passing through the screw hole and separating from the bone fracture plate.
3. Can be in the same place bone plate and femoral neck are fixed through locking hole and locking nail, then the non-locking structure of forcing screw can make the forcing screw not remove in the screw hole by the restriction of screw hole, and be the detached state between the bone plate, from this make the forcing screw can move the bone plate relatively, at the in-process that the healing shortened when the femoral neck, the non-locking structure of forcing screw will pass the screw hole relative femoral neck on the bone plate and move backward, and the bone plate will follow the femoral neck and move forward under the effect of locking nail, be in the same place with femoral neck is fixed all the time, thereby can avoid the bone plate to follow the forcing screw and lead to leading to the fact oppression and the problem of damage to soft tissues such as muscle around the thighbone together backward, can stabilize dynamic pressurization, also can protect the soft tissue.
4. Because the compression screw can move on the bone fracture plate, only the compression screw repeatedly advances and retreats in the movement process, and the bone fracture plate always fixes the femoral neck, so the phenomenon that the femoral head loosens along with the movement of the compression screw can be avoided, the fixing effect is good, and the healing time can be effectively shortened.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A dynamic pressure device for repairing bone wound comprises a bone fracture plate with an inner surface matched with the shape of the lower part of a femoral greater tuberosity, a screw hole arranged on the bone fracture plate and a pressure screw inserted on the screw hole,
the central axis of the screw hole is inclined upwards;
the screw hole comprises a bowl-shaped lower part and a cylindrical upper part, one end of the lower part close to the inner side of the bone fracture plate is provided with a clamping structure, and the upper part is of a unthreaded hole structure;
the lower part of the pressurizing screw is a locking structure matched with the clamping structure, and the upper part of the pressurizing screw is a non-locking structure capable of moving in the screw hole;
the lower part of the screw hole on the bone fracture plate is also provided with a locking hole, and the locking hole is used for penetrating a locking nail.
2. The dynamic compression device of bone wound repair of claim 1, wherein the gripping structure is a threaded structure.
3. The dynamic compression device of bone wound repair of claim 2, wherein the locking structure of the compression screw is a threaded shaft.
4. The dynamic compression device of bone wound repair of claim 3, wherein the non-locking structure of the compression screw is a smooth shaped polished rod.
5. The dynamic compression device of bone wound repair of claim 1, wherein the screw holes include a first screw hole, a second screw hole, and a third screw hole, the first screw hole, the second screw hole, and the third screw hole being triangularly shaped.
6. The dynamic compression device for bone wound repair of claim 5, wherein the angle between the central axis of the first, second and third screw holes and the central axis of the locking hole is θ =36 ° -50 °.
7. The dynamic compression device for bone wound repair of claim 6, wherein the mutual distance between the center points of the first, second and third screw holes is 1.2-3 times the diameter of the screw thread of the compression screw head.
8. The dynamic compression device for bone wound repair of claim 1, wherein a lower portion of the locking hole is provided with a thread structure.
9. The dynamic pressure device for bone wound repair according to claim 1, wherein a screw head matched with the bowl structure at the lower part of the screw hole is further connected to the top end of the upper part of the pressure screw, and a locking port matched with a screwdriver is concavely arranged on the upper end surface of the screw head.
10. The dynamic compression device for bone wound repair of claim 1, wherein the upper mid-section of the screw hole is provided with a thread structure for screwing in a locator.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122524106.XU CN216535477U (en) | 2021-10-20 | 2021-10-20 | Dynamic pressurizing device for bone wound repair |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122524106.XU CN216535477U (en) | 2021-10-20 | 2021-10-20 | Dynamic pressurizing device for bone wound repair |
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| CN216535477U true CN216535477U (en) | 2022-05-17 |
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| CN202122524106.XU Active CN216535477U (en) | 2021-10-20 | 2021-10-20 | Dynamic pressurizing device for bone wound repair |
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- 2021-10-20 CN CN202122524106.XU patent/CN216535477U/en active Active
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Denomination of utility model: A dynamic compression device for repairing bone trauma Effective date of registration: 20220617 Granted publication date: 20220517 Pledgee: Bank of Hainan Co.,Ltd. Chengmai technology sub branch Pledgor: Hainan Susheng Biotechnology Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2022980008180 |
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