CN216398735U

CN216398735U - Damping mechanism and machine tool

Info

Publication number: CN216398735U
Application number: CN202122547146.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 万力游; 尚吉顺; 张春晖
Original assignee: Hunan Zdcy Cnc Equipment Co ltd
Current assignee: Hunan Zdcy Cnc Equipment Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-10-21
Filing date: 2021-10-21
Publication date: 2022-04-29
Anticipated expiration: 2031-10-21

Abstract

The utility model discloses a damping mechanism and a machine tool, wherein the damping mechanism comprises a stop piece and a damping piece, the stop piece is arranged on a tool box body or a rotary shaft box body, the damping piece is arranged on the rotary shaft box body or the tool box body corresponding to the stop piece, and the damping piece is attached to the stop piece, wherein when a workpiece is machined, the stop piece and the damping piece form a friction pair, and a damping force for inhibiting the rotation of a B shaft of a rotary shaft is generated. According to the damping mechanism and the machine tool, the random swing of the rotating shaft B shaft under the action of the cutting force can be inhibited, so that the machine tool can normally process.

Description

Damping mechanism and machine tool

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to machine tools, and particularly to a damping mechanism and a machine tool.

Background

In order to adjust the machining angle of the cutter, a rotary shaft box body is arranged on part of the machine tool, a rotary shaft B shaft is arranged in the rotary shaft box body, a cutter box body is fixedly arranged on the rotary shaft B shaft, a cutter spindle C shaft is arranged in the cutter box body, a cutter for machining a workpiece is arranged on the cutter spindle C shaft, and the cutter can be driven to machine the workpiece by rotating the cutter spindle C shaft. When the machining angle of the cutter needs to be adjusted, the rotating shaft B is rotated for a set angle according to a machining program, the rotating shaft B can drive the cutter box body to swing for a set angle, and the cutter box body further drives the cutter main shaft C and the cutter to swing for a set angle, so that the machining angle of the cutter is adjusted.

Although the existing machine tool can adjust the machining angle of the cutter, the following disadvantages exist: because the machining position of the cutter and the axis of the rotating shaft B shaft have a set distance, a large torque can be applied to the rotating shaft B shaft by the cutting force generated when a workpiece is machined, and the torque can cause the rotating shaft B shaft to swing around the axis of the rotating shaft B shaft freely, so that the machine tool cannot machine normally.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the utility model provides a damping mechanism which can restrain the rotating shaft B shaft from swinging freely under the action of cutting force, thereby enabling the machine tool to process normally.

In addition, the utility model also provides a machine tool provided with the damping mechanism in the second aspect.

A damping mechanism according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the utility model includes:

the stop piece is arranged on the cutter box body or the rotary shaft box body;

the damping piece is arranged on the rotating shaft box body or the cutter box body corresponding to the stop piece and is attached to the stop piece;

wherein, when processing the work piece, the stopper and the damping piece constitute a friction pair, and generate a damping force for suppressing the rotation of the rotating shaft B axis.

According to the damping mechanism provided by the embodiment of the utility model, at least the following technical effects are achieved:

a tool spindle C shaft is arranged in the tool box body, a tool is arranged on the tool spindle C shaft, and the tool can be driven to process a workpiece by rotating the tool spindle C shaft. When a workpiece is machined, a large torque is applied to the rotating shaft B by the generated cutting force, and the torque causes the rotating shaft B to tend to swing around the axis of the rotating shaft B. In the embodiment, the stop piece and the damping piece are arranged, the stop piece and the damping piece form a friction pair, and the damping force for inhibiting the rotation of the B shaft of the rotating shaft can be generated, so that the influence of random swing of the B shaft of the rotating shaft on normal machining of a machine tool during machining of a workpiece can be avoided.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the damping member includes a plurality of friction plates provided on the rotary shaft case or the cutter case, the friction plates are perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotary shaft B-axis, and the friction plates abut against the stopper member.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the friction plates are provided in a plurality of sets, each set including two friction plates arranged in the axial direction of the B-axis of the rotating shaft, and the two friction plates of the same set are attached to opposite sides of the stopper member.

According to some embodiments of the utility model, two friction plates of the same set are movably adjustable in a direction towards or away from each other.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the damping mechanism further includes a cylinder disposed on the rotary shaft box or the tool box, the cylinder has a plurality of cavities, two pistons are slidably disposed in the cavities along the axial direction of the rotary shaft B, an opening is disposed in a position between the two pistons, the stopper passes through the opening and extends between the two pistons, the two friction plates in the same group are disposed at one end of the two pistons close to each other, and an oil inlet hole or an air inlet hole is disposed in a position of the cavity at a side of the two pistons away from each other.

According to some embodiments of the utility model, the friction plate is detachably disposed on the piston.

According to some embodiments of the utility model, the friction plate is disposed on the piston by a countersunk screw.

According to some embodiments of the utility model, a caulking groove is arranged on one side of each of the two corresponding pistons, and the friction plate is partially embedded in the caulking groove.

According to some embodiments of the utility model, a seal is provided between an outer side wall of the piston and an inner side wall of the cavity.

According to some embodiments of the utility model, the cylinder body is detachably provided with sealing cover plates at two ends of the cavity, and the sealing cover plates are used for sealing two ends of the cavity.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, a material conveying pipeline is disposed on the cylinder body, and the material conveying pipeline is communicated with all of the oil inlet holes or the air inlet holes.

According to some embodiments of the utility model, an end of the stopper near the friction plate is provided with a stopper piece which is parallel to the friction plate and abuts against the friction plate.

According to a machine tool according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the utility model, the damping mechanism according to the embodiment of the first aspect of the utility model is provided.

According to the machine tool provided by the embodiment of the utility model, at least the following technical effects are achieved:

according to the machine tool provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the damping mechanism is arranged to inhibit the rotating shaft B shaft from swinging randomly under the action of the cutting force, so that the machine tool can machine normally.

Additional aspects and advantages of the utility model will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the utility model.

Drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an installation view of the damping mechanism;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of one of the viewing angles of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view from another perspective of the present invention;

reference numerals:

a stopper 100, a stopper piece 101; friction plate 200, countersunk head screw 201; the device comprises a cylinder body 300, a cavity 301, a piston 302, an oil inlet 303, an embedded groove 304, a sealing ring 305, a sealing cover plate 306 and a material conveying pipeline 307; the machine tool comprises a machine tool body 400, a vertical column 401, a revolving shaft box body 402, a revolving shaft B shaft 403, a tool box body 404, a tool spindle C shaft 405, a tool 406, a sliding table 407 and a workpiece spindle A shaft 408.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on the orientations and positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more and "plural groups" means two or more groups unless otherwise specified.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

A damping mechanism and a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention are described below with reference to fig. 1 to 5.

A damping mechanism according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, includes:

a stopper 100 provided on the tool case 404 or the swivel case 402;

a damping member provided on the rotary shaft case 402 or the tool case 404 corresponding to the stopper 100, the damping member being attached to the stopper 100;

here, when the workpiece is machined, the stopper 100 and the damper constitute a friction pair, and a damping force for suppressing rotation of the rotating shaft B shaft 403 is generated.

In this embodiment, the machine tool is provided with a revolving shaft box 402, a revolving shaft B shaft 403 is provided in the revolving shaft box 402, a tool box 404 is fixedly provided on the revolving shaft B shaft 403, a tool spindle C shaft 405 is provided in the tool box 404, a tool 406 is provided on the tool spindle C shaft 405, and the tool spindle C shaft 405 is rotated to drive the tool 406 to process a workpiece. When a workpiece is machined, a large torque is applied to the rotating shaft B-shaft 403 by the generated cutting force, and the torque causes the rotating shaft B-shaft 403 to tend to swing around its axis. In this embodiment, the stopper 100 and the damper are provided, the stopper 100 and the damper constitute a friction pair, and a damping force for suppressing the swing of the swing shaft B-shaft 403 can be generated, so that it is possible to prevent the swing shaft B-shaft 403 from freely swinging during the machining of a workpiece from affecting the normal machining of the machine tool.

It should be noted that the stop member 100 and the damping member are disposed correspondingly, specifically, when the stop member 100 is disposed on the tool box 404, the damping member is disposed on the rotating shaft box 402, and when the stop member 100 is disposed on the rotating shaft box 402, the damping member is disposed on the tool box 404. When a workpiece is machined by a machine tool, the rotating shaft B shaft 403 tends to swing, and the tool case 404 thereon tends to swing, so that a friction pair is formed between the stopper 100 and the damping member to generate a frictional force, i.e., a damping force, which can suppress the tool case 404 and the rotating shaft B shaft 403 from swinging. It is understood that when the driving mechanism on the machine tool applies the driving force to the swing shaft B-shaft 403, the driving force is much larger than the damping force generated between the stopper 100 and the damping member, so that the damping force does not restrict the swing shaft B-shaft 403 from actively rotating.

In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3 to 5, the damping member includes a plurality of friction plates 200 provided on the rotating shaft case 402 or the cutter case 404, friction surfaces of the friction plates 200 are perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotating shaft B-shaft 403, and friction surfaces of the friction plates 200 engage with the stopper member 100. When the machine tool machines a workpiece, there is a tendency for relative sliding between the stopper member 100 and the friction plate 200, and the friction plate 200 thereby applies a frictional resistance, that is, a damping force that suppresses the rotation of the swing shaft B shaft 403, to the stopper member 100. In this embodiment, the damping member is provided with a plurality of friction plates 200, and not only is the frictional resistance applied to the stopper member 100 large, thereby providing a good effect of suppressing the rotation of the B-shaft 403 of the rotating shaft, but also the friction plates 200 are inexpensive and have a long service life. The arrangement position of the friction plate 200 is determined based on the arrangement position of the stopper 100, and when the stopper 100 is arranged on the cutter housing 404, the friction plate 200 is arranged on the rotary shaft housing 402, and when the stopper 100 is arranged on the rotary shaft housing 402, the friction plate 200 is arranged on the cutter housing 404. The number of the friction plates 200 may be one or more according to the actual situation, and for example, when the rotation axis B-shaft 403 is greatly affected by the cutting force and the tendency of the rotation axis B-shaft 403 to swing is large, a plurality of friction plates 200 may be provided. The damping member may have another structure, for example, a friction block or a rubber block provided on the swivel case 402 or the cutter case 404, and may be configured to be in contact with the stopper 100 and form a friction pair with the stopper 100.

In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3 to 5, the friction plates 200 are provided in a plurality of sets, each set of the friction plates 200 includes two friction plates 200 arranged in the axial direction of the B-axis 403 of the rotational axis, and the two friction plates 200 of the same set are fitted to opposite sides of the stopper member 100. Further, when the workpiece is machined, the stopper 100 receives a large frictional resistance from the friction plate 200, and the rotation of the rotation shaft B shaft 403 is suppressed more effectively. In addition, the friction plates 200 of the same set are engaged with the retaining member 100, so that the friction plates 200 are prevented from being not tightly attached to the retaining member 100 due to the axial swing of the retaining member 100 along the pivot axis B403.

In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3 and 5, two friction plates 200 of the same set can be movably adjusted in a direction toward or away from each other. Furthermore, the magnitude of the pressure applied by the friction plate 200 to the stopper 100 can be adjusted according to actual requirements, so that the magnitude of the friction force applied by the friction plate 200 to the stopper 100 can be adjusted according to actual requirements. For example, in a partial machining method, after a drive mechanism on the machine tool drives the rotating shaft B shaft 403 to rotate by a set angle and the rotating shaft B shaft 403 is stationary, the workpiece is machined. In this case, the influence of the cutting force on the rotation shaft B403 is small, the tendency of the rotation shaft B403 to rotate is small, and further, the two friction plates 200 of the same set can be moved in the direction away from each other by a set distance, and the driving force required for the driving mechanism to drive the rotation shaft B403 to rotate is small while the rotation shaft B403 is kept suppressed. In the partial machining method, after the drive mechanism on the machine tool rotates the pivot B-axis 403 by a predetermined angle, the pivot housing 402 needs to be moved on the machine tool when machining a workpiece, for example, the feed amount is adjusted, and the pivot B-axis 403 moves accordingly. In this case, the influence of the cutting force on the rotating shaft B403 is large, the tendency of the rotating shaft B403 to rotate is large, and the two friction plates 200 of the same set can be moved in the direction of approaching each other by a set distance to ensure that the rotation of the rotating shaft B403 can be suppressed.

In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the damping mechanism further includes a cylinder 300 disposed on a rotary shaft housing 402 or a tool housing 404, the cylinder 300 is provided with a plurality of cavities 301, two pistons 302 are disposed in the cavities 301 in a sliding manner along the axial direction of a rotary shaft B403, the cavities 301 are provided with openings at positions between the two pistons 302, the stoppers 100 pass through the openings and extend between the two pistons 302, the two friction plates 200 of the same group are disposed at ends of the two pistons 302 close to each other, and the cavities 301 are provided with oil inlets 303 or air inlets at positions of sides of the two pistons 302 away from each other. When the cavity 301 is provided with the oil inlet 303, oil enters the cavity 301 on the side where the two pistons 302 face away from each other through the oil inlet 303, and the oil pushes the friction plates 200 on the two pistons 302 to move synchronously in the direction of approaching each other and to be attached to the stopper 100. The friction plates 200 on the two pistons 302 can be adjusted by controlling the amount of oil entering the cavity 301, for example, when the amount of oil entering the cavity 301 is increased, the friction plates 200 on the two pistons 302 can approach each other, thereby increasing the pressure applied to the stopper 100. When the amount of oil entering the cavity 301 is reduced, the friction plates 200 on the two pistons 302 can be separated from each other, so that the pressure applied to the stop piece 100 is reduced, the operation is convenient, and the time and the labor are saved. When the cavity 301 is provided with the air inlet hole, the compressed air enters the cavity 301 on the side where the two pistons 302 depart from each other through the air inlet hole, and then the friction plates 200 on the two pistons 302 can be pushed to synchronously move towards the direction of mutual approach and be attached to the stop piece 100, and the friction plates 200 on the two pistons 302 can be moved and adjusted by controlling the amount of the compressed air entering the cavity 301. It should be noted that the friction plates 200 can also be adjusted by other means, for example, a plurality of air cylinders can be disposed on the revolving shaft box 402 or the cutter box 404, the friction plates 200 are disposed on the corresponding air cylinders, and the two friction plates 200 in the same group can be controlled to approach or move away from each other by the air cylinders. It is understood that the cylinder block 300 is disposed at a position corresponding to the stopper 100, and the cylinder block 300 is disposed on the rotary shaft housing 402 when the stopper 100 is disposed on the cutter housing 404, and the cylinder block 300 is disposed on the cutter housing 404 when the stopper 100 is disposed on the rotary shaft housing 402.

In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3 and 5, the friction plate 200 is removably disposed on the piston 302. And then the friction plate 200 is more convenient to disassemble and assemble when being cleaned, maintained or replaced.

In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3 and 5, the friction plate 200 is disposed on the piston 302 by a countersunk screw 201. The head of the countersunk head screw 201 can be embedded in the friction plate 200 without protruding the friction plate 200 to affect the adhesion of the friction plate 200 to the stopper 100. Of course, the friction plate 200 may be clamped to the piston 302.

In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3 and 5, a caulking groove 304 is formed at a side of each of the two pistons 302 adjacent to each other, and the friction plate 200 is partially inserted into the caulking groove 304. That is, the side of the friction plate 200 far from the stop member 100 is embedded in the caulking groove 304, and the side of the friction plate 200 near the stop member 100 protrudes out of the piston 302, so that not only is the friction plate 200 more stably installed, but also the overall size of the friction plate 200 and the piston 302 is smaller along the axial direction of the rotating shaft B-shaft 403, so that the required size of the cavity 301 is smaller, the required size of the cylinder 300 is smaller, and the material for preparing the cylinder 300 is saved.

In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3 and 5, a sealing ring 305 is disposed between the outer sidewall of the piston 302 and the inner sidewall of the cavity 301. The seal ring 305 plays a role of sealing, and can prevent oil or compressed air in the cavity 301 from flowing out through a gap between the outer side wall of the piston 302 and the inner side wall of the cavity 301.

In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3 and 5, the cylinder 300 is detachably provided with sealing caps 306 at both ends of the cavity 301, and the sealing caps 306 are used for covering both ends of the cavity 301. The sealing cover 306 can prevent oil or compressed air in the cavity 301 from flowing out from both ends of the cavity 301. The sealing cover 306 can be removed, which is more convenient when the piston 302 needs to be cleaned, repaired or replaced. The sealing cover 306 may be bolted or screwed to the cylinder 300 at both ends of the chamber 301.

In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, a material conveying pipeline 307 is disposed on the cylinder 300, and the material conveying pipeline 307 is communicated with all the oil inlets 303 or the air inlets. When the oil inlet holes 303 are arranged, oil only needs to be input into the material conveying pipeline 307, and the oil can enter the corresponding cavities 301 from all the oil inlet holes 303, so that all the friction plates 200 are controlled to move. When air inlets are arranged, compressed air can enter the cavity 301 from all the air inlets only by inputting compressed air into the material conveying pipeline 307, so that all the friction plates 200 are controlled to move. Convenient operation, labour saving and time saving makes all friction discs 200 can the synchronous adjustment moreover, and the practicality is good.

In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3 and 5, a stopper piece 101 is disposed at an end of the stopper 100 close to the friction plate 200, and the stopper piece 101 is parallel to the friction plate 200 and abuts against a friction surface of the friction plate 200. The stopper 101 has a plate-like structure, and is closely fitted to the friction plate 200, thereby providing a better effect of suppressing the rotation of the rotating shaft B-shaft 403.

According to a machine tool according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the utility model, a damping mechanism according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the utility model is provided. The damping mechanism can restrain the rotating shaft B403 from swinging freely under the action of cutting force, so that the machine tool can machine normally. It should be noted that there are various types of machine tools, for example, as shown in fig. 1, the machine tool may include a machine tool body 400, the machine tool body 400 may be provided with a column 401 slidably along a horizontal axis direction Y axis direction, a rotary shaft housing 402 may be slidably mounted on the column 401 along a vertical axis direction Z axis direction, a rotary shaft B axis 403 is provided in the rotary shaft housing 402, an axial direction of the rotary shaft B axis 403 may be an X axis direction, a tool housing 404 may be fixedly provided on the rotary shaft B axis 403 and swing along with the rotary shaft B axis 403, a tool spindle C axis 405 is provided in the tool housing 404, the tool spindle C axis 405 may be perpendicular to the rotary shaft B axis 403, one end of the tool spindle C axis 405 extends out of the tool housing 404 and is provided with a tool 406, further, the machine tool body 400 may be provided with a sliding table 407 slidably along the horizontal axis direction X axis direction, the sliding table 407 may be provided with a workpiece spindle a axis 408, and a workpiece may be mounted on the workpiece spindle a spindle 408.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

While embodiments of the utility model have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the utility model, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A damping mechanism, comprising:

a stopper (100) provided on the tool case or the rotary shaft case;

a damping member provided on the rotary shaft case or the tool case corresponding to the stopper (100), the damping member being attached to the stopper (100);

wherein, when processing the work piece, the stopper (100) and the damping piece form a friction pair, and generate a damping force for inhibiting the rotation of the rotating shaft B shaft;

the damping piece comprises a plurality of friction plates (200) arranged on the rotary shaft box body or the cutter box body, the friction plates (200) are perpendicular to the axial direction of the B shaft of the rotary shaft, and the friction plates (200) are attached to the stop piece (100);

one end, close to the friction plate (200), of the stop piece (100) is provided with a stop piece (101), and the stop piece (101) is parallel to the friction plate (200) and attached to the friction plate (200).

2. The damper mechanism according to claim 1, wherein said friction plates (200) are provided in a plurality of sets, each set of said friction plates (200) comprising two said friction plates (200) arranged in the axial direction of the B-axis of said rotation shaft, and two said friction plates (200) of the same set being fitted to opposite sides of said stopper member (100).

3. A damping mechanism according to claim 2, wherein two friction plates (200) of the same set are movably adjustable in a direction towards or away from each other.

4. The damping mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that the damping mechanism further comprises a cylinder (300) disposed on the rotary shaft box or the tool box, the cylinder (300) is provided with a plurality of cavities (301), two pistons (302) are disposed in the cavities (301) in a sliding manner along the axial direction of the rotary shaft B, an opening is disposed between the two pistons (302) in the cavity (301), the stop member (100) passes through the opening and extends between the two pistons (302), the two friction plates (200) in the same group are disposed at one ends of the two pistons (302) close to each other, and an oil inlet hole (303) or an air inlet hole is disposed at one side of the cavity (301) away from the two pistons (302).

5. A damping mechanism according to claim 4, characterised in that the friction plate (200) is removably arranged on the piston (302).

6. A damping mechanism according to claim 5, characterised in that the friction plate (200) is arranged on the piston (302) by means of a countersunk screw (201).

7. A damping mechanism according to claim 4, characterised in that the side of the respective pistons (302) adjacent is provided with a rebate (304), the friction plates (200) being partially recessed within the rebate (304).

8. A machine tool characterized in that a damping mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is provided.