CN216332027U - Automatic formula retarder state detection dolly - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an automatic retarder state detection trolley, which relates to the technical field of retarder detection, and comprises: a frame; a plurality of running mechanisms mounted at the bottom of the frame; the pressure measuring mechanism is arranged on the frame and can detect the oil gas pressure and the installation height of the retarder; the rail grabbing mechanism is used for offsetting the oil gas pressure of the retarder and is arranged on the same side of the frame as the pressure measuring mechanism; the distance measuring mechanism is arranged on the same side of the frame as the pressure measuring mechanism and can detect the mounting clearance of the retarder; and the control system is used for controlling the running and automatic stopping of the detection vehicle and completing the detection action. After the detection vehicle is started on the upper road, the position of the retarder can be automatically identified, the related technical parameters of the retarder can be detected, and the detection data are transmitted to the mobile terminal through a wireless transmission mode, so that the purpose of monitoring the state of the retarder in real time is achieved, firm track grasping can be achieved through the track grasping mechanism, and the situation of loosening is avoided.

Description

Automatic formula retarder state detection dolly

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of full-automatic detection equipment of a retarder, in particular to an automatic retarder state detection trolley.

Background

The retarder is a hydraulic device which is arranged on a steel rail, and after a vehicle is rolled, a sliding oil cylinder cap head brakes and decelerates the vehicle, and the hydraulic device has the advantages of small investment, high operating efficiency, high safety factor, no need of energy, stable and reliable speed control, high safety coupling rate, light and small structure and the like. The extensive application of retarder plays very effectual effect to marshalling yard operating efficiency, assurance transportation operation safety and personal safety, realizes that automatic hump swift current puts the operation. Therefore, the retarder has wide application range and large using quantity, is deeply favored by railway transportation departments and vast railway workers, and has all established retarder work areas in marshalling stations and factories and mines where the retarder is applied. The application of the retarder in the hump speed regulating system of the marshalling station greatly reduces shunting operation accidents, lightens the labor intensity of shunting operation personnel, improves the uncoiling capability and the operation efficiency of the marshalling station, and has better economic and social benefits. According to statistics, all the ways are provided with more than 100 ten thousand of various speed reducers.

At present, the performance test system of the domestic retarder is mainly divided into two types, one type is a circular track type retarder simulation test bed, and the other type is a test line test system.

(1) The circular rail type simulation test bed is an offline detection system:

the circular rail type simulation test bed is applied indoors. The basic principle is that wheels of a railway vehicle with the diameter of 840 mm are used for carrying out unidirectional rotary motion along a circular track with the diameter of 7 m. The wheel weight of the wheels can be changed by lifting the counterweight beam by the hydraulic jack, and the speed of the wheels can be controlled within the range of 1.5-28 km/h so as to meet the requirement of the performance detection of the retarder. The power of the motor and the rotational kinetic energy of the test bed are large, and the running speed of the whole test bed is relatively stable. The circular rail type retarder simulation test bed has the characteristics of high precision, high running stability and detection reliability, simplicity and convenience in operation and the like.

(2) Test line detection system:

the real working condition of the retarder can be simulated, and the performance condition of the retarder is tested through vehicle rolling. The vehicle is provided with corresponding displacement and pressure sensors, the braking power, the resistance power and the critical speed of the retarder are analyzed through the information collected by the sensors, and whether the performance of the retarder meets the requirements or not is judged.

The test line detection system is simple and convenient, the performance condition of the retarder is close to the performance of the working site condition, and the test result is accurate, but the test line detection system has the following defects:

1. the test cost is high: since it requires the laying of specific track lines, equipped with corresponding vehicles and equipment.

2. The testing efficiency is low: in the outdoor experiment process, personnel are required to continuously disassemble and assemble the retarder, the retarder is easily influenced by weather, and a large amount of retarder performance detection cannot be carried out.

3. The energy consumption is large.

Compared with a test line detection system, the circular track type retarder simulation test has many advantages. The whole test bed is arranged indoors, and the detection result is not influenced by weather; the railway track vehicle occupies a small area, does not need to lay a special railway line, and does not need a railway track vehicle, a 16-ton van and a counterweight vehicle.

Although the circular track type retarder simulation test bed has the advantages, the circular track type retarder simulation test bed still has the defects. Its construction costs are still high, not only requiring the equipping of a site of at least 7 m in diameter, but also requiring more places to arrange the rest of the supporting facilities. They all have the same other disadvantages. They are not only large in scale but also large in investment, once they are built, they cannot be moved, and the retarder to be tested must be sent to a testing station for testing. The number of detection stations is limited, and if the condition of the retarder occurs on site, long-distance transportation to the detection stations is possibly needed to detect.

The test systems are large fixed detection systems, are mainly used for development and development of products and batch delivery inspection, and cannot be applied to detection of the performance of the retarder on a marshalling station site. At present, the daily detection of the working condition of the on-site retarder is manually checked. The marshalling station has clear requirements on daily detection of the retarder, but due to the lack of detection equipment, workers can only detect the working condition of the retarder in a foot stepping mode. Whether the retarder is qualified or not is judged by artificially sensing the magnitude of the counterforce given to the foot by the retarder in the trampling process. The detection method completely depends on the working experience of workers, is inaccurate, cannot be quantified and has great randomness, and the same worker can obtain different judgments in different states. Another disadvantage of this method is that it causes a significant workload on the workers. Therefore, an equipment capable of realizing automatic detection of the running state of the retarder and quantitative judgment of the fault of the retarder is urgently needed on site.

At present, the condition that the retarder is abnormal in installation size, oil gas leaks, the retarder is dead due to investigation and research shows that the retarder works with diseases, and the train is off-line seriously. The daily inspection of the retarder in our office also depends on manual inspection, whether the external structure is damaged or not and oil leakage and the like are visually inspected, whether the retarder works or not and whether the braking performance is good or not can be judged only by adopting a mode of stepping on the retarder one by one, and the detection mode has the problems of rough detection, low efficiency, no detection data capable of being collected, high labor intensity and the like, and the effective detection of the retarder cannot be realized, so that the pathological operation of a plurality of retarders is caused, and the operation efficiency of a marshalling yard is influenced. Aiming at the current situation of the detection of the retarder, according to the standard of 'railway vehicle retarder' (TB/T2460-.

In summary, in the prior art, the retarder is detected by manual experience, so that the problems of low reliability of a detection result and high labor intensity exist, and meanwhile, in the existing detection equipment, the adopted rail grabbing mechanism cannot firmly grab the rail, so that the condition of loosening is easy to occur.

Therefore, an automatic retarder state detection trolley is provided.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide an automatic retarder state detection trolley, and provides a full-automatic retarder auxiliary detection trolley which can automatically run on a railway steel rail and automatically complete retarder related detection indexes aiming at the problems that daily inspection of a retarder depends on manual experience, the reliability of a detection result is low, a rail grabbing mechanism is not firm and the like, so that the labor cost is greatly saved, and the parameter detection accuracy of the retarder is improved. In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model provides the following technical scheme:

an automatic retarder state detection trolley comprises:

a frame;

the walking mechanisms are arranged at the bottom of the frame and provided with wheel supports and walking wheels hinged on the wheel supports, at least two walking mechanisms are also provided with power driving units, and the walking mechanisms are respectively arranged at two ends of the frame;

the pressure measuring mechanism is arranged on the frame and can detect the oil-gas pressure and the installation height of the retarder and is provided with a pressure driving unit, a pressure sensor connected to the output end of the pressure driving unit and a pressing block connected to the pressure sensor, wherein the pressure driving unit is provided with an electric cylinder for driving the pressing block to apply pressure to the retarder and an execution motor module for driving the electric cylinder to move;

the first position sensor is arranged on the pressing block and used for detecting the position of the retarder and sending a trigger signal, and the second position sensor is arranged on two sides of the pressing block and used for recording the travel distance of the traveling structure and sending a travel signal;

the rail grabbing mechanism is used for offsetting oil-gas pressure of the retarder and is arranged on the same side of the frame as the pressure measuring mechanism, and is provided with two clamping jaws which are symmetrically arranged and move below the frame, gears fixed at the end parts of the two clamping jaws, a rack mechanism meshed between the gears on the two clamping jaws and an electric push rod I capable of lifting or pushing down the rack mechanism;

the height measuring mechanisms are arranged on the pressing block and used for detecting the jacking height of the retarder, two groups of height measuring mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the pressing block, each group of height measuring mechanisms comprises a matrix optical fiber sensor used for emitting infrared rays and a matrix optical fiber sensor used for receiving the infrared rays, and each group of height measuring mechanisms and the position sensor II on the same side are positioned on the same straight line;

the distance measuring mechanism is arranged on the same side of the frame as the pressure measuring mechanism and can detect the mounting clearance of the retarder, and is provided with a shell and a profile measuring instrument arranged in the shell;

the control system is used for controlling the running and automatic stopping of the detection vehicle and completing detection actions, and comprises a controller, a power supply module capable of supplying power for each power utilization unit and a hand-held machine in wireless data communication with the controller, wherein the controller is connected with a power driving unit, a pressure driving unit, a first position sensor, a pressure sensor, a second position sensor, a first electric push rod, a matrix optical fiber sensor and a contour measuring instrument.

As a further scheme of the utility model: the frame is provided with a first bearing plate and a second bearing plate which are symmetrically arranged, and a control box body, wherein two ends of the control box body are respectively fixedly connected with the first bearing plate and the second bearing plate.

As a further scheme of the utility model: the walking mechanism is connected to the first bearing plate and the second bearing plate through a revolute pair, the revolute pair is provided with a bearing plate and a bearing, the bearing plate is vertically connected with one end of the wheel support, the bearing is connected with the bearing plate, the first bearing plate and the second bearing plate, and the revolute pair is locked and positioned through a locking piece.

As a further scheme of the utility model: the walking wheels are rimless rail wheels made of wear-resistant and insulating materials, and a certain distance is reserved between the edges of the walking wheels and the wheel supports; and a wheel support extends outwards from the other end of the wheel support, a guide wheel is hinged to the wheel support, and when the walking wheel is positioned on the steel rail, the guide wheel is contacted with the side surface of the steel rail.

As a further scheme of the utility model: the distance measuring mechanism and the pressure measuring mechanism are arranged on the first bearing plate side by side, and scanning holes are formed in the first bearing plate and the pressing block respectively and used for enabling the profile measuring instrument to carry out laser scanning.

As a further scheme of the utility model: the rail grabbing mechanisms are two and symmetrically arranged on two sides of the pressure measuring mechanism, clamping jaws of the rail grabbing mechanisms are provided with base bodies formed by metal, one end of each base body is provided with a clamping joint which is transversely bent, a clamping surface which is inclined to the longitudinal axis of the base body is arranged on each clamping joint and used for being attached to the lower surface of a steel rail, and the gear is fixed to the end portion of the base body which is located on the same side of the clamping joint.

As a further scheme of the utility model: the power driving unit comprises a stepping motor for outputting power and a synchronous belt transmission mechanism for transmitting the power to the walking wheels.

As a further scheme of the utility model: the power module comprises a lithium battery and a voltage conversion module used for converting the output voltage of the lithium battery into the voltage required by each electricity utilization unit, and the lithium battery is arranged on the second bearing plate.

As a further scheme of the utility model: handles are arranged on the first bearing plate and the second bearing plate.

As a further scheme of the utility model: and a protective shell is arranged above the pressure measuring mechanism, the rail grabbing mechanism and the distance measuring mechanism.

Has the advantages that:

1. the detection vehicle is provided with a power supply, a detection mode (an inner side top or an outer side top) can be selected from the handset according to needs, the detection vehicle is controlled by the position sensor I and the position sensor II to automatically seek to the position above the retarder, and identity information (a model, a manufacturer, a belonging marshalling station, a stock track number and the like) of the retarder is directly read through the electronic tag card reader; when the rail reaches the detection position, the rail grasping mechanism grasps the rail head, the pressing block is pressed downwards, the retarder is pressed downwards to the designated position and returned, and in the process, parameters such as oil-gas vertical counter force, installation height, return time, installation clearance and the like of the retarder can be measured; by comparing the parameters, whether the retarder is in fault or not can be judged, and if the retarder is in fault, an alarm is given immediately; the measurement result is displayed on the handset in real time and uploaded to the website server, so that the personnel in the station yard can conveniently call, record and manage at any time.

2. The utility model provides a revolute pair, so that a walking mechanism can rotate by 360 degrees, and detection of an inner side jack (a retarder is arranged on the inner side of a steel rail) or an outer side jack (the retarder is arranged on the outer side of the steel rail) can be finished on the premise of no disassembly and assembly.

3. The utility model prevents the 'fat edge' of the steel rail from being stuck and blocked by the detection vehicle by assembling the wheel-flange-free rail wheel and the guide wheel to the traveling mechanism, thereby greatly improving the self-regulation capability of the detection vehicle in passing on the steel rail.

4. By adopting the rail grabbing mechanism, a very good rail grabbing effect is achieved by executing a mechanical transmission structure with simple telescopic amount control of the electric push rod; the jack catch structure of design, promptly the rail that can be better, and the more even dispersion retarder oil gas counter-force brings the stress for the jack catch, prevent its rupture, gear engagement through rack mechanism and jack catch both ends, drive rack motion through electric putter, thereby drive gear revolve and the jack catch opens or tightens up, simultaneously through the meshing of rack mechanism and gear, make this grab rail mechanism when snatching the track, the condition that the pine takes off can not appear more firmly.

5. The intelligent detection vehicle has high intelligent degree, and realizes real-time data transmission by utilizing a wireless transmission technology. Through the practical application of technologies such as induction design, wireless control design and high-speed chip, the scheme really realizes full-automatic detection, and the detection process is intelligent, efficient and smooth.

6. This device provides position sensor two, because the retarder equidistance on the railway distributes, through the setting of two position sensor two and the position sensor who sets up between two position sensor two, when detecting the car when advancing, the position sensor two that is located the front side can detect to the top, start the signal promptly and give position sensor one and control system, only need control after the distance between dolly walking position sensor one and the position sensor two this moment, dolly automatic stop advances, position sensor one is in the top of retarder just this moment, the retarder is located the intermediate position of dolly promptly, the position can accurate control, avoid appearing the deviation and influence the normal testing process of retarder.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the fully automatic retarder auxiliary detection vehicle of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the full-automatic retarder auxiliary detection vehicle of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the full-automatic retarder auxiliary detection vehicle of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the load cell mechanism of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the compact of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the rail grasping mechanism of FIG. 3 in an unclamped state;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the running gear of FIG. 3;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the powered drive unit of FIG. 7;

fig. 9 is a schematic view of fig. 7 without the power drive unit.

In the figure: the vehicle frame 1, the control system 9, the traveling mechanism 2, the pressure measuring mechanism 4, the rail grasping mechanism 6, the distance measuring mechanism 8, the controller 91, the power module 92, the handset 93, the pressure driving unit 41, the pressure sensor 42, the pressing block 43, the first position sensor 44, the second position sensor 45, the claws 61, the rack mechanism 62, the first electric push rod 63, the contour measuring instrument 83, the wheel support 21, the traveling wheel 22, the power driving unit 23, the revolute pair 24, the first bearing plate 11, the second bearing plate 12, the control box 13, the protective shell 14, the lifting handle 15, the electric cylinder 410, the execution motor module 411, the base plate 434, the scanning hole 10, the pressing part 430, the protrusion 431, the placement groove 432, the slotted hole 433, the mounting bracket 64, the gear 65, the base 610, the clamping head 611, the clamping surface 612, the base plate 810, the supporting feet 811, the baffle 812, the U-shaped clamping groove 85, the stepping motor 230, the synchronous belt transmission mechanism 231, the positioning groove, Wheel support 25, leading wheel 26, base 250, shaft 251, fence piece 27, lithium cell 920, locking piece 241, matrix fiber sensor 16.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The utility model provides the following technical scheme:

the full-automatic retarder auxiliary detection vehicle comprises: the frame 1, a control system 9 and an executive component which are arranged on the frame 1 and complete corresponding actions. The executing component comprises a walking mechanism 2 capable of freely walking on a railway steel rail, a pressure measuring mechanism 4 capable of detecting the oil gas pressure and the installation height of the retarder, a rail grabbing mechanism 6 used for offsetting the oil gas pressure of the retarder, a distance measuring mechanism 8 capable of detecting the installation clearance of the retarder and a height measuring mechanism capable of detecting the height of the retarder.

The control system 9 is a control component for controlling the auxiliary detection vehicle to automatically go, stop and complete detection actions. As shown in fig. 1 to 3, it has a controller 91, a power supply module 92 and a handset 93. The controller 91 is placed in a control box 13 described below, and the power module 92 is mounted on a second carrier plate 12 described below, whereby the control system 9 is supported by the frame 1.

The rail grasping mechanism 6 is a rail head clamping member for counteracting the oil-gas reaction force of the retarder and preventing the detection vehicle from being bounced. As shown in fig. 6, the rail grasping mechanism 6 has two pawls 61, a rack mechanism 62, and a first electric push rod 63. Referring to fig. 3 and 6, the top end of the claw 61 is engaged with the rack gear 62 through the gear 65, and the electric push rod one 63 is mounted on the frame 1, so that the rail grasping mechanism 6 is also supported by the frame 1.

As shown in fig. 3, the distance measuring mechanism 8 is a detecting member capable of detecting the mounting gap between the retarder and the rail head. The distance measuring mechanism 8 is specifically a housing and a profile measuring instrument 83 provided in the housing, and the profile measuring instrument 83 emits laser light, so that the mounting gap between the retarder and the rail head of the steel rail can be detected by the variation of the laser light.

The height measuring mechanisms are provided with two groups which are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the pressing block, each group of height measuring mechanisms comprises a matrix optical fiber sensor 16 used for emitting infrared rays and a matrix optical fiber sensor 16 used for receiving the infrared rays, each group of height measuring mechanisms and the position sensor II 45 on the same side are positioned on the same straight line, one matrix optical fiber sensor 16 emits a row of infrared rays, the other matrix optical fiber sensor 16 receives the emitted infrared rays, if the infrared rays are not shielded, the matrix optical fiber sensors 16 can normally receive all the infrared rays, when the pressing block 43 is pressed downwards, the height measuring mechanisms are driven to be pressed downwards, the infrared rays are blocked, numerical value change can be caused when the receiving quantity is reduced, and then the height of the lower bottom surface of the pressing block 41 is used for subtracting the pressing height to obtain the height of the retarder top.

The running mechanism 2 is a member capable of supporting the inspection vehicle to run on the railway rail. As shown in fig. 7 to 9, the running gears 2 have wheel carriers 21 and running wheels 22, and at least two of the running gears 2 also have power drive units 23. The running mechanism 2 is connected to the frame 1 through a revolute pair 24, can rotate 360 degrees relative to the frame 1, and can run on a steel rail with an inner roof or an outer roof without being detached.

First, referring to fig. 1 to 3, a vehicle body frame 1 will be described. The frame 1 is made of a metal material, and in this embodiment, is made of an aluminum alloy material, and has a first bearing plate 11 and a second bearing plate 12 that are symmetrically disposed, and a control box 13 having two ends respectively and fixedly connected to the first bearing plate 11 and the second bearing plate 12. The first loading plate 11 and the second loading plate 12 are identical in structure and can be used for installing the control box 13, and welding or similar fixed installation methods can be adopted. The control box body 13 is cuboid and has proper length, and after the frame 1 is installed, the length of the control box body is equivalent to the width of two steel rails, so that the detection vehicle can walk on the steel rails. The control system 9 is installed in the control box body 13, a nameplate, a control bus connector for connecting an execution part, an electric quantity display, a state display lamp, a power switch, a motor connector for connecting the power driving unit 23 and a motion direction are arranged on the outer surface of the control box body 13, the bottoms of the first bearing plate 11 and the second bearing plate 12 are used for installing the walking mechanism 2, and handles 15 are fixedly connected to the first bearing plate 11 and the second bearing plate 12, so that the carrying is facilitated.

Next, referring to fig. 4 to 5, the load cell mechanism 4 mounted on the first carrier plate 11 will be described. The pressure driving unit 41 is fixedly connected to the first bearing plate 11, the output end thereof passes through the first bearing plate 11, the pressure sensor 42 is connected to the output end, and the pressing block 43 is connected to the pressure sensor 42 (by means of bolts), thereby completing the assembly of the pressure measuring mechanism 4. Briquetting 43 adopts concave font structural design, and when pushing down the retarder, the rail railhead is absorbed in the middle of briquetting 43, and both ends exert pressure to the retarder, can realize accomplishing the detection of interior top (the retarder sets up in the rail inboard) or outer top (the retarder sets up in the rail outside). The pressure driving unit 41 has an electric cylinder 410 for driving the pressing block 43 to press the retarder and an actuator motor module 411 for driving the electric cylinder 410 to move, and in this embodiment, the actuator motor module 411 is a servo motor. The lifting stroke of the pressing block 43 can be accurately controlled by controlling the rotating speed and the number of rotating turns of the actuating motor module 411, and the stroke is measured by an encoder in the actuating motor module 411. The pressure block 43 presses down the head of the sliding oil cylinder of the retarder to a specified position at a certain speed, and the oil gas counter pressure of the retarder is obtained after the pressure value measured by the pressure sensor 42 is calculated by a designed formula. The pressure block 43 has a base plate 434, and two parallel scanning holes 10 are designed on the base plate 434, and the scanning holes 10 are designed in a long strip shape and are through holes. The pressure sensor 42 is located between the two scanning apertures 10 and is fixedly mounted to the base plate 434. Two pressing parts 430 extend from both ends of the base plate 434 in the vertical direction, the distance between the two pressing parts 430 is greater than the width of the rail head, and the pressing parts 430 cannot block the scanning hole 10 in the vertical direction. Further, a protrusion 431 is extended in a vertical direction of the edge of the base plate 434, and is used for protecting the pressure sensor 42.

A placement groove 432 is provided at the bottom of the pressing portion 430, and a first position sensor 44 for detecting the position of the retarder and sending a trigger signal to the controller 91 is installed in the placement groove 432. Two position sensors 44 are oppositely arranged on each pressing part 430 at intervals, and the controller 91 can control the movement of the detection vehicle only after receiving the trigger signal of the position sensors 44. Furthermore, a through slot 433 is formed in the horizontal direction of the pressing portion 430, a hole for passing a connecting wire is formed between the placing groove 432 and the slot 433, the weight of the pressing block 43 can be reduced due to the slot 433, and the first position sensor 44 can be conveniently mounted.

Meanwhile, two symmetrically arranged position sensors two 45 are arranged on two sides of the pressing block 43, and because the retarder on the railway is equidistantly distributed, and the position sensor one 44 is arranged between the two position sensors two 45 and is positioned at the central position of the connecting line of the two position sensors two 45, and the connecting line between the position sensors two 45 positioned on the same side is parallel to the running direction of the detection vehicle, in the utility model, the two position sensors two 45 and the position sensor one 44 are marked as position sensing elements, and are sequentially named as a position sensing element I, a position sensing element II and a position sensing element III according to the direction from left to right, specifically, the position sensing element I and the position sensing element III are respectively the two position sensors two 45, the position sensing element II is the position sensor one 45, when the detection vehicle moves, the position sensing element I or the position sensing element III detects the retarder to the top (here, if the detection trolley runs from left to right, the third position sensing element detects the position of the retarder, otherwise, when the detection trolley runs from right to left, the first position sensing element detects the position of the retarder), when the detection trolley detects the position of the retarder, the first position sensing element or the third position sensing element sends a top signal to the second position sensing element and the controller 91, the controller 91 continues to control the trolley to move forwards, but at the moment, the second position sensing element sends a signal to control the detection trolley to move forwards by half the distance between the first position sensing element and the third position sensing element, namely, half the distance between the two position sensors two 45 is walked, namely, after the first position sensor 44 moves to half the distance between the two position sensors two 45, the signal is sent to the controller 91, the detection trolley is controlled to stop, and at the moment, the first position sensor 44 is just right above the retarder, from this the process in accomplishing automatic seeking, alright make detect the car and arrive alright stop and accomplish the testing process of retarder after the retarder, can guarantee simultaneously that the location of retarder is more accurate, avoid appearing the deviation and influence the normal testing process of retarder, position sensor 44 sends the stroke signal for controller 91 simultaneously to make and detect the car and can stop after arriving the position of retarder, begin the testing process, and profile measuring instrument 83 is in the top of retarder just this moment.

Referring again to fig. 6, the rail catching mechanism 6 mounted on the first loading plate 11 will be described. The two rail grasping mechanisms 6 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the pressure measuring mechanism 4 and are provided with two claws 61, a rack 62 and a first electric push rod 63. The action of the rail grasping mechanism 6 is controlled by executing the expansion amount of the electric push rod one 63, the electric push rod one 63 is internally provided with a travel switch for controlling the push rod travel, and the travel of the rail grasping mechanism 6 reached each time is consistent due to the consistent shape of the rail heads of the steel rails, so the controller 91 can judge whether the rail grasping mechanism 6 finishes the action or not by receiving the push rod travel data of the travel switch. Referring to fig. 2 and 6, the first electric push rod 63 is fixedly connected to the first bearing plate 11. Two gears 65 are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the first bearing plate 11, the distance between the two gears 65 is equivalent to the width of the rail head, and when the distance between the two gears 65 can meet the requirement that an electric push rod 63 lifts, the clamping jaw 61 is attached to the rail head. The two jaws 61 are respectively hinged to the two articulated supports 65. The clamping jaw 61 is of an integral structure and is provided with a base body 610 formed by metal, one end of the base body 610 is provided with a clamping head 611 bent transversely, a clamping surface 612 inclined to the longitudinal axis of the base body 610 is arranged on the clamping head 611 and used for being attached to the lower surface of a steel rail, the clamping jaw 61 of the structure is designed, when the two clamping jaws 61 are closed, a space formed between the two clamping jaws 61 is matched with the rail head of the steel rail, the contact surface of the clamping jaw 61 and the rail head of the steel rail is attached to each other, and the action efficiency of the rail clamping mechanism 6 is improved. The rack mechanism 62 is a rack structure, and both sides of the rack mechanism are provided with teeth, and the gear 65 at the end of the jaw 61 is meshed with the teeth at both sides of the rack mechanism 62. The rack mechanism 62 is driven to lift up and down by the pushing force or pulling force applied by the output end of the electric push rod I63, so that the gear 65 is driven to rotate to complete the releasing or grasping action of the claw 61. The whole rail grabbing mechanism 6 is simple in mechanical structure, high in transmission efficiency, convenient to control and beneficial to operation.

Referring to fig. 3 and 5, the distance measuring mechanism 8 mounted on the first carrier plate 11 will be described. The distance measuring mechanisms 8 are two and symmetrically arranged on the other two sides of the pressure measuring mechanism 4 and used for detecting an inner side top (a retarder is arranged on the inner side of the steel rail) or an outer side top (a retarder is arranged on the outer side of the steel rail), the distance measuring mechanisms comprise profile measuring instruments 83, after the movement, the profile measuring instruments 83 are just above the retarder, at the moment, the profile measuring instruments 83 can directly measure the installation gap between the retarder and the steel rail by emitting laser, the scanning holes 10 on the first bearing plate 11 and the scanning holes 10 on the pressing block 43 are in the same vertical direction, namely, the light emitted by the profile measuring instruments 83 passes through the scanning holes 10 and can be irradiated on a measured object.

The distance measuring mechanism 8 adopts a line laser profile measuring instrument to measure the mounting clearance of the retarder. The measurement principle is as follows: the optical projector projects the structured light with a certain mode on the surface of the measured object, and then forms a light pattern three-dimensional image modulated by the surface shape of the measured object. The three-dimensional image is received by a receiver at another location to obtain a two-dimensional distorted image of the optical pattern, the degree of distortion of the optical pattern depending on the relative position between the optical projector and the camera and the object surface profile. When the relative position between the optical projector and the camera is fixed, the three-dimensional profile of the object surface can be reproduced by the distorted two-dimensional light pattern image coordinates. For the measurement of the installation clearance of the retarder, the profile measuring instrument 83 is fixed and is just above the middle position of the retarder, so the profile measuring instrument 83 does not need to move here, and the minimum clearance can be measured.

Simultaneously at the range finding in-process, when briquetting 43 pushed down and measured the minimum clearance between retarder and the rail promptly, height finding mechanism carries out the height finding process simultaneously, and the height finding process is as follows: two matrix optical fiber sensors 16, one for emitting infrared rays and one for receiving infrared rays, when the pressing block 43 is pressed downwards, under the blocking effect of the retarder, the receiving quantity of the infrared rays is changed, and at the moment, the height of the lower bottom surface of the pressing block 43 is subtracted by the pressing height to obtain the height of the retarder. In the utility model, the height measuring mechanism and the distance measuring mechanism are synchronously carried out, so that the working efficiency of detection is greatly improved.

Further, be equipped with protection casing 14 above pressure measurement mechanism 4, grab rail mechanism 6 and ranging mechanism 8, can be when detecting the car operation through protection casing 14, can effectual protection pressure measurement mechanism 4, grab rail mechanism 6 and ranging mechanism 8.

Next, referring to fig. 7 to 9, the running gear 2 rotatably connected to the bottom of the mounting plate 14 will be described. In the present exemplary embodiment, the number of running gears 2 is four in total, two driving running gears 2 and two driven running gears 2 being provided, and the two driving running gears 2 must be provided separately, one on each side of the first supporting plate 11 and the second supporting plate 12. The running mechanism 2 is provided with a wheel support 21 and running wheels 22 hinged on the wheel support 21, when the running mechanism 2 is additionally provided with a power driving unit 23, the running mechanism 2 is a driving running mechanism 2, and the rest are driven running mechanisms 2. In the present embodiment, the wheel support 21 is flat, and the running wheels 22 are hinged on the side surfaces of the wheel support 21. The power drive unit 23 includes a stepping motor 230 that outputs power and a timing belt drive mechanism 231 that transmits power to the running wheels 22. The stepping motor 230 is arranged on the wheel support 21 and is arranged on the same side of the walking wheel 22; the synchronous belt transmission mechanism 231 is arranged on the other side of the wheel support 21, the synchronous belt transmission mechanism 231 comprises a first synchronous belt wheel, a second synchronous belt wheel and a synchronous belt, the output end of the stepping motor 230 is connected with the first synchronous belt wheel, a hinge shaft of the walking wheel 22 is connected with the second synchronous belt wheel, and the walking wheel 22 is driven to rotate through the stepping motor 230.

Furthermore, the running wheels 22 are wheel-flange-free wheels made of wear-resistant and insulating materials, so that the problem of 'red rail' can be avoided, and the detection precision can be ensured. And a certain distance is reserved between the edge of the traveling wheel 22 and the wheel support 21, so that the clamping stagnation of the detection vehicle caused by the 'fat edge' of the steel rail is prevented. A wheel support 25 extends outwards from the other end of the wheel support 21, a guide wheel 26 is hinged to the wheel support 25, and the guide wheel 26 is in contact with the side of the rail when the running wheel 22 is positioned on the rail. The diameter design of the guide wheel 26 is related to the thickness of the wheel support 21 and the distance between the edge of the walking wheel 22 and the wheel support 21, and the guide wheel 26 plays a role in guiding and positioning to prevent the condition that the working conditions of the rail surfaces of two steel rails are different from each other to cause the inconsistent walking of the two ends of the detection vehicle and the falling of the rail. The wheel support 25 is designed as a stepped structure having a base 250 and an axle 251 perpendicular to the base 250, on which axle 251 the guide wheel 26 is articulated. The base 250 is in a convex shape and has a thickness smaller than that of the wheel support 21, preventing interference with the rail. Further, a baffle plate 27 is arranged on the base 250 and used for surrounding the guide wheel 26 and protecting the guide wheel 26; in this embodiment, the enclosing barrier 27 is U-shaped, and two ends of the enclosing barrier extend out of a tab to be connected to the base 250 by bolts, and the running gear 2 is connected to the first loading plate 11 and the second loading plate 12 by the locking member 241, so that the running gear 2 can be locked and positioned.

Finally, referring to fig. 1 to 3, a control system 9 for controlling the running and automatic stop of the auxiliary inspection vehicle and completing the inspection operation will be described. It has a controller 91, a power supply module 92 capable of supplying power to the various power consuming units, and a handset 93 in wireless data communication with the controller 91. The power module 92 includes a lithium battery 920 and a voltage conversion module for converting an output voltage of the lithium battery 920 into a voltage required by each power consuming unit. The controller 91 is connected with the power driving unit 23, the pressure driving unit 41, the first position sensor 44, the pressure sensor 42, the first electric push rod 63, the second position sensor 45 and the profile measuring instrument 83.

Further, a logical relationship between the controller 91 and each execution unit will be described. After the detection vehicle is started, the controller 91 sends a signal to the stepping motor 230 in the power driving unit 23 to control the running mechanism 2 to run, so as to drive the detection vehicle to run on the steel rail; after the second position sensor 45 detects that the distance reaches the retarder, the first position sensor 44 sends a signal to control the trolley to move by half of the distance between the second position sensor 45, and when the first position sensor 44 is positioned right above the retarder and detects the position of the retarder, the signal is sent to the controller 91, and then the controller 91 sends a signal for decelerating and stopping to the stepping motor 230, so that the detection trolley is stopped above the retarder; the controller 91 sends a signal to the first electric push rod 63 to enable the rail grabbing mechanism 6 to grab the rail; the controller 91 sends a signal to the servo motor in the pressure driving unit 41, the electric cylinder 410 drives the pressing block 43 to press the head of the sliding oil cylinder of the retarder, and the height of the retarder can be measured by the matrix optical fiber sensor 16; when the pressing block 43 presses the head of the sliding oil cylinder of the retarder down to be equal to the height of the steel rail surface, the controller 91 sends a signal to the profile measuring instrument 83, the profile measuring instrument 83 emits laser at a fixed point to measure the installation gap and transmits data back to the controller 91, and the detection of the installation gap of the retarder is completed; after the detection action is finished, the controller 91 sends a signal to the first electric push rod 63 again to enable the rail grabbing mechanism 6 to loosen the steel rail; then, a signal is sent to the stepping motor 230 to control the running mechanism 2 to run so as to drive the detection vehicle to run on the steel rail; the next retarder repeats the above process.

On the other hand, the selection of the main core devices is explained:

1) controller model selection

The controller adopts Siemens PLC as a control core component, and the main technical parameters of the PLC such as input and output, the number of high-speed pulse counters and the number of serial ports all meet the field use requirements.

2) Pressure sensor model selection

The main detection part of the retarder is the counter pressure value of the retarder, the counter pressure value detection is completed through the pressure sensor, the pressure sensor is installed at the output end of the electric cylinder, the pressure sensor is driven to move through the movement of the electric cylinder and is contacted with the retarder, and the counter pressure value generated by the retarder is detected in the contact process.

The pressure sensor selects the spoke type pressure sensor according to the field condition, the sensor has the advantages of low appearance, unbalance loading resistance, good strength and convenience in installation (the sensor can be directly connected with an electric cylinder screw rod), the pressure sensor is connected into the PLC in an analog quantity mode, the spoke type pressure sensor needs a converter to convert a pressure value into a standard 0-20 mA current signal before being connected into an analog-digital module of the PLC, the PLC can read data, and the PLC analyzes the data of the pressure sensor through the analog-digital conversion module. The analog-to-digital conversion module adopts a Siemens module, and the measuring range is selected to be 0-800 kg.

3) Position sensor model selection

The photoelectric switch is selected by the position sensor according to the field condition, and the sensor has the advantages of small shape, strong anti-interference capability and high response speed. The photoelectric switch is used as a signal module for speed reduction and braking of the detection vehicle, when the detection vehicle runs on the track, the second position sensor detects a top signal, the first position sensor controls the trolley to run for half of the distance between the second position sensor, the first position sensor is positioned above the head part of the sliding oil cylinder of the speed reduction top, and the PLC receives a trigger signal of the first position sensor and then controls the motion of the detection vehicle (controls the speed reduction and braking of the stepping motor).

4) Power drive unit model selection for running mechanism

The walking mechanism is used as an important component of the detection vehicle, the stepping motor is used as a main driving part in the design, the stepping motor is controlled by the PLC, and the driving stepping motor used for walking of the detection vehicle can be started and stopped by the control of a handset or can be automatically started and stopped by two photoelectric switches. The motion mode is as follows: when the handset presses a start key, the stepping motor advances at a preset speed; when the photoelectric switch is normally stopped above the retarder, detection action is implemented. After a retarder detection procedure is completed, the stepping motor is automatically started and recovers to a preset value to start advancing.

5) Electric cylinder model selection of pressure measuring mechanism

The electric cylinder is a main execution component of the action of the pressure sensor, the selection of parameters such as torque, power and stroke is very critical, and according to field test, the pressure measurement range of the retarder is 0-3 kN, so that the pressure value range generated by the electric cylinder is larger than 3kN force. The electric cylinder can realize the following functions:

firstly, automatically pressing down: after the position sensor II detects that the position of the retarder is reached, the trolley is controlled to move by one half of the distance between the position sensor II through the position sensor I, the position sensor I is located right above the retarder at the moment, a signal is sent out, the rail grabbing mechanism finishes rail grabbing action, the electric cylinder starts to press down, and the pressing stroke can be automatically adjusted according to the setting of the inner top and the outer top.

Secondly, measuring the installation height: the matrix optical fiber sensor emits infrared rays, the height measurement process is started according to the change of the receiving quantity, and the height of the top of the retarder is obtained by subtracting the pressing height from the height of the bottom surface of the pressing block.

Third, the back pressure value: and when the electric cylinder reaches the target position, recording and storing the counter pressure value of the position.

Fourth, the backhaul time: the electric cylinder starts to return after detecting the pressure value, returns to the height of the first touch retarder and waits for the rebound of the retarder, and the return time is recorded when the second touch is performed.

6) Profile measuring instrument model selection

The traditional manual measurement method mainly uses a feeler gauge and a surface difference gauge, has the defects of low measurement speed, low efficiency and low precision, and the measurement result is easily influenced by subjective factors, and can not meet the requirement of on-line measurement. The measuring method based on the structured light has the advantages of high measuring speed, high precision, non-contact type, easy processing of measured data and the like, so that the mounting clearance of the retarder is measured by adopting the line laser profile measuring instrument. The performance parameters of the line laser profilometer are shown in the following table:

7) electronic label

The electronic tag is an identity number of the retarder and records information such as a unit to which the electronic tag belongs, a station track where the electronic tag is located, the type of the retarder and the like. And the detection vehicle reads the electronic number during detection and distinguishes the type of the retarder.

8) Data communication part

The data communication part comprises communication between the handset and the PLC, communication between the PLC and the electronic tag card reader, and communication between the PLC and the profile measuring instrument.

First, the handset communicates with the PLC. The main functions of the communication between the handset and the PLC are as follows:

(1) the handset controls the starting and stopping of the detection vehicle, and controls the forward, backward and scram of the detection vehicle through the starting and stopping buttons of the handset interface;

(2) and analyzing and processing the data returned by the PLC.

Second, the PLC communicates with the electronic tag reader. The electronic tag card reader firstly receives a signal sent by the card reader antenna, and then the PLC controls the card reader to read and write the electronic tag data. The reading modes comprise round training, single-point reading and the like, and can be set according to the actual situation on site, so that the stability of the read data is ensured.

Third, the PLC communicates with the profilometer. And controlling a read-write command of the profile measuring instrument according to the use requirement, wherein the PLC communicates with the profile measuring instrument by using a serial port, and the PLC transmits the read-write command according to a specific format within a certain time.

The whole machine control system structure of the full-automatic retarder auxiliary detection vehicle can be divided into the following parts according to functional components:

1. PLC mechanical control part includes wherein:

a. a control instruction input section: profile gauge-collects installation gap data and transmits the data to PLC; a first position sensor, namely, a trolley is judged whether to advance or not, and a signal is sent to the PLC to control the trolley; a position sensor II judges whether the position reaches the position of the retarder or not and sends a signal to the PLC; encoder of servo motor-collecting installation height data and transmitting data to PLC; spoke type pressure sensor-collects back pressure data and transmits the data to PLC.

b. A logic processing section: PLC for receiving the signal and data from the control command input unit and sending relevant control command to the executing unit; the profile measuring instrument host is responsible for transmitting data with the PLC through wireless communication; analog-to-digital conversion module-converts the pressure signal to a digital signal.

c. An execution unit: step motor and walking mechanism-completing walking or stopping action; rail grabbing mechanism-complete rail grabbing action; the contour measuring instrument measures and emits laser at fixed points, namely distance measurement is finished; the matrix optical fiber sensor emits infrared rays to finish height measurement; servo motor and pressing block to complete the pressure measuring action.

2. A background processing part for performing man-machine interaction with the PLC:

a. the handset: and transmitting data with the PLC through wireless communication, and generating a file for storing related data.

b. Host client: and a background management system is established, and the related data documents uploaded by the handset are received and stored, so that the management of a user is facilitated.

The PLC control flow is specifically that an operator firstly turns on a power switch on a detection vehicle, the PLC and other equipment complete self-detection, and when the self-detection is qualified, the inner top and the outer top of the detection vehicle are selected on a handset; when the selection is finished, the control starting of advancing or retreating is carried out according to the direction of the on-site retarder, and then the walking action can be carried out; when one of the position sensors II arranged on the pressing block touches the top surface of the retarder, the position sensor I moves by half of the distance between the two position sensors II, the position sensor I automatically performs centering, the position sensor I stops above the retarder, and the PLC performs rail grabbing action after confirming that the stop position is good and the rail grabbing mechanism is in a good state; when the rail grasping mechanism finishes the action, the pressure measuring mechanism is controlled to perform the pressing action, the matrix optical fiber sensor emits infrared rays, and relevant data are collected and transmitted to the handset to generate a data document; after the pressure measuring, height measuring and distance measuring processes are finished, the rail grasping mechanism resets, and the detection of the single retarder is finished.

The specific actions of the pressure measuring mechanism are as follows:

a. and (3) calculating the mounting height of the retarder: when the pressing block is pressed down, the matrix optical fiber sensor emits infrared rays, the height measurement process is started according to the change of the receiving quantity, and the height of the top of the retarder is obtained by subtracting the pressing height from the height of the lower bottom surface of the pressing block;

b. and (3) measurement of a counter pressure value: pressing the pressing block to the bottom of the retarder according to the selection of the inner jack and the outer jack to obtain a counter pressure value;

the whole detection vehicle has the following working process:

(1) stably placing the full-automatic retarder auxiliary detection vehicle on a track;

(2) adjusting the running mechanism direction according to the type of the retarder to be detected (if the outer side is detected, the wheel support faces inwards, and the inner side is detected, the wheel support faces outwards);

(3) checking a connecting circuit, switching on a power supply, and starting up;

(4) selecting and detecting an inner top and an outer top in the handset;

(5) controlling a stepping motor to drive the detection vehicle to move forwards;

(6) during the forward process, a second position sensor below the press block is used for detecting the top, the position sensor travels to half of the distance between the second position sensor, the detection vehicle is controlled to stop, the center is automatically found, and the fixed point reaches the detection position;

(7) the detection vehicle reads the electronic tag information, automatically identifies the type of the retarder and reads retarder data;

(8) when the electric push rod of the rail grabbing mechanism is started, the rail grabbing action (offsetting the pressing vertical counter force) is completed;

(9) starting a servo motor and controlling a pressing block to press downwards;

(10) the pressing block touches the top surface of the head of the sliding oil cylinder of the retarder;

(11) when the pressing block is pressed down to the bottom surface, the back pressure information is measured through the feedback of the pressure sensor (compared with the normal value, whether the fault exists is judged, if the fault exists, the alarm is given out);

(12) pressing down the sliding oil cylinder cap head of the retarder until the sliding oil cylinder cap head is flush with the top surface of the steel rail, scanning by a profile measuring instrument to obtain an installation gap value (comparing with a normal value, judging whether a fault exists or not, and alarming if the fault exists);

(13) simultaneously, the matrix optical fiber sensor emits infrared rays, the height measurement process is started according to the change of the receiving quantity, and the height of the top of the retarder is obtained by subtracting the pressing height from the height of the bottom surface of the pressing block (compared with a normal value, whether the fault exists is judged, and if the fault exists, an alarm is given);

(14) the pressing block returns to the initial position;

(15) the rail grabbing mechanism is unlocked and returns to the initial position;

(16) uploading the data to the handset, and finishing detection;

(17) and starting the stepping motor, continuously detecting the next retarder and repeating the steps 5-16.

The preferred embodiments of the utility model disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not exhaustive and do not limit the utility model to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the utility model and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the utility model. The utility model is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an automatic formula retarder state detection dolly which characterized in that includes:

a frame;

the walking mechanisms are arranged at the bottom of the frame and provided with wheel supports and walking wheels hinged on the wheel supports, at least two walking mechanisms are also provided with power driving units, and the walking mechanisms are respectively arranged at two ends of the frame;

the pressure measuring mechanism is arranged on the frame and can detect the oil-gas pressure and the installation height of the retarder and is provided with a pressure driving unit, a pressure sensor connected to the output end of the pressure driving unit and a pressing block connected to the pressure sensor, wherein the pressure driving unit is provided with an electric cylinder for driving the pressing block to apply pressure to the retarder and an execution motor module for driving the electric cylinder to move;

the first position sensor is arranged on the pressing block and used for detecting the position of the retarder and sending a trigger signal, and the second position sensor is arranged on two sides of the pressing block and used for recording the travel distance of the traveling structure and sending a travel signal;

the height measuring mechanisms are arranged on the pressing block and used for detecting the jacking height of the retarder, two groups of height measuring mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the pressing block, each group of height measuring mechanisms comprises a matrix optical fiber sensor used for emitting infrared rays and a matrix optical fiber sensor used for receiving the infrared rays, and each group of height measuring mechanisms and the position sensor II on the same side are positioned on the same straight line;

the rail grabbing mechanism is used for offsetting oil-gas pressure of the retarder and is arranged on the same side of the frame as the pressure measuring mechanism, and is provided with two clamping jaws which are symmetrically arranged and move below the frame, gears fixed at the end parts of the two clamping jaws, a rack mechanism meshed between the gears on the two clamping jaws and an electric push rod I capable of lifting or pushing down the rack mechanism;

the distance measuring mechanism is arranged on the same side of the frame as the pressure measuring mechanism and can detect the mounting clearance of the retarder, and is provided with a shell and a profile measuring instrument arranged in the shell;

the control system is used for controlling the running and automatic stopping of the detection vehicle and completing detection actions, and comprises a controller, a power supply module capable of supplying power for each power utilization unit and a hand-held machine in wireless data communication with the controller, wherein the controller is connected with a power driving unit, a pressure driving unit, a first position sensor, a pressure sensor, a second position sensor, a first electric push rod, a matrix optical fiber sensor and a contour measuring instrument.

2. The automatic retarder status detecting trolley according to claim 1, wherein the frame has a first loading plate and a second loading plate symmetrically disposed, and a control box having two ends fixedly connected to the first loading plate and the second loading plate, respectively.

3. The automatic dowty retarder status checking cart as claimed in claim 1, wherein the traveling mechanism is coupled to the first loading plate and the second loading plate via a revolute pair, the revolute pair having a support plate coupled perpendicularly to one end of the wheel support and a bearing coupling the support plate, the first loading plate and the second loading plate, the revolute pair being locked and positioned by a locking member.

4. The automatic retarder state detection trolley according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the traveling wheels are rimless rail wheels made of wear-resistant and insulating materials, and a certain distance is reserved between the edge of the traveling wheel and the wheel support; and a wheel support extends outwards from the other end of the wheel support, a guide wheel is hinged to the wheel support, and when the walking wheel is positioned on the steel rail, the guide wheel is contacted with the side surface of the steel rail.

5. The automatic retarder state detection trolley of claim 4, wherein the distance measurement mechanism and the pressure measurement mechanism are arranged side by side on a first bearing plate, and the first bearing plate and the pressing block are both provided with scanning holes for laser scanning of the profile measuring instrument.

6. The automatic retarder state detection trolley of claim 5, wherein the rail gripping mechanisms are two and symmetrically arranged at two sides of the pressure measuring mechanism, the clamping jaws of the rail gripping mechanisms are provided with base bodies formed by metal, one end of each base body is provided with a transversely bent clamping joint, each clamping joint is provided with a clamping surface inclined to the longitudinal axis of each base body and used for being attached to the lower surface of the steel rail, and the gear is fixed at the end part of the base body on the same side as the clamping joint.

7. The automatic retarder state detection trolley of claim 5, wherein the power driving unit comprises a stepping motor outputting power and a synchronous belt transmission mechanism transmitting power to the traveling wheels.

8. The automatic retarder status detection trolley according to claim 7, wherein the power module comprises a lithium battery and a voltage conversion module for converting an output voltage of the lithium battery into a voltage required by each power consumption unit, and the lithium battery is mounted on the second carrier plate.

9. The automatic retarder status detection vehicle as claimed in claim 8, wherein the first loading plate and the second loading plate are provided with handles.

10. The automatic retarder state detection trolley of claim 1, wherein a protective shell is arranged above the pressure measuring mechanism, the rail grabbing mechanism and the distance measuring mechanism.

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