CN216273828U - Distributed organic domestic garbage integrated composting equipment - Google Patents
Distributed organic domestic garbage integrated composting equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN216273828U CN216273828U CN202123148568.2U CN202123148568U CN216273828U CN 216273828 U CN216273828 U CN 216273828U CN 202123148568 U CN202123148568 U CN 202123148568U CN 216273828 U CN216273828 U CN 216273828U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The utility model discloses distributed organic domestic garbage integrated composting equipment which comprises an aerobic composting area and a feeding area, wherein the aerobic composting area comprises a heating and heat-insulating system, an air preheating system, a rotating system and a fermentation chamber; the feeding area is arranged right above the fermentation chamber, four sub-areas which are horizontally arranged and mutually isolated are arranged in the feeding area, discharging pipes are respectively arranged at the bottom ends of the four sub-areas, and discharging valves are arranged on the discharging pipes; the heating and heat-preserving system comprises a water pipe, a circulating pump and a water heating device; the air preheating system comprises an aeration opening, a coil pipe and a blower; the rotating system comprises a rotating shaft, a driving motor and a plurality of second partition plates, the rotating shaft is vertically arranged at the center of the fermentation chamber, and the driving motor can drive the rotating shaft to rotate; a plurality of measuring units are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the fermentation chamber in the circumferential direction, and each measuring unit comprises a temperature sensor, a moisture content sensor and an oxygen content sensor. The utility model improves the quality of the compost product.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of garbage treatment, in particular to distributed organic domestic garbage integrated composting equipment.
Background
The rural domestic garbage contains a large amount of organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrient substances, is extremely easy to decay in the transportation process, generates a large amount of leachate and odor, and pollutes the environment along the way. Through high-temperature aerobic fermentation, the harmless and quantitative reduction of rural domestic organic garbage can be realized, and organic fertilizers are produced simultaneously, so that the environmental pollution is reduced, the soil fertility and the quality of agricultural products can be improved by utilizing the organic fertilizers, the agricultural green production development direction is met, and the method is an important measure for realizing agricultural planting and breeding circulation.
The existing composting technology mainly comprises three types, namely a strip pile type, a groove type and a reactor type, wherein the reactor type is that materials are placed in a partially or totally closed container, ventilation and moisture conditions are controlled, high-temperature aerobic fermentation is carried out, and the materials are subjected to biodegradation and conversion.
However, the existing reactor type composting technology still has the problems of high investment cost, poor quality of composting products, low automation degree and the like, and the popularization and application of the reactor type composting technology in the aspect of rural domestic organic garbage treatment are limited to a certain extent.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to provide distributed organic domestic garbage integrated composting equipment, which is used for solving the problems in the prior art and improving the quality of composting products.
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model provides the following scheme:
the utility model provides distributed organic domestic garbage integrated composting equipment which comprises an aerobic composting area and a feeding area, wherein the aerobic composting area comprises a heating and heat-insulating system, an air preheating system, a rotating system and a fermentation chamber;
the feeding area is arranged right above the fermentation chamber, four sub-areas which are horizontally arranged and mutually isolated are arranged in the feeding area, the four sub-areas are an organic domestic garbage chamber, an auxiliary material chamber, a fermentation auxiliary material chamber and a water injection chamber respectively, discharging pipes are arranged at the bottom ends of the four sub-areas respectively, and discharging valves are arranged on the discharging pipes;
the heating and heat-preserving system comprises a water pipe, a circulating pump and a water heating device, the water pipe is coiled on the side wall of the fermentation chamber, one end of the water pipe is communicated with the water outlet of the circulating pump, the water inlet of the circulating pump is communicated with the water outlet of the water heating device, and the other end of the water pipe is communicated with the water inlet of the water heating device;
the air preheating system comprises an aeration opening, a coil pipe and a blower, the aeration opening is arranged at the bottom of the fermentation chamber and is communicated with the interior of the fermentation chamber, the aeration opening is communicated with an air outlet of the blower through the coil pipe, the coil pipe is coiled on the side wall of the fermentation chamber, and air in the coil pipe can exchange heat with water in the water pipe;
the rotating system comprises a rotating shaft, a driving motor and a plurality of second partition plates, a cavity in the fermentation chamber is cylindrical, the rotating shaft is vertically arranged at the center of the fermentation chamber, the second partition plates are vertical and distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft, one end of each second partition plate is fixedly connected with the side wall of the rotating shaft, and the driving motor can drive the rotating shaft to rotate;
a plurality of measuring units are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the fermentation chamber in the circumferential direction, the number of the measuring units is equal to that of the second partition plates, and the measuring units comprise temperature sensors, moisture content sensors and oxygen content sensors; the temperature sensor, the moisture content sensor, the oxygen content sensor, the driving motor, the air blower, the circulating pump and the discharge valve are respectively connected with a controller.
Preferably, be provided with the rubbish rubbing crusher in the organic domestic waste room, be provided with electronic stirring rake in the auxiliary material room, the rubbish rubbing crusher with electronic stirring rake is connected with the controller respectively.
Preferably, two adjacent sub-regions are separated by a first partition.
Preferably, the discharge valve is an electromagnetic valve.
Preferably, the water heating device is a solar heat collector.
Preferably, the plurality of temperature sensors have the same height, the plurality of moisture content sensors have the same height, the plurality of oxygen content sensors have the same height, and the second partition plate is provided with notches corresponding to the temperature sensors, the moisture content sensors, and the oxygen content sensors, respectively.
Preferably, the driving motor is arranged below the fermentation chamber, an output shaft of the driving motor is connected with the rotating shaft through a coupler, and the rotating shaft is in running fit with a bottom plate of the fermentation chamber through a sealing bearing.
Preferably, the coil pipe and the water pipe are distributed at intervals, and the side wall of the coil pipe is in contact with the side wall of the adjacent water pipe.
Preferably, the bottom of the fermentation chamber is provided with a water inlet, and the top of the fermentation chamber is provided with a water outlet.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following technical effects:
the distributed organic domestic garbage integrated composting equipment improves the quality of composting products. The distributed organic domestic garbage integrated composting equipment is convenient to use, can conveniently treat organic domestic garbage, and meanwhile, the rotation of the stacking areas and the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valves are controlled according to sensor feedback data, so that accurate control of feeding, water adding, fermentation inoculant adding and the like in each area is realized, the operation of a rotating system is favorable for overturning and mixing of materials in each stacking area.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a distributed organic domestic waste integrated composting apparatus according to the utility model;
FIG. 2 is a partial schematic structural diagram of a distributed organic domestic waste integrated composting apparatus according to the utility model;
wherein: 100. distributed organic domestic garbage integrated composting equipment; 1. a fermentation chamber; 2. a feed zone; 21. an organic domestic waste chamber; 211. a garbage crusher; 22. an auxiliary material chamber; 221. an electric stirring paddle; 23. a fermentation auxiliary material chamber; 24. a water injection chamber; 25. a first separator; 3. a discharge valve; 4. a blower; 5. a rotating shaft; 6. a drive motor; 7. an aeration opening; 8. a water inlet; 9. a water outlet; 10. a second separator; 11. a stacking area.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
The utility model aims to provide distributed organic domestic garbage integrated composting equipment, which is used for solving the problems in the prior art and improving the quality of composting products.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
As shown in fig. 1 to 2: the embodiment provides a distributed organic domestic garbage integrated composting device 100 which comprises an aerobic composting area and a feeding area 2, wherein the aerobic composting area comprises a heating and heat-preserving system, an air preheating system, a rotating system and a fermentation chamber 1. The bottom of the fermentation chamber 1 is provided with a water inlet 8, and the top of the fermentation chamber 1 is also provided with a water outlet 9.
Wherein, the feeding area 2 is arranged right above the fermentation chamber 1, four horizontally arranged and mutually isolated sub-areas are arranged in the feeding area 2, the four sub-areas are respectively an organic domestic garbage chamber 21, an auxiliary material chamber 22, a fermentation auxiliary material chamber 23 and a water injection chamber 24, and the two adjacent sub-areas are separated by a first clapboard 25. The bottom ends of the four sub-areas are respectively provided with a discharging pipe, and a discharging valve 3 is arranged on the discharging pipe; each discharge valve 3 is an electromagnetic valve. The organic domestic garbage chamber 21 is provided with a garbage crusher 211, the auxiliary material chamber 22 is provided with an electric stirring paddle 221, and the garbage crusher 211 and the electric stirring paddle 221 are respectively connected with the controller.
The 4 sub-areas mainly play the roles of raw material storage, pretreatment and proportioning. The organic domestic waste area is provided with an organic domestic waste crusher 211, and the crusher is started after the organic domestic waste is poured into the area to crush the large organic waste. The auxiliary material area is mainly used for placing straws, livestock and poultry manure and the like according to the characteristics of the household garbage. And is provided with a stirring paddle for uniformly mixing the manure in the area. Adjusting the feeding amount of agricultural wastes such as organic domestic garbage, straws, livestock and poultry manure according to the C/N ratio, and ensuring that the C/N ratio of a composting area is 30: 1-15: 1; according to the moisture and the composting state of the aerobic composting area, the dosage of the zymophyte agent and water is controlled, and the initial fermentation moisture is about 60-75 percent.
The heating and heat-preserving system comprises a water pipe, a circulating pump and a water heating device, wherein the water pipe is coiled on the outer side wall of the fermentation chamber 1, one end of the water pipe is communicated with a water outlet 9 of the circulating pump, a water inlet 8 of the circulating pump is communicated with a water outlet 9 of the water heating device, and the other end of the water pipe is communicated with a water inlet 8 of the water heating device; the hot water pump is circulated in the water inlet pipe through the circulating pump, so that the fermentation chamber 1 is heated and insulated. The water heating device is a solar heat collector, and solar energy is used for heating circulating water. The heating and heat-preserving system annularly wraps the aerobic composting area to provide a stable thermal environment for aerobic composting, and the temperature environment is maintained at 40-60 ℃ in winter or when the environmental temperature is lower.
The air preheating system comprises an aeration port 7, a coil pipe and a blower 4, wherein the aeration port 7 is arranged at the bottom of the fermentation chamber 1 and is communicated with the interior of the fermentation chamber 1, the aeration port 7 is communicated with an air outlet of the blower 4 through the coil pipe, the coil pipe is wound on the outer side wall of the fermentation chamber 1, and air in the coil pipe can exchange heat with water in the water pipe; specifically, the coil pipes and the water pipes are distributed at intervals, and the side walls of the coil pipes are in contact with the side walls of the adjacent water pipes. Other arrangements are of course possible, provided that sufficient heat exchange between the air in the coil and the water in the water tube is ensured. The air preheating system is arranged at the periphery of the circulating water heating system in a coil shape and used for preheating air, so that the temperature of the air entering the composting area is 35-45 ℃.
The rotating system comprises a rotating shaft 5, a driving motor 6 and six second partition plates 10, the fermentation chamber 1 is cylindrical, a cavity in the fermentation chamber 1 is also cylindrical, the rotating shaft 5 is vertically arranged at the center of the fermentation chamber 1, the six second partition plates 10 are vertical and distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft 5, one end of each second partition plate 10 is fixedly connected with the side wall of the rotating shaft 5, and the driving motor 6 can drive the rotating shaft 5 to rotate; the driving motor 6 is arranged below the fermentation chamber 1, an output shaft of the driving motor 6 is connected with the rotating shaft 5 through a coupler, and the rotating shaft 5 is in running fit with a bottom plate of the fermentation chamber 1 through a sealing bearing.
Six measuring units are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the fermentation chamber 1 in the circumferential direction, and each measuring unit specifically comprises a temperature sensor, a moisture content sensor and an oxygen content sensor; the temperature sensor, the moisture content sensor, the oxygen content sensor, the driving motor 6, the air blower 4, the circulating pump and the discharge valve 3 are respectively connected with the controller. The controller can specifically adopt a PLC programmable controller.
The heights of the temperature sensors are the same, the heights of the moisture content sensors are the same, the heights of the oxygen content sensors are the same, and the second partition plate 10 is provided with notches corresponding to the temperature sensors, the moisture content sensors and the oxygen content sensors respectively.
A stacking region 11 is formed between any adjacent two of the second separators 10. Utilize motor drive to realize that 6 fermentations are piled the space of putting district 11 and are rotated to all installing temperature sensor, moisture content sensor and oxygen content sensor etc. in every regional top, according to opening and shutting of sensor feedback data control heap district 11 rotation and each solenoid valve, realize that every region feeds in raw material, adds water, adds accurate control such as zymogen agent. When the space rotates, the turning and mixing of the materials in the 6 fermentation stacking areas 11 are facilitated.
The specific use process of the distributed organic domestic waste integrated composting apparatus 100 of the embodiment is as follows:
(1) preprocessing and storing, taking kitchen waste of rural residents as a case, collecting the kitchen waste of the residents to an organic domestic waste chamber 21 every day, and crushing the kitchen waste into particles with the particle size of 1-2 cm; collecting straw, livestock and fowl feces, etc. to the auxiliary material chamber 22, and stirring for 20 min; filling a fermentation complex microbial inoculum to the fermentation auxiliary material chamber 23, filling domestic sewage to the water injection chamber 24, and heating the domestic sewage in the water injection chamber 24 to 25-30 ℃.
(2) Discharging each material in the feeding area 2 into any one stacking area 11, fermenting, and after one stacking area 11 is fully stacked, discharging the material in the feeding area 2 into the next stacking area 11; the space of 6 fermentation stacking areas 11 is driven by a motor to rotate anticlockwise or clockwise, so that different stacking areas 11 are sequentially filled with materials; when materials are discharged into any one stacking area 11, the feeding amount of different materials is adjusted according to the C/N ratio, and the C/N ratio of the materials in the stacking area 11 is ensured to be 30: 1-15: 1; controlling the use amounts of the fermentation complex microbial inoculum and the domestic sewage according to the moisture and the composting state of the aerobic composting area;
in this embodiment, the organic domestic waste is fermented in batches; utilizing the accurate regulation and control independent spaces of 6 stacking areas 11, fully stacking the first stacking area 11 for fermentation on the first day, fully stacking the second stacking area 11 for fermentation on the second day, and so on, fully stacking the sixth fermentation area on the sixth day, performing intermediate control, controlling the fermentation time of each fermentation area to be 6 days, and regulating and controlling parameters such as temperature, humidity, oxygen content and the like of the fermentation areas in real time according to the fermentation state every day to realize accurate regulation and control, wherein a heating and heat-preserving system is utilized to ensure that the temperature environment in the stacking areas is 40-60 ℃; and (3) utilizing an air preheating system to ensure that the temperature of air entering the composting area is 35-45 ℃.
The feeding amount of different materials is adjusted according to the fermentation degree in the stacking area 11 and the change condition of the C/N ratio in the fermentation process, so that the supplement of each material is realized.
(3) After the sixth fermentation area is fully stacked on the sixth day, just after the fermentation in the first stacking area 11 is finished, starting to discharge the fermentation product in the first stacking area 11, and after the discharge is finished, continuously filling new materials for fermentation; and the other piling areas 11 which finish the fermentation are sequentially discharged and added with new materials, and are sequentially fermented.
(4) Then, entering a normal operation mode, namely entering fresh organic domestic garbage and domestic sewage every day, and supplementing new straw, livestock and poultry and fermentation complex microbial inoculum; discharging fermented products every day, and intensively transferring the fermented products to a composting field for secondary processing.
(5) Discharging the organic fertilizer discharged in the step (3) into a secondary decomposition area for curing, and then mixing inorganic fertilizer to prepare a finished fertilizer;
(6) and (5) repeating the steps (1) to (5) to finish the integrated continuous aerobic composting process.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "top", "bottom", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The principle and the implementation mode of the present invention are explained by applying specific examples in the present specification, and the above descriptions of the examples are only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the utility model.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a distributing type organic domestic waste integration compost equipment which characterized in that: the device comprises an aerobic composting area and a feeding area, wherein the aerobic composting area comprises a heating and heat-preserving system, an air preheating system, a rotating system and a fermentation chamber;
the feeding area is arranged right above the fermentation chamber, four sub-areas which are horizontally arranged and mutually isolated are arranged in the feeding area, the four sub-areas are an organic domestic garbage chamber, an auxiliary material chamber, a fermentation auxiliary material chamber and a water injection chamber respectively, discharging pipes are arranged at the bottom ends of the four sub-areas respectively, and discharging valves are arranged on the discharging pipes;
the heating and heat-preserving system comprises a water pipe, a circulating pump and a water heating device, the water pipe is coiled on the side wall of the fermentation chamber, one end of the water pipe is communicated with the water outlet of the circulating pump, the water inlet of the circulating pump is communicated with the water outlet of the water heating device, and the other end of the water pipe is communicated with the water inlet of the water heating device;
the air preheating system comprises an aeration opening, a coil pipe and a blower, the aeration opening is arranged at the bottom of the fermentation chamber and is communicated with the interior of the fermentation chamber, the aeration opening is communicated with an air outlet of the blower through the coil pipe, the coil pipe is coiled on the side wall of the fermentation chamber, and air in the coil pipe can exchange heat with water in the water pipe;
the rotating system comprises a rotating shaft, a driving motor and a plurality of second partition plates, a cavity in the fermentation chamber is cylindrical, the rotating shaft is vertically arranged at the center of the fermentation chamber, the second partition plates are vertical and distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft, one end of each second partition plate is fixedly connected with the side wall of the rotating shaft, and the driving motor can drive the rotating shaft to rotate;
a plurality of measuring units are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the fermentation chamber in the circumferential direction, the number of the measuring units is equal to that of the second partition plates, and the measuring units comprise temperature sensors, moisture content sensors and oxygen content sensors; the temperature sensor, the moisture content sensor, the oxygen content sensor, the driving motor, the air blower, the circulating pump and the discharge valve are respectively connected with a controller.
2. The distributed organic domestic waste integrated composting apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the organic household garbage chamber is internally provided with a garbage crusher, the auxiliary chamber is internally provided with an electric stirring paddle, and the garbage crusher and the electric stirring paddle are respectively connected with the controller.
3. The distributed organic domestic waste integrated composting apparatus of claim 1, wherein: two adjacent sub-areas are separated by a first partition.
4. The distributed organic domestic waste integrated composting apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the discharge valve is an electromagnetic valve.
5. The distributed organic domestic waste integrated composting apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the water heating device is a solar heat collector.
6. The distributed organic domestic waste integrated composting apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the heights of the plurality of temperature sensors are the same, the heights of the plurality of moisture content sensors are the same, the heights of the plurality of oxygen content sensors are the same, and the second partition plate is provided with notches corresponding to the temperature sensors, the moisture content sensors and the oxygen content sensors respectively.
7. The distributed organic domestic waste integrated composting apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the driving motor is arranged below the fermentation chamber, an output shaft of the driving motor is connected with the rotating shaft through a coupler, and the rotating shaft is in running fit with a bottom plate of the fermentation chamber through a sealing bearing.
8. The distributed organic domestic waste integrated composting apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the coil pipe with the water pipe interval distribution, just the lateral wall of coil pipe and adjacent the lateral wall of water pipe contacts each other.
9. The distributed organic domestic waste integrated composting apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the bottom of fermentation chamber is provided with the water inlet, the top of fermentation chamber is provided with the delivery port.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202123148568.2U CN216273828U (en) | 2021-12-15 | 2021-12-15 | Distributed organic domestic garbage integrated composting equipment |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202123148568.2U CN216273828U (en) | 2021-12-15 | 2021-12-15 | Distributed organic domestic garbage integrated composting equipment |
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| CN216273828U true CN216273828U (en) | 2022-04-12 |
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| CN202123148568.2U Active CN216273828U (en) | 2021-12-15 | 2021-12-15 | Distributed organic domestic garbage integrated composting equipment |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113999058A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-02-01 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Distributed organic domestic garbage integrated composting equipment |
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2021
- 2021-12-15 CN CN202123148568.2U patent/CN216273828U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113999058A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-02-01 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Distributed organic domestic garbage integrated composting equipment |
| CN113999058B (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2024-07-23 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Distributed organic household garbage integrated composting equipment |
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