CN216254729U - Device for evaluating low-temperature and high-temperature stress tolerance of aquatic animals - Google Patents
Device for evaluating low-temperature and high-temperature stress tolerance of aquatic animals Download PDFInfo
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- CN216254729U CN216254729U CN202123003267.0U CN202123003267U CN216254729U CN 216254729 U CN216254729 U CN 216254729U CN 202123003267 U CN202123003267 U CN 202123003267U CN 216254729 U CN216254729 U CN 216254729U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a device for evaluating the low-temperature and high-temperature stress tolerance of aquatic animals, belonging to the field of animal experimental facilities, and comprising a lower water container, an upper water container, an adjustable animal breeding unit, a water pump, an upper water pipe, a lower water pipe, a heating device, a refrigerating device, an aerating device, a wave-making pump and a temperature control device; the adjustable animal breeding units are more than one and are placed in the upper water container, and the upper water pipe and the lower water pipe are respectively communicated with the upper water and the lower water of the lower water container and the upper water container; the water pump and the wave-making pump are positioned in the lower water container; the air charging device is used for supplying water and charging oxygen; the heating device and the refrigerating device are respectively used for heating or cooling water; the temperature control device is used for controlling water temperature and time and can start or stop the heating device or the refrigerating device at regular time. The device can provide the same stable low temperature or high temperature environment for multiple aquatic animals, and is easy and simple to handle, and experimental error is little.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the field of animal experiment facilities, and particularly relates to a device for evaluating low-temperature and high-temperature stress tolerance of aquatic animals.
Background
In the process of growth and development of aquatic animals, the temperature of a water body is a crucial environmental factor. With the frequent occurrence of extreme weather events in recent years, summer high-temperature stress and winter low-temperature stress become common and important environmental stresses to be prevented in the aquaculture industry, mild people can affect the physiological functions of feeding, growing, breeding, immunity and the like of fishes, shrimps and crabs, and severe people can cause large-area death and serious economic loss of the fishes, the shrimps and the crabs. In order to prevent the phenomenon, a plurality of special feeds for fish overwintering and feed additives resistant to high-temperature stress are sold in the market, but the requirements of aquatic animals on low-temperature and high-temperature stress tolerance evaluation cannot be met precisely by a culture pond or a culture system in a laboratory in the current production. Therefore, it is of great productive interest to evaluate the tolerance of different aquatic animals to low and high temperature stress.
Taking the most advanced zebra fish recirculating aquaculture system as an example at present, the water temperature control system is also single, only consists of a heating rod and an electronic digital display temperature controller, refrigeration cannot be carried out, the water temperature of the system can only be maintained between room temperature (above 15 ℃) and 35 ℃ (overheat power-off protection), but in the temperature range, most aquatic animals can survive and cannot die. For example, the minimum lethal temperature of zebrafish is 9 ℃ and the maximum lethal temperature is 39 ℃. Therefore, neither the culture system nor the aquarium heating rod sold in the market at present can evaluate the lowest temperature and the highest temperature lethal to a certain aquatic animal, nor can compare the tolerance of different aquatic animals to low temperature and high temperature, nor can evaluate the influence of different experimental treatments (such as low-temperature resistant feed) on the critical temperature lethal to a certain aquatic animal.
In addition, the design of the culture tank in the existing aquatic animal culture system is single, the culture tanks are all independent small culture tanks with fixed sizes, the culture tanks cannot be disassembled and freely assembled generally, and the culture tanks are very inconvenient and difficult to compare the survival rates of aquatic animals with different body types or sizes when the aquatic animals are stressed at low temperature or high temperature. Therefore, it is urgently needed to design a device capable of evaluating the low-temperature and high-temperature stress tolerance of aquatic animals to meet the requirements of scientific research experiments.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides a device capable of evaluating the low-temperature and high-temperature stress tolerance of aquatic animals and a using method thereof.
The utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
an apparatus for evaluating low and high temperature stress tolerance of aquatic animals, the apparatus comprising a lower water container, an upper water container, an adjustable animal breeding unit, a water pump, a water supply pipe, a water drain pipe, a heating device, a refrigerating device, an air charging device, a wave making pump and a temperature control device;
the adjustable animal breeding units are arranged more than one, the adjustable animal breeding units are placed in the upper water containing container, and the adjustable animal breeding units can permeate water and aquatic animal excrement; the water pump is arranged in the lower water container and provides power for water delivery, and the upper water pipe and the lower water pipe are respectively communicated with the upper water and the lower water of the lower water container and the upper water container;
the wave making pump is positioned in the lower water container and is used for uniformly mixing the water body to ensure uniform temperature of the water body;
the air charging device is used for charging oxygen to the water in the lower water container; the heating device and the refrigerating device are respectively used for heating or cooling water in the lower water container;
the temperature control device is used for controlling water temperature and time and can start or stop the heating device or the refrigerating device at regular time.
Furthermore, the adjustable animal breeding unit is a box-shaped body with a cover on the upper surface, and water permeable holes are distributed around the box-shaped body.
Furthermore, the adjustable animal breeding unit is a box-shaped body with a cover on the upper surface, and gaps are distributed around the box-shaped body.
Furthermore, a filtering device is arranged at the upper end of the lower water container, and before the sewer pipe flows into the lower water container, the sewer pipe is filtered by the filtering device to remove food residues or excrement in the water body.
Furthermore, the device also comprises a bracket for supporting the upper water container.
Further, the device also comprises a main power supply which is used for supplying electric energy to the whole device.
Further, a water outlet is arranged at the upper part of the upper water container and is connected with a sewer pipe for controlling the water level of the upper water container.
The utility model also provides a using method of the device, which comprises the following specific steps:
(1) filling the aerated natural seawater into the lower water container, and connecting the devices;
(2) turning on a water pump, and pumping part of seawater in the lower water container into the upper water container through an upper water pipe; when the water level in the upper water container reaches the opening of the lower water pipe, the redundant seawater can flow back to the lower water container along with the lower water pipe again to form a water circulation; in the water circulation process, the water in the sewer pipe passes through the filtering device and plays a role in purifying the seawater flowing back to the lower water container;
(3) placing a plurality of adjustable animal breeding units in the upper water container, and placing aquatic animals to be tested in the adjustable animal breeding units;
(4) the heating device or the refrigerating device is selected to be turned on according to the experimental requirements, and the heating device or the refrigerating device is automatically turned off after the temperature control device reaches the required water temperature or time;
(5) opening an aerating device to provide sufficient dissolved oxygen for a system water body;
(6) turning on the wave-making pump to stir the seawater in the lower water container to ensure uniform temperature of the water body;
(7) observing the living state of the aquatic animals in the adjustable animal culture unit to obtain the tolerance of the aquatic animals to low temperature or high temperature.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:
the device can conveniently and visually detect the low-temperature or high-temperature tolerance of aquatic animals, the water temperature in the device can be adjusted at will according to needs, the needs of various experimental animals are met, a plurality of parallel groups can be arranged at the same time, all experimental groups are in the same water environment, and errors caused by the environment are avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the apparatus of the present invention: 1. the system comprises an upper water container, a lower water container, 3, an adjustable animal breeding unit, 4, a water pump, 5, a water feeding pipe, 6, a water discharging pipe, 7, a U-shaped heating pipe, 8, a cold compressor, 9, a U-shaped refrigerating pipe, 10, a temperature control device, 11, an air pump, 12, an air conveying pipe, 13 air stones, 14, a wave making pump, 15 thermometers and 16 main power supplies.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained by the following examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited in any way by the examples.
Example 1
An apparatus for evaluating the resistance of aquatic animals to low and high temperature stress, as shown in fig. 1, comprises an upper water container 1, a lower water container 2, an adjustable animal breeding unit 3, a water pump 4, an upper water pipe 5, a lower water pipe 6, a heating device 7, a refrigerating device, an inflating device, a wave making pump 14 and a temperature control device 10;
the adjustable animal breeding units are arranged more than one, the adjustable animal breeding units are placed in the upper water containing container, and the adjustable animal breeding units can permeate water and aquatic animal excrement; the water pump is arranged in the lower water container, and the upper water pipe and the lower water pipe are respectively communicated with the upper water and the lower water of the lower water container and the upper water container;
the lower water container is as follows: 100cm in length, 80cm in width and 80cm in height, and is made of polyethylene plastic.
The upper water container is as follows: 100cm long, 80cm wide and 40cm high, and is made of polyethylene plastic. A thermometer 15 is placed.
The adjustable animal breeding unit can be customized and combined according to the size of the body of the aquatic animal, the upper cover can be opened to place the aquatic animal, small holes with the diameter of 5mm are fully distributed around the upper cover, water body exchange is ensured, all experimental animals are ensured to be in the same water temperature environment, and excrement can flow away from the small holes.
The power of the water pump is 10W, and the flow is 2000L water/h; the water pump conveys water in the lower water container into the upper water container through the water feeding pipe, the water in the upper water container flows back into the lower water container through the water discharging pipe, the water in the upper water container passes through a filtering device before entering the lower water container, the filtering device is a filtering bag and filtering cotton, the mesh of the filtering bag is 100 meshes, the filtering bag is made of nylon, and the filtering cotton is made of PP cotton.
The heating device is a U-shaped heating pipe 7: stainless steel material, power 800W. The refrigerating device comprises a refrigerating compressor 8 with the power of 1000W and a U-shaped refrigerating pipe 9 made of stainless steel.
The temperature control device 10 is used for controlling water temperature and time, and can start or stop the heating device or the refrigerating device at regular time. The device comprises a temperature sensor and a controller, and the temperature control error is 0.1 ℃. The temperature sensor is connected with the controller through a data line, and the heating device or the refrigerating device is automatically started when the temperature change exceeds the set temperature or time.
The inflation device comprises an air pump 11, air conveying pipes 12 and sepiolite 13, the power of the air pump is 12W, and the inner diameter of each air conveying pipe is 0.4 cm; the bubbled stone is spherical and has a diameter of 8 cm.
The wave making pump 14: the flow rate is 1000 liters of water per hour, the lift is 1m, and the water mixing device is arranged in the lower water container and plays a role in uniformly mixing water bodies.
Example 2. the temperature tolerance of takifugu rubripes was determined using the apparatus of example 1 by the following specific method:
(1) the lower water container is filled with aerated natural seawater (salinity of 30 ‰), and a system main power supply 16 plug is plugged to electrify the whole system.
(2) Turning on a water pump, and pumping part of seawater in the lower water container into the upper water container through an upper water pipe; when the water level in the upper water container reaches the opening of the lower water pipe, the redundant seawater can flow back to the lower water container along with the lower water pipe again to form a water circulation.
(3) In the water circulation process, water in the sewer pipe passes through the 100-mesh filter bag, filter cotton is contained in the filter bag, and the seawater flowing back to the lower water container has a purification effect.
(4) The U-shaped heating pipe or the refrigeration compressor is selectively opened according to experiment needs, the electronic digital display temperature controller sets the water temperature to be reached, and the U-shaped heating pipe or the refrigeration compressor is automatically closed after the set water temperature is reached.
(5) The air pump, the air delivery pipe and the sepiolite are connected to provide sufficient dissolved oxygen for the water body of the system.
(6) And (4) turning on the wave making pump to stir the seawater in the lower water container, so as to ensure uniform temperature of the water body.
(7) a, determining a low-temperature tolerance point of the takifugu rubripes through an experiment:
10 healthy takifugu rubripes (average weight: 98 +/-5 g) are respectively placed in 10 adjustable animal breeding units and are placed in an upper water container together. The initial water temperature of the system is 22 ℃, the water temperature of the system is set to be reduced by 1 ℃ every hour, and the death of the takifugu rubripes is observed at which temperature, so that the low-temperature tolerance point of the takifugu rubripes is determined.
b. Determining the high-temperature tolerance point of the fugu rubripes through experiments:
10 healthy takifugu rubripes (average weight: 98 +/-5 g) are respectively placed in 10 adjustable animal breeding units and are placed in an upper water container together. The initial water temperature of the system is 22 ℃, the water temperature of the system is set to rise by 1 ℃ every hour, and the death of the takifugu rubripes is observed at which temperature, so that the high-temperature tolerance point of the takifugu rubripes is determined.
C. And (4) conclusion: the low temperature tolerance point of the takifugu rubripes is 7 ℃ and the high temperature tolerance point is 36 ℃.
Example 3: the effect of hunger on the cold tolerance of fugu rubripes was studied using the device described in example 1:
60 healthy takifugu rubripes seedlings (average weight of 5 +/-1 g) are prepared and randomly distributed in 6 adjustable animal breeding units, and 10 fishes are placed in each breeding unit. 3 of the culture units were starved for 72 hours after the last feeding, and the other 3 culture units were kept feeding for these 72 hours. And after 72 hours, starting a refrigeration compressor to reduce the temperature, reducing the water temperature of the system by 1 ℃ every hour, and comparing the survival rates of the satiety group and the hunger group at low temperature.
And (4) conclusion:
compared with the satiety group, the low-temperature tolerance of the fugu rubripes can be improved by 72 hours of hunger, and the survival rate of the fugu rubripes at the low temperature of 7 ℃ is obviously improved.
The foregoing has described the general principles, general features, steps and advantages of the utility model. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are merely illustrative of the principles of the utility model, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, which fall within the scope of the claims. The scope of the utility model patent claims is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. A device for evaluating the low-temperature and high-temperature stress tolerance of aquatic animals is characterized by comprising a lower water container, an upper water container, an adjustable animal breeding unit, a water pump, an upper water pipe, a lower water pipe, a heating device, a refrigerating device, an air charging device, a wave making pump and a temperature control device;
the adjustable animal breeding units are arranged more than one, the adjustable animal breeding units are placed in the upper water containing container, and the adjustable animal breeding units can permeate water and aquatic animal excrement; the water pump is arranged in the lower water container and provides power for water delivery, and the upper water pipe and the lower water pipe are respectively communicated with the upper water and the lower water of the lower water container and the upper water container;
the wave making pump is positioned in the lower water container and is used for uniformly mixing the water body to ensure uniform temperature of the water body;
the air charging device is used for charging oxygen to the water in the lower water container; the heating device and the refrigerating device are respectively used for heating or cooling water in the lower water container;
the temperature control device is used for controlling water temperature and time and can start or stop the heating device or the refrigerating device at regular time;
the adjustable animal breeding unit is a box-shaped body with a cover on the upper surface, and water permeable holes are distributed on the periphery of the box-shaped body; the upper end of the lower water container is provided with a filtering device, and the lower water container is filtered by the filtering device before the sewer pipe flows into the lower water container so as to remove food residues or excrement in the water body.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the adjustable animal farming unit is a box-shaped body with a cover thereon, and the box-shaped body has slits distributed around the circumference thereof.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a support for supporting the upper water container.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a mains power supply for providing electrical power to the entire apparatus.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the upper part of the upper water container is provided with a water outlet connected to a sewer pipe for controlling a water level of the upper water container.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123003267.0U CN216254729U (en) | 2021-12-01 | 2021-12-01 | Device for evaluating low-temperature and high-temperature stress tolerance of aquatic animals |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123003267.0U CN216254729U (en) | 2021-12-01 | 2021-12-01 | Device for evaluating low-temperature and high-temperature stress tolerance of aquatic animals |
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| CN216254729U true CN216254729U (en) | 2022-04-12 |
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| CN202123003267.0U Active CN216254729U (en) | 2021-12-01 | 2021-12-01 | Device for evaluating low-temperature and high-temperature stress tolerance of aquatic animals |
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- 2021-12-01 CN CN202123003267.0U patent/CN216254729U/en active Active
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