CN216297479U - Pyrolysis type medical waste treatment system - Google Patents
Pyrolysis type medical waste treatment system Download PDFInfo
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- CN216297479U CN216297479U CN202122559070.9U CN202122559070U CN216297479U CN 216297479 U CN216297479 U CN 216297479U CN 202122559070 U CN202122559070 U CN 202122559070U CN 216297479 U CN216297479 U CN 216297479U
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Abstract
The application relates to a pyrolytic medical waste treatment system, which comprises a cracking furnace for containing raw materials, wherein one end of the cracking furnace is a medical waste feeding end, and the other end of the cracking furnace is a solid waste bottom slag discharging end; the cracking furnace is connected with a burner and used for supplying heat to the cracking furnace under the condition of no oxygen or no oxygen, the cracking furnace is connected with a steam distribution drum, the steam distribution drum is connected with a first condenser, the first condenser is connected with a first separation tank, the first separation tank is connected with a water-sealed tank, the water-sealed tank is connected with a purification tank, the purification tank is connected with a gas spray gun, and the gas spray gun is used for supplying heat to the cracking furnace; the burner is connected with a spray dust remover, and the spray dust remover is connected with a chimney. This application has high-efficient processing medical waste, reduces harmful substance's emission, reduces environmental pollution's effect.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of medical waste treatment, in particular to a pyrolytic medical waste treatment system.
Background
Medical waste refers to waste products of direct or indirect infectious, toxic, and other hazardous nature produced by health care facilities in medical, preventive, healthcare, and other related activities. Medical waste may contain a large amount of pathogenic microorganisms and harmful chemical substances, and even radioactive and damaging substances, so that if the medical waste is not treated properly, sanitary and environmental problems such as disease transmission, water body pollution and the like may be caused. Therefore, the State Council No. 380 directive "medical waste management Regulation" is issued in China, and the collection, classification, storage, transportation, disposal and supervision of medical waste are specifically and standardly managed. Regulations specifically stipulate that medical waste is collected and classified by medical institutions, and centralized disposal centers are established in various places to transport and dispose of the medical waste.
The treatment technologies adopted by various medical waste treatment centers at present are mainly an incineration method (accounting for 50%) and a high-temperature steam method (accounting for 44%). The incineration method is a process of decomposing and carbonizing medical waste by using a high-temperature oxidation method. The incineration method can reduce the volume of medical wastes to a great extent, has high treatment efficiency and is widely adopted by various centralized treatment centers. However, because the medical waste has complicated components, the conventional incineration process directly incinerates the crushed medical waste particles, harmful substances are easily generated due to insufficient incineration or the characteristics of the medical waste during the incineration process, and the harmful substances are discharged into the air along with the waste gas to generate secondary pollution to the surrounding environment, such as dioxin and the like.
In recent years, high-temperature steam treatment of medical wastes is gradually popularized and applied. The high-temperature steam method is a process for sterilizing medical wastes at high temperature by using high-temperature steam, and the sterilized medical wastes are treated as household garbage. Although the high-temperature steam process can treat medical wastes in batches, the process generates more complex chemical substances and odor emission, and has great influence on the surrounding environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a pyrolysis type medical waste treatment system has high-efficient processing medical waste, reduces harmful substance's emission, reduces environmental pollution's effect.
The application provides a pyrolysis type medical waste processing system adopts following technical scheme:
a pyrolytic medical waste treatment system comprises a cracking furnace for containing raw materials, wherein one end of the cracking furnace is a medical waste feeding end, and the other end of the cracking furnace is a solid waste bottom slag discharging end; the cracking furnace is connected with a burner and used for supplying heat to the cracking furnace under the condition of no oxygen or no oxygen, the cracking furnace is connected with a steam distribution drum, the steam distribution drum is connected with a first condenser, the first condenser is connected with a first separation tank, the first separation tank is connected with a water-sealed tank, the water-sealed tank is connected with a purification tank, the purification tank is connected with a gas spray gun, and the gas spray gun is used for supplying heat to the cracking furnace; the combustor is connected with a spray dust remover, and the spray dust remover is connected with a chimney.
Preferably, the first separating tank is connected with a second condenser, the second condenser is connected with a second separating tank, and the second separating tank is connected with the water seal tank.
Preferably, the first separation tank and the second separation tank are both connected with a recovery oil tank.
Preferably, a plurality of the first condensers are connected in sequence.
Preferably, the first condenser and the second condenser are both connected with a circulating water pool.
Preferably, a plurality of water-sealed tanks are connected in sequence.
Preferably, the purification tank is provided in plurality.
Preferably, an emergency discharging device is connected between the purification tank and the gas spray gun through a branch pipeline and used for discharging part of clean combustible gas into the emergency discharging device, the emergency discharging device is connected with a combustion chamber, and a discharging ball valve is mounted on the cracking furnace and used for rapidly discharging the combustible gas in the emergency discharging device to the combustion chamber when the pressure in the cracking furnace is too high in an abnormal state.
Preferably, the medical waste feed end is provided with a screw-in slurry.
Preferably, the spiral ejection of compact thick liquid that the solid useless end sediment discharge end was installed and is arranged to the slant spiral the one end that the ground paste was gone out in the spiral is connected with the feed bin, the bottom of feed bin is connected with horizontal mucking machine, the one end of keeping away from the feed bin of horizontal mucking machine is connected with the bucket elevator, the bucket elevator is connected with the cooling bin be provided with the pulse dust collector between cooling bin and the bucket elevator.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the cracking furnace is continuously heated under the condition of no oxygen or oxygen deficiency by a burner, the raw materials are subjected to water evaporation, preliminary cracking, stable cracking and full cracking by utilizing the thermal instability of organic matters in the raw materials, vapor phase gas generated by cracking sequentially passes through a steam-separating drum, a first condenser, a first separating tank, a second condenser and a second separating tank to form various gases, liquids and solids, waste oil is discharged into a recovery oil tank, cracked gas passes through a water-sealed tank and is washed and purified by a purifying tank alkali method, clean combustible gas is burnt by a gas spray gun to supply heat to the cracking furnace, bottom slag in the cracking furnace is discharged to a storage bin through spiral discharge slurry, is separated, discharged, packaged and transported away after being at normal temperature, so that the full recycling of raw materials and the recycling treatment of resources are realized, and the effects of efficiently treating medical wastes, reducing the discharge of harmful substances and reducing the environmental pollution are achieved;
2. compared with the incineration treatment technology, the anaerobic dry distillation cracking technology has no reverse condition of dioxin generation in the open flame combustion process, better solves the pollution problem generated by the incineration technology, discharges few pollutants, mostly keeps heavy metals and the like in solid residues, and the main component of cracking bottom slag is carbon black;
3. the multiple first condensers, the multiple water-sealed tanks and the multiple purification tanks are sequentially arranged, so that the condensation, separation and purification quality of vapor-phase gas generated by cracking the raw material can be improved, the medical waste can be efficiently treated, the emission of harmful substances can be reduced, and the environmental pollution can be reduced;
4. an emergency discharge device is connected between the purification tank and the gas spray gun through a branch pipeline, when the pressure in the cracking furnace is overhigh in an abnormal state, a discharge ball valve on the cracking furnace is started, so that the combustible gas from the second condenser is rapidly discharged to a combustion chamber, and the combustible gas enters a spray dust remover after being ignited and combusted by an automatic igniter, so that the safety and stability of the cracking furnace are improved;
5. through installing the spiral at medical waste feed end and advancing the ground paste, install the spiral ejection of compact thick liquid that arranges in the slant at solid useless end sediment discharge end, spiral ejection of compact thick liquid has connected gradually feed bin, horizontal mucking machine, bucket elevator and cooling bin, is convenient for carry out the feeding to the raw materials to and be convenient for handle the interior end sediment of pyrolysis furnace after the schizolysis, improve medical waste treatment's efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a pyrolytic medical waste treatment system;
FIG. 2 is a block flow diagram of a pyrolysis furnace and discharge in a pyrolytic medical waste treatment system.
Description of reference numerals: 1. a cracking furnace; 11. spirally feeding the slurry; 12. spirally discharging slurry; 13. a storage bin; 14. a horizontal slag extractor; 15. a bucket elevator; 16. a cooling bin; 17. a pulse dust collector; 18. a circulating water tank; 2. a burner; 3. a steam distribution drum; 4. a first condenser; 5. a first separation tank; 6. a second condenser; 7. a second separation tank; 8. sealing the tank with water; 9. a purification tank; 10. recovering the oil tank; 20. a gas spray gun; 21. an emergency drain; 23. a discharge ball valve; 24. a spray dust remover; 25. a dust removal water tank; 26. and (4) a chimney.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawings.
The embodiment of the application discloses pyrolysis type medical waste treatment system.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the pyrolytic medical waste treatment system comprises a cracking furnace 1 for containing raw materials, wherein one end of the cracking furnace 1 is a medical waste feeding end, and a spiral feeding slurry 11 is arranged at the medical waste feeding end; the other end is solid useless end sediment discharge end, and installs the spiral ejection of compact thick liquid 12 that arranges in the slant in solid useless end sediment discharge end, is connected with feed bin 13 in the one end of spiral ejection of compact thick liquid 12, and the bottom of feed bin 13 is connected with horizontal mucking machine 14, and the one end of keeping away from feed bin 13 of horizontal mucking machine 14 is connected with bucket elevator 15, and bucket elevator 15 is connected with cooling bin 16, is provided with pulse dust collector 17 between cooling bin 16 and bucket elevator 15.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a burner 2 is connected to a cracking furnace 1 for supplying heat to the cracking furnace 1 under the condition of no oxygen or no oxygen; the cracking furnace 1 is connected with a steam-dividing drum 3, the steam-dividing drum 3 is connected with a first condenser 4, and the first condenser 4 is connected with a first separation tank 5; the oil-containing components in the raw materials are gradually cracked and converted into vapor phases by continuous heating of the cracking furnace 1, vapor phase gas is separated by the vapor separation drum 3, is converted into liquid phases by circulating water cooling of the first condenser 4 and then enters the first separation tank 5, and the oil and the water are separated by the first separation tank 5 by utilizing the difference of specific gravity of the oil and the water.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, since a small amount of uncondensed oil gas and uncondensed gas remain in the above process, the first separation tank 5 is connected with the second condenser 6, the second condenser 6 is connected with the second separation tank 7, the small amount of uncondensed oil gas and uncondensed gas simultaneously enter the second condenser 6 for further condensation, and the oil and the uncondensed oil gas simultaneously enter the secondary separation tank again; the second separation tank 7 is connected with a water seal tank 8, and the water seal tank 8 is connected with a purification tank 9.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the first separation tank 5 and the second separation tank 7 are both connected with a recovery oil tank 10, and the first condenser 4 and the second condenser 6 are both connected with a circulating water pool 18; in order to improve the condensation quality of the first condenser 4, a plurality of first condensers 4 are connected in sequence; in order to improve the quality of the separated gas, the water seal tanks 8 are connected in sequence, and the purification tanks 9 are provided with a plurality of water seal tanks.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the purification tank 9 is connected with a gas spray gun 20, and the gas spray gun 20 is used for supplying heat to the cracking furnace 1; an emergency discharging device 21 is connected between the purifying tank 9 and the gas spray gun 20 through a branch pipeline and is used for discharging part of clean combustible gas into the emergency discharging device 21, the emergency discharging device 21 is connected with a combustion chamber, and a discharging ball valve 23 is arranged on the cracking furnace 1 and is used for rapidly discharging the combustible gas in the emergency discharging device 21 to the combustion chamber when the pressure in the cracking furnace 1 is overhigh in an abnormal state.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an emergency discharging device 21 is connected between the purifying tank 9 and the gas spray gun 20 through a branch pipe, when the pressure in the cracking furnace 1 is too high in an abnormal state, a discharging ball valve 23 on the cracking furnace 1 is started, so that the combustible gas from the second condenser 6 is rapidly discharged to a combustion chamber, is ignited and combusted through an automatic igniter, and then enters a spray dust collector 24, and the safety and stability during cracking are improved.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a spray dust collector 24 is connected to the combustion flue gas of the combustor 2 and the combustion chamber through a pipeline, a dust removal water tank 25 is connected to the spray dust collector 24, and a NaOH solution with a mass fraction of 15-20% or ca (oh) with a mass fraction of 10-30% is added into the dust removal water tank 252The solution is used as an absorption agent, and the flue gas is subjected to alkaline desulfurization, denitrification and purification and then discharged through a chimney 26.
The implementation principle is as follows: firstly, raw materials (medical waste) are sent into a rotary cracking furnace 1 by a spiral feed slurry 11, the spiral feed slurry 11 is closed after the furnace is filled, and a burner 2 is opened to start heating; when the temperature rises to 100-150 ℃, the treatment time is 20-40 minutes, the moisture contained in the raw materials is gradually evaporated and converted into a vapor phase, and the vapor phase is treated by the first condenser 4 and the first separation tank 5 and then recovered.
Secondly, raising the temperature to 180-250 ℃ under the condition of no oxygen or oxygen deficiency, wherein the treatment time is 1-2 hours, oil-containing components in the raw materials start to be gradually cracked and converted into a vapor phase, the vapor phase gas is separated by a vapor separation drum 3, and then is cooled by circulating water of a first condenser 4 to be converted into a liquid phase, and the liquid phase enters a separation tank, and the oil and the water are separated by a first separation tank 5 by utilizing the difference of specific gravity of the oil and the water; in the process, a small amount of oil gas and non-condensable gas which are not condensed simultaneously enter a second condenser 6 for further condensation, and oil and the non-condensable oil gas simultaneously enter a second separation tank 7; after the secondary separation, the non-condensable gas passes through two water-sealed tanks 8 in sequence, and then is washed and purified by an alkaline method through a purification tank 9, so that the clean combustible gas is delivered to a gas spray gun 20 for combustion and heat supply.
Then, raising the temperature to 380-500 ℃ under the condition of no oxygen or oxygen deficiency, treating for 1-3 hours, discharging waste oil into a recovery oil tank 10 after vapor-phase gas sequentially passes through a steam-separating drum 3, a first condenser 4, a first separating tank 5, a second condenser 6 and a second separating tank 7, washing and purifying pyrolysis gas through a water-sealed tank 8 and a purifying tank 9 by an alkaline method, and feeding clean combustible gas into a gas spray gun 20 for combustion to supply heat to the cracking furnace 1;
thirdly, raising the temperature to 600-700 ℃ under the condition of no oxygen or oxygen deficiency, treating for 1-3 hours, fully cracking the raw materials, discharging waste oil into a recovery oil tank 10 after vapor-phase gas sequentially passes through a steam-separating drum 3, a first condenser 4, a first separating tank 5, a second condenser 6 and a second separating tank 7, washing and purifying the cracked gas through a water-sealed tank 8 and a purifying tank 9 by an alkaline method, and feeding clean combustible gas into a gas spray gun 20 for combustion to supply heat to the cracking furnace 1;
and finally, after cracking is finished, closing the combustor 2 and the gas spray gun 20 to stop supplying heat to the cracking furnace 1, discharging bottom slag in the cracking furnace 1 to a storage bin 13 through spiral discharge slurry 12 when the temperature of the cracking furnace 1 is reduced to 60-90 ℃, conveying the bottom slag to a bucket elevator 15 through a horizontal slag discharging machine 14, finally entering a cooling bin 16, sorting, discharging, bagging and transporting away after normal temperature.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A pyrolytic medical waste treatment system, comprising: the device comprises a cracking furnace (1) for containing raw materials, wherein one end of the cracking furnace (1) is a medical waste feeding end, and the other end of the cracking furnace (1) is a solid waste bottom slag discharging end; the cracking furnace (1) is connected with a combustor (2) and used for supplying heat to the cracking furnace (1) under the condition of no oxygen or no oxygen, the cracking furnace (1) is connected with a steam distribution drum (3), the steam distribution drum (3) is connected with a first condenser (4), the first condenser is connected with a first separation tank (5), the first separation tank (5) is connected with a water-sealed tank (8), the water-sealed tank (8) is connected with a purification tank (9), the purification tank (9) is connected with a gas spray gun (20), and the gas spray gun (20) is used for supplying heat to the cracking furnace (1); the burner (2) is connected with a spray dust remover (24), and the spray dust remover (24) is connected with a chimney (26).
2. The pyrolytic medical waste treatment system according to claim 1, wherein: the first separating tank (5) is connected with a second condenser (6), the second condenser (6) is connected with a second separating tank (7), and the second separating tank (7) is connected with a water seal tank (8).
3. The pyrolytic medical waste treatment system according to claim 1, wherein: and the first separation tank (5) and the second separation tank (7) are both connected with a recovery oil tank (10).
4. The pyrolytic medical waste treatment system according to claim 1, wherein: the first condenser (4) is connected with a plurality of condensers in sequence.
5. The pyrolytic medical waste treatment system according to claim 1 or 4, wherein: and the first condenser (4) and the second condenser (6) are both connected with a circulating water pool (18).
6. The pyrolytic medical waste treatment system according to claim 1, wherein: the water-sealed tanks (8) are connected in sequence.
7. The pyrolytic medical waste treatment system according to claim 1, wherein: the purification tank (9) is provided with a plurality of purification tanks.
8. The pyrolytic medical waste treatment system according to claim 1 or 7, wherein: an emergency discharge device (21) is connected between the purification tank (9) and the gas spray gun (20) through a branch pipeline and used for discharging part of clean combustible gas into the emergency discharge device (21), the emergency discharge device (21) is connected with a combustion chamber, and a discharge ball valve (23) is installed on the cracking furnace (1) and used for rapidly discharging the combustible gas in the emergency discharge device (21) into the combustion chamber when the pressure in the cracking furnace (1) is too high in an abnormal state.
9. The pyrolytic medical waste treatment system according to claim 1, wherein: the feeding end of the medical waste is provided with a spiral feeding slurry (11).
10. The pyrolytic medical waste treatment system according to claim 1, wherein: the spiral that solid useless end sediment discharge end was installed and is upwards arranged goes out ground paste (12) the one end that the spiral goes out ground paste (12) is connected with feed bin (13), the bottom of feed bin (13) is connected with horizontal mucking machine (14), the one end of keeping away from feed bin (13) of horizontal mucking machine (14) is connected with bucket elevator (15), bucket elevator (15) are connected with cooling bin (16) be provided with pulse dust collector (17) between cooling bin (16) and bucket elevator (15).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202122559070.9U CN216297479U (en) | 2021-10-22 | 2021-10-22 | Pyrolysis type medical waste treatment system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202122559070.9U CN216297479U (en) | 2021-10-22 | 2021-10-22 | Pyrolysis type medical waste treatment system |
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| CN216297479U true CN216297479U (en) | 2022-04-15 |
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| CN202122559070.9U Active CN216297479U (en) | 2021-10-22 | 2021-10-22 | Pyrolysis type medical waste treatment system |
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