CN216214135U - X-waveband multi-beam phased-array microstrip antenna - Google Patents
X-waveband multi-beam phased-array microstrip antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN216214135U CN216214135U CN202122043201.8U CN202122043201U CN216214135U CN 216214135 U CN216214135 U CN 216214135U CN 202122043201 U CN202122043201 U CN 202122043201U CN 216214135 U CN216214135 U CN 216214135U
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Abstract
The application discloses an X-waveband multi-beam phased-array microstrip antenna, which relates to the technical field of microstrip antennas and solves the problems that in the prior art, a phased-array antenna is used for receiving a single wide beam in a pitching surface and is low in scanning precision, and the antenna comprises a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna; the transmitting antenna comprises a plurality of transmitting antenna units, the transmitting antenna units are connected with 1 transceiving component, and the number of the transmitting antenna units is more than or equal to 4; the receiving antenna comprises a plurality of receiving antenna units, the receiving antenna units are connected with 4 transceiving components, and the number of the receiving antenna units is more than or equal to 4; the receiving antenna unit and the transmitting antenna unit are linear arrays, and the receiving and transmitting assembly is fixedly connected with the antenna units, so that four scanning beams are realized, and the scanning precision is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of microstrip antennas, in particular to an X-band multi-beam phased array microstrip antenna.
Background
Microstrip antennas have the advantages of small size, light weight, low profile, easy conformality, easy integration of Microwave Integrated Circuits (MICs) and Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuits (MMICs), etc., and thus are widely used. The micro-strip array antenna greatly promotes the miniaturization process of the antenna, so that the high-gain micro-strip antenna array has great application value and engineering value.
At present, microstrip electric wires are widely applied to various communication systems such as radars, missile guidance and satellite communication and the military field. The phased array antenna can flexibly control the main beam pointing direction of the antenna, and can simultaneously perform multi-target search, identification and tracking.
However, the traditional phased array antenna receives a single wide beam from the pitching surface, and the scanning precision is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides an X wave band multibeam phased array microstrip antenna, has solved among the prior art phased array antenna pitch face and has received for single wide wave beam, the low problem of scanning accuracy, has realized that phased array antenna pitch face is four scanning beams to scanning accuracy has been improved.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an X-band multi-beam phased array microstrip antenna, which comprises a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna, wherein the transmitting antenna is connected with the receiving antenna through a power line;
the transmitting antenna comprises a plurality of transmitting antenna units, the transmitting antenna units are connected with 1 transceiving component, and the number of the transmitting antenna units is more than or equal to 4;
the receiving antenna comprises a plurality of receiving antenna units, the receiving antenna units are connected with 4 transceiving components, and the number of the receiving antenna units is more than or equal to 4;
the transmitting antenna units and the receiving antenna units are all linear arrays, and the transmitting and receiving assembly is fixedly connected with the antenna units.
In one possible implementation, an X-band multi-beam phased array microstrip antenna, the transmit antenna unit comprising: the antenna comprises an antenna element and a feed network, wherein the feed network transmits signals to the antenna element;
the antenna element and the feed network are fixed inside the transmitting antenna unit.
In one possible implementation, an X-band multi-beam phased array microstrip antenna, the receive antenna unit comprising: the antenna comprises an antenna oscillator, a four-in-one combiner and a feed network;
the antenna oscillator is connected with the four-in-one combiner, and the four-in-one combiner is connected with the feed network;
the antenna element, the four-in-one combiner and the feed network are fixed inside the receiving antenna unit.
In one possible implementation, an X-band multi-beam phased array microstrip antenna;
on the transmitting antenna unit, one feed network synthesizes one transmitting beam for transmitting microwave signals;
and on the receiving antenna unit, one feed network is synthesized into one receiving beam for receiving microwave signals.
In one possible implementation, the receiving antenna is configured to generate four narrow-beam receive signals.
In one possible implementation, the transmitting antenna is 372mm 140mm 33mm in size.
In one possible implementation, the size of the receiving antenna is 744mm X200 mm X40 mm.
One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:
the embodiment of the utility model adopts an X-waveband multi-beam phased array microstrip antenna, which comprises a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna, wherein the transmitting antenna comprises a plurality of transmitting antenna units, the antenna units are connected with 1 transceiving component, and the number of the transmitting antennas is more than or equal to 4; the receiving antenna comprises a plurality of receiving antenna units, the antenna units are connected with the 4 transceiving components, and the number of the receiving antennas is more than or equal to 4; a plurality of antenna element are linear array, and fixed connection between receiving and dispatching subassembly and the antenna element has effectively solved among the prior art phased array antenna pitching face and has received for single wide wave beam, the problem that the scanning precision is low, and the quantity of transmitting antenna and receiving antenna all is greater than 4, has realized the low problem of phased array antenna's pitching face scanning precision, and the antenna element adopts the microstrip antenna form, and the quality is light small, the installation of being convenient for.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a transmitting antenna in an X-band multi-beam phased array microstrip antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a transmitting antenna unit in an X-band multi-beam phased array microstrip antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a receiving antenna in an X-band multi-beam phased-array microstrip antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a receiving antenna unit in an X-band multi-beam phased-array microstrip antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a normalized directional diagram of a pitching plane of a transmitting antenna in an X-band multi-beam phased array microstrip antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is an azimuth pattern of a transmitting antenna in an X-band multi-beam phased-array microstrip antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a receiving antenna elevation pattern in an X-band multibeam phased array microstrip antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;
reference numerals: 1-a transmit antenna unit; 11-an antenna element; 12-a feed network; 2-a receiving antenna unit; 21-four-in-one combiner.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred devices or elements must have specific orientations, be configured in specific orientations, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. Specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific situations.
The microstrip antenna has the advantages of small volume, light weight, low profile, easy conformality and easy integration with a Microwave Integrated Circuit (MIC), a Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuit (MMIC) and the like, and is widely applied. The micro-strip array antenna greatly promotes the miniaturization process of the antenna, so that the high-gain micro-strip antenna array has great application value and engineering value. At present, microstrip antennas are widely applied to various communication systems such as radars, missile guidance and satellite communication and the military field. The phased array antenna can flexibly control the main beam pointing direction of the antenna, and can simultaneously perform multi-target search, identification and tracking. However, the pitch surface of the traditional phased array antenna is received by a single wide beam, the scanning precision is low, and how to improve the beam precision of the pitch surface becomes a problem to be considered in the design of the phased array antenna.
The utility model provides an X wave band multibeam phased array microstrip antenna, including transmitting antenna as shown in figure 1 and receiving antenna as shown in figure 3. The transmitting antenna comprises a plurality of transmitting antenna units 1, the transmitting antenna units 1 are connected with 1 transceiving component, and the number of the transmitting antenna units 1 is more than or equal to 4; the receiving antenna comprises a plurality of receiving antenna units 2, the receiving antenna units 2 are connected with 4 transceiving components, and the number of the receiving antenna units 2 is more than or equal to 4; the receiving antenna units 2 and the transmitting antenna units 1 are linear arrays, and the receiving and transmitting assemblies are fixedly connected with the antenna units.
In a possible implementation manner, the number of receiving antennas and the number of transmitting antennas are not always the same, and in the present invention, it is only necessary that the number of the transmitting antenna units 1 and the number of the receiving antenna units 2 are both greater than or equal to 4. However, when the number of the transmitting antenna units 1 and the number of the receiving antenna units 2 are both greater than or equal to 4, the antenna adopted in the application can not only receive a single wide beam on the pitching surface any more, and in the application, the original wide beam receiving on the pitching surface is changed into the receiving of generating four narrow-band beams for receiving signals, so that the accuracy of signal measurement is improved.
The transmitting antenna unit 1 includes, as shown in fig. 2: the antenna comprises an antenna element 11 and a feed network 12, wherein the feed network 12 transmits signals to the antenna element 11; the antenna element 11 and the feed network 12 are fixed inside the transmitting antenna unit 1.
In the transmitting antenna unit 1, the transmitted signal is a shaped beam, and the transmitting antenna units 1 of 4 or more can perform omnidirectional scanning and transmit signals. The antenna element 11 is a component on the antenna, and has functions of guiding and amplifying electromagnetic waves, so that the electromagnetic signals transmitted in the transmitting antenna unit 1 are stronger. The antenna element 11 is made of a metal having a high conductivity, and is generally rod-shaped, but may have a structure having a complicated shape. The antenna elements 11 are mostly arranged in parallel with a plurality of antenna elements 11 inside the transmitting antenna unit 1. The feed network 12 is a line for transmitting an electrical signal sent by a device to the antenna oscillator 11, and generally, the line is divided into three types, namely a microstrip line, a coaxial line and an air line, and the use of different production processes and materials has a great influence on the performance of the antenna, and the line in the feed network 12 is not limited in the present application.
As shown in fig. 4, the receiving antenna unit 2 includes: the antenna comprises an antenna element 11, a four-in-one combiner 21 and a feed network 12; the antenna oscillator 11 is connected with a four-in-one combiner 21, and the four-in-one combiner 21 is connected with the feed network 12; the antenna element 11, the four-in-one combiner 21, and the feeding network 12 are fixed inside the receiving antenna unit 2. The combiner can effectively enable signals received by the antenna element 11 not to interfere with each other, and then receiving of a plurality of signals is completed. In the present application, the conventional overhead beam reception is changed to four narrow beam reception. In signal reception, it is important that the receiving antenna units 2 share the same loaded antenna integrated circuit, i.e., the four-in-one combiner 21 is used.
On the transmitting antenna unit 1, a feed network 12 synthesizes a transmitting beam for transmitting microwave signals. At the receiving antenna unit 2, a feed network 12 combines a receiving beam for receiving microwave signals.
In the application, the preferred size of the transmitting antenna is 372mm 140mm 33 mm. The size of the receiving antenna is 744mm 200mm 40 mm.
In a specific example provided by the present application, the transmitting antenna includes 24 transmitting antenna units 1, 1 transmitting antenna unit 1 is connected to 1 transceiving component, and 1 transmitting antenna unit 1 includes 8 transmitting antenna elements 11 and 1 feeding network 12.
The receiving antenna comprises 48 receiving antenna units 2, and 1 receiving antenna unit 2 is respectively connected with 4 transceiving components. The 1 receiving antenna unit 2 is composed of 10 antenna elements 11, four combiners and 4 feed networks 12.
Fig. 5 is a normalized directional diagram of the pitching surface of the transmitting antenna, the abscissa is the pitching angle, and the ordinate is the gain level value of the normalized directional diagram, it can be seen that the pitching surface of the transmitting antenna is a classical cosecant square directional diagram, which is a cosecant square curve from-2 ° to-30 °, and the directional diagram can uniformly cover an airspace of 2 ° -30 °; in addition, the level of the side lobe is less than 20dB, and the influence of ground noise and reflected waves is effectively avoided. Fig. 6 shows an azimuth pattern of the transmitting antenna, the abscissa is the azimuth angle, and the ordinate is the gain level of the pattern, and it can be seen that the azimuth beam width is 4 °, the gain is 26dBi, and the azimuth pattern can be scanned with a high-gain narrow beam. The transmitting antenna can realize beam scanning through a phase shifter of 24 TR components. Fig. 7 is a receiving antenna pitching surface directional diagram, the abscissa is a pitching surface angle, and the ordinate is a normalized directional diagram gain level value, and it can be seen that four beams are formed on the receiving antenna pitching surface, the beam directions are respectively 0.5 °, 7.5 °, 15.5 °, 24.5 °, the beam width is 12.7 °, and the four beams can cover 0 ° -30 ° airspace. The azimuth plane beam width is 2 degrees, the gain is 29.4dBi, and the azimuth plane directional pattern can be scanned by high-gain narrow beams. The receiving antenna can realize the respective scanning of four beams through the phase shifters of 48 groups of TR components, thereby improving the precision and flexibility of scanning.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments.
The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit the present application; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (7)
1. An X-band multi-beam phased array microstrip antenna, comprising a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna;
the transmitting antenna comprises a plurality of transmitting antenna units, the transmitting antenna units are connected with 1 transceiving component, and the number of the transmitting antenna units is more than or equal to 4;
the receiving antenna comprises a plurality of receiving antenna units, the receiving antenna units are connected with 4 transceiving components, and the number of the receiving antenna units is more than or equal to 4;
the transmitting antenna units and the receiving antenna units are all linear arrays, and the transmitting and receiving assembly is fixedly connected with the antenna units.
2. The X-band multi-beam phased array microstrip antenna according to claim 1 wherein said transmit antenna unit comprises: the antenna comprises an antenna element and a feed network, wherein the feed network transmits signals to the antenna element;
the antenna element and the feed network are fixed inside the transmitting antenna unit.
3. The X-band multi-beam phased array microstrip antenna according to claim 1 wherein said receive antenna unit comprises: the antenna comprises an antenna oscillator, a four-in-one combiner and a feed network;
the antenna oscillator is connected with the four-in-one combiner, and the four-in-one combiner is connected with the feed network;
the antenna element, the four-in-one combiner and the feed network are fixed inside the receiving antenna unit.
4. The X-band multi-beam phased array microstrip antenna according to claim 2 or 3,
on the transmitting antenna unit, one feed network synthesizes one transmitting beam for transmitting microwave signals;
and on the receiving antenna unit, one feed network is synthesized into one receiving beam for receiving microwave signals.
5. The X-band multi-beam phased array microstrip antenna according to claim 1 wherein said receive antenna is configured to produce four narrow beam receive signals.
6. The X-band multi-beam phased array microstrip antenna according to claim 1 wherein said transmit antenna has dimensions of 372mm X140 mm X33 mm.
7. The X-band multi-beam phased array microstrip antenna according to claim 1 wherein said receive antenna has dimensions of 744mm X200 mm X40 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122043201.8U CN216214135U (en) | 2021-08-27 | 2021-08-27 | X-waveband multi-beam phased-array microstrip antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122043201.8U CN216214135U (en) | 2021-08-27 | 2021-08-27 | X-waveband multi-beam phased-array microstrip antenna |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN216214135U true CN216214135U (en) | 2022-04-05 |
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| CN202122043201.8U Active CN216214135U (en) | 2021-08-27 | 2021-08-27 | X-waveband multi-beam phased-array microstrip antenna |
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